Optimal blasting parameter adjusting method based on rock mass blasting grade

Abstract

The invention discloses an optimal blasting parameter adjusting method based on the explosive grade of rock mass, and relates to the technical field of mineral engineering blasting, and the optimal blasting parameter adjusting method comprises the following steps: establishing porous millisecond blasting digital twinborn models of different underwater blasting grades; correlation matching of known blasting modes is carried out according to blasting engineering data, and a plurality of blasting modes meeting the underwater rock mass to be blasted are preliminarily screened; analyzing the risk index of each blasting mode for the surrounding attention and influence environment factors, and based on a plurality of blasting damping hole-bubble curtain counteracting layout modes, establishing a blasting mode and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain counteracting layout mode decision model, and determining an optimal layout mode; and according to the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain counteracting layout mode of the optimal blasting mode, the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain counteracting layout mode is substituted into the underwater porous millisecond blasting digital twin models of different blasting grades, and optimal blasting parameters of the underwater rock mass to be blasted are generated. The method has the advantages that the blasting construction efficiency is improved, and the damage of blasting vibration and shock waves is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of blasting technology in mining engineering, specifically to a method for adjusting optimal blasting parameters based on the blastability level of rock mass. Background Technology

[0002] In the current complex environment, the blasting process of canal excavation is subject to many external influencing factors. Furthermore, the quality of the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offset layout depends on the subjective experience of engineers. This results in the hole size and the number of bubble curtains not being fully matched with the blasting method, leading to low blasting efficiency and significant environmental disturbance during canal blasting excavation in complex environments. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the aforementioned technical problems, this paper provides an optimal blasting parameter adjustment method based on the blastability level of the rock mass. This technical solution solves the problems of numerous external influencing factors during canal blasting excavation in complex environments, and the fact that the quality of the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout depends on the engineer's subjective experience, resulting in the hole size and the number of bubble curtains not being fully matched with the blasting method. This leads to low blasting efficiency and significant environmental disturbance during canal blasting excavation in complex environments.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0005] A method for adjusting optimal blasting parameters based on the blastability level of rock mass includes:

[0006] Based on the data of the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting effect of porous non-equally spaced rock mass funnels of various blasting levels in historical canals, a digital twin model of porous micro-differential blasting of different blasting levels in underwater was established.

[0007] Acquire blasting engineering data of underwater rock mass to be blasted, perform correlation and matching of known blasting methods according to multi-dimensional data in the blasting engineering data, and initially screen several blasting methods that meet the requirements of underwater rock mass to be blasted;

[0008] Based on the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and several blasting methods for the underwater rock mass to be blasted, the risk indicators of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors of concern are analyzed.

[0009] Based on several blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods and the risk indicators of various blasting methods for underwater rock masses to be blasted for the surrounding environmental factors of concern, a decision model for blasting methods and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods is established to determine the optimal blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method.

[0010] The optimal blasting parameters for the underwater rock mass to be blasted are generated by substituting the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method into the underwater multi-hole micro-differential blasting digital twin model of different blasting levels.

[0011] Preferably, blasting engineering data of the underwater rock mass to be blasted is obtained, and known blasting methods are matched and correlated according to the multi-dimensional data in the blasting engineering data. Several blasting methods that meet the requirements of the underwater rock mass to be blasted are initially selected, including:

[0012] Standardized processing of blasting engineering data based on underwater rock mass to be blasted;

[0013] Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of blasting engineering data and to divide and label the data according to each dimension to obtain multi-dimensional feature data of the underwater rock mass to be blasted; the multi-dimensional features include: rock mass geological features, hydrogeological features, and blasting environment features.

[0014] Based on known blasting methods, the blasting parameters for each blasting method are determined, and the blasting characteristic data of the known blasting methods are obtained;

[0015] A linear mapping is performed between the multi-dimensional feature data of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature data of the known blasting methods to obtain the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature vector of the known blasting methods.

[0016] Using the cosine similarity formula, the matching degree between the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature vector of the known blasting method is calculated for preliminary screening, and several blasting methods that meet the requirements of the underwater rock mass to be blasted are obtained.

[0017] The cosine similarity formula is as follows:

[0018]

[0019] In the formula, sim(A,B) is the matching degree between the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature vector of the known blasting method, where A is the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and B is the blasting feature vector of the known blasting method.

