Optical mirror surface machining equipment and machining method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of optical mirror surface machining equipment, in particular to optical mirror surface machining equipment and a machining method thereof.The optical mirror surface machining equipment comprises a supporting frame, a grinding mechanism is installed at the top of the supporting frame, the grinding mechanism comprises a grinding frame, and the grinding frame is fixedly installed at the top of the supporting frame; a first mounting frame is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the grinding frame, the first mounting seats are fixedly mounted on the side portion of an inner cavity of the first mounting frame, the number of the first mounting seats is two, a first worm is rotatably mounted between the two first mounting seats, and the second mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the other side of the first mounting frame. The number of the second mounting seats is two. Through the arrangement of the polishing mechanism, the contact position can be periodically changed through the polishing head which reciprocates up and down, so that the polishing head uniformly applies cutting force to different areas of the mirror surface, the material removal amount is ensured to be consistent in space distribution, and thus the target surface type is accurately controlled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of optical mirror processing equipment technology, specifically to an optical mirror processing equipment and its processing method. Background Technology

[0002] Optical mirrors, as core components of precision optical systems, are widely used in high-end technology fields such as aerospace remote sensing, laser communication, medical imaging, and precision measurement. Their surface accuracy, surface roughness, and surface shape errors directly determine the imaging quality and performance stability of the optical system. With the rapid development of modern optical technology, the requirements for the processing precision of optical mirrors are becoming increasingly stringent, especially in the processing of complex surface shapes such as large-aperture, aspherical, and freeform surfaces. Traditional processing equipment and processes are no longer sufficient to meet the demands for high-precision and high-efficiency processing.

[0003] Existing optical mirror processing equipment faces numerous technical bottlenecks in practical applications. Most equipment employs a fixed-track grinding head structure, where the grinding head can only achieve a single rotational motion or a fixed-path translational motion. This processing method easily leads to excessive cutting in local areas of the mirror surface due to continuous stress, resulting in concave, convex, or irregular deformation of the mirror surface. It is difficult to ensure the uniform spatial distribution of material removal, directly affecting the precise control of the target surface shape. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To overcome the above deficiencies, the present invention provides an optical mirror processing device that overcomes or at least partially solves the above technical problems.

[0005] This invention is implemented as follows:

[0006] This invention provides an optical mirror processing device, including a support frame, on the top of which a grinding mechanism is mounted. The grinding mechanism includes:

[0007] A grinding frame, wherein the grinding frame is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame, and a first mounting bracket is fixedly installed on the bottom of the grinding frame;

[0008] The first mounting seat is fixedly installed on the inner cavity side of the first mounting bracket. There are two first mounting seats, and a first worm gear is rotatably installed between the two first mounting seats.

[0009] The second mounting base is fixedly installed on the other side of the first mounting bracket. There are two second mounting bases, and a first worm gear is rotatably installed inside the two second mounting bases. The first worm gear meshes with the first worm.

[0010] A sliding cylinder is disposed at the bottom plate of the first mounting frame. The sliding cylinder passes through the entire bottom plate of the first mounting frame and is slidably connected to the first mounting frame. A grinding head is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding cylinder.

[0011] In one embodiment of the present invention, a first motor is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the first mounting bracket, the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected to a first worm gear, a first rotating shaft is fixedly installed on the side of the first worm gear, the first rotating shaft passes through the entire first mounting base and is rotatably connected to the first mounting base, a toothed block is provided on the surface of the first rotating shaft, the first rotating shaft is slidably connected to a sliding cylinder, and the toothed block meshes with the sliding cylinder.

[0012] In one embodiment of the present invention, a crankshaft is rotatably mounted on the side of each of the two second mounting seats. The crankshaft is fixedly connected to a first worm gear. A first rotating seat is rotatably mounted on the crankshaft plate. A first connecting plate is rotatably mounted inside the first rotating seat. A third mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the first mounting bracket. There are two third mounting seats. A second connecting plate is rotatably mounted on the side of each of the two third mounting seats. The second connecting plate is rotatably connected to the first connecting plate.

