Floating island type water body denitrification purification device, denitrification filler and preparation method of denitrification filler

Abstract

The invention relates to a floating island type water body denitrification purification device, a denitrification filler and a preparation method thereof. The invention relates to a formula and method of a denitrification filler, the denitrification filler has a honeycomb porous structure, the raw materials of the denitrification filler comprise, by weight, 20-25% of active diatomite as an adsorbent, 25-35% of zeolite powder as an ammonia nitrogen adsorbent, 25-35% of cement as an adhesive, 14.5-29.5% of stone powder as an aggregate and 0.5% of a foaming agent, and the denitrification filler is formed by expansion molding, crushing and screening. The main technical indexes are as follows: the bulk density of the denitrification filler is 430-680kg / m < 3 >, the specific surface area is greater than or equal to 8.5 m < 2 > / g, the cylinder compressive strength is greater than or equal to 2.5 Mpa, the porosity is greater than or equal to 75%, the dry density is less than or equal to 800kg / m < 3 >, the water absorption rate is greater than or equal to 35%, and the particle size range is The invention further discloses a floating island type water body denitrification purification device which is composed of an air suction pipe, a buoyancy device, a buoyancy auxiliary device, a packaging structure, denitrification filler in the packaging structure, an aeration device and a photovoltaic power supply device. According to the floating island type water body denitrification purification method, the floating island type water body denitrification purification device is utilized, the adsorption denitrification filler is sealed in the packaging structure and placed in a water body needing to be purified, the nitrogen-containing water body convects to pass through the denitrification filler, and ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the water body are reduced from 2-10 mg / L to 0.5-1 mg / L.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to water purification devices for rivers, lakes, and reservoirs, belonging to the field of environmental resources, specifically a floating island-type water denitrification device, denitrification packing material, and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Due to the limitations of aquatic plant roots in absorbing nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from the water, artificial floating island technology has evolved from relying solely on plant roots to adding functional fillers.

[0003] Adding functional fillers typically achieves the effect of removing pollutants from water bodies through the selection and use of floating bed substrates or fillers. In ammonia nitrogen removal materials, several types of fillers are commonly used, such as physical adsorption fillers like zeolite and activated carbon. However, their adsorption capacity is limited, and they need to be replaced or regenerated after saturation; otherwise, they will become a source of pollution. Chemical precipitation fillers, such as modified steel slag and zero-valent iron, may have reaction products that cover active sites, leading to decreased efficiency. Microbial carrier fillers may suffer from excessive biofilm growth or impurities clogging their porous structure, affecting mass transfer and treatment efficiency.

[0004] Furthermore, since the core structure of an artificial floating bed is a frame that floats on the water surface, many currently efficient denitrification fillers, such as steel slag and ceramsite, have a density greater than water and would sink if used directly. Therefore, they must be fixed by methods such as "bagging and hanging," which increases the complexity and cost of the project. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned problems in the prior art, this application provides a floating island-type water denitrification device and method, which can effectively remove ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen from river, lake, and reservoir waters, purifying Class V water bodies to Class II or Class III water quality as per the "Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002). The specific technical solution is as follows:

[0006] On one hand, this application provides a denitrification packing material, which has a honeycomb-like porous structure. Its raw materials include 20-25% by weight of activated diatomaceous earth as an adsorbent, 25-35% by weight of zeolite powder as an ammonia nitrogen adsorbent, 25-35% by weight of cement as a binder, 14.5-29.5% by weight of stone powder as aggregate, and 0.5% by weight of foaming agent. Its main technical indicator is that the bulk density of the denitrification packing material is 430-680 kg / m³. 3 Specific surface area ≥ 8.5 m² 2 / g, compressive strength ≥2.5MPa, porosity ≥75%, dry density ≤800kg / m³ 3 Water absorption rate ≥35%, particle size range 5~80mm, specifically: 5~10mm, 10~20mm, 20~40mm, 40~60mm, 60~80mm.

[0007] Preferably, the activated diatomaceous earth of the denitrification filler is a 120-300 mesh powder, the zeolite powder of the denitrification filler is a 200-400 mesh powder, and the stone powder of the denitrification filler is a 200-400 mesh powder.

[0008] Preferably, the silica content of the stone powder is greater than 50%; the foaming agent is an anionic surfactant or a cationic surfactant.

[0009] On the other hand, this application also provides a method for preparing denitrification packing material, the method comprising the following steps:

[0010] S11: Ingredients: Mix the activated diatomaceous earth powder, zeolite powder, cement, and stone powder evenly according to the above-mentioned preset proportions to form a mixture of 600 parts (total weight is calculated as 1000 parts).

[0011] S12: Foaming: Add 0.5 parts by weight of anionic surfactant or cationic surfactant to 399.5 parts by weight of water, stir thoroughly to generate a large amount of foam, and form a foaming liquid;

[0012] S13: Pulping: Add the mixture obtained in S11 to the foaming liquid in S12, stir thoroughly, and prepare a slurry;

[0013] S14: Expansion molding: The slurry prepared in S13 is fed into a molding die to be cross-linked and molded into a porous solid material;

[0014] S15: Crushing: Porous solid materials formed by puffed cross-linking are fed into a crusher for crushing;

[0015] S16: Sieving: The crushed material is sieved to obtain the denitrification filter material with a particle size of 5-80 mm.

