Efficient combustion equipment for biomass particles

Abstract

The invention discloses efficient combustion equipment for biomass particles, and particularly relates to the technical field of biomass combustion equipment, the efficient combustion equipment comprises a base, a combustion furnace, a feeding mechanism and an air supply mechanism are arranged above the base, and the efficient combustion equipment further comprises a vibration mechanism and a decoking mechanism. Through the arrangement of the material vibrating mechanism, an impeller can be blown to drive a rotating plate to rotate in the process that air is fed into the combustion chamber by an air supply pipe, and a first piston piece is driven by a connecting rod to reciprocate up and down in a gas collecting cavity, so that gas in the gas collecting cavity and gas in a piston cavity can alternately circulate; and a concave-convex part on the driving block is in contact with the driven wheel, so that the second fire grate moves up and down in the combustion chamber to generate a vibration effect, biomass particles falling on the second fire grate are vibrated, local accumulation and air circulation blocking are avoided, the biomass particles can form a uniform combustion layer, and the combustion efficiency is improved. Continuous and stable feeding of a combustion area is ensured, heat energy is released more sufficiently, and therefore the overall heat efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of biomass combustion equipment technology, and more specifically, to a high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets. Background Technology

[0002] Biomass burners, also known as biomass semi-gasification automatic control burners, are combustion devices that use biomass such as wood pellets and straw as fuel. They are mainly divided into air-cooled and water-cooled models. This equipment is widely used in industrial heating, coating lines, drying equipment, and boiler retrofitting, and can replace traditional oil and gas burners.

[0003] After biomass pellets enter the combustion chamber via a screw conveyor, their conveying characteristics cause them to excessively stack above the grate, forming an overly thick fuel layer that obstructs airflow. This results in uneven oxygen distribution in the combustion zone, leading to the coexistence of localized high and low temperature zones and reducing overall thermal efficiency. Simultaneously, stacking exacerbates the melting and coking phenomenon after pellet combustion. Ash softens and adheres at high temperatures, forming coke lumps. The coke layer formed by these lumps further blocks air passages, creating a vicious cycle of "stacking → oxygen deficiency → incomplete combustion → localized high temperature → intensified coking → deteriorated airflow." Ultimately, this leads to incomplete combustion, a continuous decline in thermal efficiency, increased equipment maintenance costs, and potential safety hazards due to temperature runaway.

[0004] This invention provides a high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets, aiming to solve the problems of excessive stacking of biomass pellets above the grate, which causes local high and low temperature zones to coexist, reducing overall thermal efficiency, and coking layer blocking air passages, resulting in incomplete combustion, increased equipment maintenance costs, and potential safety hazards due to temperature runaway. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background art, such as excessive stacking of biomass pellets above the grate, resulting in the coexistence of local high and low temperature zones, reducing overall thermal efficiency, and coking layer blocking air passages, leading to incomplete combustion, increased equipment maintenance costs, and potential safety hazards due to temperature runaway.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets, comprising a base, a combustion furnace, a feeding mechanism, and an air supply mechanism. The combustion furnace is provided with a combustion chamber, a first grate, and a second grate. The air supply mechanism includes a fan and an air supply pipe, and further includes: The vibrating material mechanism is used to drive the second grate to vibrate through the airflow from the air supply pipe to prevent biomass pellets from accumulating. The coking removal mechanism is used to trigger a coking removal action in response to changes in air pressure in the air supply pipe, and to transfer the coking blocks to the first grate for final storage. The first grate and the second grate are arranged in layers, one above the other. The second grate is slidably connected to the combustion chamber, and the first grate is fixedly connected to the combustion chamber.

[0007] Preferably, the vibrating mechanism includes: An air collection chamber is provided on the air supply duct, and its bottom is connected to the air supply duct. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom of the air collection chamber, and one end of which is fixedly connected to an impeller located inside the air supply pipe; A rotating plate rotatably connected within the gas collection chamber is linked to the rotating shaft via a transmission rod; A first piston component is slidably connected to the gas collecting chamber, and is eccentrically hinged to the rotating plate via a connecting rod. A second piston element is slidably disposed inside the piston chamber that communicates with the gas collecting chamber; The drive block, which is fixedly connected to the second piston, has a surface with protrusions and recesses. The driven wheel, which is rotatably connected to the bottom of the second grate, cooperates with the concave and convex parts to convert the horizontal movement of the drive block into the vertical vibration of the second grate.

