A rice carpet seedling cutting throwing and seeding device and a cutting throwing and seeding method thereof

Abstract

The application discloses a rice blanket seedling cutting and throwing device and a cutting and throwing method, and belongs to the technical field of rice cultivation. The device comprises a seedling box supported on a fixed beam and in sliding contact with a slide rail at the bottom end, a plurality of seedling taking openings are arranged on the slide rail, a plurality of transmission boxes are arranged on the fixed beam, the power input ends are connected through a driving shaft to realize synchronous transmission, the two sides of each power output end are connected with throwing and planting mechanisms, a ridge mud ditching mechanism is arranged below the fixed beam, and the device further comprises a cutting mechanism, which comprises a combined cutting knife, the combined cutting knife is telescopically arranged on the transmission box through an elastic supporting assembly and is connected with the driving shaft through a cam transmission assembly, when the driving shaft rotates, the cam transmission assembly and the transmission box are synchronously driven to realize the telescopic movement of the combined cutting knife from the seedling taking opening, the throwing and planting mechanism applies shearing force to the root blanket and transports the seedling block to a low position to be thrown and planted, and the ridge mud ditching mechanism forms a seedling ditch on the mud ridge for seedling block planting. The device has the advantages of simple structure, high seedling taking precision, good seedling block pot integrity and the like.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural machinery, and in particular to a rice blanket seedling cutting and throwing device and a method for cutting and throwing seedlings. Background Technology

[0002] Rice transplanting machines have become the most important choice for large-scale rice cultivation due to their mature seedling raising technology, high efficiency and precision in machine transplanting, low cost, and suitability for large-scale production. However, machine transplanting of rice using blanket-shaped seedlings still has three main problems: significant planting damage, incomplete seedling blocks, and excessive planting depth. The blanket-shaped seedlings used in machine transplanting have intertwined roots, and the seedling claws tear at the roots during harvesting, causing severe damage. This results in a 5-7 day recovery period after transplanting, extending the rice's growing season by 7-10 days, leading to insufficient growth and increasing the risk of rice encountering severe weather such as late spring frosts and cold dew winds. Furthermore, the tearing of the seedling blankets during harvesting exposes the roots, and the incomplete and irregular seedling blocks (including the soil and stems, with the soil being formed by the intertwined roots and substrate) prevent the complete preservation of the root growth substrate and nutrients, hindering recovery after transplanting. Finally, the excessive planting depth, generally 2-4 cm, affects seedling recovery, early growth, and rapid development, leading to more tillers at higher nodes and a lower panicle formation rate. The above limitations restrict the full realization of the yield potential of rice after machine transplanting.

[0003] Rice transplanting by machine is a high-yield and high-quality cultivation technique. It uses individual seedlings in pots, unlike mat-type seedling transplanting. The seedlings are transplanted from individual pots, resulting in no planting damage, intact seedling clumps and soil, and shallower transplanting depth. This method features rapid greening, abundant effective tillering at lower nodes, no extension of the rice growing season, and significant yield increases. It saves seeds, water, and fertilizer, and significantly increases yield, solving the problem of insufficient growing season with mat-type seedling transplanting. It is currently the best technical model for achieving high-yield, high-quality, and high-efficiency rice production. However, the pot-type seedling raising technology is relatively complex, especially the high price of seedling trays, leading to high seedling costs, difficulty in seedling transportation, and high labor requirements. Furthermore, the transplanting machines mainly rely on imported Japanese technology, which is expensive and complex in structure. All of these factors significantly increase the production cost of machine transplanting, resulting in low overall efficiency and severely restricting its large-scale promotion and application.

[0004] Chinese invention patent CN117099541B proposes "a high-speed orderly rice blanket seedling cutting and transplanting machine and cutting and transplanting method", which is mainly composed of a longitudinal seedling feeding mechanism, a longitudinal cutting mechanism, a transverse cutting mechanism, and a transplanting mechanism. The transplanted seedling blocks have good soil pot integrity and features high speed, shallow planting, minimal planting damage, and no greening period. This transplanter's longitudinal slicing and transverse slicing are accomplished by two separate mechanisms. Taking a 9-inch ordinary mat-shaped seedling as an example, a 6-row machine would require 78 longitudinal cutters to cut 14 longitudinal strips, followed by transverse slicing, increasing the overall complexity and installation difficulty. After the flexible root mat is longitudinally cut into strips, it becomes even softer. When the seedlings are fed from the bottom of the seed box by gravity and the downward thrust of the upper root mat, the strips are prone to "arching and stacking," causing seedling jamming. During transverse feeding, the strips may bend and swing, deviating from the seedling picking port, making it impossible for the seedling claw to accurately pick the middle of the strip, resulting in incomplete seedling blocks. When the rotary box rotates slowly, after the seedling claw retracts, firstly, it is difficult for the wet and sticky seedling blocks to detach from the seedling claw by inertia, resulting in missing seedlings; secondly, the seedling blocks do not sink into the mud quickly enough by inertia, affecting the uprightness of the seedlings and increasing the risk of seedling drift. The transverse cutting mechanism is driven by a separate motor, making it difficult to guarantee the precision of its timing with the seedling claw.

[0005] Chinese invention patent CN119234504B proposes a "rice mat seedling transplanter cutting device and cutting method," in which all cutting mechanisms can simultaneously move up and down under the drive of the cutting blade downward drive component to longitudinally cut the root mat into strips. All cutting mechanisms can also simultaneously rotate 90° under the drive of the cutting blade turning drive component to transversely cut the longitudinal strips of the root mat into blocks. This cutting device has a simple, reasonable, and compact structure. The longitudinal and transverse cutting of the root mat are completed using a single cutting mechanism, allowing for intermittent cutting, thus improving both cutting efficiency and cutting quality. However, this device still has the following problems: (1) Taking the same example of cutting 14 strips longitudinally from a 9-inch ordinary blanket seedling, the 6-row machine requires 78 sliding cutters. The number of cutters is too large, which not only increases the complexity of the mechanism, but also increases the cost of replacing the cutters; (2) Before the cutting is completed, two sets of actions need to be completed: longitudinal cutting and transverse cutting, which increases the complexity of the structure and operation; (3) The cutter cuts from the top of the root blanket downwards, which will cause a large number of stems and leaves of the seedlings to be cut off, increasing the planting injury of the seedlings; (4) Before the seedling claws pick up the seedlings, the flexible root blanket is cut into blocks in a row. The cut seedling blocks are almost completely separated from each other. When the seedling box is fed transversely, the seedling blocks will swing left and right with the seedling box and deviate from the seedling picking opening, causing the seedling claws to pick up the seedlings inaccurately. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The technical problem to be solved by this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and provide a rice blanket seedling cutting and throwing device with simple structure, high seedling picking accuracy, and good integrity of seedling blocks and soil pots, as well as a method for cutting and throwing blanket seedlings using this device. It can integrate key technologies such as blanket seedling ring cutting, low-position high-speed ejection throwing, and ridge mud trenching for seedling establishment. It can realize the orderly throwing operation of blanket seedling cutting, and the seedling blocks and soil pots have good integrity after throwing. It has the technical advantages of high speed, shallow planting, small planting damage, short greening period, and early growth and rapid development of pot seedlings.