[0016] Preferably, the particle size of the denitrification filter material is 5-10 mm, 10-20 mm, 20-40 mm, 40-60 mm, or 60-80 mm.

[0017] On the other hand, this application provides a floating island-type water denitrification and purification device, the device including an air intake pipe, a buoyancy device, a connecting component, a buoyancy auxiliary device, a sealing structure, an aeration device, denitrification packing, a jet aeration pipe and a solar energy system; the denitrification packing is the aforementioned denitrification packing.

[0018] The buoyancy assist device is located on the outer periphery of the buoyancy device, and the solar energy system is located above the buoyancy device to power the aeration device. The buoyancy device has holes for accommodating aquatic plants, and the buoyancy device and the encapsulation structure are detachably connected via the connecting member. The encapsulation structure is used to load the aeration device and denitrification packing. One end of the air intake pipe is connected to the air inlet of the aeration device, and the other end of the air intake pipe extends out of the buoyancy device and communicates with the atmosphere. The jet aeration pipe is connected to the outlet of the aeration device. The solar energy system is used to power the aeration device.

[0019] Preferably, the buoyancy device includes at least one float layer, the upper first float layer can be used to place aquatic plants, the body of the connecting member passes through the thickness direction of the upper first float layer and the lower second float layer, and one end of the connecting member is connected to the encapsulation structure.

[0020] Preferably, the floating plate layer includes at least two floating plates, which are connected to each other to form a floating plate layer. The floating plates have holes in the middle for accommodating aquatic plants, and the corners of the floating plates are provided with first bolt fixing points. Connecting member fixing points are provided around the perimeter of the floating plates.

[0021] Preferably, the solar energy system includes a solar panel, a support frame, and a controller, a battery, and an inverter mounted on the support frame. One end of the support frame is connected to the solar panel, and the other end of the support frame is connected to the buoyancy device. The controller is electrically connected to the battery, and the inverter is electrically connected to both the battery and the aeration device.

[0022] Preferably, the floating island-type water adsorption phosphorus removal and purification device further includes a fixing device, which is movably connected to the encapsulation structure.

[0023] Preferably, the sidewall of the encapsulation structure is a mesh structure, and one end of the connecting member is attached to the top edge of the mesh structure.

[0024] On the other hand, this application also uses the above-mentioned floating island type water denitrification and purification device and the denitrification packing material to achieve water nitrification and denitrification denitrification according to the following operation steps:

[0025] S21: Installation: The aeration device and denitrification packing are enclosed in the encapsulation structure. After the connecting component is hooked to the encapsulation structure, the connecting component is passed through the buoyancy device to fix the encapsulation structure and the buoyancy device. The installed floating island type water denitrification and purification device is placed in the water body to be purified.

[0026] S22: Microbial Cultivation: Start the aeration device to create convection in the water. Use the jet aeration pipe for jet aeration to create water convection and aeration. Ammonia, total nitrogen, and organic matter in the water are adsorbed onto the denitrification packing in the encapsulation structure. Simultaneously, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in the water are also adsorbed onto the surface and pores of the denitrification packing. Using the denitrification packing as a carrier and the adsorbed ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and organic matter as nutrients, they multiply and grow in large quantities.

[0027] S23: Nitrification for ammonia nitrogen removal and denitrification for nitrate nitrogen removal: After 7–30 days of cultivation and proliferation, the number of nitrifying bacteria adsorbed on the surface of the denitrification packing and multiplying therein increases exponentially, and the concentration increases geometrically. During the reproduction of nitrifying bacteria, ammonia nitrogen is nitrified into nitrate nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen, thereby achieving the goal of removing ammonia nitrogen. Simultaneously, the number of bacteria adsorbed in the pores of the denitrification packing and multiplying therein increases exponentially, and the concentration increases. During the reproduction of denitrifying bacteria, nitrate nitrogen is denitrified into nitrogen gas and discharged into the air, thereby achieving the removal of nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen. After denitrification, the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the water body are reduced from 2–10 mg / L to 0.5–1 mg / L.

[0028] Based on the above technical solution, this application has the following beneficial effects:

[0029] 1. The denitrification packing material of this application is made of activated diatomaceous earth and zeolite with very small particle size, which is expanded and molded by a foaming agent. The molded denitrification packing material has advantages such as large porosity, large specific surface area, high stability, and high strength. The specific technical indicators of the denitrification packing material are: the bulk density of the denitrification packing material is 430-680 kg / m³. 3 Specific surface area ≥ 8.5 m² 2 / g, compressive strength ≥2.5MPa, porosity ≥75%, dry density ≤800kg / m³ 3 The water absorption rate is ≥352, and the particle size range is 5-80mm. Therefore, the denitrification packing material of this application has a honeycomb-like porous structure, with a specific surface area more than 1000 times that of existing chemical precipitation materials such as modified steel slag and zero-valent iron. It has strong adsorption capacity, capable of adsorbing organic matter and microorganisms (nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria) in the water onto its surface and into the honeycomb-like pores. This allows nitrifying bacteria to rapidly multiply on the surface of the denitrification packing material, while denitrifying bacteria rapidly multiply within the pores. As the nitrifying bacteria on the surface of the packing material continue to multiply... As the number and density of nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria increase, their biomass becomes more than 1,000 times greater than before. The high-density nitrifying bacteria rapidly nitrify ammonia nitrogen into nitrate nitrogen, thus removing ammonia nitrogen. At the same time, as the denitrifying bacteria in the packing pores continue to multiply, their number and density increase. The denitrifying bacteria rapidly denitrify nitrate nitrogen and nitrite nitrogen into nitrogen gas and release it into the air, thus removing nitrate nitrogen. This achieves the effect of denitrification and denitrification, ultimately removing COD and total nitrogen from the water and purifying the water quality.