[0008] Preferably, the piston chamber has an air inlet at one end and an air outlet at the top of the air collecting chamber. The piston chamber is connected to the air collecting chamber through the air inlet and the air outlet, so that the drive block periodically contacts the driven wheel.

[0009] Preferably, a bracket is provided above the base and fixedly connected to the combustion furnace. The bracket has a slide rail, a limiting slide groove and a driving groove that communicate with the combustion chamber. A slider is slidably connected in the slide rail. The driven wheel is slidably disposed in the telescopic groove of the slider. The second grate is slidably disposed in the lifting groove of the slider through a support plate.

[0010] Preferably, the desiccant removal mechanism includes a third piston, a first conductive contact, a second conductive contact, and a scraper. The third piston is slidably connected within the gas collecting chamber. The first conductive contact is embedded in the inner wall of the gas collecting chamber, and the second conductive contact is embedded in the outer wall of the third piston. The third piston responds to changes in air pressure within the air supply pipe, causing the transmission rod to move up and down, and triggering the first and second conductive contacts to come into contact, generating an electrical signal.

[0011] Preferably, the top of the rotating shaft has a mounting hole, and a first magnetic element with multiple alternating magnetic poles is embedded in its inner wall; The transmission rod has a second magnetic component with multiple alternating magnetic poles fixedly embedded at one end of the mounting hole, which is used to cooperate with the first magnetic component to achieve non-contact transmission. The other end of the transmission rod is slidably connected in the limiting groove at the bottom of the rotating plate.

[0012] Preferably, when the second grate drives the support plate to the bottom of the lifting groove, the second grate corresponds to the position of the limiting slide groove and can slide within the limiting slide groove; The scraper is arranged in a ring shape, with an inner diameter larger than that of the first grate, and is slidably connected in the drive groove. When the second grate slides within the limiting groove, the limiting groove scrapes the coke lumps onto the first grate. When the scraper moves within the drive groove, it pushes the coke lumps on the first grate into the storage chamber of the support.

[0013] Preferably, a first elastic element is provided between the first piston and the top of the gas collecting chamber, the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the gas collecting chamber through a second support, and a second elastic element is provided between the third piston and the second support.

[0014] Preferably, it further includes two sets of drive components, which are used to drive the first grate and the scraper to slide in the limiting slide groove and the drive groove. The two sets of drive components include a motor, a drive shaft and a threaded rod. The two ends of the drive shaft are fixedly connected to drive bevel gears, and the end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to a driven bevel gear that meshes with the drive bevel gear.

[0015] Preferably, the feeding mechanism, air supply mechanism, decoking mechanism, and drive assembly are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0016] The technical effects and advantages of this invention are as follows: 1. The present invention, through the setting of the vibrating material mechanism, enables the air supply pipe to blow air into the combustion chamber, which in turn drives the impeller to rotate the rotating plate. The connecting rod drives the first piston to move up and down in the gas collecting chamber, thereby allowing the gas in the gas collecting chamber and the piston chamber to flow alternately. This allows the concave and convex parts on the drive block to contact the driven wheel, causing the second grate to move up and down in the combustion chamber, generating a vibration effect. This vibrates the biomass pellets that fall onto the second grate, preventing local accumulation and obstruction of air flow. This allows the biomass pellets to form a uniform combustion layer, ensuring continuous and stable feeding in the combustion zone, and more complete heat release, thereby improving the overall thermal efficiency. 2. This invention, through the setting of the decoking mechanism, when coking occurs above the second grate, the third piston can drive the transmission rod to be completely pulled out from the mounting hole, and drive the second conductive contact to contact the first conductive contact, generating an electrical signal. This causes the second grate to return to its initial position and stop vibrating, and then drive the second grate to slide in the limiting slide groove, scraping the coked blocks and incompletely burned biomass pellets onto the first grate. After the biomass pellets on the first grate are completely burned, the drive scraper slides in the drive groove, pushing the coked blocks and completely burned biomass pellets on the first grate into the storage chamber for storage. This allows for automatic coking removal without stopping the machine, preventing coking from blocking the air passage, making the biomass pellets burn more completely, thereby improving thermal efficiency, reducing equipment maintenance costs, and reducing safety hazards caused by temperature runaway. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism and air supply mechanism of the present invention.