[0020] Preferably, based on the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and several blasting methods for the underwater rock mass to be blasted, the risk indicators of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors are analyzed, specifically including:

[0021] A risk assessment model for surrounding environmental factors of blasting methods is established based on Logistic regression.

[0022] Based on several blasting methods for underwater rock masses to be blasted, the dynamic effect parameters of each blasting method are determined;

[0023] Based on the preference for the dynamic effect parameters of various blasting methods for the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, the characteristic data of the dynamic effect of the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted are determined; the surrounding environmental factors include: building factors and aquatic ecological factors;

[0024] The risk assessment model for surrounding environmental factors based on blasting methods uses the characteristic data of the dynamic effects of surrounding environmental factors of underwater rock mass to be blasted as input, calculates the maximum likelihood estimate of dynamic effect parameters for surrounding environmental factors, and uses the risk indicators of various blasting methods of underwater rock mass to be blasted for surrounding environmental factors as output.

[0025] The specific environmental risk assessment model for the blasting method is as follows:

[0026]

[0027] In the formula, P ij X represents the risk index of the i-th blasting method for the j-th surrounding environmental impact factor in the underwater rock mass to be blasted. jk This refers to the k-th dynamic effect characteristic data of the j-th surrounding environmental factor affecting the underwater rock mass to be blasted. j βj represents the total number of dynamic effect characteristic data of the j-th surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, β0 is the intercept term, and βj is the total number of data. jk Let be the regression coefficient corresponding to the dynamic effect characteristic of the j-th surrounding environmental factor of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, and e be the natural logarithm.

[0028] Preferably, based on several blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods and the risk indicators of various blasting methods for underwater rock masses to be blasted regarding surrounding environmental factors of concern, a decision model for blasting methods and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods is established to determine the optimal blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method, specifically including:

[0029] Based on the decision tree, the dynamic effect parameters of each blasting method and the parameters of several blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods are used as the decision features of the branch nodes to establish decision trees for each underwater blasting method and build a decision model for blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method.

[0030] Based on the dynamic effect characteristic data of the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, the decision model of blasting mode and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout mode is substituted into the decision characteristics of the branch node to calculate the information gain of the risk index of each blasting mode of the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors. The risk index of each blasting mode of the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors under each blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout is used as the output.

[0031] Using the weighted average method, the risk index of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted under each blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout is calculated to reduce the risk index of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted to the surrounding environmental factors, and the optimal blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout are determined.

[0032] Specifically, the weighted average method is as follows:

[0033]

[0034] In the formula, ΔR represents the reduction value of the risk index of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted under the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout on the surrounding environmental factors. Let m be the risk index of the surrounding environmental factors for each blasting method of the underwater rock mass to be blasted under the v-th blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout, and m be the total number of surrounding environmental factors.

[0035] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0036] This invention proposes an optimal blasting parameter adjustment scheme based on the blastability level of rock mass. By establishing a digital twin model of multi-hole micro-differential blasting at different underwater blasting levels, and utilizing blasting engineering data and multi-dimensional correlation matching, blasting methods suitable for the rock mass to be blasted are selected. The risk indicators of each blasting method to the surrounding environment are analyzed. Combining the layout of blasting damping holes and bubble curtains, a decision model is constructed to determine the blasting method and the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout. The optimal blasting method and the optimal blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout are then incorporated into the digital twin model to generate the optimal blasting parameters for the underwater rock mass to be blasted. The beneficial effects of this scheme are: improved blasting construction efficiency and reduced hazards from blasting vibration and shock waves. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 A flowchart of an optimal blasting parameter adjustment method based on the blastability level of rock mass;

[0038] Figure 2 A flowchart for preliminary screening of several blasting methods to meet the requirements of underwater rock masses to be blasted;

[0039] Figure 3 A flowchart illustrating the risk indicators for analyzing the impact of various blasting methods on surrounding environmental factors of concern in underwater rock masses to be blasted;

[0040] Figure 4 A flowchart for determining the optimal blasting method and the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The following description is intended to disclose the invention and enable those skilled in the art to implement it. The preferred embodiments described below are merely examples, and other obvious variations will occur to those skilled in the art.