[0007] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0008] A rice seedling cutting and throwing device includes a seedling box supported on a fixed crossbeam with its bottom end slidingly contacting a slide rail. The slide rail has several seedling-taking openings. Multiple transmission boxes are mounted on the fixed crossbeam, and their power input ends are connected in series via drive shafts for synchronous transmission. Throwing mechanisms are connected to both sides of each power output end. A ridge-opening ditching mechanism is also installed below the fixed crossbeam. The device further includes a ring-cutting mechanism for circumferentially cutting the root mat into blocks, comprising components corresponding to and located below each seedling-taking opening. The combined ring cutter is telescopically mounted on the transmission box via an elastic support assembly and connected to the drive shaft via a cam transmission assembly. When the drive shaft rotates, it drives the cam transmission assembly and the transmission box to drive synchronously. The cam transmission assembly drives the combined ring cutter to quickly extend and retract from the seedling picking port to cut the seedlings into pieces. The transmission box transmits power to the throwing mechanism, causing its movement to cooperate with the combined ring cutter to apply shearing force to the root mat and transport the cut seedling pieces to a low position for ejection and throwing. The ridge ditching mechanism forms seedling furrows on the ridge for planting the seedling pieces.

[0009] As a further improvement to the above technical solution:

[0010] The combined ring cutter includes a ring cutter with three cutting surfaces, a cutter fixing seat, and a cutter guide rod. The cross-section of the ring cutter and the cutter fixing seat is U-shaped. The ring cutter includes two longitudinal cutters and one transverse cutter. The top of the cutter adopts a sliding cutting edge. The bottom of each cutter is respectively bolted to the corresponding side plate of the U-shaped cutter fixing seat. The top of the cutter guide rod is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cutter fixing seat.

[0011] The elastic support assembly includes a support shaft and several spring connecting assemblies mounted on the support shaft for connecting the combined ring cutter. The support shaft is a through shaft passing through the top of all transmission boxes and is fixedly installed on each transmission box by a support, and its length is slightly shorter than the slide rail. The spring connecting assembly includes spring I, clamping side brackets, and spring fixing supports. The clamping side bracket includes clamping base II mounted on the support shaft and side bracket I connected to one side of clamping base II. The spring fixing support includes U-shaped side bracket II and spring sleeve. The two side plates of U-shaped side bracket II are inclined to the bottom plate. The spring sleeve is vertically connected to the middle of the bottom plate and has a through hole. The two side plates of U-shaped side bracket II are fixedly connected to the other end of one of the side brackets I at a certain angle. The spring sleeve is sleeved on the cutter guide rod. The spring I is sleeved on the spring sleeve. The upper end of spring I is supported on the lower end surface of side bracket II, and the lower end is supported on the cam transmission assembly.

[0012] The cam transmission assembly includes a drive frame and a combined cam swing arm; the combined cam swing arm includes a clamping base I and a cam swing arm. The clamping base I is clamped and mounted on the drive shaft by fixing bolts. One end of the cam swing arm is connected to one side of the clamping base I and its plane is perpendicular to the drive shaft. The drive frame includes an L-shaped frame and a roller. The horizontal side of the L-shaped frame has a mounting through hole in the middle and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cutter guide rod by bolts. The lower end of the spring I is supported on the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame. The roller is rotatably mounted on the vertical side end of the L-shaped frame and is parallel to the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame to form a Z-shaped integral structure. The outline of the cam swing arm is in rolling contact with the roller. When the drive shaft rotates, the cam swing arm pushes the drive frame to move, causing the spring I to compress and relax, driving the combined ring cutter to extend and retract from the seedling picking port.

[0013] The extension and retraction process of the combined ring cutter is as follows: Assuming the initial position is with spring I relaxed and the combined ring cutter retracted; when the drive shaft rotates counterclockwise, it drives the combined cam rocker arm to rotate synchronously, and the cam rocker arm makes rolling contact with the roller. When the contact point is located on the contour curve of the cam's push stroke angle, it pushes the drive frame upward. The drive frame compresses spring I and simultaneously drives the combined ring cutter upward. After the cutter extends a certain height beyond the seedling-taking opening, the contact point enters the contour curve of the cam's far rest angle, spring I is compressed, and the height of the combined ring cutter extending beyond the seedling-taking opening remains unchanged. When the combined cam rocker arm continues to rotate, due to the extremely small cam return stroke angle, the cam rocker arm and roller quickly disengage, and under the action of the spring force, the drive frame rapidly returns to its original position, and the cutter of the combined ring cutter quickly retracts below the seedling-taking opening.

[0014] Below the slide rail, corresponding to each seedling taking point, there is a seedling protection rail. The top of the seedling protection rail is fixedly connected to the slide rail through a U-shaped seedling protection rail fixing seat. The upper back of the seedling protection rail is provided with vertically arranged ring-cutting blade guide grooves on both sides. Each side plate of the seedling protection rail fixing seat is provided with a vertically penetrating ring-cutting blade limiting groove. The combined ring-cutting blade is located on the back of the seedling protection rail. The two side plates of the U-shaped cutting blade fixing seat slide in the ring-cutting blade guide groove. The longitudinal cutting blade and the transverse cutting blade both pass through the corresponding ring-cutting blade limiting groove. The combined ring-cutting blade makes a vertical linear reciprocating motion under the constraint of the ring-cutting blade guide groove and the ring-cutting blade limiting groove.

[0015] The ridge mud opening and ditching mechanism includes a ridge mud support connected to a fixed crossbeam, several slippers and ditching shovels mounted on the ridge mud support, and a ditching shovel located directly below the seedling picking opening between every two slippers. Each ditching shovel corresponds to a cutting and throwing row. The front end of the slipper is pointed, and a trapezoidal ridge squeezing channel with a narrow top and wide bottom is formed between adjacent slippers.

[0016] The planting mechanism includes a rotary box and two sets of planting arms. The rotary box includes a rotary box housing and an eccentric gear planetary gear transmission assembly disposed within the rotary box housing. The eccentric gear planetary gear transmission assembly includes five identical eccentric gears arranged in a straight line, namely a sun gear, idler gears meshing on both sides of the sun gear, and planetary gears meshing on the outside of each idler gear. The gear transmission ratio is 1:1. Each planetary gear has a set of planting arms installed on the side away from the transmission box. The sun gear is fixedly connected to the housing of the transmission box and does not rotate. The output end of the transmission box is connected to the rotary box housing. When the transmission box drives the rotary box housing to rotate, the eccentric gear planetary gear transmission assembly enables the planting arms to move along a "kidney" shaped planting trajectory.

[0017] The transmission box housing is equipped with a drive sprocket and a driven sprocket, with a chain wound between them. The drive sprocket is mounted on the drive shaft, and the two ends of the driven sprocket's shaft are fixedly connected to a rotary box housing. The driven sprocket's shaft is coaxial with the mounting shaft of the sun gear. The transmission ratio between the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket is 2:1. When the drive sprocket rotates one revolution, the rotary box housing rotates half a revolution, causing the planting arm to harvest seedlings once. The ring-cutting mechanism works synchronously once accordingly.