[0019] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the combustion chamber and support of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply mechanism of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 5 This is a cross-sectional view of the air collection chamber portion of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the internal structure of the gas collecting cavity of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 7 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the slide rail of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the driving component structure of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the slider part of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the working state of the drive block and the driven wheel of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 11 This is a cross-sectional view of the internal structure of the drive groove of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the driver board portion of the present invention.

[0029] The attached figures are labeled as follows: 1. Base; 2. Combustion furnace; 21. Combustion chamber; 22. First grate; 23. Burner; 24. Observation port; 25. Slag outlet; 3. Feeding mechanism; 4. Air supply mechanism; 41. Blower; 42. Air supply pipe; 5. Vibrating mechanism; 51. Gas collection chamber; 52. First support member; 53. Rotating shaft; 54. Impeller; 55. Second support member; 56. Rotating plate; 57. First piston member; 58. Hinge groove; 59. Connecting rod; 510. First elastic member; 511. Gas outlet groove; 512. Bracket; 513. Slide rail; 514. Connecting groove; 515. Sliding block; 516. Lifting groove; 517. Support plate; 518. Second grate; 519. Mounting groove; 520. Slide rail; 521. Drive block; 52 2. Concave-convex portion; 523. Telescopic groove; 524. Driven wheel; 525. Piston chamber; 526. Second piston component; 527. Support rod; 528. Air inlet; 529. Air outlet; 6. Coking mechanism; 61. Third piston component; 62. Second elastic component; 63. Transmission rod; 64. Limiting groove; 65. Mounting hole; 66. First magnetic component; 67. Second magnetic component; 68. First conductive contact; 69. Second conductive contact; 610. Limiting slide groove; 611. Drive groove; 612. Scraper; 613. Storage chamber; 7. Drive assembly; 71. Motor; 72. Drive shaft; 73. Threaded rod; 74. Drive bevel gear; 75. Driven bevel gear; 76. First threaded hole; 77. Drive plate; 78. Second threaded hole. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] After biomass pellets enter the combustion chamber via a screw conveyor, the conveying characteristics cause the pellets to stack excessively above the grate, forming an excessively thick fuel layer. This obstructs airflow, resulting in uneven oxygen distribution in the combustion zone, causing localized high-temperature and low-temperature zones to coexist, and reducing overall thermal efficiency.

[0032] Example 1 refer to Figures 1 to 12 An embodiment of the present invention provides a high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets, including a base 1, a combustion furnace 2, a feeding mechanism 3 and an air supply mechanism 4 arranged above the base 1, a combustion chamber 21 arranged inside the combustion furnace 2, a first grate 22 arranged inside the combustion chamber 21, and a burner 23, an observation port 24 and a slag outlet 25 arranged on the combustion furnace 2. refer to Figures 1 to 4The feeding mechanism 3 is used to convey biomass pellets into the combustion chamber 21 through a spiral conveying structure, and the air supply mechanism 4 is used to supply air into the combustion chamber 21. The air supply mechanism 4 includes a fan 41 mounted on the base 1, and an air supply pipe 42 is provided between the fan 41 and the combustion chamber 21. Both the feeding mechanism 3 and the air supply mechanism 4 are existing technologies and will not be described in detail here.

[0033] refer to Figures 4 to 6 It also includes a vibrating mechanism 5, which includes an air collecting chamber 51 disposed on the air supply pipe 42. The bottom of the air collecting chamber 51 is connected to the interior of the air supply pipe 42. The lower part of the air collecting chamber 51 is rotatably connected to a rotating shaft 53 via a first support member 52. One end of the rotating shaft 53 is fixedly connected to an impeller 54 located inside the air supply pipe 42. Inside the air collecting chamber 51, above the first support member 52, a rotating plate 56 is fixedly connected to a second support member 55. The rotating plate 56 can rotate with the impeller 54. Inside the air collecting chamber 51, above the rotating plate 56, a first piston member 57 is slidably connected. Both the plate 56 and the first piston 57 are fixedly connected to each other on the side that are close to each other, and an eccentrically arranged hinge groove 58 is fixedly connected to the two hinge grooves 58. A connecting rod 59 is hinged inside the two hinge grooves 58. The side of the first piston 57 away from the rotating plate 56 is connected to the top of the gas collecting chamber 51 by a first elastic member 510. An air outlet groove 511 communicating with the outside is opened between the first piston 57 and the second support member 55 on the inner wall of the gas collecting chamber 51. The air outlet groove 511 is used for gas circulation inside the gas collecting chamber 51. When the rotating plate 56 rotates, it can drive the first piston 57 to reciprocate within the gas collecting chamber 51 through the connecting rod 59.

