Device and method for measuring elements in water

Abstract

The invention relates to a spectrum technology, and particularly provides a device and a method for measuring elements in water, the measuring device comprises an enrichment unit and an analysis unit, the enrichment unit comprises a filter membrane and a first driving unit, and the first driving unit is used for driving the filter membrane to move; the pretreatment unit is used for treating a collected water sample and conveying the water sample to the sample chamber; the quantifying unit is used for quantifying the pretreated water sample and conveying the water sample to the atomizing unit; the heating unit is used for changing the atomized sample into solid particles; the first pipeline and the second pipeline are respectively arranged on the upper side and the lower side of the filter membrane, and the pump is communicated with the output end of the second pipeline; the second driving unit is used for driving the first pipeline and / or the second pipeline, so that the first pipeline and the second pipeline clamp or loosen the filter membrane; the cleaning unit is used for providing cleaning liquid, and the cleaning liquid after pipeline cleaning is conveyed to the atomization unit. The method has the advantages of accurate measurement and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to spectroscopic techniques, and more particularly to devices and methods for measuring elements in water. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, most technologies for detecting heavy metals in water remain at the laboratory stage. The most commonly used methods include atomic absorption spectrophotometry (AAS), inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectrometry (ICP-AES), inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS), chemical colorimetry, and anodic stripping voltammetry (ASV). The limitations of these methods are: Methods such as AAS, ICP-AES, and ICP-MS all require laboratory testing, which involves lengthy sample preparation and testing cycles, delayed results, high equipment and maintenance costs, and demanding skilled operators. Therefore, these technologies are not suitable for rapid detection and online monitoring of heavy metal pollutants in water.

[0003] 2. Chemical colorimetric methods are simple in principle and do not require special equipment; a general spectrophotometer can meet the requirements. Therefore, they are commonly used in online monitoring of heavy metals in water. However, this method has many shortcomings, such as low sensitivity, poor detection limit, weak elemental detection selectivity, susceptibility to interference from coexisting ions, and the fact that the colorimetric reagent sometimes responds to many metal ions, making it impossible to detect multiple heavy metals simultaneously. Furthermore, chemical reagents may cause secondary pollution, and this method cannot meet the requirements for detecting low-concentration groundwater and complex water samples.

[0004] 3. The ASV method enables rapid detection of very low concentrations of metals in samples, exhibiting good sensitivity and selectivity with a detection limit as low as μg / L. It can simultaneously detect multiple heavy metals such as lead, cadmium, and copper. However, this method has a complex detection mechanism, is highly sensitive, and has poorer repeatability than photometric methods. Furthermore, it requires advanced instrument maintenance, especially electrode polishing, which necessitates specialized training and extensive practical experience for maintenance personnel to master.

[0005] X-ray fluorescence spectrometry (XRF) is a non-destructive analytical technique, and energy-dispersive XRF can simultaneously measure dozens of elements. However, XRF cannot directly measure water samples; the metal elements in the water sample must be concentrated on a filter membrane before XRF measurement.

[0006] Currently used membrane filtration and drying technologies have limitations in element selectivity, making it impossible to measure the total composition of heavy metals, and also suffer from uneven element concentration distribution. Drying the filter membrane that has adsorbed water samples and then performing XRF elemental analysis can measure the total elemental composition, but the amount of water samples that can be adsorbed by the filter membrane is limited, and the concentration will still be uneven. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the shortcomings of the existing technical solutions, the present invention provides a water element measurement device.

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A water element measurement device includes an enrichment unit and an analysis unit. The enrichment unit includes a filter membrane and a first driving unit, the first driving unit being used to drive the filter membrane to move. The measurement device further includes: A pretreatment unit and a sample chamber, wherein the pretreatment unit is used to process the collected water samples and transport them to the sample chamber; A quantitative unit is used to quantify the pretreated water sample and deliver it to the atomization unit; Atomizing unit and heating unit, wherein the heating unit is used to turn the atomized sample into solid particles; A first pipe, a second pipe, and a pump are provided, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the filter membrane, and the pump is connected to the output end of the second pipe; The second driving unit is used to drive the first pipe and / or the second pipe, so that the first pipe and the second pipe clamp or release the filter membrane. A cleaning unit is provided to supply cleaning fluid, which is then transported to the atomizing unit after cleaning the pipeline.

