Composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generating device

Abstract

The invention provides a composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generating device which comprises a barrel, an end assembly is arranged at the top of the barrel, and the end assembly is connected with supercritical water input equipment, medicament input equipment, material input equipment and reaction gas collecting equipment; a bottom sealing head is arranged at the bottom of the cylinder body and is used for connecting salt collecting equipment; a three-layer wall surface structure, a division guide cylinder and a filter are sequentially mounted in the cylinder body from top to bottom; the three-layer wall surface structure, the division guide cylinder and the filter divide the central area in the cylinder into a central reaction channel and divide the area, located on the outer side of the central reaction channel, in the cylinder into a reaction strengthening channel; and a wall surface cooler is arranged on the inner wall of the cylinder body. The reaction device is comprehensively cooled and protected through the composite cooling structure, safe operation of the device is ensured, and the manufacturing cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of supercritical hydrothermal combustion technology, specifically to a composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element heat fluid generator. Background Technology

[0002] Supercritical water refers to water with a temperature ≥374.15℃ and a pressure ≥22.12MPa (i.e., above the critical point of water). Compared with normal water, supercritical water has unique properties such as reduced density, lower viscosity, increased diffusion coefficient, reduced hydrogen bond stability and quantity, and a much lower dielectric constant. It exhibits the characteristics of a non-polar solvent with high diffusivity and good mass transfer. Supercritical water thermal combustion technology is a highly efficient and clean waste treatment and energy utilization technology. It utilizes the unique physicochemical properties of supercritical water to rapidly oxidize and decompose organic matter under high temperature and high pressure, realizing the resource utilization and harmless treatment of waste. It has the advantages of fast reaction speed, high efficiency, and no secondary pollution, and has broad application prospects in industrial wastewater treatment, municipal solid waste treatment, and energy and chemical industries.

[0003] However, the ultra-high temperature characteristics of supercritical hydrothermal environments place extremely high demands on the thermal management capabilities of equipment. During the reaction process, the temperature in the core area continues to rise, which can easily lead to local overheating, causing material thermal fatigue, structural deformation, or even failure, especially under the influence of multi-stage combustion and high heat flux density. In supercritical hydrothermal environments, traditional cooling methods are difficult to effectively control the wall temperature, affecting the operational safety and long-term stability of the device. At the same time, the inability to effectively transfer and utilize the large amount of heat energy generated by the reaction will also lead to reduced energy utilization, increased system heat load, and maintenance costs. Therefore, it is urgent to introduce efficient composite cooling technology to achieve precise temperature control of key components, so as to ensure the stable operation of the device under high-temperature conditions and the efficient utilization of heat energy.

[0004] Existing supercritical hydrothermal combustion devices mostly employ conventional cooling structures such as spiral cooling pipes, water-cooled walls, and jacketed cooling chambers for thermal management. While each of these structures has a certain cooling capacity, most are single-flow cooling methods with a limited cooling medium path and a limited heat exchange area between the hot and cold fluids. This makes it difficult to provide stable and uniform thermal control under high heat flux density conditions. In multi-stage combustion zones or violent reaction zones, due to structural layout and cooling medium distribution, these cooling structures often cannot achieve full coverage and efficient cooling of the pressure-bearing walls, leading to localized heat accumulation and the formation of hot spots or hot patches. Localized overheating will cause uneven thermal expansion and thermal fatigue of the materials, exacerbate metal creep and structural stress, and significantly increase the corrosion rate, ultimately affecting the stable operation and service life of the device.