[0042] Reference Figure 1 As shown, a method for adjusting optimal blasting parameters based on the blastability level of rock mass includes:

[0043] Based on the data of the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting effect of porous non-equally spaced rock mass funnels of various blasting levels in historical canals, a digital twin model of porous micro-differential blasting of different blasting levels in underwater was established.

[0044] Acquire blasting engineering data of underwater rock mass to be blasted, perform correlation and matching of known blasting methods according to multi-dimensional data in the blasting engineering data, and initially screen several blasting methods that meet the requirements of underwater rock mass to be blasted;

[0045] Based on the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and several blasting methods for the underwater rock mass to be blasted, the risk indicators of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors of concern are analyzed.

[0046] Based on several blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods and the risk indicators of various blasting methods for underwater rock masses to be blasted for the surrounding environmental factors of concern, a decision model for blasting methods and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods is established to determine the optimal blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method.

[0047] The optimal blasting parameters for the underwater rock mass to be blasted are generated by substituting the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method into the underwater multi-hole micro-differential blasting digital twin model of different blasting levels.

[0048] This scheme establishes digital twin models of multi-hole micro-delay blasting at different underwater blasting levels. Utilizing blasting engineering data and multi-dimensional correlation matching, it selects blasting methods suitable for the rock mass to be blasted. It analyzes the risk indicators of each blasting method to the surrounding environment and, combined with the layout of blasting damping holes and bubble curtains, constructs a decision model for the blasting method and the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout. The optimal blasting method and the optimal blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout are then input into the digital twin model to generate the optimal blasting parameters for the underwater rock mass to be blasted. The beneficial effects of this scheme are: improved blasting construction efficiency and reduced hazards from blasting vibration and shock waves.

[0049] Reference Figure 2 As shown, blasting engineering data for underwater rock masses to be blasted is obtained. Known blasting methods are matched and correlated based on multi-dimensional data within the blasting engineering data. Several blasting methods suitable for underwater rock masses to be blasted are initially selected, including:

[0050] Standardized processing of blasting engineering data based on underwater rock mass to be blasted;

[0051] Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of blasting engineering data and to divide and label the data according to each dimension to obtain multi-dimensional feature data of the underwater rock mass to be blasted; the multi-dimensional features include: rock mass geological features, hydrogeological features, and blasting environment features.

[0052] Based on known blasting methods, the blasting parameters for each blasting method are determined, and the blasting characteristic data of the known blasting methods are obtained;

[0053] A linear mapping is performed between the multi-dimensional feature data of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature data of the known blasting methods to obtain the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature vector of the known blasting methods.

[0054] Using the cosine similarity formula, the matching degree between the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature vector of the known blasting method is calculated for preliminary screening, and several blasting methods that meet the requirements of the underwater rock mass to be blasted are obtained.

[0055] The cosine similarity formula is as follows:

[0056]

[0057] In the formula, sim(A,B) is the matching degree between the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature vector of the known blasting method, where A is the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and B is the blasting feature vector of the known blasting method.

[0058] Understandably, preliminary screening by calculating the matching degree between the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature vector of known blasting methods has the following benefits: through data dimensionality reduction and similarity matching, the rock mass characteristics and blasting methods can be accurately associated, improving the efficiency and accuracy of blasting method screening, and providing key parameters for underwater blasting construction in complex environments.

[0059] Reference Figure 3 As shown, based on the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and several blasting methods, the risk indicators of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors are analyzed, including:

[0060] A risk assessment model for surrounding environmental factors of blasting methods is established based on Logistic regression.

[0061] Based on several blasting methods for underwater rock masses to be blasted, the dynamic effect parameters of each blasting method are determined;

[0062] Based on the preference for the dynamic effect parameters of various blasting methods for the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, the characteristic data of the dynamic effect of the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted are determined; the surrounding environmental factors include: building factors and aquatic ecological factors;

[0063] The risk assessment model for surrounding environmental factors based on blasting methods uses the characteristic data of the dynamic effects of surrounding environmental factors of underwater rock mass to be blasted as input, calculates the maximum likelihood estimate of dynamic effect parameters for surrounding environmental factors, and uses the risk indicators of various blasting methods of underwater rock mass to be blasted for surrounding environmental factors as output.