[0009] Another objective of this invention is to provide a method for measuring elements in water, which is achieved through the following technical solution: A method for measuring elements in water, the method comprising the following steps: A1. The pretreated water sample enters the sample chamber, is quantified, and then transported to the atomization unit; A2. The atomized water sample is heated and turned into solid particles, which then enter the enrichment unit with the airflow; A3. The gas passes through the first pipe, the filter membrane, and the second pipe. The solid particles in the gas are trapped and enriched by the filter membrane clamped between the first pipe and the second pipe. A4. The filter membranes in the first and second pipes are loosened, and the filter membranes enriched with solid particles are moved to the analysis unit; A5. The cleaning solution provided by the cleaning unit cleans the pipeline and is then delivered to the atomizing unit, proceeding to step A2; A6. The analysis unit outputs the element content in the water sample based on the test results of the sample and cleaning solution.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention provides a method and apparatus for rapid detection and online monitoring of inorganic elements in water samples such as groundwater and river water, based on water sample atomization, drying, enrichment and other pretreatment techniques combined with X-ray fluorescence (XRF) technology.

[0011] Atomization and drying technology can transform water samples into solid particles, which are then enriched on the air filter membrane in the form of aerosols along with clean background gas. This solves the problems of incomplete adsorption caused by the selective adsorption of different elements by water filter membranes, uneven drying of liquid samples directly on the filter membrane, and the limitation of the total amount of water samples that can be directly adsorbed by the filter membrane.

[0012] This invention features simple operation and timely measurement, enabling rapid on-site detection and online monitoring of heavy metal elements in water. It solves the problems of complex operation, high cost, and time lag in laboratory testing techniques. At the same time, XRF technology also has the advantages of high sensitivity, low detection limit, and large linear range, and can simultaneously measure dozens of elements, including special elements such as Te and Tl.

[0013] Compared with colorimetric and electrochemical methods, it has significant advantages in terms of sensitivity, repeatability, and the types of elements that can be measured, and can meet the requirements of the latest measurement standards.

[0014] This invention allows for the adjustment of the amount of the test solution, atomization ratio, air extraction flow rate, enrichment time, and XRF excitation time based on the concentration range of metal elements in groundwater, thereby obtaining different measurement ranges and detection limit levels. Attached Figure Description

[0015] The disclosure of this invention will become more readily understood with reference to the accompanying drawings. It will be readily understood by those skilled in the art that these drawings are merely illustrative of the technical solutions of this invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of this invention. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the analyzer according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the analyzer according to Embodiment 3 of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the analyzer according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0016] In the attached diagram, 11-pretreatment unit, 12-ultrapure water container, 21-sample chamber, 31-first quantitative unit, 32-first flow meter, 33-second flow meter, 34-second quantitative unit, 35-third flow meter, 41-nebulization unit, 411-nebulizer, 412-nebulization chamber, 51-heating unit, 61-enrichment unit, 611-first pipeline, 612-second pipeline, 613-third pump, 614-filter membrane, 6141-sampling spot, 71-analysis unit, 72-second pump, 73-first pump, 81-waste container, 91-first switching module, 92-second switching module, 93-third switching module. Detailed Implementation

[0017] Figure 1-Figure 3 The following description illustrates optional embodiments of the invention to teach those skilled in the art how to implement and reproduce the invention. Some conventional aspects have been simplified or omitted to explain the technical solutions of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that variations or substitutions derived from these embodiments will be within the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the following features can be combined in various ways to form multiple variations of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not limited to the following optional embodiments, but is defined only by the claims and their equivalents.

[0018] Example 1.

[0019] The water element measuring device of the present invention, such as Figure 1 As shown, the device includes the following units.

[0020] The system includes an enrichment unit 61 and an analysis unit 71. The enrichment unit 61 includes a filter membrane 614 and a first driving unit, which drives the filter membrane 614 to move horizontally. The analysis unit 71 employs an XRF analyzer.

[0021] The pretreatment unit 11 is used to process the collected water sample and transport it to the sample chamber 21.

[0022] The first quantitative unit 31 is used to quantify the pretreated water sample and deliver it to the atomization unit 41.

[0023] Atomizing unit 41 and heating unit 51, wherein the heating unit 51 is used to turn the atomized sample into solid particles.

