Cultivation method for efficiently producing black fungus

Abstract

The invention discloses a cultivation method for efficiently producing black fungus, and belongs to the technical field of edible fungus cultivation. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing a composite base material, and sterilizing; in a sterile environment, black fungus strains are inoculated into the fungus bags; then first mycelium culture is conducted, and first puncturing is conducted after the bags are filled with mycelia; carrying out second mycelium culture, and carrying out second puncturing after the ear buds are sealed; then the fungus bags are hung for first fungus growing, when the diameter of fungus pieces reaches 2 cm, the fungus pieces are transferred to a ground bed, the non-punctured faces are attached to the ground and covered with acupuncture cotton treated with lime water for second fungus growing, and when the diameter of the fungus pieces ranges from 4 cm to 5 cm, harvesting is conducted. By adopting the production and cultivation process, the yield and quality of the agaric are improved under the condition of not applying additional nutritional agents, the utilization rate of the substrate is improved, and the benefits are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of edible fungus production technology, specifically relating to a cultivation method for the efficient production of black fungus. Background Technology

[0002] Black fungus, also known as black vegetable, cloud ear, or glossy fungus, belongs to the Auricularia genus of the Auriculariaceae family. It is a precious edible and medicinal gelatinous fungus in my country and is also recognized worldwide as a health food. Black fungus contains a variety of bioactive components that can regulate the immune system, inhibit tumor growth, and lower blood lipids and blood sugar. It also has moisturizing, lung-clearing, qi-regulating, blood-activating, bowel-regulating, cough-relieving, and phlegm-reducing effects, making it highly valuable for both its nutritional and medicinal purposes.

[0003] Currently, large-scale black fungus production mainly relies on bag cultivation technology. The conventional process includes: substrate preparation: mainly using sawdust, cottonseed hulls, and straw crushed materials, supplemented with bran, minerals, etc.; bagging and sterilization: high-temperature resistant plastic bags are used for sealing and high-pressure sterilization; inoculation and cultivation: inoculation of spawn is carried out in a sterile environment, and mycelium is cultivated under dark conditions; cutting and fruiting: after the mycelium fills the bag, a cut or puncture is made, and the fruiting organs are grown by hanging them in a greenhouse or placing them vertically on a ground bed. However, existing technologies suffer from serious drawbacks that severely restrict industrial development, leading to bottlenecks in yield and quality. Traditional single-puncture / cutting methods often result in uneven fruiting, thin and small fruiting bodies, and a bioconversion rate generally below 80%. Extensive management of the fruiting environment (e.g., constant humidity and temperature) results in insufficient accumulation of gelatinous material in the fruiting bodies, large fluctuations in polysaccharide content, and a marketable fruiting body ratio of less than 70%. High contamination rates are also a concern, with open-type fruiting stages susceptible to infection by *Neurospora* and *Trichoderma*, reaching 15-25% and causing significant economic losses. Stability is poor, with only 1-2 flushes of fruiting material available before subsequent fruiting vigor declines. Delayed environmental response (e.g., sudden humidity changes) leads to fruiting body rot and stunted growth, causing annual yield fluctuations exceeding 30%. Traditional substrates lack functional additives, resulting in weak mycelial resistance and an unsuitable carbon-to-nitrogen ratio that affects primordia differentiation efficiency. Mycelial development and fruiting body growth are not optimized in stages (e.g., imbalanced temperature / humidity / CO2 coupling). The lack of alternating wet and dry stimulation during the fruiting period hinders polysaccharide synthesis and cell wall thickening. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a cultivation method for producing black fungus with high efficiency. The cultivation method of this invention has high substrate utilization, high yield, and good quality, which can improve efficiency.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] This invention provides a cultivation method for efficiently producing black fungus, comprising the following steps:

[0007] S1. Prepare the composite base material and sterilize it;

[0008] S2. Under sterile conditions, inoculate the black fungus spawn into the spawn bag;

[0009] S3. Then, the first mycelial culture is carried out. After the mycelium fills the bag, the first hole is pierced.

[0010] S4. Then proceed with the second mycelial culture, and after the ear buds are sealed, proceed with the second puncture.

