Industrialized seedling raising method for shortening growth period of astragalus membranaceus

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medicinal plant seedling culture, in particular to an industrialized seedling culture method for shortening the growth period of astragalus membranaceus. According to the seedling culture method, a multi-layer seedling culture frame integrated sensor network, a tidal irrigation system, a vermiculite and perlite matrix recycling technology and a digital management platform are adopted, the matrix cost can be reduced, and the space utilization rate can be increased; cultivation environment parameters and water and fertilizer supply are dynamically regulated and controlled, and three-dimensional, precise and efficient astragalus membranaceus seedling culture is achieved. According to the method, the astragalus membranaceus seedling raising period is remarkably shortened to 1 / 3 of that of a traditional method, the seedling survival rate is increased to 85% or above, common diseases and insect pests in traditional seedling raising are reduced, meanwhile, 80% of planting space is saved, and the method is suitable for large-scale production.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of medicinal plant seedling technology, specifically a factory-scale seedling production method for shortening the growth period of Astragalus membranaceus. Background Technology

[0002] Astragalus ( Astragalus membranaceus (Fisch.) Bunge It belongs to the legume family and is a perennial herb that prefers cool, sunny environments. It is cold-hardy, but dislikes heat, drought-tolerant, and intolerant of waterlogging.

[0003] The roots of Astragalus membranaceus are rich in flavonoids, polysaccharides, amino acids, and other active ingredients, giving it unique pharmacological effects. In Traditional Chinese Medicine, there's a saying that "nine out of ten herbs contain Astragalus membranaceus," highlighting its crucial role. It is commonly used as a tonic and conditioning medicine. It is widely applied to enhance immunity, boost physical strength, and tonify the spleen and lungs.

[0004] Astragalus, an important traditional Chinese medicinal herb, has a long traditional seedling cultivation cycle (2-3 years) and is constrained by the natural environment, resulting in low space utilization and extensive management. Current technologies often use non-renewable peat moss as the seedling substrate, and water and fertilizer management relies on experience, lacking precise control methods. Furthermore, traditional planar seedling cultivation requires a large area, making it difficult to meet the needs of large-scale production. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a seedling cultivation method for Astragalus that shortens the growth cycle, saves resources, and can be applied in industrial settings. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the prior art and propose a factory-scale seedling cultivation method for shortening the growth period of Astragalus membranaceus. This method significantly shortens the seedling cultivation cycle of Astragalus membranaceus, improves the survival rate, and reduces the seedling cost. Factory-scale seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus has now been realized.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution specifically adopted by the present invention is as follows: A method for industrialized seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus that shortens its growth period includes the following steps: S1. Select the cultivation environment; S2. Construct cultivation racks according to the factory area. Each layer is equipped with LED light sources, a tidal irrigation system, seedling trays, temperature and humidity sensors, light sensors, and CO2 concentration sensors. Data from each sensor is uploaded to the integrated environmental control system in real time. The integrated environmental control system includes a 24-hour controllable temperature and humidity system, a tidal irrigation system control system, a ventilation system, a light intensity control system, and a fire prevention system. S3. Using vermiculite and perlite as seedling substrate, the Astragalus seeds, which have been disinfected by gamma rays and have undergone germination treatment, are evenly sown in the seedling tray and covered with 3cm of seedling substrate. S4. A special nutrient solution for Astragalus membranaceus is supplied periodically via a tidal irrigation system, and a digital management platform is used to analyze data from various sensors to dynamically adjust cultivation environment parameters and water and fertilizer supply. This digital management platform optimizes the growth model based on machine learning algorithms, enabling remote monitoring and automatic alarm functions.

[0007] Furthermore, in step S2, a 15-layer stainless steel seedling rack is used to build the cultivation rack, which increases the seedling capacity per unit area by 15 times. Each layer of the seedling rack is equipped with 9 8W LED plant supplement light strips with a red-to-blue ratio of 4:1.