[0013] In one embodiment of the present invention, a grooved wheel is fixedly installed on the surface of the sliding cylinder, a first sliding groove is provided at the end of the second connecting plate, a sliding column is slidably installed inside the first sliding groove, a first sliding block is fixedly installed on the side of the sliding column, the first sliding block is disposed inside the groove of the grooved wheel, and an adjustment mechanism is installed inside the first mounting bracket. The adjustment mechanism includes a second rotating seat, and the second rotating seat is fixedly installed on the side of the first rotating seat.

[0014] In one embodiment of the present invention, a connecting shaft is rotatably mounted on the side of each of the two second mounting seats. A first pulley is fixedly mounted on the surface of the connecting shaft, an eccentric wheel is fixedly mounted on the surface of the connecting shaft, and a third connecting plate is rotatably mounted on the surface of the eccentric wheel. The other end of the third connecting plate is rotatably connected to the second rotating seat.

[0015] In one embodiment of the present invention, a second mounting bracket is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the first mounting bracket, and a first sliding rod is slidably mounted inside the second mounting bracket. There are two first sliding rods, and a bottom-contact ball is fixedly mounted on the end of each of the two first sliding rods. A spring is sleeved on the surface of each of the two first sliding rods, and the spring is located inside the second mounting bracket. A crossbar is fixedly mounted on the surface of the left first sliding rod, and the crossbar extends through to the side of the first mounting bracket and is slidably connected to the first mounting bracket.

[0016] In one embodiment of the present invention, a fourth mounting seat is fixedly mounted on the side of the first mounting bracket. Two fourth mounting seats are provided. A second rotating shaft is rotatably mounted inside the two fourth mounting seats. A second pulley is fixedly mounted on the surface of the second rotating shaft. The second pulley is connected to the first pulley via a belt. A first gear is fixedly mounted on the surface of the second rotating shaft. A first toothed plate is slidably mounted on the side of the first mounting bracket. The first toothed plate meshes with the first gear. The bottom of the first toothed plate is fixedly connected to the end of the crossbar.

[0017] In one embodiment of the present invention, a cooling mechanism is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first mounting bracket. The cooling mechanism includes a water tank, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first mounting bracket. Two water tanks are provided. A pressure sensor is provided at the end of the grinding head. An electric telescopic rod is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first mounting bracket. The electric telescopic rod is connected to the pressure sensor via an electrical signal. A regulating valve is fixedly installed at the bottom of the front water tank. A second gear is fixedly installed on the surface of the regulating valve. A second toothed plate is fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod. The second toothed plate meshes with the second gear. A third mounting bracket is fixedly installed at the bottom of the first mounting bracket. A second sliding rod is slidably installed inside the third mounting bracket. A water spray head is fixedly installed at the bottom of the second sliding rod. The water spray head is inclined. A telescopic hose is fixedly installed at the top of the water spray head. The water spray head is connected to the water tank via the telescopic hose.

[0018] In one embodiment of the present invention, a clamping mechanism is installed on the top of the support frame. The clamping mechanism includes a first electric slide rail, which is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame. Two first electric slide rails are provided, and a second electric slide rail is slidably installed inside each of the two first electric slide rails. A clamping disc is slidably installed inside the second electric slide rail. A second sliding groove is formed on the surface of the clamping disc. Three second sliding grooves are provided, and clamping blocks are slidably installed inside the three second sliding grooves. A second worm gear is rotatably installed inside the inner cavity of the clamping disc, and a second worm wheel is rotatably installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the clamping disc. The second worm gear meshes with the second worm wheel. An mounting disc is fixedly installed on the top of the second worm wheel. A third sliding groove is formed on the surface of the mounting disc, and a second sliding block is slidably installed inside the third sliding groove. The second sliding block is rotatably connected to the clamping block.

[0019] An optical mirror processing method, applicable to an optical mirror processing device, comprises the following steps:

[0020] S1: Place the optical mirror to be processed stably on the surface of the clamping plate, ensuring that the center of the mirror is roughly aligned with the center of the clamping plate. Rotate the second worm gear inside the clamping plate. The second worm gear drives the meshing second worm wheel to rotate, which in turn drives the mounting plate to rotate synchronously. The mounting plate pulls the three clamping blocks along the second sliding groove towards the center synchronously through the second sliding block in the third sliding groove until the clamping blocks are tightly attached to the edge of the mirror, thus completing the workpiece fixation.