[0018] The planting arm includes a seedling claw, a seedling pusher, a lower housing of the planting arm, an upper cover of the planting arm, a camshaft, a spring II, and a connecting rod swing arm. One side of the lower housing of the planting arm is provided with a connecting seat connected to a planetary gear. The seedling claw is fixedly mounted on a mounting seat on the outside of the other side of the lower housing of the planting arm. The seedling pusher is located in the lower housing of the planting arm and parallel to the seedling claw. The upper cover of the planting arm is mounted on the top of the lower housing of the planting arm with screws. The camshaft is mounted in the lower housing of the planting arm, with one end mounted on the connecting seat. The extension direction of the camshaft is perpendicular to the extension direction of the seedling pusher. The middle part of the connecting rod swing arm is rotatably hinged to the lower housing of the planting arm via a pin. One end of the connecting rod swing arm is hinged to the top of the seedling pusher via a chain fixing seat, and the other free end contacts the cam profile curve of the camshaft. A spring support frame is provided at the upper end of the fixed seat. The spring II is installed between the upper cover of the planting arm and the spring support frame. One end of the spring II is supported on the spring support frame, and the other end is supported on the upper cover of the planting arm. In the same rotary box, one end of the two sets of camshafts is connected by a cam connecting rod and fixed to the rotary box housing. When the driven sprocket of the transmission box drives the rotary box housing to rotate, the camshaft only revolves around the sun gear with the rotary box housing. The planet gear and idler gear revolve around the sun gear and rotate on their own axis under the drive of the rotary box housing. The connecting rod swing arm and the camshaft have relative motion. The free end of the connecting rod swing arm moves along the cam profile curve of the camshaft, so that the spring II realizes alternating compression and energy storage and relaxation. When the spring II is compressed to store energy, the pushing rod retracts. When the spring II relaxes to release energy, the pushing rod is pushed out for ejection and seedling throwing.

[0019] The extension and retraction process of the rice pusher is as follows: When the free end of the connecting rod arm contacts the cam's near-rest angle profile curve of the cam shaft, the spring II is in a relaxed state, i.e., the rice pusher remains extended; when the free end of the connecting rod arm contacts the cam's push stroke angle profile curve, it is the process of compressing and storing energy for the spring II, i.e., the rice pusher retracts; when the free end of the connecting rod arm contacts the cam's far-rest angle profile curve, the spring II is in a compressed state, i.e., the rice pusher is in a retracted state; since the return stroke angle is extremely small or close to zero degrees, the free end of the connecting rod arm quickly disengages from the cam profile curve, the spring II releases energy, and under the action of the spring force, the free end of the connecting rod arm achieves a rapid return motion, quickly contacting the cam's near-rest angle profile curve. During this process, the rice pusher quickly extends to push the rice seedlings, realizing the ejection and throwing of the rice seedlings.

[0020] The seedling box contains multiple root mat placement units, each root mat placement unit corresponds to a cutting and planting row, and each root mat placement unit is provided with a longitudinal seedling feeding belt below it. The longitudinal seedling feeding distance of the longitudinal seedling feeding belt is consistent with the width of the longitudinal cutter, and the transverse seedling feeding distance of the seedling box is consistent with the width of the transverse cutter.

[0021] Based on the same technical concept, the present invention also provides a method for cutting and transplanting rice blanket-like seedlings into blocks, used in the above-mentioned rice blanket-like seedling cutting and transplanting device, comprising the following steps:

[0022] S1. Ring-cut pieces of mat-like seedlings:

[0023] The root blanket is placed on the seedling box, and under the action of gravity and the continuous and precise transfer of the longitudinal seedling conveyor belt, it moves to the bottom of the seedling box, and the seedling box is precisely transferred laterally.

[0024] When the seedling claw moves downwards along the top of the vertically arranged "kidney"-shaped planting track to the seedling collection port on the slide rail, the pushing rod is in a retracted state. When the seedling claw contacts the root mat, the combined ring cutter quickly extends upwards to a certain height from the seedling collection port and penetrates the root mat from below. The seedling claw and the combined ring cutter continue to move downwards and work together to apply shearing force to the root mat, cutting off a seedling piece from one corner of the root mat. After that, the combined ring cutter quickly retracts to below the seedling collection port. When the seedling claw moves with the seedling piece to below the seedling collection port and the seedling box continues to feed seedlings horizontally, the combined ring cutter does not contact the root mat.

[0025] S2. Low-position ejection rice seedling throwing:

[0026] The seedling claw continues to move along the "kidney" shaped planting trajectory into the seedling protection track, so that the seedling block does not detach from the seedling claw;

[0027] When the seedling block is transported to the end of the seedling protection track, the seedling throwing action begins. At this time, the seedling claw throws the seedling at a height of 20-30cm from the mud. The pushing rod is quickly launched, and the soil pot of the seedling block is given a certain speed to enter the seedling furrow on the mud ridge under the high-speed ejection of the pushing rod. The mud is then backfilled, and the seedling throwing is completed.

[0028] After the seedlings are transplanted, the seedling claws and the seedling pushers move back along the planting trajectory to the seedling collection port. The seedling pushers slowly extend and return to their original positions to carry out the next seedling cutting and transplanting operation. The rotary box rotates once and cuts and transplants twice, with each of the two planting arms participating in one cutting and transplanting operation.

[0029] S3. Mound soil, furrow, and plant seedlings:

[0030] Before transplanting, the ridge-ditching mechanism squeezes out mud to form ridges, and the ditching shovel cuts out furrows in the middle of the ridges.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following technical effects:

[0032] The rice blanket seedling cutting and throwing device and method of this invention integrate key technologies such as blanket seedling ring cutting, low-position high-speed ejection throwing, and ridge mud furrowing for seedling establishment. The device has a reasonable and compact structure, and is simple in design. Each row has only one ring cutting mechanism to ring cut the root blanket to form seedling blocks. The transmission between the combined ring cutting blade and the throwing mechanism achieves synchronous coupling, resulting in high timing accuracy. This solves the problem of needing to cut the flexible root blanket into strips or blocks before the seedling claws can harvest seedlings, allowing the seedling blocks to be cut instantly during harvesting with high precision. The seedling blocks are ejected at a low position by the pushing rod, reducing the risk of seedling drift and collapse in windy or rainy conditions. After transplanting, the seedling blocks retain good soil pot integrity, offering technical advantages such as high speed, shallow planting, minimal planting damage, short greening period, and early and rapid growth of seedlings in pots.

[0033] The rice blanket seedling cutting and throwing device of the present invention can be modified based on the original riding rice transplanter to realize the cutting and throwing of blanket seedlings, which greatly reduces the high purchase cost caused by changing the rice planting method. It fully leverages the agronomic advantages of high yield and high quality of rice pot seedling throwing and the advantages of efficient and precise mechanized operation of blanket seedling transplanting. Attached Figure Description

[0034] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall frontal three-dimensional structure of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall three-dimensional structure of the back side of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 3 yes Figure 1 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the diagram.

[0037] Figure 4 yes Figure 2 A magnified schematic diagram of the F part in the diagram.

[0038] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the combined ring cutter in the extended state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the combined ring cutter in the retracted state in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the extension and retraction states of the planting arm in Embodiment 1 of the present invention (the left image shows the retraction state, the right image shows the extension state, and the middle image shows the connection structure between the planting arm and the rotary box).