[0008] Furthermore, in step S3, the mass ratio of vermiculite to perlite is 2:1, and the material is sterilized at 120°C for 30 minutes. Humic acid is added to adjust the pH to 6.7 before recycling.

[0009] Furthermore, in step S3, the seeding rate is controlled at 15–35 g / m². 2 The sowing time is as follows: the first crop is sown in early January each year, and the seedlings are transplanted at the end of April. The second crop is sown in early May each year, and the third crop is sown in early September each year. The seedlings are then cultivated, and three crops are cultivated within one year.

[0010] Furthermore, the cultivation environment parameters include: air temperature 18–25℃, air humidity 40–60%, and light intensity 1000–10000 lux.

[0011] Furthermore, in step S4, the Astragalus-specific nutrient solution is sprayed 2-7 times per month at a rate of 6 L / m³. 2 The formula for Astragalus membranaceus-specific nutrient solution is as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100-300 mg / L, magnesium sulfate 100-250 mg / L, calcium sulfate 400-1000 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 8-20 mg / L, EDTA 10-30 mg / L, boric acid 1-10 mg / L, manganese sulfate 0.1-1 mg / L, potassium nitrate 3-10 mg / L, zinc sulfate 0.1-1 mg / L, copper sulfate 0.01-0.25 mg / L, and ammonium molybdate 0.02-0.1 mg / L.

[0012] Furthermore, in step S4, after sowing, the Astragalus seedlings are watered 2 to 4 times a week for 0.5 to 3 hours each time. During the growing season, the indoor temperature is controlled at 15 to 30°C, and ventilation is maintained.

[0013] Compared with existing technologies, this invention has the following characteristics and beneficial effects: the seedling cycle is shortened to 4 months, reducing the time by 70% compared with traditional methods; substrate costs are reduced by 60%, and space utilization is increased by 80%; digital management reduces manual intervention by 90%, and the seedling survival rate is ≥85%. This greatly improves the sustainability and economic benefits of Astragalus membranaceus cultivation, providing important technical support for the large-scale and standardized cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Other features, objects, and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent from the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the seedling rack in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to specific embodiments. These embodiments will help those skilled in the art to further understand the present invention, but do not limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0016] Example 1 This embodiment provides a method for factory-scale seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus that shortens its growth period, including the following steps: 1) Cultivation Environment Selection: Taking Yuzhong County, Lanzhou City, Gansu Province as an example. Yuzhong County is located at 104°E, 35°N, with an average altitude of 1800 m, a temperature of -13 to 26℃, an average annual precipitation of 400 mm, and an air humidity of 37% to 72%. 2) Facility requirements: 2.1) 146 seedling racks were custom-purchased according to the factory size, specifically 25 main racks and 121 auxiliary racks, which were arranged in multiple rows. In this embodiment, the factory area is 5000 m². 2 The seedling rack measures 3.9 m × 1 m × 7.9 m. Figure 1 As shown.

[0017] 2.2) The factory is equipped with an integrated environmental control system, including a 24-hour controllable temperature and humidity system (to control temperature and humidity), a tidal irrigation system control system (to control watering and spraying), a ventilation system (for ventilation operation), a light intensity control system, and a fire prevention system.

[0018] 2.3) Install a tidal irrigation system and nine 8W LED plant grow lights on each layer of the seedling rack, with a red-to-blue ratio of 4:1. Set up seedling trays on each layer of each seedling rack. The specifications of the seedling trays are: 1.2 m long, 0.54 m wide, with 12 rows of reinforcing ribs in the longitudinal direction and a depth of 0.08 m.

[0019] 2.4) Install temperature and humidity sensors, light sensors, and CO2 concentration sensors on each seedling rack. The data from each sensor is uploaded to the integrated environmental control system in real time. A digital management platform is built to analyze the data from each sensor based on machine learning algorithms to optimize the Astragalus membranaceus growth model and realize remote monitoring and automatic alarm functions.