[0021] S2: By operating the first and second electric slide rails on the top of the support frame, move the clamping plate and the fixed mirror so that the area to be processed on the mirror is aligned with the bottom of the grinding head. Observe the relative position of the grinding head and the mirror, and fine-tune it until the grinding head is aligned with the center of the mirror or the initial processing point, ensuring that the bottom of the grinding head and the surface of the mirror are reserved with a suitable initial distance.

[0022] S3: Start the first motor. The first motor drives the first worm to rotate, which in turn drives the coaxial first rotating shaft to rotate. The first rotating shaft meshes with the sliding cylinder through the surface tooth block, causing the sliding cylinder and the bottom grinding head to rotate at high speed. At the same time, the first worm drives the meshing first worm wheel to rotate, which drives the crankshaft to rotate eccentrically. The crankshaft pulls the second connecting plate to swing back and forth through the first rotating seat and the first connecting plate. The second connecting plate drives the grooved wheel and the sliding cylinder to move up and down back and forth through the sliding column and the first sliding block. The grinding head begins to perform rotational and reciprocating compound grinding on the mirror surface.

[0023] S4: During the polishing process, the bottom ball of the second mounting bracket always keeps in contact with the mirror surface. As the curvature of the mirror changes, it pushes the first sliding rod to move up and down. The first sliding rod on the left drives the first toothed plate to slide through the crossbar, driving the first gear and the second rotating shaft to rotate. The second rotating shaft drives the connecting shaft to rotate through the second pulley and belt. The eccentric wheel on the connecting shaft adjusts the eccentric trajectory of the first rotating seat through the third connecting plate and the second rotating seat, thereby changing the swing amplitude of the first connecting plate and the second connecting plate, so as to realize the dynamic adaptation of the reciprocating amplitude of the polishing head with the curvature of the mirror.

[0024] S5: During grinding, the pressure sensor at the end of the grinding head detects the grinding pressure in real time and transmits the signal to the electric telescopic rod. The electric telescopic rod extends and retracts according to the pressure. It drives the second gear and the regulating valve to rotate through the second toothed plate, adjusting the amount of cooling water delivered from the front water tank to the spray head through the telescopic hose. It continuously monitors the grinding status. After the mirror surface is processed to the target surface shape, the first motor and all drive components are turned off, the second worm gear is rotated in the opposite direction to release the clamping block, and the processed mirror surface is removed.

[0025] The optical mirror processing equipment provided by this invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] 1. The present invention, through the setting of the grinding mechanism, enables the grinding head to perform up-and-down reciprocating motion while rotating. The optical mirror surface requires extremely high surface shape accuracy. If the grinding head is fixed, local areas will be over-cut due to continuous force, resulting in concave, convex or irregular deformation of the mirror surface. However, the up-and-down reciprocating motion can periodically change the contact position, so that the grinding head applies cutting force evenly to different areas of the mirror surface, ensuring that the amount of material removed is uniformly distributed in space, thereby accurately controlling the target surface shape.

[0027] 2. By adjusting the mechanism, this invention can change the amplitude of the up-and-down reciprocating movement of the grinding head. If the grinding head uses a fixed amplitude, over-cutting or under-cutting may easily occur. However, by adjusting the reciprocating amplitude according to the mirror surface amplitude, the grinding head can increase the amplitude in high-demand areas and decrease the amplitude in low-demand areas, so that the amount of material removed is precisely matched with the spatial changes of the surface shape, fundamentally controlling the surface shape error and ensuring that the final surface shape meets the design requirements.

[0028] 3. The present invention, through the setting of the cooling mechanism, allows the entire device to adjust the amount of cooling water according to different pressures. In the high-pressure stage, the cooling water volume is automatically increased to enhance the efficiency of convective heat dissipation, quickly remove concentrated heat, and prevent the local temperature of the mirror surface from exceeding the material's tolerance threshold. In the low-pressure stage, the cooling water volume is automatically reduced, and the cooling operation can be carried out solely by the liquid of the abrasive suspension itself, avoiding the residual water film on the mirror surface due to excessive cooling, which would affect the subsequent cutting force transmission. Attached Figure Description

[0029] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation of the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the first mounting bracket structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the first mounting bracket provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the internal left view of the first mounting bracket provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 5A bottom view of the first mounting bracket provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the support mechanism structure provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support mechanism provided for an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 8 Provided for the embodiments of the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section A in the middle;

[0038] Figure 9 Provided for the embodiments of the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section B in the middle;

[0039] Figure 10 Provided for the embodiments of the present invention Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram of section C.