[0005] Furthermore, in traditional devices, the cooling system and reactor are often separate structures, operating independently. The cooling system typically cools high-temperature areas by using cooling jackets, cooling coils, or external circulating water circuits, primarily to reduce equipment wall temperature and maintain system structural integrity. The reactor, on the other hand, is usually located at the reaction tail or product outlet, extracting heat energy from the product via heat exchangers for preheating feed or other auxiliary processes. This "cooling-recovery" series structure fails to achieve process integration; heat generated during cooling is often directly lost and cannot be effectively converted into usable thermal energy, resulting in low energy recovery efficiency, limited system thermal management capabilities, and high operating costs. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop a composite structure device integrating cooling, energy recovery, and reaction enhancement functions. This device optimizes the internal heat flow path, and through the coordinated operation of cooling and recovery, it can not only effectively control the temperature of pressure-bearing walls, reduce material heat load and corrosion risk, but also achieve efficient utilization of thermal energy, providing a strong guarantee for the engineering promotion of supercritical hydrothermal combustion technology. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems in existing supercritical hydrothermal combustion devices where cooling and recovery operate independently, resulting in ineffective control of pressure-bearing wall temperature, reduction of material heat load and corrosion risk, and inability to achieve efficient utilization of thermal energy, this invention provides a composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention proposes a composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator, including a cylindrical body. The top of the cylindrical body is provided with an end assembly, which is connected to a supercritical water input device, a reagent input device, a material input device, and a reaction gas collection device. The bottom of the cylindrical body is provided with a bottom end cap, which is used to connect to a salt collection device. The cylinder is equipped with a three-layer wall structure, a dividing guide tube, and a filter from top to bottom. The three-layer wall structure, the dividing guide tube, and the filter divide the central area of ​​the cylinder into a central reaction channel and the outer area of ​​the cylinder into a reaction enhancement channel. A wall cooler is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder.

[0008] Preferably, the three-layer wall structure includes an inner wall ring and an outer wall ring, the inner wall ring is sleeved inside the outer wall ring, and the top end faces of the inner wall ring and the outer wall ring are connected to the bottom end face of the end assembly, and the bottom end faces of the inner wall ring and the outer wall ring are connected to the top end face of the dividing guide tube. A cooling channel pipe is provided between the inner wall ring and the outer wall ring. The cooling channel outlet on the cooling channel pipe is connected to the fluid input device, and the cooling channel outlet on the cooling channel pipe is connected to the reactor.

[0009] Preferably, a cooling and heat-insulating material layer is provided between the inner wall ring and the outer wall ring on the outer wall of the cooling channel pipe.

[0010] Preferably, the cooling channel pipe is a spiral cooling pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the end assembly includes a top end cap, which is fixed to the top end face of the cylinder, and the bottom end face of the top end cap is connected to the inner wall ring and the outer wall ring; The top end cap is provided with a supercritical water inlet, an oxidant inlet and a material inlet at the position of the central reaction channel, and a reaction product outlet is provided on the top end cap at the position corresponding to the reaction enhancement channel; The top end cap is provided with a top wall cooling assembly, which includes a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe. The first spiral cooling pipe is connected to the second spiral cooling pipe. The first spiral cooling pipe is provided with a cooling pipe inlet for connecting to a fluid input device, and the second spiral cooling pipe is provided with a cooling pipe outlet for connecting to a reactor.

[0012] Preferably, both the first cooling pipe and the second cooling pipe are cooling coils, with the cooling coils of the first cooling pipe stacked vertically and the cooling coils of the second cooling pipe stacked horizontally.

[0013] Preferably, the wall cooler is a spiral groove and a cooling coil.

[0014] Preferably, a preheater is provided inside the cylinder at the outer side of the three-layer wall structure, the preheater inlet is connected to the reactor, and the preheater outlet is connected to the fluid input device.

[0015] Preferably, an emergency heat exchanger is provided inside the cylinder at a position outside the dividing guide tube. The emergency heat exchanger is provided with an emergency heat exchanger inlet and an emergency heat exchanger outlet. The emergency heat exchanger inlet is connected to the reactor, and the emergency heat exchanger outlet is connected to the fluid input device.