[0034] refer to Figures 2 to 10 A bracket 512 fixedly connected to the combustion furnace 2 is provided above the base 1. Two slides 513 extending into the bracket 512 are symmetrically opened inside the combustion furnace 2. Two connecting slots 514 are opened inside the combustion chamber 21. Both connecting slots 514 are located above the first grate 22 and are connected to the two slides 513 respectively. Sliding sliders 515 are slidably connected inside the two slides 513. Lifting slots 516 are opened on the side of the two sliding sliders 515 that are close to each other. Support plates 517 are slidably connected inside the two lifting slots 516. A second grate 518 slidably connected inside the combustion chamber 21 is fixedly connected between the two support plates 517. Inside the combustion furnace 2, there are mounting grooves 519 extending into the support 512 below the two slide rails 513. The mounting grooves 519 are connected to the two slide rails 513 respectively. The bottom of the two mounting grooves 519 is fixedly connected to the slide rails 520. The top of the two slide rails 520 is slidably connected to the drive blocks 521. The top of the two drive blocks 521 is provided with concave and convex parts 522. The bottom of the two lifting grooves 516 is provided with telescopic grooves 523 that are arranged in a through shape. The bottom of the two support plates 517 is rotatably connected to driven wheels 524 that are slidably connected in the corresponding telescopic grooves 523. When the drive blocks 521 move, they can push the support plates 517 and the second grate 518 to move up and down through the cooperation of the concave and convex parts 522 and the driven wheels 524.

[0035] refer to Figure 1 and Figure 10 Both mounting slots 519 are fixedly connected to piston chambers 525, and both piston chambers 525 are slidably connected to second piston components 526. One side of each second piston component 526 is fixedly connected to a support rod 527 between it and the corresponding drive block 521. Both piston chambers 525 are provided with air inlets 528. The top of the air collecting chamber 51 is provided with two air outlets 529. The two air outlets 529 are connected to the two air inlets 528 through air pipes. When the gas inside the gas collecting chamber 51 enters the piston chamber 525, it can push the second piston 526 and the drive block 521 to move closer to the driven wheel 524. When the gas inside the piston chamber 525 is drawn back into the gas collecting chamber 51, it can drive the second piston 526 and the drive block 521 to move away from the driven wheel 524.

[0036] In actual operation, the biomass pellets are first conveyed to the combustion chamber 21 by the feeding mechanism 3 and fall onto the second grate 518. Then, the igniter in the combustion chamber 21 is started to start combustion, and the blower 41 is started at the same time, and air is sent into the combustion chamber 21 through the air supply pipe 42.

[0037] During the process of air being delivered into the combustion chamber 21 through the air supply duct 42, the air inside the air supply duct 42 will blow the impeller 54 to rotate. (See reference) Figure 5 During the rotation of the impeller 54, the distance between the two hinge slots 58 will change, so that the rotating plate 56 can drive the first piston 57 to move up and down in the gas collecting chamber 51 through the connecting rod 59 during the rotation of the rotating plate 56. When the first piston 57 moves upward within the gas collecting chamber 51, it compresses the first elastic element 510 and squeezes the gas within the gas collecting chamber 51. At this time, the gas enters the piston chamber 525 through the outlet 529, the gas pipe, and the inlet 528. (Refer to...) Figure 10When the gas inside the gas collecting chamber 51 enters the piston chamber 525, the gas pushes the second piston 526 and drives the drive block 521 to move closer to the driven wheel 524 via the support rod 527. During the movement of the drive block 521 towards the driven wheel 524, the protrusions 522 on the drive block 521 will contact the driven wheel 524, thereby enabling the driven wheel 524 to move up and down within the telescopic groove 523. During the movement of the driven wheel 524 up and down within the telescopic groove 523, the support plate 517 will move up and down within the lifting groove 516, and the second grate 518 will move up and down within the combustion chamber 21. When the first piston 57 moves downward in the gas collecting chamber 51, it draws the gas in the piston chamber 525 back into the gas collecting chamber 51 through the gas outlet 529, gas pipe, and gas inlet 528, creating a negative pressure in the piston chamber 525. This negative pressure drives the second piston 526 and, through the support rod 527, the drive block 521 to move away from the driven wheel 524. As the drive block 521 moves away from the driven wheel 524, the protrusions 522 on the drive block 521 will contact the driven wheel 524 again, thereby causing the second grate 518 to move up and down in the combustion chamber 21, generating a vibration effect. This vibrates the biomass pellets that fall onto the second grate 518, preventing local accumulation and obstruction of airflow. This allows the biomass pellets to form a uniform combustion layer, ensuring continuous and stable feeding in the combustion zone, and more complete heat release, thereby improving overall thermal efficiency.