[0041] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the combined ring cutter and the seedling guard rail in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 9This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the left drive frame and the right drive frame in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the combined cam rocker arm in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 11 This is a three-dimensional and disassembled structural diagram of the combined ring cutter in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 12 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the seedling protection track in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 13 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the seedling protection rail fixing seat in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0047] Figure 14 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the clamping side bracket in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0048] Figure 15 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the spring fixing support in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0049] Figure 16 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of the camshaft in Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

[0050] Figure 17 This is a schematic diagram of the process of cutting and throwing seedlings in Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

[0051] Numbering on the map:

[0052] 1. Seedling box; 2. Longitudinal seedling conveyor belt; 3. Slide rail; 4. Sliding shoe; 5. Furrowing shovel; 6. Fixed crossbeam; 7. Support shaft; 8. Seedling claw; 9. Right drive frame; 10. Drive shaft I; 11. Combined cam swing arm; 12. Left drive frame; 13. Transmission box; 14. Drive shaft II; 15. Combined ring cutter; 16. Spring I; 17. Fixing bolt; 18. Roller; 19. Seedling guard rail; 20. Seedling pusher; 21. Seedling pick-up port; 22. Chain; 23. Rotary box; 24. Planetary gear; 25. Idler gear; 26. Sun gear; 27. Seedling guard rail fixing seat; 28. Clamping side bracket; 29. ​​Spring fixing support; 30. Lower housing of planting arm; 31. Upper cover of planting arm; 32. Camshaft; 3 3. Spring II; 34. Spring support frame; 35. Chain fixing seat; 36. Connecting rod swing arm; 37. Cam connecting rod; 38. Pin shaft; 39. Connecting seat; 40. Stem and leaf; 41. Root mat; 42. Seedling box bottom plate; 43. Planting trajectory; 44. Soil pot; 45. Pushing and ejecting direction; 46. Seedling block; 47. Mud; 1101. Clamping base I; 1102. Cam swing arm; 1501. Longitudinal cutter; 1502. Transverse cutter; 1503. Cutter fixing seat; 1504. Cutter guide rod; 1901. Ring cutter guide groove; 2701. Ring cutter limiting groove; 2801. Clamping base II; 2801. Side support I; 2901. Side support II; 2902. Spring sleeve. Detailed Implementation

[0053] The invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0054] Example 1: A rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and transplanting device

[0055] like Figures 1-16As shown, an embodiment of the rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and throwing device proposed in this invention includes a seedling box 1, a ring-cutting mechanism, a throwing mechanism, and a ridge-ditching mechanism. The seedling box 1 is supported on a fixed crossbeam 6 (the fixed crossbeam 6 is connected to the walking chassis of the rice thrower, existing technology, not shown in the figure) and its bottom end is in sliding contact with a slide rail 3. The slide rail 3 is provided with several seedling picking ports 21. Multiple transmission boxes 13 are installed on the fixed crossbeam 6. Each transmission box 13 provides power to two cutting and throwing rows on the seedling box 1. The power input ends of the multiple transmission boxes 13 are connected to each other through a drive shaft (driven by a drive assembly, existing technology, not shown in the figure) to achieve synchronous transmission. A throwing mechanism is connected to both sides of each power output end. The ridge-ditching mechanism is installed below the fixed crossbeam 6 through a bracket. The ring-cutting mechanism can ring-cut the root mat 41 into blocks. It includes a combined ring-cutting blade 15, an elastic support assembly, and a cam transmission assembly. The combined ring-cutting blade 15 corresponds to the position of each seedling picking port 21 and is located to its side and below. The combined ring-cutting blade 15 is telescopically mounted on the transmission box 13 through the elastic support assembly and connected to the drive shaft through the cam transmission assembly. When the drive shaft rotates, it drives the cam transmission assembly and the transmission box 13 to drive synchronously. The cam transmission assembly drives the combined ring-cutting blade 15 to quickly extend and retract from the seedling picking port 21 to cut the blocks. The transmission box 13 transmits power to the planting mechanism, so that its movement cooperates with the combined ring-cutting blade 15 to apply shearing force to the root mat 41 and transport the seedling blocks 46 to a low position for ejection and planting in the seedling furrows formed on the mud ridge by the mud-ditching mechanism. This invention integrates key technologies such as circumferential cutting of seedlings into blocks, low-position high-speed ejection and transplanting, and furrowing and seedling establishment in raised beds. It features a reasonable and compact structure with simple design. Each row has only one circumferential cutting mechanism to circumferentially cut the root mat into seedling blocks. The transmission between the combined circumferential cutting blade and the transplanting mechanism achieves synchronous coupling and high timing precision. This solves the problem of needing to cut the flexible root mat into strips or blocks before the seedling claws can harvest seedlings, allowing for immediate cutting of seedling blocks during harvesting with high precision. Furthermore, the seedling blocks are ejected and transplanted at a low position by the pushing rod, reducing the risk of seedling drift and collapse in windy or rainy conditions. After transplanting, the seedling blocks maintain good integrity in their pots, offering technical advantages such as high speed, shallow planting, minimal planting damage, short greening period, and early and rapid growth of potted seedlings.

[0056] In this embodiment, the seedling box 1 includes several root mat placement units, each corresponding to a cutting and planting row. A longitudinal seedling conveyor belt 2 is provided below each root mat placement unit. A seedling-taking opening 21 on the slide rail 3 corresponds to each root mat placement unit. When the seedling box 1 feeds seedlings laterally, it slides left and right on the slide rail 3, with the range of left and right movement limited to the width of the root mat placement unit minus the width of the seedling-taking opening 21.

[0057] In this embodiment, the combined ring cutter 15 includes a ring cutter with three cutting surfaces, a cutter fixing seat 1503, and a cutter guide rod 1504. Both the ring cutter and the cutter fixing seat 1503 have a U-shaped cross-section. The ring cutter includes two longitudinal cutters 1501 and one transverse cutter 1502. The top of each cutter uses a sliding cutting edge, and its cutting edge shape is unrestricted; the cutting edge direction can be inclined downwards from one side or symmetrically downwards from both sides. The bottom of each cutter is bolted to the corresponding side plate of the U-shaped cutter fixing seat 1503. The top of the cutter guide rod 1504 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cutter fixing seat 1503. The longitudinal feeding distance of the longitudinal seedling conveyor belt 2 is consistent with the width of the longitudinal cutter 1501, and the transverse feeding distance of the seedling box 1 is consistent with the width of the transverse cutter 1502.

[0058] In this embodiment, the elastic support assembly includes a support shaft 7 and several spring connecting assemblies assembled on the support shaft 7 for connecting the combined ring cutter 15. The support shaft 7 is a through shaft passing through the top of all transmission boxes 13 and is fixedly installed on each transmission box 13 by a support, and its length is slightly shorter than that of the slide rail 3. The spring connecting assembly includes a spring I 16, a clamping side bracket 28, and a spring fixing support 29. The clamping side bracket 28 includes a clamping base II 2801 mounted on the support shaft 7 and a side bracket I 2802 connected to one side of the clamping base II 2801. The spring fixing support... 29 includes a U-shaped side bracket II 2901 and a spring sleeve 2902. The two side plates of the U-shaped side bracket II 2901 are inclined to the bottom plate. The spring sleeve 2902 is vertically connected to the middle of the bottom plate and has a through hole. The two side plates of the U-shaped side bracket II 2901 are fixedly connected to the other end of one side bracket I 2802 at a certain angle. The spring sleeve 2902 is sleeved on the cutter guide rod 1504. The spring I 16 is sleeved on the spring sleeve 2902. The upper end of the spring I 16 is supported on the lower end surface of the side bracket II 2901, and the lower end is supported on the cam transmission assembly.