[0016] This invention proposes a method for using a composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator, which includes the following steps: Pretreated supercritical water, reagents, materials, and preheated reactants are fed into the end assembly for primary combustion, and then flow into the central reaction channel inside the cylinder for secondary combustion. The heat generated during the secondary combustion is exchanged and transported to the reactor through the three-layer wall structure. Supercritical water, reagents, materials, and preheated reactants undergo secondary combustion and then react in the central reaction channel. The reaction stream is filtered through a filter, and the impurities filtered out, as well as the inorganic salts generated in the reaction, are deposited inside the bottom end cap. The reaction stream filtered by the filter is fed into other equipment through the reaction enhancement channel.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects: This invention proposes a composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator. This device effectively covers the high heat flux density area around the cylinder by using wall coolers installed on the inner wall of the cylinder, absorbing the heat energy generated during the oxidation reaction. The three-layer wall structure within the cylinder achieves enhanced cooling of localized high-temperature sections, ensuring precise thermal control of the most intense reaction zone and preventing material fatigue and corrosion caused by localized overheating. A wall cooler is also installed on the inner wall of the bottom end cap to further absorb any remaining heat. Through the combined use of the three-layer wall structure and wall coolers, a multi-level, multi-path cooling channel is constructed. The cooling medium flows within the cooling channel, controlling the device temperature while the absorbed heat energy can be used for reactant preheating, steam generation, or driving other energy recovery devices, thereby effectively improving the overall energy utilization efficiency of the system, achieving efficient heat recovery, and directly participating in the reaction to generate qualified multi-element thermal fluid, thus realizing energy recycling and reducing operating costs.

[0018] Furthermore, the three-layer wall structure of this device includes an inner wall ring and an outer wall ring, with a cooling channel pipe between the inner and outer wall rings and a cooling insulation material layer between the cooling channel pipes. This three-layer wall structure provides full-coverage cooling protection for the pressure-bearing wall of the device, significantly reducing the risk of failure due to overheating and ensuring safe operation under high temperature, high pressure, and supercritical conditions.

[0019] Furthermore, this device is equipped with a preheater, the preheater outlet of which is connected to the fluid input device. When the reaction stream generated in the three-stage reaction chamber is filtered by the filter and enters the reaction enhancement channel, if the temperature of the reactants is lower than the preset temperature, the preheater preheats the reactants so that the reactants carry some heat energy in the subsequent reaction, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.

[0020] Furthermore, this device is equipped with an emergency heat exchanger. The emergency heat exchanger exchanges heat with the reactants to prevent the heat carried by the reactants from damaging components in subsequent processing. In case of overheating or abnormal conditions inside the cylinder, the emergency heat exchanger is activated to ensure the safety of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This invention provides a cross-sectional structural schematic diagram of a composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator; In the attached diagram: A. Primary combustion chamber; B. Secondary combustion chamber; C. Tertiary reaction chamber; D. Inorganic salt deposition chamber; 1. End assembly; 2. Shell; 3. Top wall cooling assembly; 4. Preheater; 5. Emergency heat exchanger; 6. Wall cooler; 7. Bottom end cap; 8. Dividing guide tube; 9. Filter; 10. Central reaction channel; 11. Reaction enhancement channel; 12. Three-layer wall structure; 13. Inner wall ring; 14. Cooling channel pipe; 15. Cooling insulation material layer; 16. Outer layer Wall ring; N1, supercritical water inlet; N2, oxidant inlet; N3, material inlet; N4, cooling pipe inlet; N5, cooling pipe outlet; N6, wall cooler inlet; N7, wall cooler outlet; N8, preheater inlet; N9, preheater outlet; N10, emergency heat extractor inlet; N11, emergency heat extractor outlet; N13, cooling channel inlet; N12, cooling channel outlet; N14, reaction product outlet; N15, salt discharge port. Detailed Implementation