[0040] In the diagram: 1. Support frame; 2. Grinding mechanism; 201. Grinding frame; 202. First mounting frame; 203. First mounting base; 204. First worm gear; 205. Second mounting base; 206. First worm wheel; 207. Sliding cylinder; 208. Grinding head; 209. First motor; 210. First rotating shaft; 211. Gear block; 212. Crankshaft; 213. First rotating seat; 214. First connecting plate; 215. Third mounting base; 216. Second connecting plate; 217. Grooved wheel; 218. First sliding groove; 219. Sliding column; 220. First sliding block; 3. Adjustment mechanism; 301. Second rotating seat; 302. Connecting shaft; 303. First pulley; 304. Eccentric wheel; 305. Third connecting plate; 306. Second mounting frame; 307. First sliding rod 308. Bottom-contact ball; 309. Spring; 310. Crossbar; 311. Fourth mounting base; 312. Second rotating shaft; 313. Second pulley; 314. First gear; 315. First toothed plate; 4. Cooling mechanism; 401. Water tank; 402. Pressure sensor; 403. Electric telescopic rod; 404. Adjusting valve; 405. Second gear; 406. Second toothed plate; 407. Third mounting bracket; 408. Second sliding rod; 409. Spray head; 410. Telescopic hose; 5. Clamping mechanism; 501. First electric slide rail; 502. Second electric slide rail; 503. Clamping plate; 504. Second sliding groove; 505. Clamping block; 506. Second worm gear; 507. Second worm wheel; 508. Mounting plate; 509. Third sliding groove; 510. Second sliding block. Detailed Implementation

[0041] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Reference Figures 1-10 This technical solution provides an optical mirror processing device, specifically including a support frame 1. A grinding mechanism 2 is mounted on the top of the support frame 1. The grinding mechanism 2 includes a grinding frame 201, a first mounting base 203, a second mounting base 205, and a sliding cylinder 207. The grinding frame 201 is fixedly mounted on the top of the support frame 1, and the first mounting frame 202 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the grinding frame 201. The first mounting base 203 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the first mounting base 202. Two first mounting bases 203 are provided, and the two first mounting bases 203 rotate between each other. A first worm gear 204 is movably mounted on one side of the first mounting bracket 202. Two second mounting brackets 205 are fixedly mounted on the other side of the first mounting bracket 202. A first worm wheel 206 is rotatably mounted inside each second mounting bracket 205, meshing with the first worm gear 204. A sliding cylinder 207 is located at the bottom plate of the first mounting bracket 202, penetrating the entire bottom plate and slidably connected to the first mounting bracket 202. A grinding head 208 is fixedly mounted at the bottom of the sliding cylinder 207. A first motor 209 is installed at the top of the inner cavity of the frame 202. The output end of the first motor 209 is fixedly connected to the first worm gear 204. A first rotating shaft 210 is fixedly installed on the side of the first worm gear 204. The first rotating shaft 210 passes through the entire first mounting base 203 and is rotatably connected to the first mounting base 203. The surface of the first rotating shaft 210 is provided with toothed blocks 211. The first rotating shaft 210 is slidably connected to the sliding cylinder 207. The toothed blocks 211 mesh with the sliding cylinder 207. During use, the first motor 209 is started. 209 drives the first worm gear 204 to rotate, and the rotation of the first worm gear 204 drives the first rotating shaft 210 to rotate. The rotating first rotating shaft 210 drives the sliding cylinder 207 to rotate under the action of the tooth block 211. The rotating sliding cylinder 207 drives the grinding head 208 to rotate, thereby performing grinding operations on the optical mirror surface after rough processing. Under the drive of the first worm gear 204, the first worm wheel 206 also rotates. The operator positions the grinding head 208 at the center of the circular optical mirror surface to start grinding.

