Battery pack shell assembly and battery pack

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of batteries, in particular to a battery pack shell assembly and a battery pack, the battery pack shell assembly comprises an upper box body and a lower box body, the upper side of the upper box body is provided with a thin-wall area, the thin-wall area is provided with a pressure relief pipe orifice, the outer side of the pressure relief pipe orifice is provided with a rupture disk, and the outer side of the pressure relief pipe orifice is further connected with a flow guide mechanism; and a heat treatment mechanism is arranged in the flow guide mechanism. By arranging the flow guide mechanism and the heat treatment mechanism, when the battery pack is subjected to thermal runaway, the flow direction of high-pressure gas and flame can be forcibly changed through the flow guide mechanism, the high-pressure gas and flame are prevented from being sprayed to a sensitive area, on one hand, the safety of vehicles and personnel is guaranteed, and on the other hand, the flow path of fluid is increased, so that the flow speed and the harmfulness are reduced; and meanwhile, large flame particles are cut and dispersed through the heat treatment mechanism, the spraying speed of flames is further reduced, and therefore harm of the flames is reduced, finally exhausted gas is low-temperature open-fire-free gas, and the safety of vehicles and personnel is effectively guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery technology, specifically to a battery pack housing assembly and a battery pack. Background Technology

[0002] With the booming development of new energy vehicles and energy storage industries, the safety performance of lithium-ion battery packs, as the core power source in these fields, has become a focus of industry attention. In practical applications, lithium-ion battery packs may encounter various abnormal operating conditions such as internal short circuits, overcharging, and mechanical impacts, which can easily induce thermal runaway. Once thermal runaway occurs, a violent chemical reaction will occur inside the cell, releasing a large amount of high-temperature flammable gas in a very short time, accompanied by an open flame. The thermal runaway of a single cell can cause the internal pressure of the battery pack to rise sharply to over 0.5 MPa within seconds. If pressure relief is not carried out in a timely and effective manner, it may lead to the battery pack casing rupture, or even a secondary explosion and other catastrophic consequences.

[0003] To address the pressure relief protection issue in battery pack thermal runaway, various technical solutions exist in the industry, such as pre-marked explosion-proof valves, which release pressure through directional rupture in weak areas of the casing. However, such structures suffer from large dispersion in critical rupture pressure and delayed response, making them prone to casing rupture due to untimely pressure release. While using high-strength sealed casings can temporarily maintain the integrity of the battery pack structure, it exacerbates internal pressure buildup, leading to more severe deflagration. Furthermore, although some porous casing structures can improve the pressure relief rate, their open pore design creates continuous flame jet channels, making them susceptible to igniting adjacent battery modules and surrounding equipment.

[0004] To address this, a battery pack housing assembly and a battery pack are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide a battery pack casing assembly and a battery pack, which solves the problem that the battery pack cannot be depressurized in time during thermal runaway, resulting in open flames, which damages the battery pack and endangers personnel safety. By using a flow guiding mechanism to forcibly change the flow direction of high-pressure gas and flame and slow down their flow rate, the flames are prevented from spraying towards sensitive areas. At the same time, with the cooperation of the heat treatment mechanism, the flame particles are cut and dispersed and their temperature is reduced, and finally low-temperature, flameless gas is discharged, thus improving safety.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] A battery pack housing assembly includes an upper housing and a lower housing. The upper housing has a thin-walled area on its upper side, and a pressure relief port is provided in the thin-walled area. A rupture disc is provided on the outside of the pressure relief port, and a flow guiding mechanism is also connected to the outside of the pressure relief port. The flow guiding mechanism has a heat treatment mechanism inside. When the pressure between the upper housing and the lower housing exceeds a threshold, the rupture disc ruptures, and high-pressure gas carrying a flame enters the flow guiding mechanism. The flow guiding mechanism guides the flow of gas and flame and cools them down. At the same time, the heat treatment mechanism cuts and disperses large flame particles and reduces their flow rate. Finally, low-temperature, flameless gas is discharged from the bottom of the flow guiding mechanism.