[0022] In the following description, only certain exemplary embodiments are briefly described. As those skilled in the art will recognize, the described embodiments can be modified in various ways without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the drawings and description are considered to be exemplary in nature and not restrictive.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential" indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0024] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of indicated technical features. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0025] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a communication connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0026] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can include direct contact between the first and second features, or contact between the first and second features through another feature between them. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature includes the first feature being directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply indicates that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0027] The embodiments of the present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0028] This invention proposes a composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator, such as... Figure 1As shown, the device includes a cylindrical body 2. An end assembly 1 is installed at the top end of the cylindrical body 2, connecting to a supercritical water input device, a reagent input device, a material input device, and a reaction gas collection device. A bottom end cap 7 is installed on the bottom surface of the cylindrical body 2, used to connect to a salt collection device. Inside the cylindrical body 2, from top to bottom, a three-layer wall structure 12, a dividing guide tube 8, and a filter 9 are installed sequentially. Specifically, the top end face of the three-layer wall structure 12 is fixed to the bottom end face of the end assembly 1, and the top end face of the dividing guide tube 8 is connected to the bottom end face of the three-layer wall structure 12. The top end face of the filter 9 is connected to the top end face of the three-layer wall structure 12. The three-layer wall structure 12, the dividing guide tube 8 and the filter 9 divide the central area of ​​the cylinder 2 into a central reaction channel 10. The central reaction channel 10 divides the outer area of ​​the cylinder 2 into a reaction enhancement channel 11. The reaction enhancement channel 11 is used to enhance reaction efficiency, provide a more uniform temperature distribution and material flow, and ensure that the energy conversion efficiency can be maximized during the generation of multi-element thermal fluid. A wall cooler 6 is installed on the inner wall of the bottom head 7 and the cylinder 2. The wall cooler inlet N6 on the wall cooler 6 is connected to the fluid input device, and the wall cooler outlet N7 on the wall cooler 6 is connected to the reactor. The wall cooler 6 is a spiral groove and a cooling coil. The wall cooler 6 can provide full coverage cooling protection for the walls of the bottom head 7 and the cylinder 2, which significantly reduces the risk of failure due to overheating and ensures safe operation under high temperature and high pressure supercritical conditions.

[0029] In this device, the interior of the end assembly 1 to the bottom head 7 is sequentially divided into a primary combustion chamber A, a secondary combustion chamber B, a tertiary reaction chamber C, and an inorganic salt deposition chamber D. Supercritical water, reagents, and materials first enter the primary combustion chamber A through the end assembly 1 for combustion, then enter the secondary combustion chamber B in the cylinder 2 for combustion, and finally react in the tertiary reaction chamber C. The gas after the reaction is filtered through the filter 9 and enters the reaction enhancement channel 11. The filtered sediment falls into the inorganic salt deposition chamber D in the bottom head 7 for deposition. During the combustion and reaction process, the materials are cooled by the three-layer wall structure 12 and the wall cooler 6. The cooling medium in the three-layer wall structure 12 is used after heat exchange and is then fed into the reactor, realizing the linkage between cooling and energy recovery, improving energy recovery efficiency. At the same time, the three-layer wall structure 12 and the wall cooler 6 improve the flow efficiency and purity of the reaction fluid, and provide full-coverage cooling protection for the pressure-bearing walls of the device, significantly reducing the risk of failure due to overheating and ensuring safe operation under high temperature and high pressure supercritical conditions.