[0043] A crankshaft 212 is rotatably mounted on the side of each of the two second mounting seats 205. The crankshaft 212 is fixedly connected to the first worm gear 206. When the first worm gear 206 rotates, it can drive the crankshaft 212 to rotate. A first rotating seat 213 is rotatably mounted on the curved plate of the crankshaft 212. A first connecting plate 214 is rotatably mounted inside the first rotating seat 213. A third mounting seat 215 is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the first mounting bracket 202. There are two third mounting seats 215. A second connecting plate 216 is rotatably mounted on the side of each of the two third mounting seats 215. The second connecting plate 216 is connected to... The first connecting plate 214 is rotatably connected. A grooved wheel 217 is fixedly installed on the surface of the sliding cylinder 207. The end of the second connecting plate 216 is provided with a first sliding groove 218. A sliding column 219 is slidably installed inside the first sliding groove 218. A first sliding block 220 is fixedly installed on the side of the sliding column 219. The first sliding block 220 is disposed inside the groove of the grooved wheel 217. When the crankshaft 212 rotates, it can drive the first rotating seat 213 to rotate eccentrically. The eccentrically rotating first rotating seat 213 can drive the first connecting plate 214 to rotate. The rotation of the first sliding block 220 causes the second connecting plate 216 to swing back and forth, which in turn causes the grooved wheel 217 to drive the sliding cylinder 207 to move back and forth. The first sliding block 220 does not affect the rotation of the sliding cylinder 207, allowing the sliding cylinder 207 to move up and down simultaneously while rotating. This, in turn, allows the grinding head 208 to move up and down simultaneously while rotating. Optical mirrors require extremely high surface accuracy. If the grinding head 208 is fixed, localized areas will be over-cut due to continuous stress, leading to concave, convex, or irregular deformation of the mirror surface. Reciprocating movement can periodically change the contact position, allowing the grinding head 208 to apply cutting force evenly to different areas of the mirror surface, ensuring that the amount of material removed is spatially consistent, thereby precisely controlling the target surface shape. Furthermore, during the grinding process, the friction between the abrasive and the mirror surface generates heat. If the grinding head 208 is focused on a certain area for a long time, the local temperature may rise sharply. For optical materials such as glass and crystals, high temperature can easily lead to thermal deformation or changes in chemical properties, seriously affecting optical performance. Reciprocating movement can disperse the heat source, allowing the heat to spread evenly with the movement, reducing the risk of local overheating and protecting the original properties of the material.

[0044] Reference Figures 1-10This embodiment also proposes that an adjustment mechanism 3 is installed inside the first mounting bracket 202. The adjustment mechanism 3 includes a second rotating seat 301, which is fixedly installed on the side of the first rotating seat 213. A connecting shaft 302 is rotatably installed on the side of each of the two second mounting seats 205. A first pulley 303 is fixedly installed on the surface of the connecting shaft 302, and an eccentric wheel 304 is fixedly installed on the surface of the connecting shaft 302. A third connecting plate 305 is rotatably installed on the surface of the eccentric wheel 304. The other end of the third connecting plate 305 is rotatably connected to the second rotating seat 301. When the first rotating seat 213 rotates eccentrically, it can simultaneously drive the second rotating seat 301 to rotate eccentrically. When the connecting shaft 302 rotates, it can drive the eccentric wheel 304. The rotation causes a change in the tilt angle of the third connecting plate 305, thus changing its lever arm. This, in turn, changes the rotational lever arm of the second rotating seat 301, and also alters the reciprocating distance of the first connecting plate 214. A second mounting bracket 306 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the first mounting bracket 202. Two first sliding rods 307 are slidably mounted inside the second mounting bracket 306. Each of the two first sliding rods 307 has a bottom-contact ball 308 fixedly mounted at its end. Springs 309 are sleeved on the surfaces of both first sliding rods 307, and the springs 309 are located inside the second mounting bracket 306. A crossbar 310 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the left first sliding rod 307, extending through to the first mounting bracket 202. The side of the mounting bracket 202 is slidably connected to the first mounting bracket 202. A fourth mounting seat 311 is fixedly mounted on the side of the first mounting bracket 202. Two fourth mounting seats 311 are provided. A second rotating shaft 312 is rotatably mounted inside each of the two fourth mounting seats 311. A second pulley 313 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the second rotating shaft 312. The second pulley 313 is connected to the first pulley 303 via a belt. A first gear 314 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the second rotating shaft 312. A first toothed plate 315 is slidably mounted on the side of the first mounting bracket 202. The first toothed plate 315 meshes with the first gear 314. The bottom of the first toothed plate 315 is fixedly connected to the end of the crossbar 310. The bottom ball 308 is connected to the surface of the optical mirror that needs to be polished. When the curvature of the optical mirror changes, the bottom ball 308 will cause the first sliding rod 307 to move up and down. The up and down movement of the first sliding rod 307 can cause the crossbar 310 to move up and down, which in turn can cause the first toothed plate 315 to move up and down on the side of the first mounting bracket 202. The up and down movement of the first toothed plate 315 can cause the first gear 314 to rotate. The rotation of the first gear 314 can cause the second rotating shaft 312 to rotate. The rotation of the second rotating shaft 312 can drive the connecting shaft 302 to rotate through the first pulley 303 and the second pulley 313. This can change the range of the up and down reciprocating movement of the entire grinding head 208. If the grinding head 208 adopts a fixed range,Over-cutting or under-cutting can easily occur. However, by adjusting the reciprocating amplitude according to the mirror surface curvature, the grinding head 208 can selectively increase the amplitude in high-demand areas and decrease it in low-demand areas. This allows for precise matching of material removal volume with the spatial changes in the surface shape, fundamentally controlling surface shape errors and ensuring the final surface shape meets design requirements. By adjusting the amplitude, the reciprocating range of the grinding head 208 can be adapted to the local curvature of the mirror surface. In high-curvature areas, the amplitude is increased to expand the contact area and reduce local pressure peaks; in flat areas, the amplitude is decreased to concentrate pressure and ensure uniform cutting. This dynamic adaptation makes the contact between the abrasive and the mirror surface more stable, reducing surface defects caused by abnormal contact and laying a good foundation for subsequent polishing processes.