[0059] In this embodiment, the cam transmission assembly includes a drive frame (including a right drive frame 9 and a left drive frame 12) and a combined cam rocker arm 11. The combined cam rocker arm 11 includes a clamping base I 1101 and a cam rocker arm 1102. The clamping base I 1101 is clamped and mounted on the drive shaft by fixing bolts 17. One end of the cam rocker arm 1102 is connected to one side of the clamping base I 1101 and its plane is perpendicular to the drive shaft. The drive frame includes an L-shaped frame and rollers 18. The horizontal side of the L-shaped frame is provided with... The L-shaped frame has a through hole for mounting and is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the cutter guide rod 1504 by bolts. The lower end of the spring I 16 is supported on the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame. The roller 18 is rotatably mounted on the vertical side end of the L-shaped frame and forms a Z-shaped integral structure parallel to the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame. The outline of the cam rocker arm 1102 is in rolling contact with the roller 18. When the drive shaft rotates, the cam rocker arm 1102 pushes the drive frame to move, causing the spring I 16 to compress and relax, driving the combined ring cutter 15 to extend and retract from the seedling opening 21. For easy disassembly and assembly, the drive shaft in this embodiment includes a drive shaft I 10 located in the middle and drive shafts II 14 located at both ends. Adjacent drive shafts I 10 and drive shafts I 10 and II 14 are connected by couplings. Both drive shafts I 10 and II 14 are equipped with combined cam rocker arms 11. The ring cutting mechanism located between the transmission boxes 13 is driven by drive shaft I 10, and the ring cutting mechanism located on the outermost side of the seedling box is driven by drive shaft II 14.

[0060] In this embodiment, the extension and retraction process of the combined ring cutter 15 is as follows: Assuming the initial position is that the spring I 16 is relaxed and the combined ring cutter 15 is in the retracted state; when the drive shaft rotates counterclockwise, it drives the combined cam rocker arm 11 to rotate synchronously, and the cam rocker arm 1102 and the roller 18 make rolling contact. When the contact point is located at the contour curve of the cam push stroke motion angle, it pushes the drive frame to move upward. The drive frame compresses the spring I 16 and drives the combined ring cutter 15 to move upward. After the cutter of the combined ring cutter 15 extends a certain height out of the seedling picking opening 21, the contact point enters the contour curve of the far rest angle of the cam. The spring I 16 is in the compressed state, and the height of the cutter of the combined ring cutter 15 extending out of the seedling picking opening 21 remains unchanged; when the combined cam rocker arm 11 continues to rotate, since the cam return stroke motion angle is extremely small, the cam rocker arm 1102 and the roller 18 quickly disengage. Under the action of the spring force, the drive frame quickly returns to its original position, and the cutter of the combined ring cutter 15 quickly retracts to below the seedling picking opening 21.

[0061] In this embodiment, a U-shaped seedling guard rail 19 is provided below the slide rail 3 at each seedling taking port 21. The top of the seedling guard rail 19 is connected to the slide rail 3 through a U-shaped seedling guard rail fixing seat 27. The opening side of the U-shaped seedling guard rail fixing seat 27 is in the same direction as the opening side of the seedling taking port 21. Vertically arranged ring cutter guide grooves 1901 are provided on both sides of the upper back of the seedling guard rail 19. Each side plate of the seedling guard rail fixing seat 27 is provided with a vertically penetrating ring cutter limiting groove 2701. The combined ring cutter 15 is located on the back of the seedling guard rail 19. The two side plates of the U-shaped cutter fixing seat 1503 are slidably installed in the ring cutter guide grooves 1901. The longitudinal cutter 1501 and the transverse cutter 1502 both pass through the corresponding ring cutter limiting grooves 2701. The combined ring cutter 15 moves up and down in a straight line under the constraint of the ring cutter guide grooves 1901 and the ring cutter limiting grooves 2701. Because the cutter fixing seat 1503 has a U-shaped cross-section with a notch on one side, it can avoid interference with the seedling guard rail 19 during operation.

[0062] In this embodiment, the ridge-ditching mechanism includes a ridge support connected to a fixed crossbeam 6, several sliding shoes 4 mounted on the ridge support, and a ditching shovel 5. A ditching shovel 5 is positioned between every two sliding shoes 4, directly below the seedling inlet 21. Each ditching shovel 5 corresponds to a single row of seedlings. Adjacent sliding shoes 4 form a trapezoidal ridge-forming channel that is narrower at the top and wider at the bottom. The front end of each sliding shoe 4 is pointed. This allows the mud inlet to be larger than the mud outlet. When the seedling transplanter operates in the field, the ridge-ditching mechanism squeezes mud out of the ridge body. The ditching shovel 5 creates furrows in the middle of the ridge body, and the seedlings are planted into the furrows. The mud is then backfilled, which helps to establish seedlings and increase soil temperature.

[0063] In this embodiment, the planting mechanism includes a rotary box 23 and two sets of planting arms. The rotary box 23 includes a rotary box housing and an eccentric gear planetary gear transmission assembly disposed within the rotary box housing. The eccentric gear planetary gear transmission assembly includes five identical eccentric gears arranged in a straight line, namely a sun gear 26, idler gears 25 meshing on both sides of the sun gear 26, and planetary gears 24 meshing on the outside of each idler gear 25. The gear transmission ratio is 1:1. Each planetary gear 24 has a set of planting arms installed on the side away from the transmission box 13. The sun gear 26 is fixedly connected to the housing of the transmission box 13 and does not rotate. The output end of the transmission box 13 is connected to the rotary box housing. When the transmission box 13 drives the rotary box housing to rotate, the eccentric gear planetary gear transmission assembly enables the planting arms to move along the "kidney" shaped planting trajectory 43.

[0064] In this embodiment, the transmission box 13 is equipped with a drive sprocket and a driven sprocket inside its housing. A chain 22 is wound between the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket. The drive sprocket is mounted on the drive shaft. The two ends of the driven sprocket's shaft are fixedly connected to a rotary box housing, and the driven sprocket's shaft is coaxial with the mounting shaft of the sun gear 26. The transmission ratio between the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket is 2:1. When the drive sprocket rotates one revolution, the rotary box housing rotates half a revolution, causing the planting arm to harvest seedlings once, and the ring cutting mechanism to work synchronously once.