[0030] Preferably, the filter 9 is made of a metal alloy material resistant to supercritical corrosion environment, such as Hastelloy or 625 alloy, with a pore size of 20μm~100μm, used to block large particulate impurities in the reactants; the filter 9 is connected and fixed to the bottom end face of the separator 8 by welding, threading or slotting.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown, the three-layer wall structure 12 includes an inner wall ring 13 and an outer wall ring 16. The inner wall ring 13 is fitted inside the outer wall ring 16, and the inner wall ring 13 and the outer wall ring 16 are concentrically arranged, thus forming a cooling channel between the outer wall of the inner wall ring 13 and the outer wall of the outer wall ring 16. The top end faces of the inner wall ring 13 and the outer wall ring 16 are connected to the bottom end face of the end assembly 1, and the bottom end faces of the inner wall ring 13 and the outer wall ring 16 are connected to the top end face of the dividing guide tube 8. A cooling channel pipe 14 is provided between the inner wall ring 13 and the outer wall ring 16. The cooling channel pipe 14 is a spiral cooling pipe. The cooling channel outlet N13 on the cooling channel pipe 14 is connected to the fluid input device, and the cooling channel outlet N12 on the cooling channel pipe 14 is connected to the reactor. A cooling insulation material layer 15 is provided on the outer wall of the cooling channel pipe 14 between the inner wall ring 13 and the outer wall ring 16. In the three-layer wall structure 12, a cooling channel is provided between the inner wall ring 13 and the outer wall ring 16. The cooling channel pipe 14 installed in the cooling channel is connected to the reactor through the cooling channel outlet N12 and to the fluid input device through the cooling channel outlet N13, thereby guiding the cooling medium to the position of the secondary combustion chamber B in the cylinder 2 to absorb the heat energy generated by combustion in the secondary combustion chamber B. After the heat exchange is completed, the cooling medium is input to the reactor to realize the comprehensive utilization of heat or the closed-loop operation of the system. In this embodiment, the cooling medium is softened water, reaction water and other cooling fluids; the inner wall ring 13 and the outer wall ring 16 are made of 625 material, and the cooling insulation material layer 15 is a refractory insulation material.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the end assembly 1 includes a top end cap, which is fixed to the top end face of the cylinder 2. The bottom end face of the top end cap is connected to the inner wall ring 13 and the outer wall ring 16. A supercritical water inlet N1, an oxidant inlet N2, and a material inlet N3 are arranged side by side on the top end cap at the position of the central reaction channel 10. A reaction product outlet N14 is arranged on the top end cap at the position corresponding to the reaction enhancement channel 11. The supercritical water inlet N1 is used to connect to the supercritical water input device to input supercritical water. The oxidant inlet N2 is used to connect to the reagent input device to input oxidant. The material inlet N3 is used to connect to the material input device to input material. The reaction product outlet N14 is used to connect to the reaction gas collection device to collect the gas generated by the reaction. The supercritical water input device, reagent input device, material input device, and reaction gas collection device are all systems composed of conventional equipment or conventional components in the art.

[0033] The top end cap is provided with a top wall cooling assembly 3, which includes a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe. The first spiral cooling pipe is connected to the second spiral cooling pipe. The first spiral cooling pipe is provided with a cooling pipe inlet N4 for connecting to a fluid input device, and the second spiral cooling pipe is provided with a cooling pipe outlet N5 for connecting to a reactor. Both the first cooling pipe and the second cooling pipe are cooling coils, and the cooling coils of the first cooling pipe are stacked vertically, while the cooling coils of the second cooling pipe are stacked horizontally.

[0034] like Figure 1 As shown, a preheater 4 is installed inside the cylinder 2 on the outside of the three-layer wall structure 12. The preheater inlet N8 on the preheater 4 is connected to the reactor, and the preheater outlet N9 on the preheater 4 is connected to the fluid input device. When the reaction stream generated in the three-stage reaction chamber C is filtered by the filter 9 and enters the reaction enhancement channel 11, if the temperature of the reactants is lower than the preset temperature, the reactants are preheated by the preheater 4 so that the reactants carry some heat energy in the subsequent reaction, thereby improving the reaction efficiency.

[0035] like Figure 1As shown, an emergency heat exchanger 5 is installed inside the cylinder 2, located outside the dividing guide tube 8. The emergency heat exchanger 5 is equipped with an emergency heat exchanger inlet N10 and an emergency heat exchanger outlet N11. The emergency heat exchanger inlet N10 is connected to the fluid input device, and the emergency heat exchanger outlet N11 is connected to the reactor. When the reaction stream generated in the tertiary reaction chamber C is filtered by the filter 9 and enters the reaction enhancement channel 11, if the temperature of the reactants exceeds the preset temperature, heat energy is exchanged between the emergency heat exchanger 5 and the reactants to prevent the heat energy carried by the reactants from damaging the components of subsequent processing. In case of overheating or abnormal conditions inside the cylinder, the emergency heat exchanger 5 is activated to achieve heat energy exchange inside the cylinder 2, ensuring the safety of the equipment.