[0020] 3) Sowing: Use plump Astragalus seeds, disinfect them with 0.5 kGy γ-rays for 30 minutes and then treat them for rapid germination. Sow them evenly in seedling trays in early January each year at a sowing rate of 15 g / m². 2 Then cover the seed surface with a 3cm thick substrate, which is a mixture of 6-12 mesh vermiculite and 1-3mm perlite in a 2:1 mass ratio.

[0021] 4) Training and management methods: After sowing, use a tidal irrigation system for sprinkler irrigation. Once the cotyledons have grown to three leaves, continue to supply Astragalus membranaceus-specific nutrient solution to the plants via sprinkler irrigation, 2-7 times per month, at a rate of 6 L / m². 2 The formula for Astragalus membranaceus-specific nutrient solution is as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100 mg / L, magnesium sulfate 100 mg / L, calcium sulfate 400 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 8 mg / L, EDTA 10 mg / L, boric acid 1 mg / L, manganese sulfate 0.1 mg / L, potassium nitrate 3 mg / L, zinc sulfate 0.1 mg / L, copper sulfate 0.01 mg / L, and ammonium molybdate 0.02 mg / L.

[0022] Meanwhile, the digital management platform is used to analyze the data from various sensors and dynamically adjust the cultivation environment parameters and water and fertilizer supply. Specifically, water is replenished according to the humidity of the seedling trays, 2 to 4 times a week, for 0.5 to 3 hours each time. The light intensity is 1,000 to 10,000 lux, the air humidity is 40 to 60%, and the indoor temperature is controlled at 15 to 30℃ during the growing season, while maintaining ventilation. 5) Transplanting: The seedlings are dug up and transplanted to the field at the end of April of the same year. At this time, the seedling growth period is about 110 days, and the survival rate of transplanting is 86%.

[0023] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for factory-scale seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus that shortens its growth period, including the following steps: 1) Cultivation environment selection and facility requirements: Same as Example 1.

[0024] 2) Sowing: Use plump Astragalus seeds, disinfect them with 2 kGy of γ-rays for 10 minutes and then treat them for rapid germination. Sow them evenly in seedling trays in mid-May of the same year, with a sowing rate of 35 g / m². 2 Then cover the seed surface with a 3cm thick substrate, which is a mixture of 6-12 mesh vermiculite and 1-3mm perlite in a 2:1 mass ratio.

[0025] 3) Cultivation and management methods: The formula of Astragalus membranaceus special nutrient solution is as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 200 mg / L, magnesium sulfate 175 mg / L, calcium sulfate 700 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 14 mg / L, EDTA 20 mg / L, boric acid 5.5 mg / L, manganese sulfate 0.55 mg / L, potassium nitrate 6.5 mg / L, zinc sulfate 0.55 mg / L, copper sulfate 0.13 mg / L, ammonium molybdate 0.06 mg / L, and other components are the same as in Example 1.

[0026] 4) Transplanting: The seedlings are dug up and transplanted to the field at the end of August of the same year. At this time, the seedling growth period is about 100 days, and the survival rate of transplanting is 85%.

[0027] Example 3 This embodiment provides a method for factory-scale seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus that shortens its growth period, including the following steps: 1) Cultivation environment selection and facility requirements: Same as in Example 1.

[0028] 2) Sowing: Use plump Astragalus seeds, disinfect them with 1.25 kGy γ-rays for 20 min and then treat them for rapid germination. Sow them in seedling trays in mid-September of the same year at a sowing rate of 22.5 g / m². 2 Sow evenly, and then cover the seeds with a 3cm thick substrate, which is a mixture of 6-12 mesh vermiculite and 1-3mm perlite in a 2:1 mass ratio.

[0029] 3) Cultivation and management methods: The formula of Astragalus membranaceus special nutrient solution is as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 300mg / L, magnesium sulfate 250mg / L, calcium sulfate 1000mg / L, ferrous sulfate 20mg / L, EDTA 30mg / L, boric acid 10mg / L, manganese sulfate 1mg / L, potassium nitrate 10mg / L, zinc sulfate 1mg / L, copper sulfate 0.25mg / L, ammonium molybdate 0.1mg / L, and other components are the same as in Example 1.