[0030] 2. The denitrification packing material of this application has a honeycomb porous structure, which allows nitrifying bacteria to multiply on the surface of the packing material and denitrifying bacteria to multiply in the pores of the packing material at the same time, so that the same device (floating island type water denitrification and purification device) has both nitrification and denitrification effects, and removes ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen from the water at the same time.

[0031] 3. The bulk density of the denitrification packing material in this application is 430–680 kg / m³. 3 It is a light water filler, and floating island-type water denitrification and purification device filled with it can float on the water surface, solving the problem of sinking of floating island-type water denitrification and purification devices filled with chemical precipitation materials such as zeolite and modified steel slag.

[0032] 4. In this application, the denitrification packing material is pre-inoculated with highly efficient nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria during filling, which facilitates their rapid proliferation. The nitrifying bacteria growing on the surface of the packing material have an enhanced nitrification function for ammonia nitrogen in the water, with a removal rate greater than 94%. Similarly, the denitrifying bacteria growing in the honeycomb-like pores have a strong denitrification function for nitrate nitrogen, with a total nitrogen removal rate greater than 90% in the water.

[0033] 5. The floating island-type water denitrification and purification device of this application uses denitrification packing as the main body. By detachably connecting the buoyancy device and the encapsulation structure, it is convenient to add and remove the denitrification packing. The denitrification packing is filled in the encapsulation structure installed at the bottom of the buoyancy device. The encapsulation structure also has an aeration device for water flow and aeration jet. The fixing system is connected at one end to the encapsulation structure of the denitrification ecological floating bed and at the other end to the water tank body for fixing the ecological floating island (bed).

[0034] 6. The floating island-type water denitrification and purification device of this application promotes the formation of an ecological floating platform with water purification as its main purpose and biological denitrification, adsorption denitrification and landscape functions. It realizes the interaction between water and all aspects of plants, carriers and fillers, adsorption denitrification, microorganisms, atmosphere, ecosystem and water, and is a "clean water habitat platform" in water bodies.

[0035] 7. The floating island-type water denitrification and purification device of this application promotes the self-adjustment and restoration of the underwater ecosystem and the development of the aquatic ecosystem by increasing the total amount of underwater microorganisms and the amount of aquatic plants, forming a three-dimensional habitat platform. The deployment of ecological floating islands greatly increases the total amount of microorganisms in the deployed water area. By increasing the total amount of microorganisms at the lowest level of the food chain in the aquatic ecosystem, it promotes the increase of benthic animals and fish that feed on microorganisms, and improves the aquatic ecosystem with ecological floating bed plants; and through the increase in the amount of plants and fish in the water area, it promotes the habitat and development of insects, birds, and amphibians. Denitrification ecological floating islands can promote the self-development of the ecosystem of newly established water bodies, promote the formation of stable ecosystems at multiple trophic levels; promote the self-repair of damaged water bodies, adjust the ecosystem structure, and promote the restoration of biodiversity, the improvement and stability of the ecosystem. It promotes the improvement of the water body's self-purification capacity and the maintenance of stable water quality.

[0036] 8. The floating island-type water denitrification and purification device of this application can be made by cutting and combining standardized modular floating plates into various artificial landscape shapes. The fiber material on the surface of the ecological floating bed carrier itself has a soft landscape effect, or soil or low-growing herbaceous plants such as turf can be covered on the edge surface of the ecological floating bed. By deploying ecological floating beds in rivers and lakes, the water landscape effect can be enhanced, showcasing water culture.

[0037] After the floating island-type water denitrification and purification device of this invention purifies Class V water bodies with excessive ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen to Class II or Class III water quality according to the "Water Environmental Quality Standard" (GB3838-2002), the water quality is purified. Attached Figure Description

[0038] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the accompanying drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0039] Appendix Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the denitrification packing preparation process for this application;

[0040] Appendix Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the denitrification packing material product of this application;

[0041] Appendix Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of a floating island-type water purification device according to this application;

[0042] Appendix Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the main view of the floating platform of this application;

[0043] Among them, 1. Solar energy system, 2. Air inlet pipe, 3. Aquatic plants, 4. Connecting components, 5. Buoyancy device, 6. Buoyancy auxiliary device, 7. Encapsulation structure, 8. Aeration device, 9. Packing material, 10. Jet aeration pipe, 11. Fixing device, 5-1. First bolt fixing point, 5-2. Hole, 5-3. Connecting component fixing point. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0045] For the terms defined below, unless a different definition is given elsewhere in the claims or this specification, these definitions shall apply. All numerical values, whether explicitly indicated or not, are defined herein as being modified by the term "about." The term "about" generally refers to a range of numerical values ​​that a person skilled in the art would consider equivalent to the stated values ​​to produce substantially the same properties, functions, results, etc. A range of numerical values ​​indicated by a low value and a high value is defined as including all numerical values ​​included within that range and all subranges included within that range.