[0036] like Figure 1 As shown, a salt drain port N15 is provided on the bottom end face of the bottom end cap 7. The inorganic salt substances deposited in the inorganic salt deposition chamber D are discharged through the salt drain port N15 to ensure the long-term stable operation of the equipment.

[0037] This invention proposes a method for using a composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator, for operating the aforementioned composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator, characterized by comprising the following steps: Pretreated supercritical water, reagents, materials, and preheated reactants are input through end component 1 for oxidation reaction, and then flow into the central reaction channel 10 inside cylinder 2 to continue oxidation reaction. The heat energy generated during the oxidation reaction is exchanged through the three-layer wall structure 12 and transported to the reactor. The supercritical water, reagents, materials and preheated reactants react in the central reaction channel 10 to generate a reaction stream which is filtered by filter 9. The filtered impurities and inorganic salts generated in the reaction are deposited in the bottom end cap 7. The reaction stream filtered by filter 9 is fed into other equipment via reaction enhancement channel 11.

[0038] Specifically, supercritical water is injected into the first-stage combustion chamber A through the supercritical water inlet N1. The preheated reactant stream is injected into the first-stage combustion chamber A through the main reactant inlet N2, where it undergoes a violent oxidation reaction with the oxidant injected from the oxidant inlet N3 under high temperature and high pressure conditions. The heat generated by the oxidation reaction in the first-stage combustion chamber A is absorbed by the cooling component 3 on the top wall, that is, the cooling medium in the fluid input device is introduced through the cooling pipe inlet N4 on the first spiral cooling pipe to exchange with the heat generated by the oxidation reaction in the first-stage combustion chamber A. After the exchange, the medium is input into the reactor for use through the cooling pipe outlet N5.

[0039] The high-temperature fluid generated by the reaction flows axially into the secondary combustion chamber B to continue the reaction. In the secondary combustion chamber B, the cooling medium in the fluid input device is introduced through the cooling channel pipe 14 in the three-layer wall structure 12 to exchange with the heat generated by the oxidation reaction in the secondary combustion chamber B. After the exchange, it is input into the reactor for use. The cooling medium flows along the path of cooling channel outlet N13 - cooling channel pipe 14 - cooling channel outlet N12 to precisely control the temperature of the violent reaction zone and prevent thermal fatigue or structural damage to the wall material.

[0040] The reaction exhaust gas and products generated in the secondary combustion chamber B continue to flow downwards and enter the tertiary reaction chamber C to continue the reaction. The inorganic salts in the reaction products settle down with the fluid to the inorganic salt deposition chamber D for deposition. After a certain amount is deposited, they are periodically discharged through the salt discharge port N15 set at the bottom of the bottom end cap 7 to prevent salt deposition from clogging the system and affecting stable operation. The reaction exhaust gas is filtered through the filter 9 and enters the reaction enhancement channel 11. Finally, it is transported to other equipment for use through the reaction product outlet N14. When a high temperature occurs in this device, the cooling medium in the fluid input device is introduced through the preheater inlet N8 in the wall cooler 6 to exchange heat energy. After the exchange, it is transported to the reactor through the wall cooler outlet N7 to become a qualified multi-element hot fluid.

[0041] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0042] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art. The above content is only for illustrating the technical concept of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any modifications made based on the technical concept proposed in this invention shall fall within the scope of protection of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator, characterized in that, The device includes a cylindrical body (2), the top of which is provided with an end assembly (1), which is connected to a supercritical water input device, a reagent input device, a material input device and a reaction gas collection device; the bottom of the cylindrical body (2) is provided with a bottom end cap (7), which is used to connect to a salt collection device; The cylinder (2) is equipped with a three-layer wall structure (12), a dividing guide tube (8), and a filter (9) from top to bottom. The three-layer wall structure (12), the dividing guide tube (8), and the filter (9) divide the central area of ​​the cylinder (2) into a central reaction channel (10) and divide the outer area of ​​the central reaction channel (10) into a reaction enhancement channel (11). A wall cooler (6) is provided on the inner wall of the cylinder (2).