[0024] The first pipe 611, the second pipe 612, and the third pump 613 are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the filter membrane 614. The third pump 613 is connected to the output end of the second pipe and is used to draw atomized gas so that the gas passes through the first pipe 611, the filter membrane 614, and the second pipe 612.

[0025] The second driving unit is used to drive the first pipe 611 and / or the second pipe 612, so that the first pipe 611 and the second pipe 612 clamp or loosen the filter membrane.

[0026] A cleaning unit is provided to provide cleaning fluid, which is then transported to the atomizing unit 41 after cleaning the pipeline.

[0027] To obtain accurate detection results, the analysis unit 71 further outputs the concentration C of the i-th element in the j-th detection cycle. ij for: .

[0028] N is the number of detection cycles of analysis unit 71 between two adjacent cleaning cycles, j=1,2...N, X ij It is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane 614 during the j-th detection cycle, V 1j The quantitative volume of the water sample output by the first quantitative unit 31 in the j-th detection cycle is X. i ˊ S is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane 614 after cleaning the pipeline, and S is the area of ​​the sampling spot 6141 on the filter membrane 614.

[0029] To make the measurements more representative, further, such as Figure 2 As shown, the measuring device also includes a waste liquid container 81 and a conveying unit. The waste liquid container 81 is connected to the sample chamber 21 and the pipeline. The conveying unit is used to convey the water sample in the sample chamber 21 to the waste liquid container 81 when the filter membrane 614 moves, and to send the water sample accumulated in the waste liquid container 81 into the pipeline.

[0030] The average concentration C of the i-th element over M detection cycles i ˊ .

[0031] .

[0032] M is the number of detection cycles from the initial entry of water sample into waste liquid container 81 to the delivery of the sample to analysis unit 71 in atomization unit 41, and is an integer multiple of N. ik It is the concentration of the i-th element in the k-th detection period, k=1,2...M, V1k V1 is the volume of water sample entering the atomization unit 41 in the kth detection cycle, and V2 is the cumulative volume of waste liquid container 81 over M detection cycles; Y i Y is the areal density of the i-th element on filter membrane 614 during waste liquid measurement. i ˊ It is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane 614 after cleaning the waste liquid container and pipeline following waste liquid measurement.

[0033] To achieve continuous detection, further, such as Figure 3 As shown, the measuring device further includes: The first switching module 91 is used to selectively connect the outlet of the pretreatment unit 11 to two parallel sample chambers 21.

[0034] The second switching module 92 is used to selectively connect the two parallel sample chambers 21 of the atomizing unit 41.

[0035] To further improve the heating effect, the gas heated by the heating unit 51 is mixed with and atomized into a water sample.

[0036] The method for measuring elements in water according to an embodiment of the present invention includes the following steps: A1. The pretreated water sample enters the sample chamber 21, and after quantification, it is transported to the atomization unit 41.

[0037] A2. The atomized water sample is heated and turns into solid particles, which then enter the enrichment unit 61 with the airflow.

[0038] A3. The gas passes through the first pipe 611, the filter membrane 614 and the second pipe 612. The solid particles in the gas are intercepted and enriched by the filter membrane 614 clamped between the first pipe 611 and the second pipe 612.

[0039] A4. The first pipe 611 and the second pipe 612 loosen the filter membrane 614, and the filter membrane 614 enriched with solid particles moves to the analysis unit 71.

[0040] A5. After running several detection cycles according to the above scheme, the cleaning solution provided by the cleaning unit cleans the pipeline and then is delivered to the atomization unit 41, proceeding to step A2, where the analysis unit 71 detects the elements in the cleaning solution.

[0041] A6. Analysis unit 71 outputs the element content in the water sample based on the test results of the sample and cleaning solution.

[0042] To obtain accurate detection results, the analysis unit 71 further outputs the concentration C of the i-th element in the j-th detection cycle. ij for: .

[0043] N is the number of detection cycles of analysis unit 71 between two adjacent cleaning cycles, j=1,2...N, X ij It is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane 614 during the j-th detection cycle, V 1j The quantitative volume of the water sample output by the first quantitative unit 31 in the j-th detection cycle is X. i ˊ S is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane 614 after cleaning the pipeline, and S is the area of ​​the sampling spot 6141 on the filter membrane 614.