[0064] The specific environmental risk assessment model for the blasting method is as follows:

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, P ij X represents the risk index of the i-th blasting method for the j-th surrounding environmental impact factor in the underwater rock mass to be blasted. jk This refers to the k-th dynamic effect characteristic data of the j-th surrounding environmental factor affecting the underwater rock mass to be blasted. j βj represents the total number of dynamic effect characteristic data of the j-th surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, β0 is the intercept term, and βj is the total number of data. jk Let be the regression coefficient corresponding to the dynamic effect characteristic of the j-th surrounding environmental factor of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, and e be the natural logarithm.

[0067] This scheme quantitatively analyzes the dynamic effects of the surrounding environment and blasting methods on underwater rock masses to be blasted. A Logistic Regression model is constructed to assess risk, determine the dynamic effect parameters of each blasting method, and extract characteristic data based on the surrounding environment's focus on dynamic effects. This data serves as input to the model, calculating the maximum likelihood estimate of the impact of dynamic effects on environmental factors and outputting environmental risk indicators for each blasting method. The beneficial effect is a reduction in the damage caused by underwater blasting methods to structures and aquatic ecosystems.

[0068] Reference Figure 4 As shown, based on several blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods and the risk indicators of various blasting methods for underwater rock masses to be blasted regarding surrounding environmental factors of concern, a decision model for blasting methods and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods is established to determine the optimal blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods, specifically including:

[0069] Based on the decision tree, the dynamic effect parameters of each blasting method and the parameters of several blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods are used as the decision features of the branch nodes to establish decision trees for each underwater blasting method and build a decision model for blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method.

[0070] Based on the dynamic effect characteristic data of the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, the decision model of blasting mode and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout mode is substituted into the decision characteristics of the branch node to calculate the information gain of the risk index of each blasting mode of the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors. The risk index of each blasting mode of the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors under each blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout is used as the output.

[0071] Using the weighted average method, the risk index of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted under each blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout is calculated to reduce the risk index of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted to the surrounding environmental factors, and the optimal blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout are determined.

[0072] Specifically, the weighted average method is as follows:

[0073]

[0074] In the formula, ΔR represents the reduction value of the risk index of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted under the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout on the surrounding environmental factors. Let m be the risk index of the surrounding environmental factors for each blasting method of the underwater rock mass to be blasted under the v-th blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout, and m be the total number of surrounding environmental factors.

[0075] This scheme constructs a decision model for blasting methods and layout by combining the dynamic effect parameters of the blasting method with the parameters of the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offset layout using a decision tree model. By substituting the dynamic effect characteristic data of surrounding environmental factors, the information gain of the decision characteristics is calculated, and the environmental risk index of the blasting method under each layout is output. The weighted average method is used to calculate the risk reduction value and determine the optimal blasting method and layout. The beneficial effect is to effectively reduce the negative impact of underwater blasting on the surrounding environment.

[0076] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely principles of the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the claimed invention. The scope of protection claimed by the appended claims and their equivalents is defined.

Claims

1. A method for adjusting optimal blasting parameters based on the blastability level of rock mass, characterized in that, include: Based on the data of the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting effect of porous non-equally spaced rock mass funnels of various blasting levels in historical canals, a digital twin model of porous micro-differential blasting of different blasting levels in underwater was established. Acquire blasting engineering data of underwater rock mass to be blasted, perform correlation and matching of known blasting methods according to multi-dimensional data in the blasting engineering data, and initially screen several blasting methods that meet the requirements of underwater rock mass to be blasted; Based on the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and several blasting methods for the underwater rock mass to be blasted, the risk indicators of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors of concern are analyzed. Based on several blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods and the risk indicators of various blasting methods for underwater rock masses to be blasted for the surrounding environmental factors of concern, a decision model for blasting methods and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods is established to determine the optimal blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method. The optimal blasting parameters for the underwater rock mass to be blasted are generated by substituting the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method into the underwater multi-hole micro-differential blasting digital twin model of different blasting levels.