[0011] S5. Then hang the bags to allow the first ear to develop. When the ear diameter reaches 2cm, transfer them to the ground bed and cover the un-perforated side with lime-treated needle-punched cotton to allow the second ear to develop. Harvest when the ear diameter reaches 4-5cm.

[0012] Preferably, the composite base material in S1 includes 45-55 parts of broadleaf tree wood chips, 25-30 parts of corn cob powder, 10-12 parts of wheat bran, 2-3 parts of soybean cake, 0.8-1.2 parts of Andrographis paniculata powder, 1.0-1.5 parts of Malva nut powder, 0.8-1.0 parts of gypsum powder, 0.5-1.0 parts of lime powder, and 0.5-0.8 parts of brown sugar; the composite base material has a moisture content of 62-65% and a pH value of 6.5-7.0.

[0013] Preferably, the amount of black fungus inoculated in S2 is 5-8 wt%.

[0014] Preferably, the temperature for the first mycelium culture in S3 is 23-25℃ and the humidity is 60-65%.

[0015] Preferably, in S3, the diameter of the first puncture hole is 6mm, the depth is 8mm, and the number of holes is 120-140 holes / bag.

[0016] Preferably, the second mycelium culture temperature in S4 is 26-28℃ and the humidity is 75-80%.

[0017] Preferably, in S4, the second puncture hole has a diameter of 8mm, a depth of 15mm, and a number of holes of 40-50 per bag.

[0018] Preferably, the first ear environment parameter in S5 is:

[0019] Temperature: Constant at 25℃;

[0020] Humidity: 85-90%;

[0021] Light intensity: 200-300 lux diffused light intensity, 10 hours of light per day;

[0022] Ventilation is required; CO2 concentration should be <800ppm.

[0023] Preferably, the second ear environment parameter in S5 is:

[0024] Temperature: Constant at 22℃;

[0025] Humidity: Alternate between dry and wet management. Spray water until the humidity is >95%, then stop watering and ventilate for 1.5 hours until the humidity drops to 70-75%. Repeat this cycle 6-8 times daily.

[0026] Light: 500-800 lux diffused light, 8-10 hours per day;

[0027] Ventilation: CO2 concentration <1000ppm.

[0028] Preferably, in step S5, fungus with an ear diameter ≥ 4cm is harvested, and after harvesting, water is withheld for 3-5 days to allow the fungus to grow. Then step S5 is repeated.

[0029] It contains at least the following beneficial technical effects:

[0030] This invention first prepares and sterilizes a composite substrate; under sterile conditions, black fungus spawn is inoculated into the substrate bags; then, the first mycelial culture is carried out, and after the mycelium fills the bag, the first perforation is made; then, the second mycelial culture is carried out, and after the ear buds seal, the second perforation is made; then, the substrate bags are hung for the first ear development; then, when the ear diameter reaches 2cm, they are transferred to a ground bed, and the unperforated side is covered with needle-punched cotton treated with lime water for the second ear development; harvesting is carried out when the ear diameter reaches 4-5cm. This production and cultivation process improves the yield and quality of black fungus, increases substrate utilization, and significantly improves economic benefits without the application of additional nutrients. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This invention provides a cultivation method for efficiently producing black fungus, comprising the following steps:

[0032] S1. Prepare the composite base material and sterilize it;

[0033] S2. Under sterile conditions, inoculate the black fungus spawn into the spawn bag;

[0034] S3. Then, the first mycelial culture is carried out. After the mycelium fills the bag, the first hole is pierced.

[0035] S4. Then proceed with the second mycelial culture, and after the ear buds are sealed, proceed with the second puncture.

[0036] S5. Then hang the bags to allow the first ear to develop. When the ear diameter reaches 2cm, transfer them to the ground bed and cover the un-perforated side with lime-treated needle-punched cotton to allow the second ear to develop. Harvest when the ear diameter reaches 4-5cm.

[0037] The present invention first prepares a composite base material and then sterilizes it.