[0008] Traditional solutions typically place the rupture disc inside the pressure relief pipe opening, within the upper and lower housings. When thermal runaway causes the rupture disc to rupture, it usually needs to be replaced. Placing it inside requires disassembling the upper and lower housings, which is inconvenient and inefficient. The proposed solution installs the rupture disc outside the pressure relief pipe opening, allowing for easy removal and replacement after use, thus improving efficiency. Furthermore, in the event of thermal runaway, high-pressure gas and flames will be ejected from the pressure relief pipe opening. The flow guiding mechanism in this solution can forcibly change the flow direction of the high-pressure gas and flames, preventing them from spraying towards sensitive areas and ensuring driving safety. Simultaneously, the flow guiding mechanism, in conjunction with the heat treatment mechanism, can cut and disperse large flame particles, reducing their hazard, and cool them during their flow, ultimately releasing low-temperature, flameless gas, effectively ensuring the safety of the vehicle and personnel.

[0009] Preferably, the pressure relief pipe port has multiple slots on its upper side, and a threaded pipe is provided on the outer side of the pressure relief pipe port. The bottom of the threaded pipe is fixed to the upper housing. The flow guiding mechanism includes a flow guiding pipe, a rod, and a locking ring. The flow guiding pipe is connected to the pressure relief pipe port, the rod is connected to the flow guiding pipe and cooperates with the slots, the locking ring is sleeved on the outer side of the flow guiding pipe, the inner ring of the locking ring has an internal thread, the bottom of the flow guiding pipe near the pressure relief pipe port has a protrusion, the bottom of the protrusion is provided with sealing cotton, the outer diameter of the protrusion is larger than the outer diameter of the flow guiding pipe, and the inner wall of the locking ring has a limiting block that cooperates with it.

[0010] With the above solution, the guide tube is connected to the pressure relief pipe through a plug-in and threaded connection, which not only improves the stability of the connection but also the convenience of disassembly and assembly, thereby improving the replacement efficiency. At the same time, the sealing cotton at the bottom of the protrusion ensures the airtightness between the guide tube and the pressure relief pipe, ensuring the safety of the equipment.

[0011] Preferably, the guide tube is made of a high thermal conductivity metal and its inner wall is coated with a high temperature resistant ceramic coating. The guide tube is divided into a straight tube and a curved tube. The straight tube is divided into a vertical section and a horizontal section. The heat treatment mechanism is set in the vertical section of the straight tube.

[0012] The above solution uses a straight pipe to forcibly guide the high-pressure gas and flame ejected from the pressure relief pipe to a designated area, and utilizes its high thermal conductivity to cool the internal gas and flame without the need for external energy. Although this solution uses a guide pipe to change the flow direction of the gas and flame to avoid harming vehicles and personnel, the high velocity and pressure of the gas and flame just discharged from the pressure relief pipe can inevitably affect the service life of the guide pipe if it directly impacts the connection between the vertical and horizontal sections of the straight pipe. Therefore, this solution places the heat treatment mechanism in the vertical section of the straight pipe to treat the gas and flame ejected from the pressure relief pipe, thereby ensuring the service life of the guide pipe.

[0013] Preferably, the overall shape of the bend is an Archimedean spiral structure, and its overall diameter gradually increases from top to bottom.

[0014] First, the "flame" ejected during thermal runaway is not simply gaseous combustion, but a mixture of high-temperature gas, solid particles, and droplets. Solid particles and droplets are the primary carriers igniting the surrounding environment, thus possessing volume and mass and being affected by centrifugal force. In the aforementioned scheme, because the bend is spiral-shaped, when the mixed fluid (gas and particles) flows at high speed along the spiral bend, the fluid is forced to constantly change direction. Since solid particles or droplets have greater mass, their inertia is stronger, and they tend to maintain their original direction of motion. Gas molecules, with smaller mass, are more likely to change direction with the flow path. At this point, solid particles are pushed against the inner wall of the bend by centrifugal force, separating from the gas. Simultaneously, solid particles lose kinetic energy after impacting the inner wall and deposit on the channel surface, eventually being discharged from the bottom of the bend by the purified gas (containing only a small number of tiny particles). Furthermore, the bend shape in this scheme is designed with reference to the Archimedean spiral, ensuring a smooth airflow transition and stability during operation. This shape also prevents external foreign objects from entering the battery pack, increasing safety.

[0015] Preferably, the diameter of the bent tube gradually increases from top to bottom, and the opening at its bottom faces vertically downward.

[0016] The above solution allows the change in the diameter of the bend to slow down the flow rate of the fluid inside, thereby reducing its harmfulness; setting its opening downwards allows the exhaust gas to be discharged towards the ground, preventing it from spraying into sensitive areas and affecting the safety of vehicles and personnel.