[0038] In summary, the vibrating material mechanism 5, through the air supply pipe 42 sending air into the combustion chamber 21, can blow the impeller 54 to drive the rotating plate 56 to rotate, and through the connecting rod 59, drive the first piston 57 to move up and down in the gas collecting chamber 51, so that the gas in the gas collecting chamber 51 and the piston chamber 525 can flow alternately, so that the concave and convex parts 522 on the drive block 521 contact the driven wheel 524, causing the second grate 518 to move up and down in the combustion chamber 21, generating a vibration effect, thereby vibrating the biomass pellets falling on the second grate 518, avoiding the formation of local accumulation and airflow obstruction, so that the biomass pellets can form a uniform combustion layer, ensuring continuous and stable feeding in the combustion zone, and more complete heat energy release, thereby improving the overall thermal efficiency.

[0039] Example 2 In actual use, the melting of the particles after combustion will cause coking. The ash softens and sticks together at high temperature to form coke blocks. The coke layer formed by the coke blocks will further block the air passage, which will lead to incomplete combustion, continuous decrease in thermal efficiency, increased equipment maintenance costs, and may cause safety hazards due to temperature runaway. Therefore, this embodiment improves the device described in the above embodiment.

[0040] refer to Figures 5 to 12 It also includes a descaling mechanism 6, which includes a third piston 61 slidably connected inside the gas collecting chamber 51. The third piston 61 is located between the first support 52 and the second support 55. A second elastic member 62 is connected between the third piston 61 and the second support 55. A transmission rod 63 coaxially arranged with the rotating shaft 53 and the rotating plate 56 is rotatably connected at the center of the third piston 61. A limiting groove 64 is opened at the bottom of the rotating plate 56, and a mounting hole 65 is opened at the top of the rotating shaft 53. One end of the transmission rod 63 is slidably connected inside the limiting groove 64, and the other end is slidably connected inside the mounting hole 65. refer to Figure 5 The inner wall of the mounting hole 65 is fixedly embedded with a plurality of uniformly distributed first magnetic elements 66. The outer wall of the end of the transmission rod 63 located in the mounting hole 65 is fixedly embedded with a plurality of uniformly distributed second magnetic elements 67. The magnetic poles of every two adjacent first magnetic elements 66 are arranged in opposite directions, and the magnetic poles of every two adjacent second magnetic elements 67 are arranged in opposite directions. When the rotating shaft 53 rotates, it can drive the transmission rod 63 to rotate through magnetic coupling. For the specific working principle, please refer to the magnetic coupler.

[0041] refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6 The inner wall of the gas collecting cavity 51 is fixedly embedded with a first conductive contact 68, and the outer wall of the third piston member 61 is fixedly embedded with a second conductive contact 69 corresponding to the position of the first conductive contact 68. When the third piston member 61 compresses the second elastic member 62 to move to the limit position, the first conductive contact 68 and the second conductive contact 69 come into contact and generate an electrical signal.

[0042] refer to Figure 3 The bracket 512 has a limiting slide groove 610 that communicates with the inside of the combustion chamber 21. When the second grate 518 is in the initial position at the bottom of the lifting groove 516, it can correspond to the position of the limiting slide groove 610. The second grate 518 can be slidably connected in the limiting slide groove 610. The combustion chamber 21 has a drive groove 611 extending into the support 512. The drive groove 611 is slidably connected to a scraper 612 arranged in a ring. The inner diameter of the scraper 612 is larger than the diameter of the first grate 22. The drive groove 611 is located above the first grate 22. When the scraper 612 moves, it can contact the top of the first grate 22. Inside the support 512, below the drive slot 611, there is a storage chamber 613. As the scraper 612 moves toward the support 512, it can push the coke block above the first grate 22 into the storage chamber 613 for storage.