[0038] Preferably, the composite base material in S1 comprises 45-55 parts broadleaf tree sawdust, 25-30 parts corn cob powder, 10-12 parts wheat bran, 2-3 parts soybean cake, 0.8-1.2 parts Andrographis paniculata powder, 1.0-1.5 parts Malva nut powder, 0.8-1.0 parts gypsum powder, 0.5-1.0 parts lime powder, and 0.5-0.8 parts brown sugar; the moisture content of the composite base material is 62-65%, and the pH value is 6.5-7.0; more preferably, the composite base material comprises 50 parts broadleaf tree sawdust, 28 parts corn cob powder, 11 parts wheat bran, 2.5 parts soybean cake, 1 part Andrographis paniculata powder, 1.2 parts Malva nut powder, 0.9 parts gypsum powder, 0.8 parts lime powder, and 0.7 parts brown sugar; the moisture content of the composite base material is 63%, and the pH value is 6.8.

[0039] Broadleaf tree chips and corn cobs provide long-lasting carbon sources such as lignocellulose to support the continuous growth of mycelium.

[0040] Wheat bran and soybean cake: supplement nitrogen and vitamins, and promote healthy mycelium.

[0041] Andrographis paniculata powder and Malva nut powder: Andrographis paniculata contains lactones, which inhibit bacterial / mold contamination; Malva nut polysaccharides enhance mycelial resistance and promote primordia differentiation.

[0042] Gypsum and lime: Adjust the pH to 6.5-7.0, and calcium ions strengthen the cell wall, reducing ear rot.

[0043] Brown sugar: a fast-acting carbon source that accelerates bacterial colonization.

[0044] This invention involves inoculating black fungus spawn into a fungal bag under sterile conditions.

[0045] Preferably, the amount of black fungus inoculation in S2 is 5-8 wt%. A suitable inoculation amount can reduce the waste of fungus and improve the bioavailability.

[0046] In this invention, the first mycelium culture is carried out, and after the mycelium fills the bag, the first puncture is performed.

[0047] Preferably, the temperature for the first mycelium culture in S3 is 23-25℃ and the humidity is 60-65%. More preferably, the temperature is 24℃ and the humidity is 63%.

[0048] Preferably, in step S3, the first puncture hole has a diameter of 6 mm, a depth of 8 mm, and a number of 120-140 holes per bag. The micropores of the first puncture hole induce uniform differentiation of primordia, avoiding nutrient competition caused by concentrated ear emergence and solving the problem of asynchronous ear emergence.

[0049] In this invention, a second mycelial culture is performed, and a second puncture is made after the ear buds are sealed.

[0050] Preferably, the second mycelium culture temperature in S4 is 26-28℃ and the humidity is 75-80%; more preferably, the temperature is 27℃ and the humidity is 78%.

[0051] Preferably, in step S4, the second puncture hole has a diameter of 8 mm and a depth of 15 mm, with 40-50 holes per bag. The deep puncture hole increases the oxygen absorption area of ​​the mycelium, stimulates the expansion of the fruiting body, and overcomes the growth bottleneck of the ear-shaped appendages.

[0052] This invention involves suspending the mushroom bag for the first ear development, and then transferring it to the ground bed when the ear diameter reaches 2cm. The un-perforated side is then covered with needle-punched cotton treated with lime water for the second ear development. Harvesting is carried out when the ear diameter reaches 4-5cm.

[0053] During the hanging period, gravity allows the ear-like structures to droop naturally, prompting the mycelium to secrete more chitin and gelatinous support structures, significantly increasing the thickness of the ear-like structures. The hanging state prevents the ear-like structures from stacking, increasing light utilization by 40% and ensuring photosynthetic assimilation rates during the young ear-like stages. Around 2cm in diameter, the black fungus reaches a critical point where cells transition from the division phase to the expansion phase. As cell volume increases, a continuous water supply is required, maintained through moisture retention in the substrate. This simultaneously increases the thickness and yield of the black fungus, ensuring mycelial activation and nutrient supply, guaranteeing growth space for the ear-like structures, and stimulating the mycelium to secrete extracellular enzymes through slight pressure from the cotton layer, promoting gelatinous synthesis.

[0054] Preferably, the first ear environment parameter in S5 is:

[0055] Temperature: Constant at 25℃;

[0056] Humidity: 85-90%;

[0057] Light intensity: 200-300 lux diffused light intensity, 10 hours of light per day;

[0058] Ventilation is required; CO2 concentration should be <800ppm.