[0044] When measuring on-site water quality samples such as river water, groundwater, and sewage online, the sample chamber 21 receives samples from the first pump 73 on one side and delivers samples in real time to the atomization unit 41 and enrichment unit 61 via the second pump 72 on the other side. Atomization needs to be stopped when the filter membrane 614 is being moved. After the filter membrane 614 has finished moving, the structure must press the filter membrane 614 tightly before atomization can continue. If the first pump 73 stops injecting samples during this period, the water quality sample will not be measured in real time, resulting in poor sample representativeness. Furthermore, if... Figure 2 As shown, waste liquid container 81 is introduced, and during step A4 when the filter membrane 614 is moved, the water sample entering is sent to waste liquid container 81; the measurement method also includes the following steps: A7. After M testing cycles, the water sample accumulated in the waste liquid container 81 enters the atomization unit 41 through the pipeline, proceeds to step A2, executes steps A2-A6, tests the waste liquid, and then cleans the waste liquid container 81 and pipeline and tests the cleaning liquid.

[0045] The average concentration C of the i-th element over M detection cycles i ˊ ; ; M is the number of detection cycles from the initial entry of water sample into waste liquid container 81 to the delivery of the sample to analysis unit 71 in atomization unit 41, and is an integer multiple of N. ik It is the concentration of the i-th element in the k-th detection period, k=1,2...M, V 1k V1 is the volume of water sample entering the atomization unit 41 in the kth detection cycle, and V2 is the cumulative volume of waste liquid container 81 over M detection cycles; Y i Y is the areal density of the i-th element on filter membrane 614 during waste liquid measurement. i ˊ It is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane 614 after cleaning the waste liquid container 81 and pipeline following the waste liquid measurement.

[0046] Example 2.

[0047] Application examples of the water element measurement device and method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0048] In this application example, such as Figure 1 As shown, the pretreatment unit 11 uses a filter, and the filter, first pump 73, sample chamber 21, second pump 72, and first metering unit 31 (using a flow meter) are sequentially arranged on the pipeline. The cleaning unit includes an ultrapure water container 12 and a second metering unit 34 (using a flow meter). The outlet of the second metering unit 34 is connected to a third switching module 93 (using a two-position three-way solenoid valve). The third switching module 93 is located on the pipeline between the first pump 73 and the sample chamber 21. When switching, the sample chamber 21 selectively receives water samples and cleaning solution (ultrapure water).

[0049] The atomizing unit 41 includes an atomizer 411 and an atomizing chamber 412. The cleaning gas is divided into two paths: one path passes through the first flow meter 32 and enters the atomizer 411, while the other path passes through the second flow meter 33 and the heating unit 51 in sequence and enters the atomizing chamber 412, thereby heating the atomized water sample and generating solid particles.

[0050] The enrichment unit 61 includes a first pipe 611, a filter membrane 614, a second pipe 612, a third flow meter 35, and a third pump 613. A first drive unit drives the filter membrane 614 to translate, and a second drive unit drives the first pipe 611 to move vertically up and down, causing the first pipe 611 and the second pipe 612 to clamp or loosen the filter membrane 614. By adjusting the operating parameters of the third pump 613, the flow rate output by the third flow meter 35 is made equal to the sum of the flow rates output by the first flow meter 32 and the second flow meter 33.

[0051] The analysis unit 71 uses an XRF analyzer and is located on the upper side of the filter membrane 614.

[0052] The water element analysis method based on the measuring device of this embodiment includes the following steps: A1. The third switching module 93 switches to sampling mode.

[0053] Under the suction of the first pump 73, the water sample that has passed through the filter enters the sample chamber 21.

[0054] Under the suction of the second pump 72, the water sample in the sample chamber 21 is quantified by the first quantitative unit 31 and then transported to the atomization unit 41.

[0055] A2. Clean gas enters the atomizer 411, and the water sample is atomized; at the same time, the clean gas is heated by the heating unit 51, and then enters the atomization chamber 412, where the atomized water sample is heated and turns into solid particles.

[0056] A3. Under the suction of the third pump 613, the gas in the atomizing chamber 412 passes through the first pipe 611, the filter membrane 614 and the second pipe 612. The solid particles in the gas are intercepted and enriched by the filter membrane 614 (clamped by the first pipe 611 and the second pipe 612).