[0045] Reference Figures 1-10This embodiment also proposes that a cooling mechanism 4 is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first mounting bracket 202. The cooling mechanism 4 includes a water tank 401, which is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first mounting bracket 202. Two water tanks 401 are provided, and the two water tanks 401 are respectively filled with cooling water and abrasive suspension. A pressure sensor 402 is provided at the end of the grinding head 208. An electric telescopic rod 403 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first mounting bracket 202. The electric telescopic rod 403 is connected to the pressure sensor 402 through an electrical signal. A regulating valve 404 is fixedly installed at the bottom of the front water tank 401. The water tank 401 contains cooling water. A second gear 405 is fixedly mounted on the surface of the regulating valve 404. A second toothed plate 406 is fixedly mounted on the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod 403, and the second toothed plate 406 meshes with the second gear 405. A third mounting bracket 407 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the first mounting bracket 202. A second sliding rod 408 is slidably mounted inside the third mounting bracket 407. A spray head 409 is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the second sliding rod 408. The spray head 409 is inclined, and its side is fixedly connected to the first sliding rod 307, thus allowing the spray head 409 to... The distance between the nozzle 409 and the optical mirror surface remains constant to ensure consistent impact force on the optical mirror surface. A telescopic hose 410 is fixedly installed on the top of the nozzle 409, connecting it to the water tank 401. When the polishing head 208 polishes the optical mirror, the different curvatures of the optical mirror result in varying polishing pressures, leading to different heat generation. When the pressure sensor 402 detects the pressure of the polishing head 208, it transmits a pressure signal to the electric telescopic rod 403, causing the electric telescopic rod 40... The telescopic end of 3 has a different telescopic length depending on the pressure. The different telescopic lengths of the electric telescopic rod 403 result in different rotation amplitudes of the regulating valve 404. The regulating valve 404 can control the amount of water passing through the telescopic hose 410. In the high-pressure stage, it automatically increases the amount of cooling water to enhance the efficiency of convection heat dissipation, quickly remove concentrated heat, and prevent the local temperature of the mirror surface from exceeding the material's tolerance threshold. In the low-pressure stage, it automatically reduces the amount of cooling water, and the cooling operation can be carried out by the liquid of the abrasive suspension itself, avoiding the residual water film on the mirror surface due to excessive cooling, which would affect the subsequent cutting force transmission.