[0043] refer to Figure 2 and Figure 8It also includes two sets of drive components 7, both of which are installed in the bracket 512. The two sets of drive components 7 are used to drive the first grate 22 and scraper 612 to slide in the limiting slide groove 610 and drive groove 611. Each set of drive components 7 includes a motor 71, a drive shaft 72 and two threaded rods 73. Both ends of the drive shaft 72 are fixedly connected to drive bevel gears 74. One end of each of the two threaded rods 73 is fixedly connected to a driven bevel gear 75 that meshes with the corresponding drive bevel gear 74. When the motor 71 rotates, it can drive the drive shaft 72 to rotate through the transmission belt. When the drive shaft 72 rotates, it drives the two threaded rods 73 to rotate through the meshing of the two drive bevel gears 74 and the two driven bevel gears 75. The drive shaft 72 and the two threaded rods 73 are rotatably connected in the bracket 512. The feeding mechanism 3, the air supply mechanism 4, the decoking mechanism 6 and the drive components 7 are all electrically connected to the controller.

[0044] refer to Figures 8 to 12 Both sliders 515 have a through-hole 76, and both sliders 515 are threaded to two threaded rods 73 on one of the drive components 7 through the first threaded hole 76. Two symmetrically arranged drive plates 77 are fixedly connected to the outer periphery of the scraper 612. Both drive plates 77 are slidably connected in the drive groove 611. Both drive plates 77 have a second threaded hole 78 that is arranged in a through shape. Both drive plates 77 are threadedly connected to two threaded rods 73 on another set of drive components 7 through the second threaded hole 78.

[0045] In actual operation, when coking occurs above the second grate 518, the coking layer will block airflow, increasing the pressure inside the air supply pipe 42. This increased pressure will push the third piston 61 upwards within the gas collecting chamber 51, compressing the second elastic element 62. (Refer to...) Figure 5 and Figure 6 As the third piston 61 moves upward within the gas collecting chamber 51, it drives the transmission rod 63 to move upward synchronously. This allows one end of the transmission rod 63 to move further upward within the limiting groove 64, while the other end gradually exits from the mounting hole 65. When the third piston 61 compresses the second elastic element 62 to its limit position, the transmission rod 63 is completely withdrawn from the mounting hole 65. The impeller 54 and the rotating shaft 53 can no longer drive the rotating plate 56 to rotate. At this time, the first elastic element 510 pushes the first piston 57 downward back to its initial position and draws back the gas in the piston chamber 525. This allows the support rod 527 to extend fully, causing the drive block 521 to move away from the driven wheel 524 and return to its initial position. This prevents the concave and convex parts 522 from contacting the driven wheel 524, thus preventing the second grate 518 from vibrating again upon returning to its initial position and avoiding any impact on subsequent coking and scraping.

[0046] When the third piston 61 compresses the second elastic member 62 to its limit position, it will cause the second conductive contact 69 to contact the first conductive contact 68, thereby generating an electrical signal. When the controller receives the electrical signal, it will start the drive component 7 corresponding to the second grate 518, so that the motor 71 drives the drive shaft 72 to rotate. When the drive shaft 72 rotates, it will drive the two threaded rods 73 to rotate through the meshing of the two drive bevel gears 74 and the two driven bevel gears 75. During the rotation of the two threaded rods 73, they will drive the corresponding slider 515 to move in the slide rail 513 through the cooperation with the two first threaded holes 76, and drive the second grate 518 to slide in the limiting slide groove 610 through the two support plates 517. During the sliding of the second grate 518 in the limiting slide groove 610, the limiting slide groove 610 will block the coke and unburned biomass particles on the second grate 518, so that the coke and unburned biomass particles fall onto the first grate 22. When the second grate 518 moves to the limit position of the limiting slide 610 and scrapes off all the coke, the controller controls the corresponding drive component 7 to reverse, so that the second grate 518 returns to the combustion chamber 21 to continue the work of supporting and burning biomass pellets.