[0057] A4. The second pump 72 and the third pump 613 stop working, the second drive unit drives the first pipe 611 to move upward, the first pipe 611 and the second pipe 612 release the filter membrane 614, the first drive unit drives the filter membrane 614 enriched with solid particles to move to the analysis unit 71, and the analysis unit 71 outputs the areal density of the elements in the sampling spot 6141 on the filter membrane 614.

[0058] A5. After running N detection cycles according to the above scheme, the third switching module 93 switches, and the ultrapure water passes through the second quantitative unit 34, the third switching module 93, the sample chamber 21, the second pump 72 and the first quantitative unit 31 in sequence, and then enters the atomization unit 41. Steps A2-A4 are executed, and the analysis unit 71 detects the elements in the cleaning solution to obtain the areal density of the elements in the sampling spot 6141 on the filter membrane 614.

[0059] A6. Analytical unit 71 outputs the elemental content in the water sample based on the detection results of the sample and cleaning solution, specifically: The concentration C of the i-th element in the j-th detection period ij (Unit: mg / L) is: .

[0060] N is the number of detection cycles of analysis unit 71 between two adjacent cleaning cycles, j=1,2...N, X ij It is the areal density (unit: mg / cm³) of the i-th element on the filter membrane 614 during the j-th detection cycle. 2 V 1j The quantitative volume (in L) of the water sample output by the first quantitative unit 31 in the j-th detection cycle, X i ˊ It is the areal density (unit: mg / cm³) of the i-th element on the filter membrane 614 after cleaning the pipeline. 2 S is the area of ​​sampling spot 6141 on filter membrane 614 (unit: cm²). 2 ).

[0061] The specific parameters for this embodiment are as follows: N=10, S=1cm 2 The element is Cd.

[0062] Other data are shown in Table 1.

[0063] Table 1 shows the various test data and element concentrations.

[0064] .

[0065] Example 3.

[0066] An application example of the water element measurement device and method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention differs from that in Embodiment 2 in that: like Figure 2 As shown, a waste liquid container 81 and a conveying unit are also provided. The waste liquid container 81 is connected to the cleaning unit and the pipeline (connected to the sample chamber 21) via a two-position three-way solenoid valve. The conveying unit is used to convey the water sample in the sample chamber 21 to the waste liquid container 81 when the filter membrane 614 moves, and to send the water sample accumulated in the waste liquid container 81 into the pipeline.

[0067] The water element analysis method based on the measuring device of this embodiment includes the following steps: A1. The third switching module 93 switches to sampling mode.

[0068] Under the suction of the first pump 73, the water sample that has passed through the filter enters the sample chamber 21.

[0069] Under the suction of the second pump 72, the water sample in the sample chamber 21 is quantified by the first quantitative unit 31 and then transported to the atomization unit 41.

[0070] A2. Clean gas enters the atomizer 411, and the water sample is atomized; at the same time, the clean gas is heated by the heating unit 51, and then enters the atomization chamber 412, where the atomized water sample is heated and turns into solid particles.

[0071] A3. Under the suction of the third pump 613, the gas in the atomizing chamber 412 passes through the first pipe 611, the filter membrane 614 and the second pipe 612. The solid particles in the gas are intercepted and enriched by the filter membrane 614 (clamped by the first pipe 611 and the second pipe 612).

[0072] A4. The second pump 72 and the third pump 613 stop working. The second drive unit drives the first pipe 611 to move upward. The first pipe 611 and the second pipe 612 release the filter membrane 614. The first drive unit drives the filter membrane 614, which is enriched with solid particles, to move to the analysis unit 71. The analysis unit 71 outputs the areal density of the elements in the sampling spot 6141 on the filter membrane 614. The water sample in the sample chamber 21 enters the waste liquid container 81.

[0073] A5. After running N detection cycles according to the above scheme, the third switching module 93 switches, and the ultrapure water passes through the second quantitative unit 34, the third switching module 93, the sample chamber 21, the second pump 72 and the first quantitative unit 31 in sequence, and then enters the atomization unit 41. Steps A2-A4 are executed, and the analysis unit 71 detects the elements in the cleaning solution to obtain the areal density of the elements in the sampling spot 6141 on the filter membrane 614.

[0074] A6. Analytical unit 71 outputs the elemental content in the water sample based on the detection results of the sample and cleaning solution, specifically: The concentration C of the i-th element in the j-th detection period ij (Unit: mg / L) is: .