[0065] In this embodiment, the planting arm includes a seedling claw 8, a seedling pusher 20, a lower housing 30, an upper cover 31, a camshaft 32, a spring II 33, and a connecting rod swing arm 36. A connecting seat 39 is provided on one side of the lower housing 30, connecting to a planetary gear 24. The seedling claw 8 is fixedly mounted on a mounting seat on the other side of the lower housing 30. The seedling pusher 20 is located within the lower housing 30 and parallel to the seedling claw 8. The upper cover 31 is screwed to the top of the lower housing 30. The camshaft 32 is an integrated cam and shaft, mounted within the lower housing 30, with one end mounted on the connecting seat 39. The extension direction of the camshaft 32 is parallel to the seedling pusher. The extension direction of rod 20 is perpendicular; the middle part of the connecting rod swing arm 36 is rotatably hinged to the lower housing 30 of the planting arm through pin 38. One end of the connecting rod swing arm 36 is hinged to the top of the pushing rod 20 through chain fixing seat 35, and the other free end is in contact with the cam profile curve of camshaft 32. The upper end of chain fixing seat 35 is provided with spring support frame 34. Spring II 33 is installed between the upper cover 31 of the planting arm and the spring support frame 34. One end of spring II 33 is supported on the spring support frame 34, and the other end is supported on the upper cover 31 of the planting arm. In the same rotary box 23, one end of the two sets of camshafts 32 is connected through cam connecting rod 37 and fixed to the rotary box housing. When the driven sprocket of the transmission box 13 drives the rotary box housing to rotate, the camshaft 32 only revolves around the sun gear 26 with the rotary box housing. The planet gears 24 and idler gears 25 revolve around the sun gear 26 and rotate on their own axes under the drive of the rotary box housing. Relative motion occurs between the connecting rod arm 36 and the camshaft 32. The free end of the connecting rod arm 36 moves along the cam profile curve of the camshaft 32. When the free end of the connecting rod arm 36 contacts the cam near-repose angle profile curve of the camshaft 32, the spring II 33 is in a relaxed state, that is, the push rod 20 remains extended. When the free end of the connecting rod arm 36 contacts the cam push stroke angle wheel... When the profile curves come into contact, it is the process of spring II 33 being compressed and storing energy, that is, the pusher rod 20 retracts; when the free end of the connecting rod arm 36 contacts the profile curve of the far rest angle of the cam, spring II 33 is in a compressed state, that is, the pusher rod 20 is in a retracted state; since the return motion angle is extremely small or close to zero degrees, the free end of the connecting rod arm 36 quickly disengages from the profile curve of the cam, spring II 33 relaxes and releases energy, and under the action of the spring force, the free end of the connecting rod arm 36 achieves a rapid return motion and quickly contacts the profile curve of the near rest angle of the cam. During this process, the pusher rod 20 quickly extends to push the seedling block 46, realizing the ejection and throwing of seedlings.

[0066] The working principle of this invention is as follows: The root mat 41 is placed on the bottom plate 42 of the seedling box 1 from above. Under the action of gravity and the continuous and precise conveying of the longitudinal seedling conveyor belt 2, the root mat 41 moves to the bottom of the bottom plate 42. The seedling box 1 is then precisely conveyed laterally. When the seedling claw 8 moves downward to the seedling picking opening 21 on the slide rail 3 to pick the seedlings, the pusher 20 is in a retracted state. The combined ring cutter 15 extends upward to a certain height from the seedling picking opening 21. The seedling claw 8 and the combined ring cutter 15 work together to apply shearing force to the root mat 41, and a seedling block 4... 6. The seedling block 46 is cut off from one corner of the root mat 41. The combined ring cutter 15 retracts to below the seedling taking port 21. The seedling block 46 is transported away from the seedling taking port 21 by the seedling claw 8 according to a certain trajectory. When the seedling block 46 is transported to the end of the seedling protection rail 19, the seedling throwing action begins. The ridge mud opening and ditching mechanism ridges the mud and opens seedling furrows on the ridge. At this time, the seedling claw 8 is 20-30cm away from the mud layer. The seedling pusher 20 is quickly ejected. Under the high-speed ejection of the seedling pusher 20, the seedling block 46 enters the seedling furrow on the mud ridge at a certain speed. The mud is backfilled, and the seedling throwing is completed.

[0067] Example 2: A method for cutting and transplanting blanket-shaped seedlings into pieces.

[0068] like Figure 17 As shown, the present invention proposes a method for cutting and transplanting rice mat-like seedlings into blocks, which is used in the rice mat-like seedling cutting and transplanting device of Example 1. It integrates key technologies such as ring cutting of mat-like seedlings, low-position high-speed ejection transplanting, and furrowing and seedling establishment in ridges, and includes the following steps:

[0069] S1. Ring-cut pieces of mat-like seedlings:

[0070] The root mat 41 is placed on the bottom plate 42 of the seedling box 1 from above. Under the influence of gravity and the continuous, precise transport of the longitudinal seedling conveyor belt 2, the root mat 41 moves to the bottom of the seedling box 42, while the seedling box 1 is precisely transported laterally. When the seedling claw 8 moves downwards along the top of the vertically arranged "kidney"-shaped planting trajectory 43 to the seedling collection port 21 on the slide rail 3 to collect seedlings, the pusher rod 20 is in a retracted state. When the seedling claw 8 contacts the root mat 41, the combined ring cutter 15 quickly extends upwards from the seedling collection port 21 to a certain height, penetrating the root mat 41 from below. The downward-moving seedling claw 8 and the combined ring cutter 15 work together to apply shearing force to the root mat 41, cutting off a seedling piece 46 from one corner of the root mat 41. The combined ring cutter 15 then quickly retracts below the seedling collection port 21 (this process corresponds to...). Figure 17 The AB segment of the "kidney" shaped planting trajectory 43 shown: ring-cutting for seedling collection. The seedling claw 8 moves with the seedling block 46 to below the seedling collection port 21. When the seedling box 1 continues to feed the seedlings laterally, the combined ring-cutting blade 15 does not contact the root mat 41.

[0071] Taking an 8-row machine as an example, it requires 8 combined ring cutters, totaling 24 cutters. Taking a 7-inch ordinary mat-shaped seedling as an example, the seedling is fed horizontally 12 times (the seedling claw needs to pick the seedling 12 times). After each row of root mat is cut, the combined ring cutter extends and retracts 12 times.

[0072] S2. Low-position ejection rice seedling throwing:

[0073] Seedling claw 8, carrying seedling block 46, continues to move along the "kidney" shaped planting trajectory 43 into the seedling protection track 19 (corresponding to...). Figure 17 The BC segment of the planting trajectory 43 (transporting seedlings) ensures that the seedling block 46 does not detach from the seedling claw 8. When the seedling block 46 reaches the end of the seedling protection track 19, the seedling throwing action begins. At this time, the seedling claw 8 is 20-30cm above the mud slurry 47. The pushing rod 20 is rapidly launched in the pushing and ejecting direction 45. Under the high-speed ejection of the pushing rod 20, the soil pot 44 of the seedling block 46 is given a certain speed to penetrate into the seedling furrow located on the mud ridge. The mud slurry is then backfilled, completing the seedling throwing (this process corresponds to...). Figure 17 The CD segment of planting trajectory 43 (low-position ejection seedling throwing). After the seedling throwing is completed, the seedling claw 8 and the seedling pusher 20 return along the planting trajectory 43 to the seedling pick-up port 21. The seedling pusher 20 slowly extends and resets to perform the next cutting and throwing operation (this process corresponds to the DA segment of planting trajectory 43: return). The rotary box 23 rotates once and cuts and throws seedlings twice, with each of the two planting arms participating in one cutting and throwing operation.

[0074] S3. Mound soil, furrow, and plant seedlings:

[0075] Before transplanting, the ridge-opening and ditching mechanism squeezes out the mud slurry 47 to form a mud ridge. The ridge is almost dry and the mud slurry is soft. The ditching shovel 5 opens a seedling furrow in the middle of the mud ridge, and the seedling block 46 is ejected and transplanted into the seedling furrow. The mud slurry is then backfilled, and the seedling is shallowly planted.