[0059] Preferably, the second ear environment parameter in S5 is:

[0060] Temperature: Constant at 22℃;

[0061] Humidity: Alternate between dry and wet management. Spray water until the humidity is >95%, then stop watering and ventilate for 1.5 hours until the humidity drops to 70-75%. Repeat this cycle 6-8 times daily.

[0062] Light: 500-800 lux diffused light, 8-10 hours per day;

[0063] Ventilation: CO2 concentration <1000ppm.

[0064] Preferably, in step S5, fungus with an ear diameter ≥ 4cm is harvested, and after harvesting, water is withheld for 3-5 days to allow the fungus to grow. Then step S5 is repeated.

[0065] This invention uses alternating wet and dry management to simulate natural dew stimulation, promoting gelatin conversion and improving the quality and yield of wood ear mushrooms.

[0066] Various exemplary embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail. This detailed description should not be considered as a limitation of the present invention, but rather as a more detailed description of certain aspects, features, and embodiments of the present invention.

[0067] It should be understood that the terminology used in this invention is merely for describing particular embodiments and is not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, with respect to numerical ranges in this invention, it should be understood that each intermediate value between the upper and lower limits of the range is also specifically disclosed. Every smaller range between any stated value or intermediate value within a stated range, and any other stated value or intermediate value within said range, is also included in this invention. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may be independently included or excluded from the range.

[0068] Unless otherwise stated, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. While only preferred methods and materials have been described herein, any methods and materials similar or equivalent to those described herein may be used in the implementation or testing of this invention. All references to this specification are incorporated by way of citation to disclose and describe methods and / or materials associated with those references. In the event of any conflict with any incorporated reference, the content of this specification shall prevail.

[0069] Various modifications and variations can be made to the specific embodiments described in this specification without departing from the scope or spirit of the invention, as will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Other embodiments derived from this specification will also be obvious to those skilled in the art. This application specification and embodiments are merely exemplary.

[0070] The terms “include,” “including,” “have,” “contain,” etc., used in this article are all open-ended terms, meaning that they include but are not limited to.

[0071] Unless otherwise specified, "room temperature" and "normal temperature" in this invention refer to 25±2℃.

[0072] Unless otherwise specified, all raw materials or instruments used in the following embodiments of the present invention are commercially available.

[0073] Example 1

[0074] S1. The composite base material is prepared by weight ratio as follows: 50 parts broadleaf tree wood chips, 28 parts corn cob powder, 11 parts wheat bran, 2.5 parts soybean cake, 1 part andrographis paniculata powder, 1.2 parts malva nut powder, 0.9 parts gypsum powder, 0.8 parts lime powder, and 0.7 parts brown sugar. The moisture content of the composite base material is 63%, the pH value is 6.8, and it is sterilized and packaged into a polyethylene bag with a size of 17cm × 33cm.

[0075] S2. Under sterile conditions, inoculate the No. 1 black fungus strain into the bags at an inoculation rate of 6 wt%.

[0076] S3. Then, the first mycelial culture was carried out at a temperature of 24℃ and a humidity of 63%. After the mycelium filled the bag, the first perforation was carried out with a hole diameter of 6mm and a depth of 8mm, and the number of holes was 130 per bag.

[0077] S4. Then, the second mycelial culture is carried out under the conditions of 27℃ and 78% humidity. After the ear buds are sealed, the second perforation is carried out with a hole diameter of 8mm and a depth of 15mm, and the number of holes is 45 per bag.

[0078] S5. Then hang the bags to allow the first ear growth. When the ear diameter reaches 2cm, transfer them to the ground bed and cover the un-perforated side with lime-treated needle-punched cotton to allow the second ear growth. Harvest when the ear diameter is ≥4cm. After harvesting, repeat S5 to continue cultivation.

[0079] The environmental parameters for the first ear are:

[0080] Temperature: Constant at 25℃;

[0081] Humidity: 88%;

[0082] Light intensity: 250 lux diffused light intensity, 10 hours of light per day;

[0083] Ventilation is required; CO2 concentration should be <800ppm.

[0084] The environmental parameters for the second ear examination are:

[0085] Temperature: Constant at 22℃;

[0086] Humidity: Alternate between dry and wet management. Spray water until the humidity is >95%, then stop watering and ventilate for 1.5 hours until the humidity drops to 73%. Repeat this cycle 7 times a day.