[0047] After the second grate 518 returns to the combustion chamber 21, the driving time of the drive component 7 corresponding to the scraper 612 can be set according to the combustion time of the biomass pellets. When the biomass pellets on the first grate 22 reach the set time for combustion, the controller activates the drive component 7 corresponding to the scraper 612, causing the corresponding motor 71 to drive the drive shaft 72 to rotate. When the drive shaft 72 rotates, it will drive the two threaded rods 73 to rotate through the meshing of two drive bevel gears 74 and two driven bevel gears 75. During the rotation of the two threaded rods 73, they will drive the two threaded rods 73 to rotate through the engagement with the two second threaded holes 78. The drive plate 77 and scraper 612 slide within the drive groove 611. During the sliding process of the scraper 612 within the drive groove 611, it will drive the coking blocks and fully burned biomass pellets on the first grate 22 to move. During the movement, the coking blocks and fully burned biomass pellets will be pushed into the storage chamber 613 for storage. This allows the coking scraping work to be completed automatically without stopping the machine, avoiding coking from blocking the air passage, making the biomass pellets burn more completely, thereby improving thermal efficiency, reducing equipment maintenance costs, and reducing safety hazards caused by temperature runaway. After the scraper 612 pushes all the coking lumps and completely burned biomass pellets into the storage chamber 613, the controller controls the corresponding drive component 7 to reverse, so that the scraper 612 returns to the combustion chamber 21 to prepare for the next coking removal operation.

[0048] It should be noted that during the process of the second grate 518 returning to the combustion chamber 21, as the coke on the second grate 518 is scraped off, the air pressure in the air supply pipe 42 returns to normal, allowing the second elastic element 62 to push the third piston element 61 downwards, causing the transmission rod 63 to return to the mounting hole 65. The impeller 54 can then drive the rotating plate 56 to rotate again via the rotating shaft 53 and the transmission rod 63, allowing the drive block 521 to continue reciprocating. The reciprocating drive block 521 will contact the driven wheel 524 returning to its initial position. Since the second grate 518 is located in the limiting slide groove 610 and cannot move up or down at this time, the driven wheel 524 returning to its initial position will forcibly push the drive block 521 away from the driven wheel 524. 24. During the process of forcibly pushing the drive block 521 to move away from the driven wheel 524, the gas in the piston chamber 525 will be pushed back into the gas collecting chamber 51, making it impossible for the first piston 57 to move upward in the gas collecting chamber 51, and preventing the rotating plate 56 from rotating normally. Since the transmission rod 63 and the mounting hole 65 are driven by the magnetic coupling of the first magnetic component 66 and the second magnetic component 67, and the magnetic coupling is a soft connection, after the rotating plate 56 and the transmission rod 63 cannot rotate normally, the impeller 54 and the rotating shaft 53 can still overcome the magnetic force to rotate, which will not affect the overall structure. After the second grate 518 returns to the initial position, the gas in the gas collecting chamber 51 can enter the piston chamber 525 normally and continue to drive the second grate 518 to vibrate.

[0049] When continuous combustion occurs for an extended period of time, the time for the second grate 518 to return to the combustion chamber 21 can be extended, allowing the first grate 22 and the second grate 518 to be used alternately for alternating cooling. This reduces problems such as metal fatigue and oxidation embrittlement caused by long-term high-temperature operation, thereby improving the service life of the equipment.

[0050] In summary, by setting up the decoking mechanism 6, when coking occurs above the second grate 518, the third piston 61 can drive the transmission rod 63 to be completely pulled out from the mounting hole 65, and drive the second conductive contact 69 to contact the first conductive contact 68, generating an electrical signal. This causes the second grate 518 to return to its initial position and stop vibrating, and then slide the second grate 518 in the limiting slide groove 610, scraping the coked blocks and incompletely burned biomass pellets onto the first grate 22. After the biomass pellets on the first grate 22 are completely burned, the drive scraper 612 slides in the drive groove 611, pushing the coked blocks and completely burned biomass pellets on the first grate 22 into the storage chamber 613 for storage. This allows for automatic coking removal without stopping the machine, preventing coking from blocking the air passage, making the biomass pellets burn more completely, thereby improving thermal efficiency, reducing equipment maintenance costs, and reducing safety hazards caused by temperature runaway.