[0030] 4) Transplanting: The seedlings are dug up and transplanted to the field at the end of December of the same year. At this time, the seedling growth period is about 100 days, and the survival rate of transplanting is 89%.

[0031] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. The embodiments and descriptions in the specification are merely preferred examples and are not intended to limit the invention. Various changes and modifications can be made to the invention without departing from its spirit and scope, and all such changes and modifications fall within the scope of the present invention as claimed. The scope of protection of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for industrialized seedling cultivation that shortens the growth period of Astragalus membranaceus, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Select the cultivation environment; S2. Based on the factory area, a cultivation rack is set up. Each layer is equipped with LED light source, tidal irrigation system, seedling tray, temperature and humidity sensor, light sensor and CO2 concentration sensor. Data from each sensor is uploaded to the environmental control integrated control system in real time. S3. Using vermiculite and perlite as seedling substrate, the Astragalus seeds, which have been disinfected by gamma rays and have undergone germination treatment, are evenly sown in the seedling tray and covered with 3cm of seedling substrate. S4. Astragalus-specific nutrient solution is supplied regularly through a tidal irrigation system, and the data from various sensors is analyzed using a digital management platform to dynamically adjust the cultivation environment parameters and water and fertilizer supply.

2. The method for industrialized seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus to shorten its growth period as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, a 15-layer stainless steel seedling rack is used to build the cultivation rack. Each layer of the seedling rack is equipped with 9 8W LED plant supplement light strips with a red-to-blue ratio of 4:

1.

3. The method for industrialized seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus to shorten its growth period as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated environmental control system includes a 24-hour controllable temperature and humidity system, a tidal irrigation system control system, a ventilation system, a light intensity control system, and a fire prevention system.

4. The method for industrialized seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus to shorten its growth period as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the mass ratio of vermiculite to perlite is 2:

1. After sterilization at 120°C for 30 minutes, humic acid is added to adjust the pH to 6.7 before recycling.

5. The method for industrialized seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus to shorten its growth period as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S3, the seeding rate is controlled at 15–35 g / m². 2 The sowing time is as follows: the first crop is sown in early January each year, and the seedlings are transplanted at the end of April. The second crop is sown in early May each year, and the third crop is sown in early September each year. The seedlings are then cultivated, and three crops are cultivated within one year.

6. The method for industrialized seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus to shorten its growth period as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The cultivation environment parameters include: air temperature 18-25℃, air humidity 40-60%, and light intensity 1000-10000 lux.

7. The method for industrialized seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus to shorten its growth period as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the formula for the Astragalus-specific nutrient solution is as follows: potassium dihydrogen phosphate 100-300 mg / L, magnesium sulfate 100-250 mg / L, calcium sulfate 400-1000 mg / L, ferrous sulfate 8-20 mg / L, EDTA 10-30 mg / L, boric acid 1-10 mg / L, manganese sulfate 0.1-1 mg / L, potassium nitrate 3-10 mg / L, zinc sulfate 0.1-1 mg / L, copper sulfate 0.01-0.25 mg / L, and ammonium molybdate 0.02-0.1 mg / L.

8. The method for industrialized seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus to shorten its growth period as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the Astragalus-specific nutrient solution is sprayed 2-7 times per month at a rate of 6L / m³. 2 / Second-rate.

9. The method for industrialized seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus to shorten its growth period as described in claim 1, characterized in that, In step S4, the Astragalus seedlings are watered 2 to 4 times a week for 0.5 to 3 hours each time. During the growing season, the indoor temperature is controlled at 15 to 30°C and ventilation is maintained.

10. The method for industrialized seedling cultivation of Astragalus membranaceus to shorten its growth period as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The digital management platform optimizes the growth model based on machine learning algorithms to achieve remote monitoring and automatic alarm functions.

Images