[0017] Preferably, the vertical section of the straight pipe has multiple mounting slots; the heat treatment mechanism includes a mounting frame, a fixing plate, a fixing ring, and a wire mesh. The mounting frame is disposed inside the vertical section of the straight pipe, the fixing plate is connected to the outside of the mounting frame, the fixing ring is connected to the mounting frame, and the wire mesh is connected to the fixing ring. The wire mesh has multiple layers, and the aperture of each layer of wire mesh gradually decreases from bottom to top. A filling layer is disposed between every two layers of wire mesh, and the filling layer is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber cotton.

[0018] The above solution utilizes a fixing plate and bolts to connect the fixing ring and the guide pipe, making it easy to assemble and disassemble and improving work efficiency. In addition, by setting up multiple layers of wire mesh with gradually decreasing apertures, when the fluid ejected from the pressure relief pipe passes through the wire mesh, large flame particles are cut and dispersed by the wire mesh. At the same time, the filling layer located between the multiple layers of wire mesh absorbs residual fire and further cools it. Furthermore, the combination of the wire mesh and the filling layer can also reduce the fluid flow rate, thereby reducing the hazards of high-pressure gas and flames.

[0019] A battery pack includes the aforementioned battery pack housing assembly, and includes an air-cooling mechanism and multiple battery modules, wherein the air-cooling mechanism and the battery modules are both connected inside the lower housing, and the air-cooling mechanism is located inside the lower housing on the side away from the pressure relief port.

[0020] By setting the pressure relief port on the side away from the air-cooling mechanism (i.e., downwind of the gas circulation inside the battery pack), the high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway in the battery pack can be more easily discharged from the pressure relief port along the gas circulation, thereby avoiding affecting other components inside the battery pack and improving safety.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0022] 1. This invention, by setting up a flow guiding mechanism and a heat treatment mechanism, can forcibly change the flow direction of high-pressure gas and flame when thermal runaway occurs in the battery pack, preventing them from spraying towards sensitive areas. This ensures the safety of vehicles and personnel on the one hand, and increases the flow path of the fluid, thereby reducing its flow velocity and thus reducing its hazard. At the same time, the heat treatment mechanism cuts and disperses large flame particles and further reduces the flame jet speed, thereby reducing its hazard. The final discharged gas is a low-temperature, flameless gas, effectively ensuring the safety of vehicles and personnel.

[0023] 2. This invention divides the guide pipe into a straight pipe and a curved pipe. On the one hand, the straight pipe forces the fluid ejected from the pressure relief port to a designated location, thereby preventing the flame from spraying into sensitive areas and thus avoiding injury to vehicles and personnel. The heat treatment mechanism is located inside the vertical section of the straight pipe, thereby preventing high-temperature and high-pressure gas from directly impacting the connection between the vertical and horizontal sections of the straight pipe, ensuring the service life of the guide pipe. On the other hand, the curved pipe provides centrifugal force during fluid movement, causing solid particles in the fluid to separate from the gas. The solid particles settle under the friction of the pipe wall, resulting in the final discharged gas being a low-temperature, flameless gas containing only a small number of tiny particles, ensuring the safety of vehicles and personnel.

[0024] 3. By setting up a wire mesh and a filling layer, the large flame particles ejected from the pressure relief pipe are cut and dispersed by the wire mesh, and the filling layer between the wire mesh absorbs the residual fire and further cools it. At the same time, the kinetic energy is gradually reduced under the combined action of the wire mesh and the filling layer, thereby slowing down the flow rate of gas and flame, thus reducing the hazards caused by thermal runaway, and ensuring the safety of vehicles and personnel. Attached Figure Description

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure relief pipe of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rupture disc of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the flow guiding mechanism and heat treatment mechanism of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the flow guiding mechanism and the pressure relief pipe port of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 6 This is a top projection view of the bent pipe of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation location of the heat treatment mechanism of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 8 This is a partial cross-sectional view of the heat treatment mechanism of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the battery pack structure of the present invention.