2. The method for adjusting optimal blasting parameters based on the blastability level of rock mass according to claim 1, characterized in that, Acquire blasting engineering data for underwater rock masses to be blasted, and perform correlation and matching of known blasting methods based on multi-dimensional data in the blasting engineering data to initially screen several blasting methods that meet the requirements of underwater rock masses to be blasted. These methods specifically include: Standardized processing of blasting engineering data based on underwater rock mass to be blasted; Principal component analysis was used to reduce the dimensionality of blasting engineering data and to divide and label the data according to each dimension to obtain multi-dimensional feature data of the underwater rock mass to be blasted; the multi-dimensional features include: rock mass geological features, hydrogeological features, and blasting environment features. Based on known blasting methods, the blasting parameters for each blasting method are determined, and the blasting characteristic data of the known blasting methods are obtained; A linear mapping is performed between the multi-dimensional feature data of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature data of the known blasting methods to obtain the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature vector of the known blasting methods. Using the cosine similarity formula, the matching degree between the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature vector of the known blasting methods is calculated for preliminary screening, and several blasting methods that meet the requirements of the underwater rock mass to be blasted are obtained.

3. The method for adjusting optimal blasting parameters based on the blastability level of rock mass according to claim 2, characterized in that, The cosine similarity formula is as follows: In the formula, sim(A,B) is the matching degree between the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and the blasting feature vector of the known blasting method, where A is the multi-dimensional feature vector of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and B is the blasting feature vector of the known blasting method.

4. The method for adjusting optimal blasting parameters based on the blastability level of rock mass according to claim 3, characterized in that, Based on the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted and several blasting methods, the risk indicators of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors are analyzed, including: A risk assessment model for surrounding environmental factors of blasting methods is established based on Logistic regression. Based on several blasting methods for underwater rock masses to be blasted, the dynamic effect parameters of each blasting method are determined; Based on the preference for the dynamic effect parameters of various blasting methods for the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, the characteristic data of the dynamic effect of the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted are determined; the surrounding environmental factors include: building factors and aquatic ecological factors; The risk assessment model for surrounding environmental factors based on blasting methods uses the characteristic data of the dynamic effects of surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted as input, calculates the maximum likelihood estimate of the dynamic effect parameters for the surrounding environmental factors, and uses the risk indicators of various blasting methods for the underwater rock mass to be blasted for the surrounding environmental factors as output.

5. The method for adjusting optimal blasting parameters based on the blastability level of rock mass according to claim 4, characterized in that, The specific environmental risk assessment model for the blasting method is as follows: In the formula, P ij X represents the risk index of the i-th blasting method for the j-th surrounding environmental impact factor in the underwater rock mass to be blasted. jk This refers to the k-th dynamic effect characteristic data of the j-th surrounding environmental factor affecting the underwater rock mass to be blasted. j βj represents the total number of dynamic effect characteristic data of the j-th surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, β0 is the intercept term, and βj is the total number of data. jk Let be the regression coefficient corresponding to the dynamic effect characteristic of the j-th surrounding environmental factor of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, and e be the natural logarithm.

6. The method for adjusting optimal blasting parameters based on the blastability level of rock mass according to claim 5, characterized in that, Based on several blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods and risk indicators of surrounding environmental factors for various blasting methods of underwater rock masses to be blasted, a decision model for blasting methods and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods is established to determine the optimal blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method, specifically including: Based on the decision tree, the dynamic effect parameters of each blasting method and the parameters of several blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout methods are used as the decision features of the branch nodes to establish decision trees for each underwater blasting method and build a decision model for blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout method. Based on the dynamic effect characteristic data of the surrounding environmental factors of the underwater rock mass to be blasted, the decision model of blasting mode and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout mode is substituted into the decision characteristics of the branch node to calculate the information gain of the risk index of each blasting mode of the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors. The risk index of each blasting mode of the underwater rock mass to be blasted on the surrounding environmental factors under each blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout is used as the output. Using the weighted average method, the risk index of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted under each blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout is calculated to reduce the risk index of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted to the surrounding environmental factors, thereby determining the optimal blasting method and blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout.

7. The method for adjusting optimal blasting parameters based on the blastability level of rock mass according to claim 6, characterized in that, The weighted average method is specifically as follows: In the formula, ΔR represents the reduction value of the risk index of each blasting method for the underwater rock mass to be blasted under the blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout on the surrounding environmental factors. Let m be the risk index of the surrounding environmental factors for each blasting method of the underwater rock mass to be blasted under the v-th blasting damping hole-bubble curtain offsetting layout, and m be the total number of surrounding environmental factors.

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