2. The composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-layer wall structure (12) includes an inner wall ring (13) and an outer wall ring (16). The inner wall ring (13) is fitted inside the outer wall ring (16), and the top end faces of the inner wall ring (13) and the outer wall ring (16) are connected to the bottom end face of the end assembly (1). The bottom end faces of the inner wall ring (13) and the outer wall ring (16) are connected to the top end face of the dividing guide tube (8). A cooling channel pipe (14) is provided between the inner wall ring (13) and the outer wall ring (16). The cooling channel outlet (N13) on the cooling channel pipe (14) is connected to the fluid input device, and the cooling channel outlet (N12) on the cooling channel pipe (14) is connected to the reactor.

3. The composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, A cooling and heat-insulating material layer (15) is provided on the outer wall of the cooling channel pipe (14) between the inner wall ring (13) and the outer wall ring (16).

4. The composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 3, characterized in that, The cooling channel pipe (14) is a spiral cooling pipe.

5. A composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 2, characterized in that, The end assembly (1) includes a top end cap, which is fixed to the top end face of the cylinder (2), and the bottom end face of the top end cap is connected to the inner wall ring (13) and the outer wall ring (16). The top end cap is provided with a supercritical water inlet (N1), an oxidant inlet (N2) and a material inlet (N3) at the position of the central reaction channel (10), and a reaction product outlet (N14) is provided on the top end cap at the position corresponding to the reaction enhancement channel (11). The top end cap is provided with a top wall cooling assembly (3), which includes a first cooling pipe and a second cooling pipe. The first spiral cooling pipe is connected to the second spiral cooling pipe. The first spiral cooling pipe is provided with a cooling pipe inlet (N4) for connecting to a fluid input device, and the second spiral cooling pipe is provided with a cooling pipe outlet (N5) for connecting to a reactor.

6. The composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 5, characterized in that, Both the first cooling pipe and the second cooling pipe are cooling coils, with the cooling coils of the first cooling pipe stacked vertically and the cooling coils of the second cooling pipe stacked horizontally.

7. The composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, The wall cooler (6) consists of a spiral groove and a cooling coil.

8. A composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, A preheater (4) is provided inside the cylinder (2) on the outside of the three-layer wall structure (12). The preheater inlet (N8) on the preheater (4) is connected to the reactor, and the preheater outlet (N9) on the preheater (4) is connected to the fluid input device.

9. A composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, An emergency heat exchanger (5) is provided inside the cylinder (2) at a position outside the dividing guide cylinder (8). The emergency heat exchanger (5) is provided with an emergency heat exchanger inlet (N10) and an emergency heat exchanger outlet (N11). The emergency heat exchanger inlet (N10) is connected to the reactor, and the emergency heat exchanger outlet (N11) is connected to the fluid input device.

10. A method of using a composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator, for operating the composite cooling supercritical hydrothermal combustion type multi-element thermal fluid generator according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Pretreated supercritical water, reagents, materials and preheated reactants are input through the end component (1) for primary combustion, and then flow into the central reaction channel (10) inside the cylinder (2) for secondary combustion. The heat energy generated during the secondary combustion is exchanged and transported to the reactor through the three-layer wall structure (12). Supercritical water, reagents, materials and preheated reactants undergo secondary combustion and then react in the central reaction channel (10). The reaction stream generated is filtered by the filter (9), and the filtered impurities and inorganic salts generated by the reaction are deposited in the bottom end cap (7). The reaction stream filtered by the filter (9) is fed into other equipment through the reaction enhancement channel (11).

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