[0034] In the diagram: a) Thin-walled area; b) Vertical section; c) Horizontal section; 1) Upper housing; 2) Lower housing; 3) Pressure relief port; 4) Rupture disc; 5) Flow guiding mechanism; 501) Flow guiding pipe; 5011) Straight pipe; 5012) Bend; 502) Insert rod; 503) Locking ring; 504) Internal thread; 505) Protruding edge; 506) Limiting block; 6) Heat treatment mechanism; 601) Mounting bracket; 602) Fixing plate; 603) Fixing ring; 604) Wire mesh; 605) Filling layer; 7) Slot; 8) Threaded pipe; 9) Mounting groove; 10) Air cooling mechanism; 11) Battery module. Detailed Implementation

[0035] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0036] Please see Figures 1 to 9 This invention provides a battery pack housing assembly and a battery pack, the technical solution of which is as follows:

[0037] For details, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 , Figure 4 and Figure 9 A battery pack includes the aforementioned battery pack housing assembly, which includes an upper housing 1 and a lower housing 2. The upper housing 1 has a thin-walled area a on its upper side. Since the upper housing 1 is usually a non-load-bearing area, placing the thin-walled area a on the upper housing 1 has little impact on the overall structural strength. The thin-walled area a has a pressure relief port 3, and a rupture disc 4 is provided on the outside of the pressure relief port 3. The rupture disc 4 plays a sealing role under normal conditions, but when thermal runaway generates high-pressure gas, it will rupture, and the high-pressure gas inside the battery pack will be discharged from the pressure relief port 3. Installing the rupture disc 4 on the outside of the pressure relief port 3 makes it easy to remove and replace after use, thus improving work efficiency.

[0038] A flow guiding mechanism 5 can also be detachably connected to the outside of the pressure relief port 3. The flow guiding mechanism 5 is equipped with a heat treatment mechanism 6. When high-pressure gas carrying flame enters the flow guiding mechanism 5, the flow guiding mechanism 5 can forcibly change the flow direction of the high-pressure gas and flame to prevent it from spraying towards sensitive areas and ensure driving safety. At the same time, with the cooperation of the flow guiding mechanism 5 and the heat treatment mechanism 6, large flame particles can be cut and dispersed to reduce their harmfulness, and the flow process can be cooled down to finally discharge low-temperature flameless gas, effectively ensuring the safety of vehicles and personnel.

[0039] The battery pack also includes an air-cooling mechanism 10 and multiple battery modules 11. The air-cooling mechanism 10 and the battery modules 11 are both connected inside the lower housing 2. The air-cooling mechanism 10 is located on the side of the lower housing 2 away from the pressure relief port 3, that is, downwind of the gas circulation inside the battery pack. This makes it easier for the high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway in the battery pack to be discharged from the pressure relief port 3 along the gas circulation, thereby avoiding affecting other components inside the battery pack and improving the safety of use.

[0040] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 3 to 6 The pressure relief port 3 has multiple slots 7 on its upper side, each slot 7 being cylindrical. A threaded tube 8 is provided on the outer side of the pressure relief port 3, with its bottom fixed to the upper housing 1. The outer diameter of the threaded tube 8 is larger than the outer diameter of the guide tube 501. The guide mechanism 5 includes a guide tube 501, a rod 502, and a locking ring 503. The guide tube 501 is connected to the pressure relief port 3, the rod 502 is connected to the guide tube 501 and engages with the slots 7, and the locking ring 503 is fitted onto the outer side of the guide tube 501. The inner ring of the locking ring 503 has an internal thread 504. The bottom of the guide tube 501 near the pressure relief port 3 has a protruding edge 505. During installation, the rod 502 at the bottom of the guide tube 501 is first inserted. The guide tube 501 is inserted into the slot 7 inside the pressure relief port 3, and then the protrusion 505 is pressed against the upper side of the threaded tube 8. At this time, the locking ring 503 is rotated and moved downward, so that the internal thread 504 of the locking ring 503 engages with the threaded tube 8, thereby fixing the guide tube 501 on the pressure relief port 3. The connection with the pressure relief port 3 by insertion and thread engagement not only improves the stability of the connection, but also improves the convenience of disassembly and assembly, thereby improving the replacement efficiency. The bottom of the protrusion 505 is provided with sealing cotton, which can ensure the airtightness between the guide tube 501 and the pressure relief port 3, thereby ensuring the safety of equipment use. The outer diameter of the protrusion 505 is larger than the outer diameter of the guide tube 501, and the inner wall of the locking ring 503 is provided with a limiting block 506 that engages with it.