[0046] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this application are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of this application described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0047] The following describes the preparation method of the denitrification packing provided in the embodiments of this application, including the following steps:

[0048] On one hand, this application provides a floating island-type denitrification packing material for water bodies. The denitrification packing material has a porous structure and comprises 20-25% by weight of activated diatomaceous earth as an adsorbent, 25-35% by weight of zeolite powder as an ammonia nitrogen adsorbent, 25-35% by weight of cement as a binder, 14.5-29.5% by weight of stone powder as aggregate, and 0.5% by weight of foaming agent. This material is expanded, pulverized, and sieved. Its main technical indicator is that the bulk density of the denitrification packing material is 430-680 kg / m³. 3 Specific surface area ≥ 8.5 m² 2 / g, compressive strength ≥2.5MPa, porosity ≥75%, dry density ≤800kg / m³ 3 Water absorption rate ≥352 Particle size range 5~80mm, specifically: 5~10mm, 10~20mm, 20~40mm, 40~60mm, 60~80mm.

[0049] Specifically: the activated diatomaceous earth of the denitrification packing is a powder of 120-300 mesh, the zeolite powder of the denitrification packing is a powder of 200-400 mesh, and the stone powder of the denitrification packing is a powder of 200-400 mesh.

[0050] In some embodiments, stone powder is waste dust from granite and other stones processed in the stone industry, and its silica content is greater than 50%.

[0051] Furthermore, a method for preparing denitrification packing material for a floating island-type water denitrification and purification device is characterized in that the preparation method includes the following steps:

[0052] S11: Ingredients: The ingredients are active diatomaceous earth powder, zeolite powder, cement, and stone powder, which are measured and mixed evenly according to the above proportions, in a quantity of 600 parts (total weight is calculated as 1000 parts).

[0053] S12: Foaming: Add 0.5 parts by weight of anionic surfactant or cationic surfactant to 399.5 parts by weight of water, stir thoroughly to produce a large amount of foam, and make a foaming liquid;

[0054] S13: Pulping: Add the mixture obtained in S11 to the foaming liquid in S12, stir thoroughly, and prepare a slurry;

[0055] S14: Expansion molding: The slurry prepared by S11 is fed into a molding die to be cross-linked and molded into a porous solid material;

[0056] S15: Crushing: The extruded and cross-linked solids are fed into a crusher for crushing;

[0057] S16: Sieving: The crushed material is sieved to obtain denitrification filter media with particle sizes of 5-10mm, 10-20mm, 20-40mm, 40-60mm, and 60-80mm.

[0058] In some embodiments, the porous structure is honeycomb-shaped, with strong adsorption capacity, capable of adsorbing organic matter and microorganisms in the water onto the surface of its denitrification packing and into the honeycomb-shaped pores.

[0059] Specifically, nitrifying bacteria proliferate and grow on the surface of the denitrification packing material, which enhances the nitrification function of ammonia nitrogen in the water, and the removal rate of nitrifying bacteria is greater than 94%; denitrifying bacteria proliferate and grow in the honeycomb-like pores, which have a strong denitrification function of nitrate nitrogen, and the removal rate of total nitrogen in the water by denitrifying bacteria is greater than 90%.

[0060] The denitrification packing material of this application utilizes the adsorption properties of activated diatomaceous earth to adsorb organic matter in the water onto the packing surface, forming a localized enrichment of organic matter. Furthermore, as a porous carrier, it can also adsorb nitrifying bacteria in the water onto the packing surface, causing the total number of nitrifying bacteria on the filter media surface to increase exponentially, thus multiplying the nitrification effect. Similarly, as a porous carrier, it can also adsorb denitrifying bacteria in the water into the honeycomb-like pores of the packing, causing the total number of denitrifying bacteria within the filter media pores to increase exponentially, thus multiplying the denitrification effect.

[0061] On the other hand, this application provides a floating island type water denitrification and purification device, the device including an air intake pipe 2, aquatic plants 3, a connecting device 4, a buoyancy device 5, a buoyancy auxiliary device 6, a sealing structure 7, an aeration device 8, denitrification packing 9, a jet aeration pipe 10 and a solar energy system 1.

[0062] A buoyancy aid 6 is located on the outer periphery of the buoyancy device, and a solar energy system 1 is located above the buoyancy device 5. The buoyancy device 5 has holes for accommodating aquatic plants 3. The buoyancy device 5 and the encapsulation structure 7 are detachably connected by a connecting member 4. The encapsulation structure 7 is used to load the aeration device 8 and the denitrification packing 9, wherein the denitrification packing 9 is the denitrification packing described above. One end of the air inlet pipe 2 is connected to the air inlet of the aeration device 8, and the other end of the air inlet pipe 2 extends out of the buoyancy device 5 and communicates with the atmosphere. The aeration pipe 10 is connected to the outlet of the aeration device.

[0063] In some embodiments, the aeration device 8 is an aeration pump.

[0064] In some embodiments, the buoyancy device 5 includes at least two floats, which are connected to each other to form a float layer. The floats have holes in the middle for accommodating aquatic plants 3. First bolt fixing points 5-1 are provided at the corners of the floats for fixing adjacent floats on the same plane. Connecting member fixing points 5-3 are provided around the perimeter of the floats for connecting the buoyancy device 5 and the encapsulation structure 7 together in the thickness direction. (Refer to the attached diagram.) Figure 4In some embodiments, the floats can be made of lightweight materials such as foam board, polyester fiber, polyethylene, and carbon fiber. Specifically, the floats are made of lightweight HDPE material, 500mm long, 500mm wide, and 150mm thick, with a single piece capable of bearing 10kg. By combining the floats horizontally, the floating island-style water purification device of this application can be applied to large-scale aquatic systems. After the four corners of the four floats are joined together, four-hole gaskets are used to cover the first bolt fixing points 5-1 at the four corners of the floats, and the four fixing points are fixed with hexagonal socket head cap screws to secure the four adjacent floats together; or two adjacent floats can be fixed with gaskets and bolts. Several floats are then joined together to form a float layer. In some embodiments, the floats also feature a perforated pattern design.