[0087] Light: 650 lux diffused light, 9 hours per day;

[0088] Ventilation: CO2 concentration <1000ppm.

[0089] Example 2

[0090] S1. The composite base material is prepared by weight ratio of 45 parts broadleaf tree wood chips, 25 parts corn cob powder, 10 parts wheat bran, 2 parts soybean cake, 0.8 parts andrographis paniculata powder, 1.0 part malva nut powder, 0.8 parts gypsum powder, 0.5 parts lime powder, and 0.5 parts brown sugar. The moisture content of the composite base material is 62%, the pH value is 6.8, and it is sterilized and packaged into a polyethylene bag with a size of 17cm×33cm.

[0091] S2. Under sterile conditions, inoculate the No. 1 black fungus strain into the bags at an inoculation rate of 5wt%.

[0092] S3. Then, the first mycelial culture is carried out at a temperature of 23℃ and a humidity of 60%. After the mycelium fills the bag, the first perforation is carried out with a hole diameter of 6mm and a depth of 8mm, and the number of holes is 120 per bag.

[0093] S4. Then, the second mycelial culture is carried out under the conditions of 26℃ and 75% humidity. After the ear buds are sealed, the second perforation is carried out with a hole diameter of 8mm and a depth of 15mm, and the number of holes is 40 per bag.

[0094] S5. Then hang the bags to allow the first ear growth. When the ear diameter reaches 2cm, transfer them to the ground bed and cover the un-perforated side with lime-treated needle-punched cotton to allow the second ear growth. Harvest when the ear diameter is ≥4cm. After harvesting, repeat S5 to continue cultivation.

[0095] The environmental parameters for the first ear are:

[0096] Temperature: Constant at 25℃;

[0097] Humidity: 85%;

[0098] Light intensity: 200 lux diffused light intensity, 10 hours of light per day;

[0099] Ventilation is required; CO2 concentration should be <800ppm.

[0100] The environmental parameters for the second ear examination are:

[0101] Temperature: Constant at 22℃;

[0102] Humidity: Alternate between dry and wet management. Spray water until the humidity is >95%, then stop watering and ventilate for 1.5 hours until the humidity drops to 70%. Repeat this cycle 6 times a day.

[0103] Light: 500 lux diffused light, 9 hours per day;

[0104] Ventilation: CO2 concentration <1000ppm.

[0105] Example 3

[0106] S1. The composite base material is prepared by weight ratio of 55 parts broadleaf tree wood chips, 30 parts corn cob powder, 12 parts wheat bran, 3 parts soybean cake, 1.2 parts andrographis paniculata powder, 1.5 parts malva nut powder, 1.0 part gypsum powder, 1.0 part lime powder, and 0.8 parts brown sugar. The moisture content of the composite base material is 65%, the pH value is 7.0, and it is sterilized and packaged into a polyethylene bag with a size of 17cm×33cm.

[0107] S2. Under sterile conditions, inoculate the No. 1 black fungus strain into the bags at an inoculation rate of 8wt%.

[0108] S3. Then, the first mycelial culture is carried out under the conditions of 25℃ and 65% humidity. After the mycelium fills the bag, the first hole is made with a hole diameter of 6mm and a depth of 8mm, and the number of holes is 140 per bag.

[0109] S4. Then, the second mycelial culture is carried out under the conditions of 28℃ and 80% humidity. After the ear buds are sealed, the second perforation is carried out with a hole diameter of 8mm and a depth of 15mm, and the number of holes is 50 per bag.

[0110] S5. Then hang the bags to allow the first ear growth. When the ear diameter reaches 2cm, transfer them to the ground bed and cover the un-perforated side with lime-treated needle-punched cotton to allow the second ear growth. Harvest when the ear diameter is ≥4cm. After harvesting, repeat S5 to continue cultivation.

[0111] The environmental parameters for the first ear are:

[0112] Temperature: Constant at 25℃;

[0113] Humidity: 90%;

[0114] Light intensity: 300 lux diffused light intensity, 10 hours of light per day;

[0115] Ventilation is required; CO2 concentration should be <800ppm.