[0041] The guide tube 501 is made of aluminum alloy 6061, which has high thermal conductivity and can conduct heat to cool the internal gas without external energy. Its inner wall is coated with a high-temperature resistant ceramic coating (such as aluminum oxide), which can effectively prevent particle adhesion.

[0042] The guide pipe 501 is divided into a straight pipe 5011 and a bend pipe 5012. The straight pipe 5011 is divided into a vertical section b and a horizontal section c. The heat treatment mechanism 6 is installed in the vertical section b of the straight pipe 5011 to treat the gas and flame ejected from the pressure relief port 3, thereby ensuring the service life of the guide pipe 501.

[0043] The bend 5012 has an Archimedean spiral structure, with its diameter gradually increasing from top to bottom. When the fluid flows at high speed along the bend 5012, it is forced to continuously change direction. At this time, solid particles are pushed against the inner wall of the bend 5012 by centrifugal force, separating from the gas. Simultaneously, the solid particles lose kinetic energy after impacting the inner wall of the bend 5012 and are deposited on the surface of the channel. The shape of the bend 5012 ensures a smooth transition of airflow, guaranteeing its stability during operation. The gradually increasing aperture of the bend 5012 from top to bottom slows down the flow rate of the fluid inside, thereby reducing its harmfulness. Furthermore, the opening at the bottom is vertically downward, preventing it from spraying into sensitive areas and affecting the safety of vehicles and personnel.

[0044] As one embodiment of the present invention, refer to Figures 7 to 8 The vertical section b of the straight pipe 5011 has multiple mounting slots 9. The heat treatment mechanism 6 includes a mounting frame 601, a fixing plate 602, a fixing ring 603, and a wire mesh 604. The mounting frame 601 is installed inside the straight pipe 5011 in the vertical section b. The fixing plate 602 is connected to the outside of the mounting frame 601 and is used to connect bolts. That is, the fixing plate 602 can be used in conjunction with bolts to connect the fixing ring 603 to the guide pipe 501, making it easy to disassemble and assemble and improving work efficiency. The fixing ring 603 and the mounting frame... Connected to 601, the wire mesh 604 is connected to the fixing ring 603. The wire mesh 604 is provided in multiple layers, and the aperture of each layer of wire mesh 604 gradually decreases from bottom to top, which can cut and disperse the passing flame. At the same time, a filling layer 605 is provided between every two layers of wire mesh 604. The filling layer 605 is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber cotton, which can absorb residual fire and further cool it. In addition, the combination of wire mesh 604 and filling layer 605 can also reduce the flow rate of fluid, thereby reducing the hazards of high-pressure gas and flame.

[0045] The specific working principle is as follows: When thermal runaway occurs inside the battery pack and high-pressure gas and flames are generated, the mixed fluid will break through the restriction of the rupture disc 4 and spray out from the pressure relief port 3. In order to avoid the high temperature and high pressure fluid from affecting the safety of vehicles and personnel, this solution uses the flow guiding mechanism 5 to forcibly change the flow direction of the fluid. At the same time, with the cooperation of the heat treatment mechanism 6, the high temperature and high pressure fluid is cooled and rendered harmless, thereby improving the safety of the equipment.

[0046] Specifically, the high-temperature and high-pressure gas generated by thermal runaway causes the rupture disc 4 to rupture. At this time, the internal space of the battery pack is connected to the guide pipe 501 through the pressure relief port 3. Then, the gas and flame are sprayed from the pressure relief port 3 into the guide pipe 501. When it enters the straight pipe 5011 in the vertical section b of the guide pipe 501, it will first come into contact with the wire mesh 604 and the filling layer 605. At this time, the large flame particles will be cut and dispersed by the multiple layers of wire mesh 604. Meanwhile, the filling layer 605, made of ceramic fiber cotton, located between the multiple layers of wire mesh 604, will absorb the residual fire and further cool it down. At the same time, under the action of the wire mesh 604 and the filling layer 605, the flow rate of the gas and flame is reduced, thereby avoiding the impact caused by the high-speed spray at the connection between the vertical section b and the horizontal section c of the straight pipe 5011, thus ensuring the service life of the guide pipe 501.