[0075] N is the number of detection cycles of analysis unit 71 between two adjacent cleaning cycles, j=1,2...N, X ij It is the areal density (unit: mg / cm³) of the i-th element on the filter membrane 614 during the j-th detection cycle. 2 V 1j The quantitative volume (in L) of the water sample output by the first quantitative unit 31 in the j-th detection cycle, X i ˊ It is the areal density (unit: mg / cm³) of the i-th element on the filter membrane 614 after cleaning the pipeline. 2 S is the area of ​​sampling spot 6141 on filter membrane 614 (unit: cm²). 2 ).

[0076] A7. After M detection cycles, the water sample accumulated in the waste liquid container 81 enters the atomization unit 41 through the pipeline, proceeding to step A2. According to steps A2-A4, the analysis unit 71 outputs the areal density Y of the i-th element in the sampling spot 6141 on the filter membrane 614. i .

[0077] According to step A5, ultrapure water enters the waste liquid container 81 and pipeline, and then undergoes atomization, heating, enrichment and analysis. The analysis unit 71 outputs the areal density Y of the i-th element in the sampling spot 6141 on the filter membrane 614. i ˊ .

[0078] The average concentration C of the i-th element over M detection cycles i ˊ (Unit: mg / L); ; M is the number of detection cycles from the initial entry of water sample into waste liquid container 81 to the delivery of the sample to analysis unit 71 in atomization unit 41, and is an integer multiple of N. ikIt is the concentration of the i-th element in the k-th detection period, k=1,2...M, V 1k V1 is the volume of water sample entering the atomization unit 41 in the kth detection cycle, and V2 is the cumulative volume of water sample in the waste liquid container 81 within M detection cycles.

[0079] The specific parameters for this embodiment are as follows: N=10, M=20, S=1cm 2 V2 = 0.081L, the element is Cd.

[0080] Other data are shown in Table 2 (V) 1j With V 1k , C ij With C ik The only difference is the corresponding period number; it's actually the same quantity.

[0081] Table 2 shows the various test data and element concentrations.

[0082] .

[0083] Using the above data, the average concentration of element Cd was found to be 0.016776 mg / L for the first k=1-20 and 0.016655 mg / L for the second k=1-20.

[0084] In this embodiment, when j=1 and k=1 for the first time, water samples from the sample chamber 21 begin to be collected in the waste liquid container 81. When j=10 and k=10, after the water sample testing is completed, the sample chamber 21 and pipeline are cleaned and tested again. This process continues until the second time j=10 and k=20, after the water sample testing is completed, the sample chamber 21 and pipeline are cleaned and tested again. After that, the waste liquid collected in the waste liquid container 81 is sent downstream for testing. Finally, the waste liquid container 81 and pipeline are cleaned and tested again. That is, the process involves 10 water sample tests, cleaning (sample chamber 21 and pipeline) and testing, 10 water sample tests, cleaning (sample chamber 21 and pipeline) and testing, waste liquid testing, and cleaning (waste liquid container 81 and pipeline) and testing again.

[0085] Example 4.

[0086] An application example of the water element measurement device and method according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention differs from that in Embodiment 2 in that: like Figure 3 As shown, the first switching module 91 is used to selectively connect the outlet of the pretreatment unit 11 to the two sample chambers 21, and the second switching module 92 is used to selectively connect the atomizing unit 41 to the two sample chambers 21.

[0087] During operation, while one sample chamber 21 receives a water sample, the water sample in the other sample chamber 21 is sent downstream for atomization, enrichment, and analysis, thus achieving continuous measurement.

Claims

1. A water element measuring device, comprising an enrichment unit and an analysis unit, wherein the enrichment unit includes a filter membrane and a first driving unit, the first driving unit being used to drive the filter membrane to move; characterized in that, The measuring device further includes: A pretreatment unit and a sample chamber, wherein the pretreatment unit is used to process the collected water samples and transport them to the sample chamber; A quantitative unit is used to quantify the pretreated water sample and deliver it to the atomization unit; Atomizing unit and heating unit, wherein the heating unit is used to turn the atomized sample into solid particles; A first pipe, a second pipe, and a pump are provided, wherein the first pipe and the second pipe are respectively disposed on the upper and lower sides of the filter membrane, and the pump is connected to the output end of the second pipe; The second driving unit is used to drive the first pipe and / or the second pipe, so that the first pipe and the second pipe clamp or release the filter membrane. A cleaning unit is provided to supply cleaning fluid, which is then transported to the atomizing unit after cleaning the pipeline.