[0065] In some embodiments, the buoyancy device 5 includes at least one float layer. The upper first float layer can be used to place aquatic plants 3. The body of the connecting member 4 passes through the thickness direction of the upper first float layer and the lower second float layer, and one end of the connecting member 4 is connected to the encapsulation structure 7. The number of floats in the second float layer can be the same as that in the first float layer. After the floats are spliced ​​together to form a float layer, the size of the buoyancy device 5 formed by the upper and lower float layers can be 4m*4m*0.3m.

[0066] In some embodiments, the floating plate layer may also be a floating plate with an overall size of 5m*5m*0.15m and a single plate load capacity of over 3700kg.

[0067] The buoyancy device 5 allows the floating island-type water purification device to support more packing material, improving water treatment efficiency. Furthermore, because the buoyancy device 5 has an internal suspended structure, the pores within the structure ensure sufficient root extension and effective oxygenation. Since the buoyancy device 5 provides enough buoyancy to prevent the roots from being completely submerged, both aquatic and terrestrial plants can adapt and grow. Plants grow densely on the carrier through various methods such as seeding and root division. After several growth cycles, the planting density is higher than that of terrestrial planting. Plant roots penetrate the gaps in the buoyancy device 5, reaching a depth of 1.5 meters underwater, maximizing plant absorption and providing food and habitat protection for aquatic animals.

[0068] In some embodiments, the buoyancy aid 6 can be a PVC pipe or a float, and the buoyancy aid 6 can be tied to the outer periphery of the buoyancy device 5 using ropes or steel bars.

[0069] Preferably, the device further includes an aeration device 8 and a solar energy system 1. The solar energy system 1 is connected to the aeration device 8, the aeration device 8 is placed inside the encapsulation structure 7, and the solar energy system 1 is positioned above the buoyancy device 5.

[0070] Furthermore, the solar energy system 1 includes a solar panel and a support frame. One end of the support frame is connected to the solar panel to support it, and the other end is connected to the buoyancy device. The solar energy system also includes a controller, a battery, and an inverter mounted on the support frame. The controller is electrically connected to the battery, and the inverter is electrically connected to both the battery and the aeration device 8, supplying power to ensure the normal operation of the aeration device and achieving the goals of promoting water flow, increasing dissolved oxygen, and saving energy. Specifically, a DC fuse or circuit breaker can be installed on the line between the inverter and the battery. Specifically, the solar panel is a polycrystalline silicon panel or a monocrystalline silicon panel, 750W, with dimensions of 2384×1303×35mm. Specifically, the other end of the support frame is connected to the float plate of the buoyancy device 4 via bolts.

[0071] The bottom of the aeration device 8 is equipped with a jet aeration pipe 10. Both ends of the jet aeration pipe 10 extend outwards from the aeration device 8, and the outward-extending pipe body has several aeration holes to disperse the gas absorbed by the aeration device 8 from the intake pipe 2 into the packing 9. The middle part of the aeration perforated pipe 10 is connected to the air outlet pipe of the aeration device 8 via a connector. The connector can be a flange connector or a threaded connector. The external thread of the threaded connector is located at the end of the air outlet pipe, and the internal thread of the threaded connector is located in the middle of the aeration perforated pipe 10.

[0072] Furthermore, the floating island-type water denitrification and purification device also includes a fixing device 11, which is movably connected to the encapsulation structure 7.

[0073] In some embodiments, the floating island-type water phosphorus removal and purification device further includes a fixing device 11, which is movably connected to the bottom of the encapsulation structure 7 via ropes, so that the floating island-type water phosphorus removal and purification device floats up and down in the water.

[0074] Furthermore, the encapsulation structure 7 is made of stainless steel mesh, and its dimensions are 4m*4m*1.2m. Correspondingly, the filling volume of the adsorption and phosphorus removal filler is 19.0m³. 3 .

[0075] The denitrification filler used in the device is the aforementioned denitrification filler. The denitrification filler is placed in the encapsulation structure 7, which is located below the buoyancy device 4. The buoyancy device 4 is detachably connected to the encapsulation structure 7. The interior of the buoyancy device 4 is an elevated structure, and aquatic plants 3 can be placed on the upper part of the interior of the buoyancy device 4.

[0076] Using the above-described floating island-type water denitrification and purification device and the denitrification packing material, nitrification and denitrification of water are achieved according to the following steps:

[0077] S21: Installation: First, open the encapsulation structure 7, place the aeration device 8 and jet aeration pipe 10 into the encapsulation structure 7, and fix the aeration device 8 and jet aeration pipe 10 therein with ropes. After filling the denitrification filler 9, release the ropes and other fixing structures, and close the encapsulation structure 7. The aeration device and denitrification filler are then enclosed in the encapsulation structure. After the connecting component is attached to the encapsulation structure, pass the connecting component through the buoyancy device to fix the encapsulation structure and the buoyancy device. Place the installed floating island-type water denitrification and purification device in the water body to be purified.