[0076] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rice paddy blanket-shaped seedling cutting and throwing device, comprising a seedling box (1), the seedling box (1) being supported on a fixed crossbeam (6) and having its bottom end in sliding contact with a slide rail (3), the slide rail (3) being provided with a plurality of seedling taking ports (21), the fixed crossbeam (6) being equipped with a plurality of transmission boxes (13), the power input ends of the plurality of transmission boxes (13) being connected in series through drive shafts to achieve synchronous transmission, and both sides of each power output end being connected to a throwing mechanism, and a ridge mud opening and ditching mechanism being installed below the fixed crossbeam (6), characterized in that: It also includes a ring-cutting mechanism that can ring-cut the root mat (41) into pieces. The ring-cutting mechanism includes a combined ring-cutting blade (15) corresponding to each seedling opening (21) and located below it. The combined ring-cutting blade (15) is telescopically mounted on the transmission box (13) through an elastic support component and connected to the drive shaft through a cam transmission component. When the drive shaft rotates, it drives the cam transmission component and the transmission box (13) to drive synchronously. The cam transmission component drives the combined ring-cutting blade (15) to quickly extend and retract from the seedling opening (21). The transmission box (13) transmits power to the planting mechanism so that its movement cooperates with the combined ring-cutting blade (15) to apply shearing force to the root mat (41) and transport the cut seedling pieces (46) to a low position for ejection and throwing. The ridge mud opening mechanism forms a seedling ditch on the mud ridge for the planting of seedling pieces (46). The combined ring cutter (15) includes a ring cutter with three cutting surfaces, a cutter fixing seat (1503), and a cutter guide rod (1504). The cross-sections of the ring cutter and the cutter fixing seat (1503) are both U-shaped. The ring cutter includes two longitudinal cutters (1501) and one transverse cutter (1502). The top of the cutter adopts a sliding cutting edge. The bottom of each cutter is respectively bolted to the corresponding side plate of the U-shaped cutter fixing seat (1503). The top of the cutter guide rod (1504) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the cutter fixing seat (1503). Below the slide rail (3), corresponding to each seedling inlet (21), there is a seedling guard rail (19). The top of the seedling guard rail (19) is fixedly connected to the slide rail (3) through a U-shaped seedling guard rail fixing seat (27). The upper back of the seedling guard rail (19) is provided with vertically arranged ring cutter guide grooves (1901) on both sides. Each side plate of the seedling guard rail fixing seat (27) is provided with a vertically penetrating ring cutter limiting groove (2701). The combination The ring cutter (15) is located on the back of the seedling guard rail (19). The two side plates of the U-shaped cutter fixing seat (1503) are slidably disposed in the ring cutter guide groove (1901). The longitudinal cutter (1501) and the transverse cutter (1502) both pass through the corresponding ring cutter limiting groove (2701). The combined ring cutter (15) moves up and down in a straight line under the constraint of the ring cutter guide groove (1901) and the ring cutter limiting groove (2701).

2. The rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic support assembly includes a support shaft (7) and several spring connecting assemblies mounted on the support shaft (7) for connecting the combined ring cutter (15). The support shaft (7) is a through shaft passing through the top of all transmission boxes (13) and is fixedly installed on each transmission box (13) by a support. Its length is slightly shorter than the slide rail (3). The spring connecting assembly includes a spring I (16), a clamping side bracket (28), and a spring fixing support (29). The clamping side bracket (28) includes a clamping base II (2801) mounted on the support shaft (7) and a side bracket I (2802) connected to one side of the clamping base II (2801). The spring fixing support ( 29) Includes a U-shaped side bracket II (2901) and a spring sleeve (2902). The two side plates of the U-shaped side bracket II (2901) are inclined to the bottom plate. The spring sleeve (2902) is vertically connected to the middle of the bottom plate and has a through hole. The two side plates of the U-shaped side bracket II (2901) are respectively fixedly connected to the other end of the side bracket I (2802) at a certain angle. The spring sleeve (2902) is sleeved on the cutter guide rod (1504). The spring I (16) is sleeved on the spring sleeve (2902). The upper end of the spring I (16) is supported on the lower end surface of the side bracket II (2901), and the lower end is supported on the cam transmission assembly.

3. The rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and transplanting device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The cam transmission assembly includes a drive frame and a combined cam rocker arm (11); the combined cam rocker arm (11) includes a clamping base I (1101) and a cam rocker arm (1102). The clamping base I (1101) is clamped and mounted on the drive shaft by fixing bolts (17). One end of the cam rocker arm (1102) is connected to one side of the clamping base I (1101) and its plane is perpendicular to the drive shaft. The drive frame includes an L-shaped frame and rollers (18). The horizontal side of the L-shaped frame has a mounting through hole and a through-hole. The bottom end of the cutter guide rod (1504) is fixedly connected to the bolt. The lower end of the spring I (16) is supported on the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame. The roller (18) is rotatably mounted on the vertical side end of the L-shaped frame and forms a Z-shaped integral structure parallel to the horizontal side of the L-shaped frame. The outline of the cam rocker (1102) is in rolling contact with the roller (18). When the drive shaft rotates, the cam rocker (1102) pushes the drive frame to move, causing the spring I (16) to compress and relax, and driving the combined ring cutter (15) to extend and retract from the seedling opening (21).

4. The rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and transplanting device according to claim 3, characterized in that: The extension and retraction process of the combined ring cutter (15) is as follows: assuming the initial position is the relaxed state of spring I (16), the combined ring cutter (15) is in the retracted state; when the drive shaft rotates counterclockwise, it drives the combined cam rocker arm (11) to rotate synchronously, and the cam rocker arm (1102) makes rolling contact with the roller (18). When the contact point is located on the contour curve of the cam push stroke motion angle, it pushes the drive frame to move upward. The drive frame compresses spring I (16) and drives the combined ring cutter (15) to move upward. After the cutter of (15) extends a certain height from the seedling opening (21), the contact point enters the contour curve of the far rest angle of the cam. The spring I (16) is in a compressed state, and the height of the cutter of the combined ring cutter (15) extending from the seedling opening (21) remains unchanged. When the combined cam rocker arm (11) continues to rotate, due to the extremely small return motion angle of the cam, the cam rocker arm (1102) and the roller (18) quickly disengage. Under the action of the spring force, the drive frame quickly returns to its original position, and the cutter of the combined ring cutter (15) quickly retracts to below the seedling opening (21).

5. The rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and transplanting device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ridge mud opening and ditching mechanism includes a ridge mud support connected to a fixed crossbeam (6), several slippers (4) and ditching shovels (5) installed on the ridge mud support. A ditching shovel (5) located directly below the seedling opening (21) is provided between every two slippers (4). Each ditching shovel (5) corresponds to a cutting and throwing row. The front end of the slipper (4) is pointed, and a trapezoidal ridge squeezing channel with a narrow top and wide bottom is formed between adjacent slippers (4).