[0046] Reference Figures 1-10This embodiment also proposes that a clamping mechanism 5 is installed on the top of the support frame 1. The clamping mechanism 5 includes two first electric slide rails 501, which are fixedly installed on the top of the support frame 1. Two first electric slide rails 501 are provided, and two second electric slide rails 502 are slidably installed inside each of the two first electric slide rails 501. A clamping plate 503 is slidably installed inside the second electric slide rails 502. The surface of the clamping plate 503 is provided with three second sliding grooves 504. A clamping block 505 is slidably installed inside the three second sliding grooves 504. A second worm gear 506 is rotatably installed inside the inner cavity of the clamping plate 503. The bottom of the inner cavity of the clamping plate 503 rotates. A second worm gear 507 is movably mounted, and a second worm 506 meshes with the second worm gear 507. A mounting plate 508 is fixedly mounted on the top of the second worm gear 507. A third sliding groove 509 is opened on the surface of the mounting plate 508. A second sliding block 510 is slidably mounted inside the third sliding groove 509. The second sliding block 510 is rotatably connected to the clamping block 505. The operator places the optical mirror to be polished onto the surface of the clamping plate 503, and then rotates the second worm 506. The rotation of the second worm 506 can drive the second worm gear 507 to rotate, which in turn causes the clamping block 505 on the surface of the clamping plate 503 to perform clamping movement, thereby performing clamping operation on the optical mirror.

[0047] Reference Figures 1-10 This embodiment also proposes an optical mirror processing method, applicable to an optical mirror processing device, with the following steps:

[0048] S1: Place the optical mirror to be processed stably on the surface of the clamping plate 503, ensuring that the center of the mirror is roughly aligned with the center of the clamping plate. Rotate the second worm 506 inside the clamping plate. The second worm 506 drives the meshing second worm wheel 507 to rotate, which in turn drives the mounting plate 508 to rotate synchronously. The mounting plate 508 pulls the three clamping blocks 505 along the second sliding groove 504 synchronously towards the center through the second sliding block 510 in the third sliding groove 509, until the clamping blocks 505 are tightly attached to the edge of the mirror, thus completing the workpiece fixation.

[0049] S2: By operating the first electric slide rail 501 and the second electric slide rail 502 at the top of the support frame 1, move the clamping plate 503 and the fixed mirror surface so that the mirror surface to be processed is aligned with the area directly below the grinding head 208. Observe the relative position of the grinding head 208 and the mirror surface, and fine-tune it until the grinding head 208 is aligned with the center of the mirror surface or the initial processing point, ensuring that the bottom of the grinding head 208 and the mirror surface are reserved with a suitable initial distance.

[0050] S3: Start the first motor 209. The first motor 209 drives the first worm gear 204 to rotate, which in turn drives the coaxial first rotating shaft 210 to rotate. The first rotating shaft 210 meshes with the sliding cylinder 207 through the surface tooth block 211, causing the sliding cylinder 207 and the bottom grinding head 208 to rotate at high speed. At the same time, the first worm gear 204 drives the meshing first worm wheel 206 to rotate, which drives the crankshaft 212 to rotate eccentrically. The crankshaft 212 pulls the second connecting plate 216 to swing back and forth through the first rotating seat 213 and the first connecting plate 214. The second connecting plate 216 drives the grooved wheel 217 and the sliding cylinder 207 to move up and down back and forth through the sliding column 219 and the first sliding block 220. The grinding head 208 begins to perform rotational and reciprocating compound grinding on the mirror surface.

[0051] S4: During the polishing process, the bottom ball 308 at the bottom of the second mounting bracket 306 always fits against the mirror surface. As the curvature of the mirror changes, it pushes the first sliding rod 307 to move up and down. The left first sliding rod 307 drives the first toothed plate 315 to slide through the crossbar 310, driving the first gear 314 and the second rotating shaft 312 to rotate. The second rotating shaft 312 drives the connecting shaft 302 to rotate through the second pulley 313 and the belt. The eccentric wheel 304 on the connecting shaft 302 adjusts the eccentric trajectory of the first rotating seat 213 through the third connecting plate 305 and the second rotating seat 301, thereby changing the swing amplitude of the first connecting plate 214 and the second connecting plate 216, so as to realize the reciprocating amplitude of the polishing head 208 dynamically adapts to the curvature of the mirror.