[0078] S22: Microbial cultivation: Start the aeration device to form water convection and aeration. Ammonia, total nitrogen and organic matter in the water are adsorbed on the denitrification packing in the encapsulation structure. At the same time, nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the water are also adsorbed on the surface and pores of the denitrification packing. Using the denitrification packing as a carrier and the adsorbed ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and organic matter as nutrients, they multiply and grow in large quantities.

[0079] S23: Nitrification for ammonia nitrogen removal and denitrification for nitrate nitrogen removal: After 7–30 days of cultivation and proliferation, the number of nitrifying bacteria adsorbed on the surface of the denitrification packing and multiplying therein increases exponentially, and the concentration increases geometrically. During the reproduction of nitrifying bacteria, ammonia nitrogen is nitrified into nitrate nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen, thereby achieving the goal of removing ammonia nitrogen. Simultaneously, the number of bacteria adsorbed in the pores of the denitrification packing and multiplying therein increases exponentially, and the concentration increases. During the reproduction of denitrifying bacteria, nitrate nitrogen is denitrified into nitrogen gas and discharged into the air, thereby achieving the removal of nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen. After denitrification, the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the water body are reduced from 2–10 mg / L to 0.5–1 mg / L.

[0080] To test the denitrification effect of the above-mentioned device and denitrification packing at different residence times, this application conducted the following tests:

[0081] Example 1

[0082] A denitrification filter material with a particle size of 5-10 mm was prepared by using 20% ​​activated diatomaceous earth (120 mesh) as adsorbent, 25% zeolite powder (400 mesh) as ammonia nitrogen adsorbent, 25% cement as binder, 29.5% stone powder as aggregate, and 0.5% foaming agent as foaming agent. The filter material was expanded, crushed, and sieved to achieve the desired removal efficiency of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen. The following tests were conducted to assess the removal efficiency of total nitrogen and ammonia nitrogen.

[0083] I. Total Nitrogen Removal Efficiency: Four 10000ml culture flasks were used, numbered 01, 02, 03, and 04. The denitrification packing material was placed into the test flasks, and wastewater containing different concentrations of total nitrogen was added. Aeration was carried out intermittently, once per hour for 20 minutes each time, for 49 consecutive days. A 30mL sample was taken every 7 days, allowed to stand, and filtered. The samples were numbered 1# (raw water), 2#…7#. The total nitrogen content of the raw water and samples 1#…8# was measured using the HJ636-2012 standard for the determination of total nitrogen, and the removal efficiency was calculated.

[0084] Table 1 Total nitrogen removal efficiency at different time points

[0085]

[0086] II. Ammonia Nitrogen Removal Efficiency: Four 10000ml culture flasks, numbered 01, 02, 03, and 04, were used. The denitrification packing material with a particle size of 5–10mm prepared above was placed into the flasks. Wastewater containing ammonia nitrogen of different concentrations was then added, followed by aeration. Samples were taken every 10 minutes to measure the ammonia nitrogen concentration, continuously for 90 minutes. Each sample was 100mL, allowed to stand, and filtered. Samples were numbered 1# (raw water), 2#…7#. Ammonia nitrogen in the raw water and samples 1#…8# were measured using HJ535-2009, "Determination of Ammonium in Water - Nessler's Reagent Colorimetric Method," and the removal efficiency was calculated.

[0087] Table 2 Ammonia nitrogen removal efficiency at different time points

[0088]

[0089] Example 2

[0090] A denitrification packing material, having a porous structure, comprises 23% by weight activated diatomaceous earth as an adsorbent, 35% zeolite powder as an ammonia nitrogen adsorbent, 25% cement as a binder, 16.5% stone powder as aggregate, and 0.5% foaming agent, which are expanded, pulverized, and sieved. Its main technical indicator is: the bulk density of the denitrification packing material is 430–680 kg / m³. 3 Specific surface area ≥ 8.5 m² 2 / g, compressive strength ≥2.5MPa, porosity ≥75%, dry density ≤800kg / m³ 3 Water absorption rate ≥35%, particle size range 5~80mm.

[0091] Specifically: the activated diatomaceous earth of the denitrification filler is 300-mesh powder, the zeolite powder of the denitrification filler is 400-mesh powder, and the stone powder of the denitrification filler is 200-mesh powder.

[0092] Furthermore, a method for preparing denitrification packing includes the following steps:

[0093] S11: Ingredients: Select 20% by mass of activated diatomaceous earth with a particle size of 120 mesh as adsorbent, 25% of zeolite powder with a particle size of 400 mesh as ammonia nitrogen adsorbent, 25% of cement as binder, and 29.5% of stone powder as aggregate, mix them evenly to form 600 parts of mixture 6000kg (total weight is calculated as 1000 parts).

[0094] S12: Foaming: Add 50 kg of anionic or cationic surfactant to 3999.5 kg of water and stir thoroughly to generate a large amount of foam;

[0095] S13: Pulping: Add the mixture obtained in S11 to the foaming liquid in S12, stir thoroughly, and prepare a slurry;

[0096] S14: Expansion molding: The slurry prepared in S13 is injected into a rectangular molding mold to cross-link and form a porous solid material;

[0097] S15: Crushing: The porous solid material formed by puffing and cross-linking is fed into a crusher for crushing;

[0098] S16: Sieving: The crushed material is sieved to obtain denitrification filter media with particle sizes of 5-10mm, 10-20mm, 20-40mm, 40-60mm, and 60-80mm.