6. The rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and transplanting device according to claim 5, characterized in that, The planting mechanism includes a rotary box (23) and two sets of planting arms. The rotary box (23) includes a rotary box housing and an eccentric gear planetary gear transmission assembly located inside the rotary box housing. The eccentric gear planetary gear transmission assembly includes five identical eccentric gears arranged in a straight line, namely a sun gear (26), idler gears (25) meshing on both sides of the sun gear (26), and planetary gears (24) meshing on the outside of each idler gear (25). The gear transmission ratio is 1:

1. Each planetary gear (24) is equipped with a set of planting arms on the side away from the transmission box (13). The sun gear (26) is fixedly connected to the housing of the transmission box (13) and does not rotate. The output end of the transmission box (13) is connected to the rotary box housing. When the transmission box (13) drives the rotary box housing to rotate, the eccentric gear planetary gear transmission assembly enables the planting arms to move along the "kidney" shaped planting trajectory (43).

7. The rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and transplanting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The transmission box (13) is equipped with a drive sprocket and a driven sprocket. A chain (22) is wound between the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket. The drive sprocket is mounted on the drive shaft. The two ends of the driven sprocket's shaft are fixedly connected to a rotary box housing. The driven sprocket's shaft is coaxial with the mounting shaft of the sun gear (26). The transmission ratio between the drive sprocket and the driven sprocket is 2:

1. When the drive sprocket rotates one revolution, the rotary box housing rotates half a revolution, so that the planting arm picks seedlings once. The ring cutting mechanism works synchronously once.

8. The rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and transplanting device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The planting arm includes a seedling claw (8), a seedling pusher (20), a lower housing (30), an upper cover (31), a camshaft (32), a spring (33), and a connecting rod swing arm (36). A connecting seat (39) is provided on one side of the lower housing (30) and connected to a planetary gear (24). The seedling claw (8) is fixedly mounted on a mounting seat on the other side of the lower housing (30). The seedling pusher (20) is located in the lower housing (30) and parallel to the seedling claw (8). The upper cover (31) is mounted on the top of the lower housing (30) with screws. The camshaft (32) is mounted in the lower housing (30) and one end is mounted on the connecting seat (36). On 39), the extension direction of the camshaft (32) is perpendicular to the extension direction of the pusher rod (20); the middle part of the connecting rod swing arm (36) is rotatably hinged to the lower housing (30) of the planting arm through the pin (38), one end of the connecting rod swing arm (36) is hinged to the top of the pusher rod (20) through the chain fixing seat (35), and the other free end is in contact with the cam profile curve of the camshaft (32). The upper end of the chain fixing seat (35) is provided with a spring support frame (34), and the spring II (33) is installed between the upper cover (31) of the planting arm and the spring support frame (34). One end of the spring II (33) is supported on the spring support frame (34), and the other end is supported on the upper cover (31) of the planting arm. In the same rotary box (23), one end of the two sets of camshafts (32) is connected by a cam connecting rod (37) and fixed to the rotary box housing. When the driven sprocket of the transmission box (13) drives the rotary box housing to rotate, the camshaft (32) only revolves around the sun gear (26) with the rotary box housing. The planet gear (24) and idler gear (25) revolve around the sun gear (26) and rotate on their own axis under the drive of the rotary box housing. The connecting rod arm (36) and the camshaft (32) move relative to each other. The free end of the connecting rod arm (36) moves along the cam profile curve of the camshaft (32), so that the spring II (33) can alternately compress and store energy and release energy. When the spring II (33) compresses and stores energy, the pushing rod (20) retracts. When the spring II (33) releases energy, the pushing rod (20) is pushed out to eject the seedlings.

9. The rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and transplanting device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The extension and retraction process of the pusher rod (20) is as follows: when the free end of the connecting rod arm (36) contacts the cam near rest angle profile curve of the cam shaft (32), the spring II (33) is in a relaxed state, that is, the pusher rod (20) remains extended; when the free end of the connecting rod arm (36) contacts the cam push stroke motion angle profile curve, it is the process of the spring II (33) being compressed and storing energy, that is, the pusher rod (20) retracts; when the free end of the connecting rod arm (36) contacts the cam far rest angle wheel When the profile curves come into contact, spring II (33) is in a compressed state, that is, the pusher rod (20) is in a retracted state. Since the return motion angle is extremely small or close to zero degrees, the free end of the connecting rod arm (36) quickly separates from the cam profile curve, and spring II (33) releases energy. Under the action of the spring force, the free end of the connecting rod arm (36) achieves a rapid return motion and quickly comes into contact with the cam near rest angle profile curve. During this process, the pusher rod (20) quickly extends to push the seedling block (46) to achieve ejection and throwing of seedlings.

10. The rice blanket-shaped seedling cutting and transplanting device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The seedling box (1) contains multiple root mat placement units, each root mat placement unit corresponds to a cutting and planting row, and each root mat placement unit is provided with a longitudinal seedling conveyor belt (2) below it. The longitudinal seedling conveyor belt (2) delivers seedlings at each longitudinal distance with the same width as the longitudinal cutter (1501), and the seedling box (1) delivers seedlings at each transverse distance with the same width as the transverse cutter (1502).

11. A method for cutting and transplanting rice mat-like seedlings into blocks, used in the rice mat-like seedling cutting and transplanting device according to claim 10, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. Ring-cut pieces of mat-like seedlings: The root blanket (41) is placed on the seedling box (1), and under the action of gravity and the continuous and precise transfer of the longitudinal seedling conveyor belt (2), it moves to the bottom of the seedling box (1), and the seedling box (1) is transferred laterally in a precise manner. When the seedling claw (8) moves downward along the top of the vertically arranged "kidney" shaped planting track (43) to the seedling picking port (21) on the slide rail (3) to pick seedlings, the seedling pusher (20) is in a retracted state at this time; when the seedling claw (8) contacts the root mat (41), the combined ring cutter (15) quickly extends upward to a certain height from the seedling picking port (21) and penetrates the root mat (41) from below. The seedling claw (8) and the combined ring cutter (15) continue to move downward and work together to apply shearing force to the root mat (41). After cutting off a seedling piece (46) from one corner of the root mat (41), the combined ring cutter (15) quickly retracts to below the seedling picking port (21); when the seedling claw (8) moves with the seedling piece (46) to below the seedling picking port (21) and the seedling box (1) continues to feed seedlings horizontally, the combined ring cutter (15) does not contact the root mat (41); S2. Low-position ejection rice seedling throwing: The seedling claw (8) continues to move along the "kidney" shaped planting trajectory (43) into the seedling protection track (19) with the seedling block (46) in it, so that the seedling block (46) does not detach from the seedling claw (8); When the seedling block (46) is transported to the end of the seedling protection rail (19), the seedling throwing action begins. At this time, the seedling claw (8) throws the seedling at a height of 20-30cm from the mud (47). The seedling pusher (20) is quickly ejected, and the soil pot (44) of the seedling block (46) is given a certain speed to penetrate into the seedling furrow on the mud ridge under the high-speed ejection of the seedling pusher (20). The mud (47) is backfilled, and the seedling throwing is completed. After the seedlings are planted, the seedling claw (8) and the seedling pusher (20) return along the planting trajectory (43) to the seedling pick-up port (21). The seedling pusher (20) slowly extends and resets to perform the next cutting and seedling throwing operation. The rotary box (23) rotates once to cut and throw seedlings twice, and each of the two planting arms participates in one cutting and throwing operation. S3. Mound soil, furrow, and plant seedlings: Before transplanting, the ridge-ditching mechanism squeezes out mud (47) to form a ridge, and the ditching shovel (5) digs out a seedling ditch in the middle of the ridge.

Images