2. The measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration C of the i-th element output by the analysis unit in the j-th detection cycle ij for: ； N is the number of detection cycles of the analysis unit between two consecutive cleaning cycles, j=1,2...N, X ij V is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane during the j-th detection cycle. 1j X is the quantitative volume of water sample output by the quantitative unit in the j-th detection cycle. i ˊ S is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane after cleaning the pipeline, and S is the area of ​​the sampling spot on the filter membrane.

3. The measuring device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The measuring device also includes a waste liquid container and a conveying unit. The waste liquid container is connected to the sample chamber and the pipeline. The conveying unit is used to convey the water sample in the sample chamber to the waste liquid container when the filter membrane moves, and to send the water sample accumulated in the waste liquid container into the pipeline. The average concentration C of the i-th element over M detection cycles i ˊ ; ； M is the number of detection cycles from the initial entry of the waste liquid container into the water sample to the analysis unit between the atomization and other units, and it is an integer multiple of N. ik It is the concentration of the i-th element in the k-th detection period, k=1,2...M, V 1k V1 is the volume of water sample entering the atomization unit in the kth detection cycle, and V2 is the cumulative volume of the waste liquid container over M detection cycles; Y i Y is the surface density of the i-th element on the filter membrane during waste liquid measurement. i ˊ It is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane after the waste liquid is measured and the cleaning liquid is detected.

4. The measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The analysis unit employs an XRF analyzer.

5. The measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The measuring device further includes: A first switching module is configured to selectively connect the outlet of the pretreatment unit to a first sample chamber and a second sample chamber. The second switching module is used to selectively connect the atomizing unit to the first sample chamber and the second sample chamber.

6. The measuring device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water sample is obtained by mixing and atomizing the gas after being heated by the heating unit.

7. A method for measuring elements in water, characterized in that, The measurement method includes the following steps: A1. The pretreated water sample enters the sample chamber, is quantified, and then transported to the atomization unit; A2. The atomized water sample is heated and turned into solid particles, which then enter the enrichment unit with the airflow; A3. The gas passes through the first pipe, the filter membrane, and the second pipe. The solid particles in the gas are trapped and enriched by the filter membrane clamped between the first pipe and the second pipe. A4. The filter membranes in the first and second pipes are loosened, and the filter membranes enriched with solid particles are moved to the analysis unit; A5. The cleaning solution provided by the cleaning unit cleans the pipeline and is then delivered to the atomizing unit, proceeding to step A2; A6. The analysis unit outputs the element content in the water sample based on the test results of the sample and cleaning solution.

8. The measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The concentration C of the i-th element output by the analysis unit in the j-th detection cycle ij for: ； N is the number of detection cycles of the analysis unit between two consecutive cleaning cycles, j=1,2...N, X ij V is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane during the j-th detection cycle. 1j X is the quantitative volume of the water sample output by the quantitative unit in the j-th detection cycle. i ˊ S is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane after cleaning the pipeline, and S is the area of ​​the sampling spot on the filter membrane.

9. The measurement method according to claim 8, characterized in that, In step A4, the water sample from the sample chamber is transferred to the waste liquid container; the measurement method further includes the following steps: A7. After M detection cycles, the water sample accumulated in the waste liquid container enters the atomization unit through the pipeline, proceeds to step A2, and executes steps A2-A6; The average concentration C of the i-th element over M detection cycles i ˊ ; ； M is the number of detection cycles from the initial entry of the waste liquid container into the water sample to the analysis unit between the atomization and other units, and it is an integer multiple of N. ik It is the concentration of the i-th element in the k-th detection period, k=1,2...M, V 1k V1 is the volume of water sample entering the atomization unit in the kth detection cycle, and V2 is the cumulative volume of the waste liquid container over M detection cycles; Y i Y is the surface density of the i-th element on the filter membrane during waste liquid measurement. i ˊ It is the areal density of the i-th element on the filter membrane after the waste liquid is measured and the cleaning liquid is detected.

10. The measurement method according to claim 7, characterized in that, The analysis unit employs an XRF analyzer.

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