[0099] In some embodiments, the porous structure is honeycomb-shaped, with strong adsorption capacity, capable of adsorbing organic matter and microorganisms in the water onto the surface of its denitrification packing and into the honeycomb-shaped pores.

[0100] Specifically, nitrifying bacteria proliferate and grow on the surface of the denitrification packing material, which enhances the nitrification function of ammonia nitrogen in the water, and the removal rate of nitrifying bacteria is greater than 94%; denitrifying bacteria proliferate and grow in the honeycomb-like pores, which have a strong denitrification function of nitrate nitrogen, and the removal rate of total nitrogen in the water by denitrifying bacteria is greater than 90%.

[0101] The denitrification packing material of this application utilizes the adsorption properties of activated diatomaceous earth to adsorb organic matter in the water onto the surface of the packing material, forming a localized enrichment of organic matter. Furthermore, as a porous carrier, it can also adsorb nitrifying bacteria in the water onto the surface of the packing material, multiplying the total number of nitrifying bacteria on the filter media surface and thus significantly enhancing the nitrification effect. Similarly, as a porous carrier, it can also adsorb denitrifying bacteria in the water into the honeycomb-like pores of the packing material, multiplying the total number of denitrifying bacteria within the filter media pores and thus significantly enhancing the denitrification effect.

[0102] The denitrification packing material 9 prepared above is applied to a floating island type water adsorption denitrification and purification device. The operation method of the device is as follows:

[0103] S21: Installation: Select a 4m*4m*1.2m stainless steel mesh enclosure structure 7. First, open the enclosure structure 7, place the aeration pump 8 inside, and fix the aeration pump 8 inside with the suction pipe. After filling with denitrification filler 9, close the enclosure structure 7. This ensures that the aeration pump 8 is in a stable state during operation. The connecting component 4, such as a wire or U-clamp, is a detachable structure. After one end is hooked to the enclosure structure 7, the enclosure structure 7 and the buoyancy device 5 are fixed by passing the connecting component 4 through the buoyancy device 5. Place the installed floating island-type water body phosphorus removal and purification device in the water body to be purified. The buoyancy device 5 has dimensions of 4m*4m*0.3m and is composed of HDPE floats with a length of 4000mm, a width of 4000mm, and a thickness of 150mm. These floats are connected by bolts and spliced ​​together to form upper and lower float layers, thus forming the aforementioned buoyancy device 5.

[0104] The solar panel is a crystalline silicon solar panel, 750W, with dimensions of 2384×1303×35mm.

[0105] S22: Microbial Cultivation: Start the aeration device to create convection in the water. Use the jet aeration pipe for jet aeration to create water convection and aeration. Ammonia, total nitrogen, and organic matter in the water are adsorbed onto the denitrification packing in the encapsulation structure. Simultaneously, nitrifying and denitrifying bacteria in the water are also adsorbed onto the surface and pores of the denitrification packing. Using the denitrification packing as a carrier and the adsorbed ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen, and organic matter as nutrients, they multiply and grow in large quantities.

[0106] S23: Nitrification for ammonia nitrogen removal and denitrification for nitrate nitrogen removal: After 7–30 days of cultivation and proliferation, the number of nitrifying bacteria adsorbed on the surface of the denitrification packing and multiplying therein increases exponentially, and the concentration increases geometrically. During the reproduction of nitrifying bacteria, ammonia nitrogen is nitrified into nitrate nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen, thereby achieving the goal of removing ammonia nitrogen. Simultaneously, the number of bacteria adsorbed in the pores of the denitrification packing and multiplying therein increases exponentially, and the concentration increases. During the reproduction of denitrifying bacteria, nitrate nitrogen is denitrified into nitrogen gas and discharged into the air, thereby achieving the removal of nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen. After denitrification, the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the water body are reduced from 2–10 mg / L to 0.5–1 mg / L.

[0107] The foregoing description has fully disclosed the specific embodiments of this application. It should be noted that any modifications made by those skilled in the art to the specific embodiments of this application do not depart from the scope of the claims. Accordingly, the scope of the claims of this application is not limited to the foregoing specific embodiments.

Claims

1. A denitrification packing material, characterized in that, The denitrification packing has a honeycomb-like porous structure. Its raw materials include 20-25% by weight of activated diatomaceous earth as an adsorbent, 25-35% by weight of zeolite powder as an ammonia nitrogen adsorbent, 25-35% by weight of cement as a binder, 14.5-29.5% by weight of stone powder as aggregate, and 0.5% by weight of foaming agent. Its main technical indicator is: the bulk density of the denitrification packing is 430-680 kg / m³. 3 Specific surface area ≥ 8.5 m² 2 / g, compressive strength ≥2.5MPa, porosity ≥75%, dry density ≤800kg / m³ 3 Water absorption rate ≥35%, particle size range 5~80mm.

2. The denitrification packing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The activated diatomaceous earth of the denitrification packing is a powder of 120-300 mesh, the zeolite powder of the denitrification packing is a powder of 200-400 mesh, and the stone powder of the denitrification packing is a powder of 200-400 mesh.

3. The adsorption and denitrification packing material as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The silica content of the stone powder is greater than 50%; the foaming agent is an anionic surfactant or a cationic surfactant.