[0116] The environmental parameters for the second ear examination are:

[0117] Temperature: Constant at 22℃;

[0118] Humidity: Alternate between dry and wet management. Spray water until the humidity is >95%, then stop watering and ventilate for 1.5 hours until the humidity drops to 75%. Repeat this cycle 8 times a day.

[0119] Light: 800 lux diffused light, 10 hours per day;

[0120] Ventilation: CO2 concentration <1000ppm.

[0121] Comparative Example 1

[0122] The comparative example follows the same method and steps as Example 1, except that the S1 matrix raw material does not contain Andrographis paniculata powder or Malva nut powder.

[0123] Comparative Example 2

[0124] The comparative example follows the same method and steps as Example 1, except that S5 is performed on the ground without suspension.

[0125] Experimental Example

[0126] The yield of wood ear mushrooms from Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-2 was calculated after four rounds of harvesting, as shown in Table 1; the average thickness of the wood ear mushrooms was measured, as shown in Table 2, and the average value was calculated by randomly selecting 100 wood ear mushrooms.

[0127] Table 1

[0128] sample Yield: kg dried ear fungus / 100 kg dried material Example 1 17.84 Example 2 17.25 Example 3 18.01 Comparative Example 1 14.75 Comparative Example 2 12.11 Commercially available similar varieties 13.38

[0129] Table 2

[0130] sample Average thickness / mm Example 1 1.21 Example 2 1.18 Example 3 1.23 Comparative Example 1 0.85 Comparative Example 2 0.71 Commercially available similar varieties 0.76

[0131] It is evident that the cultivation method of this invention provides a substrate of excellent quality with antibacterial properties, reducing the incidence of disease in wood ear mushrooms; it can significantly improve yield and quality, has high substrate utilization, saves costs, and increases profits.

[0132] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cultivation method for efficiently producing black fungus, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Prepare the composite base material and sterilize it; S2. Under sterile conditions, inoculate the black fungus spawn into the spawn bag; S3. Then, the first mycelial culture is carried out. After the mycelium fills the bag, the first hole is pierced. S4. Then proceed with the second mycelial culture, and after the ear buds are sealed, proceed with the second puncture. S5. Then hang the bags to allow the first ear to develop. When the ear diameter reaches 2cm, transfer them to the ground bed and cover the un-perforated side with lime-treated needle-punched cotton to allow the second ear to develop. Harvest when the ear diameter reaches 4-5cm.

2. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite base material in S1 includes 45-55 parts of broadleaf tree wood chips, 25-30 parts of corn cob powder, 10-12 parts of wheat bran, 2-3 parts of soybean cake, 0.8-1.2 parts of Andrographis paniculata powder, 1.0-1.5 parts of Malva nut powder, 0.8-1.0 parts of gypsum powder, 0.5-1.0 parts of lime powder, and 0.5-0.8 parts of brown sugar; the moisture content of the composite base material is 62-65%, and the pH value is 6.5-7.

0.

3. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inoculation amount of black fungus in S2 is 5-8 wt%.

4. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The temperature for the first mycelium culture in S3 is 23-25℃, and the humidity is 60-65%.

5. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first puncture hole in S3 has a diameter of 6mm, a depth of 8mm, and a number of holes of 120-140 per bag.

6. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second mycelium in S4 is cultured at a temperature of 26-28℃ and a humidity of 75-80%.

7. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second puncture hole in S4 has a diameter of 8mm, a depth of 15mm, and a number of holes of 40-50 per bag.

8. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first ear environment parameter in S5 is: Temperature: Constant at 25℃; Humidity: 85-90%; Light intensity: 200-300 lux diffused light intensity, 10 hours of light per day; Ventilation is required; CO2 concentration should be <800ppm.

9. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second ear environment parameter in S5 is: Temperature: Constant at 22℃; Humidity: Alternate between dry and wet management. Spray water until the humidity is >95%, then stop watering and ventilate for 1.5 hours until the humidity drops to 70-75%. Repeat this cycle 6-8 times daily. Light: 500-800 lux diffused light, 8-10 hours per day; Ventilation: CO2 concentration <1000ppm.

10. The cultivation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S5, fungus with an ear diameter ≥ 4cm is harvested. After harvesting, water is stopped for 3-5 days to allow the fungus to grow. Then step S5 is repeated.