[0047] Under the action of the straight pipe 5011, the high-pressure gas and flame are forcibly guided to the designated area, thereby preventing them from spraying into sensitive areas and endangering the safety of vehicles and personnel. After passing through the straight pipe 5011, the high-pressure gas and flame will enter the bend pipe 5012. When the gas and flame particles flow rapidly along the spiral bend pipe 5012, the solid particles and gas are separated under the action of centrifugal force. The solid particles will gradually lose kinetic energy after colliding with the inner wall of the bend pipe 5012, and thus deposit on the surface of the channel. This makes the gas finally discharged a low-temperature, flameless gas containing only a small number of tiny particles, thereby ensuring the safety of the equipment.

[0048] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A battery pack housing assembly, comprising an upper housing (1) and a lower housing (2), characterized in that: The upper box (1) has a thin-walled area (a) on its upper side. The thin-walled area (a) has a pressure relief port (3). The pressure relief port (3) has a rupture disc (4) on its outer side. The pressure relief port (3) is also connected to a flow guiding mechanism (5). The flow guiding mechanism (5) has a heat treatment mechanism (6) inside. When the pressure between the upper box (1) and the lower box (2) exceeds the threshold, the rupture disc (4) breaks. The high-pressure gas carries the flame into the flow guiding mechanism (5). The flow guiding mechanism (5) guides the flow of the gas and the flame and cools them down. At the same time, the heat treatment mechanism (6) cuts and disperses the large flame particles and reduces the flow rate. Finally, the low-temperature flameless gas is discharged from the bottom of the flow guiding mechanism (5).

2. The battery pack housing assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure relief port (3) has multiple slots (7) on its upper side, and a threaded pipe (8) is provided on the outer side of the pressure relief port (3). The bottom of the threaded pipe (8) is fixed to the upper housing (1). The flow guiding mechanism (5) includes a flow guiding pipe (501), a plug rod (502), and a locking ring (503). The flow guiding pipe (501) is connected to the pressure relief port (3), and the plug rod (502) is connected to the flow guiding pipe (501) and to the... The slot (7) is engaged, the locking ring (503) is sleeved on the outside of the guide tube (501), the inner ring of the locking ring (503) is provided with an internal thread (504), the bottom of the guide tube (501) near the pressure relief port (3) is provided with a protruding edge (505), the outer diameter of the protruding edge (505) is larger than the outer diameter of the guide tube (501), and the inner wall of the locking ring (503) is provided with a limiting block (506) that cooperates with it.

3. A battery pack housing assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide pipe (501) is divided into a straight pipe (5011) and a bent pipe (5012). The straight pipe (5011) is divided into a vertical section (b) and a horizontal section (c). The heat treatment mechanism (6) is located in the vertical section (b) of the straight pipe (5011).

4. A battery pack housing assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The overall shape of the bend (5012) is an Archimedean spiral structure, and its overall diameter gradually increases from top to bottom.

5. A battery pack housing assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The diameter of the bend (5012) gradually increases from top to bottom, and the opening at its bottom faces vertically downward.

6. A battery pack housing assembly according to claim 2, characterized in that: The guide tube (501) is made of a high thermal conductivity metal and its inner wall is coated with a high temperature resistant ceramic coating.

7. A battery pack housing assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vertical section (b) of the straight pipe (5011) is provided with multiple mounting slots (9); the heat treatment mechanism (6) includes a mounting frame (601), a fixing plate (602), a fixing ring (603) and a wire mesh (604). The mounting frame (601) is set inside the straight pipe (5011) of the vertical section (b). The fixing plate (602) is connected to the outside of the mounting frame (601). The fixing ring (603) is connected to the mounting frame (601). The wire mesh (604) is connected to the fixing ring (603).

8. A battery pack housing assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The wire mesh (604) is provided with multiple layers, and the aperture of each layer of wire mesh (604) gradually decreases from bottom to top.

9. A battery pack housing assembly according to claim 8, characterized in that: A filling layer (605) is provided between every two layers of the wire mesh (604), and the filling layer (605) is made of high-temperature resistant ceramic fiber cotton.

10. A battery pack, characterized in that: The battery pack housing assembly includes any one of claims 1 to 9, and includes a cooling mechanism (10) and multiple battery modules (11), wherein the cooling mechanism (10) and the battery modules (11) are both connected inside the lower housing (2), and the cooling mechanism (10) is located inside the lower housing (2) on the side away from the pressure relief port (3).

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