4. A method for preparing a denitrification packing material, characterized in that, The preparation method includes the following steps: S11: Ingredients: Provide the active diatomaceous earth powder, zeolite powder, cement and stone powder as described in claim 1, and mix them evenly according to a preset ratio to form a mixture of 600 parts (total weight is calculated as 1000 parts). S12: Foaming: Add 0.5 parts by weight of anionic surfactant or cationic surfactant to 399.5 parts by weight of water, stir thoroughly to generate a large amount of foam, and form a foaming liquid; S13: Pulping: Add the mixture obtained in S11 to the foaming liquid in S12, stir thoroughly, and prepare a slurry; S14: Expansion molding: The slurry prepared in S13 is fed into a molding die to be cross-linked and molded into a porous solid material; S15: Crushing: Porous solid materials formed by puffed cross-linking are fed into a crusher for crushing; S16: Sieving: The crushed material is sieved to obtain the denitrification filter material with a particle size of 5-80 mm, specifically the particle size range of 5-10 mm, 10-20 mm, 20-40 mm, 40-60 mm, and 60-80 mm.

5. A floating island-type water denitrification and purification device, characterized in that, The device includes an air intake pipe (2), a buoyancy device (5), a connecting component (4), a buoyancy auxiliary device (6), an encapsulation structure (7), an aeration device (8), a denitrification packing (9), a jet aeration pipe (10), and a solar power supply system (1) that supplies power to the aeration device (8). The denitrification packing (9) is the denitrification packing according to any one of claims 1 to 3; The buoyancy auxiliary device (6) is located on the outer periphery of the buoyancy device (5); the solar energy system (1) is located above the buoyancy device (5) to supply power to the aeration device (8); the buoyancy device (5) is provided with holes (5-2) for accommodating aquatic plants (3); the buoyancy device (5) and the encapsulation structure (7) are detachably connected by the connecting member (4); the encapsulation structure (7) is used to load the aeration device (8) and the denitrification filler (9); one end of the air intake pipe (2) is connected to the air inlet of the aeration device (8), and the other end of the air intake pipe (2) extends out of the buoyancy device (5) and communicates with the atmosphere; the jet aeration pipe (10) is connected to the outlet of the aeration device (8).

6. The floating island-type water phosphorus removal and purification device as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The buoyancy device (4) includes at least one float layer, the upper first float layer can be used to place aquatic plants (3), the body of the connecting member (4) passes through the thickness direction of the upper first float layer and the lower second float layer, and one end of the connecting member (4) is connected to the encapsulation structure (7).

7. The floating island-type water phosphorus removal and purification device as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The floating plate layer includes at least two floating plates, which are connected to each other to form a floating plate layer. The floating plate has a hole in the middle for accommodating aquatic plants (3). The floating plate has a first bolt fixing point (5-1) at the corner. The floating plate has a connecting member fixing point (5-3) around its perimeter.

8. The floating island-type water phosphorus removal and purification device as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The solar energy system (1) includes a solar panel, a bracket, and a controller, a storage battery, and an inverter mounted on the bracket. One end of the bracket is connected to the solar panel, and the other end of the bracket is connected to the buoyancy device (5). The controller is electrically connected to the storage battery, and the inverter is electrically connected to the storage battery and the aeration device (8) respectively.

9. A floating island-type water purification and phosphorus removal device according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sidewall of the encapsulation structure (7) is a mesh structure, and one end of the connecting member (4) is attached to the top edge of the mesh structure.

10. A method of using a floating island-type water denitrification and purification device, characterized in that, The operation method of the floating island-type water denitrification and purification device described in any one of 5 to 9 is as follows: S21: Installation: The aeration device (8) and denitrification packing (9) are enclosed in the encapsulation structure (7). After the connecting member (4) is hooked to the encapsulation structure (7), the connecting member (4) is passed through the buoyancy device (5) to fix the encapsulation structure (7) and the buoyancy device (5). The installed floating island type water denitrification and purification device is placed in the water body to be purified. S22: Microbial cultivation: Start the aeration device (8) to make the water body form convection, use the jet aeration pipe (10) to perform jet aeration, form water convection and aeration, and the ammonia, total nitrogen and organic matter in the water body are adsorbed on the denitrification packing in the encapsulation structure (7); at the same time, the nitrifying bacteria and denitrifying bacteria in the water body are also adsorbed on the surface and pores of the denitrification packing (9), and with the denitrification packing (9) as a carrier, and with the adsorbed ammonia nitrogen, total nitrogen and organic matter as nutrients, they multiply and grow in large quantities; S23: Nitrification for ammonia nitrogen removal and denitrification for nitrate nitrogen removal: After 7 to 30 days of cultivation and proliferation, the number of nitrifying bacteria adsorbed on the surface of the denitrification packing (9) and multiplying therein increases continuously, and the density increases geometrically. During the reproduction of nitrifying bacteria, ammonia nitrogen is nitrified into nitrate nitrogen or nitrite nitrogen, thereby achieving the goal of removing ammonia nitrogen. Simultaneously, the number of bacteria adsorbed in the pores of the denitrification packing and multiplying therein increases continuously, and the concentration increases continuously. During the reproduction of denitrifying bacteria, nitrate nitrogen is denitrified into nitrogen gas and discharged into the air, thereby achieving the removal of nitrate nitrogen and total nitrogen. After denitrification, the ammonia nitrogen and total nitrogen in the water body are reduced from 2 to 10 mg / L to 0.5 to 1 mg / L.

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