[0051] In conclusion, the above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets, comprising a base, a combustion furnace, a feeding mechanism, and an air supply mechanism, wherein the combustion furnace has a combustion chamber, a first grate, and a second grate, and the air supply mechanism includes a fan and an air supply pipe, characterized in that, Also includes: The vibrating material mechanism is used to drive the second grate to vibrate through the airflow from the air supply pipe to prevent biomass pellets from accumulating. The coking removal mechanism is used to trigger a coking removal action in response to changes in air pressure in the air supply pipe, and to transfer the coking blocks to the first grate for final storage. The first grate and the second grate are arranged in layers, one above the other. The second grate is slidably connected to the combustion chamber, and the first grate is fixedly connected to the combustion chamber.

2. The high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets according to claim 1, characterized in that: The vibrating material mechanism includes: An air collection chamber is provided on the air supply duct, and its bottom is connected to the air supply duct. A rotating shaft is rotatably connected to the bottom of the air collection chamber, and one end of which is fixedly connected to an impeller located inside the air supply pipe; A rotating plate rotatably connected within the gas collection chamber is linked to the rotating shaft via a transmission rod; A first piston component is slidably connected to the gas collecting chamber, and is eccentrically hinged to the rotating plate via a connecting rod. A second piston element is slidably disposed inside the piston chamber that communicates with the gas collecting chamber; The drive block, which is fixedly connected to the second piston, has a surface with protrusions and recesses. The driven wheel, which is rotatably connected to the bottom of the second grate, cooperates with the concave and convex parts to convert the horizontal movement of the drive block into the vertical vibration of the second grate.

3. The high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets according to claim 2, characterized in that: An air inlet is provided at one end of the piston chamber, and an air outlet is provided at the top of the air collecting chamber. The piston chamber is connected to the air collecting chamber through the air inlet and the air outlet, so that the driving block periodically contacts the driven wheel.

4. The high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets according to claim 3, characterized in that: A bracket is fixedly connected to the combustion furnace above the base. The bracket has a slide rail, a limiting slide groove and a driving groove that communicate with the combustion chamber. A slider is slidably connected in the slide rail. The driven wheel is slidably disposed in the telescopic groove of the slider. The second grate is slidably disposed in the lifting groove of the slider through a support plate.

5. The high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets according to claim 4, characterized in that: The decoking mechanism includes a third piston, a first conductive contact, a second conductive contact, and a scraper. The third piston is slidably connected in the gas collecting chamber. The first conductive contact is embedded in the inner wall of the gas collecting chamber, and the second conductive contact is embedded in the outer wall of the third piston. The third piston responds to changes in the air pressure in the air supply pipe, causing the transmission rod to move up and down, and triggering the first conductive contact to contact the second conductive contact to generate an electrical signal.

6. The high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top of the rotating shaft is provided with a mounting hole, and a first magnetic element with multiple alternating magnetic poles is embedded in its inner wall; The transmission rod has a second magnetic component with multiple alternating magnetic poles fixedly embedded at one end of the mounting hole, which is used to cooperate with the first magnetic component to achieve non-contact transmission. The other end of the transmission rod is slidably connected in the limiting groove at the bottom of the rotating plate.

7. The high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets according to claim 6, characterized in that: When the second grate drives the support plate to the bottom of the lifting groove, the second grate corresponds to the position of the limiting slide groove and can slide within the limiting slide groove; The scraper is arranged in a ring shape, with an inner diameter larger than that of the first grate, and is slidably connected in the drive groove. When the second grate slides within the limiting groove, the limiting groove scrapes the coke lumps onto the first grate. When the scraper moves within the drive groove, it pushes the coke lumps on the first grate into the storage chamber of the support.

8. The high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets according to claim 7, characterized in that: A first elastic element is provided between the first piston and the top of the gas collecting chamber, the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the gas collecting chamber through a second support, and a second elastic element is provided between the third piston and the second support.

9. The high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets according to claim 8, characterized in that: It also includes two sets of drive components, which are used to drive the first grate and the scraper to slide in the limiting slide groove and the drive groove. The two sets of drive components include a motor, a drive shaft and a threaded rod. The two ends of the drive shaft are fixedly connected to drive bevel gears, and the end of the threaded rod is fixedly connected to a driven bevel gear that meshes with the drive bevel gear.

10. The high-efficiency combustion device for biomass pellets according to claim 8, characterized in that: The feeding mechanism, air supply mechanism, desiccant removal mechanism, and drive assembly are all electrically connected to the controller.

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