[0052] S5: During polishing, the pressure sensor 402 at the end of the polishing head 208 detects the polishing pressure in real time and transmits a signal to the electric telescopic rod 403. The electric telescopic rod 403 extends and retracts according to the pressure. It drives the second gear 405 and the regulating valve 404 to rotate through the second toothed plate 406, and adjusts the amount of cooling water delivered from the front water tank 401 to the water spray head 409 through the telescopic hose 410. The polishing status is continuously monitored. After the mirror surface is processed to the target surface shape, the first motor 209 and all driving components are turned off, the second worm gear 506 is rotated in the opposite direction to release the clamping block 505, and the processed mirror surface is removed.

[0053] Specifically, the working process or principle of this optical mirror processing equipment is as follows: The operator places the optical mirror to be polished onto the surface of the clamping disk 503, and then rotates the second worm gear 506. The rotation of the second worm gear 506 drives the second worm wheel 507 to rotate, which in turn causes the clamping block 505 on the surface of the clamping disk 503 to clamp the optical mirror. During operation, the first motor 209 is started, which drives the first worm gear 204 to rotate. The rotation of the first worm gear 204 drives the first rotating shaft 210 to rotate. The rotating first rotating shaft 210, under the action of the toothed block 211, drives the sliding cylinder 207 to rotate. The rotating sliding cylinder 207 drives the polishing head 208 to rotate, thus performing rough processing on the optical mirror. The optical mirror is being polished. Driven by the first worm gear 204, the first worm wheel 206 also rotates. The worker positions the polishing head 208 at the center of the circular optical mirror to begin polishing. When the crankshaft 212 rotates, it can drive the first rotating seat 213 to rotate eccentrically. The eccentrically rotating first rotating seat 213 can drive the first connecting plate 214 to rotate. The rotation of the first connecting plate 214 can cause the second connecting plate 216 to swing back and forth, which in turn can cause the grooved wheel 217 to drive the sliding cylinder 207 to move back and forth. The first sliding block 220 will not affect the rotation of the sliding cylinder 207, so the sliding cylinder 207 can move up and down reciprocally while rotating, which in turn can cause the polishing head 208 to move up and down reciprocally while rotating.

[0054] When the first rotating seat 213 rotates eccentrically, it simultaneously drives the second rotating seat 301 to rotate eccentrically. When the connecting shaft 302 rotates, it drives the eccentric wheel 304 to rotate, thereby changing the tilt angle of the third connecting plate 305 and its lever arm. This, in turn, changes the rotational lever arm of the second rotating seat 301, and also alters the reciprocating distance of the first connecting plate 214. The bottom ball 308 contacts the surface of the optical mirror that needs to be polished. When the curvature of the optical mirror changes, the bottom ball 308 drives the first sliding rod 307. When the first sliding rod 307 moves up and down, it can drive the crossbar 310 to move up and down, which in turn can drive the first toothed plate 315 to move up and down on the side of the first mounting bracket 202. The up and down movement of the first toothed plate 315 can drive the first gear 314 to rotate. The rotation of the first gear 314 can drive the second rotating shaft 312 to rotate. The rotation of the second rotating shaft 312 can drive the connecting shaft 302 to rotate through the first pulley 303 and the second pulley 313, thereby changing the amplitude of the up and down reciprocating movement of the entire grinding head 208.

[0055] When the grinding head 208 grinds the optical mirror, the different curvatures of the optical mirror will cause different grinding pressures, which in turn will cause different amounts of heat generated by the grinding head 208. When the pressure sensor 402 detects the pressure of the grinding head 208, it will transmit the pressure signal to the electric telescopic rod 403, so that the extension and retraction length of the electric telescopic rod 403 will be different according to the different pressures. The different extension and retraction lengths of the electric telescopic rod 403 will cause the rotation amplitude of the regulating valve 404 to be different. The rotation of the regulating valve 404 can control the amount of water passing through the telescopic hose 410.

Claims

1. An optical mirror processing device, comprising a support frame (1), characterized in that, A grinding mechanism (2) is mounted on the top of the support frame (1), and the grinding mechanism (2) includes: A grinding frame (201) is fixedly installed on the top of a support frame (1), and a first mounting frame (202) is fixedly installed on the bottom of the grinding frame (201). The first mounting base (203) is fixedly installed on the inner cavity side of the first mounting bracket (202). There are two first mounting bases (203), and a first worm gear (204) is rotatably installed between the two first mounting bases (203). The second mounting base (205) is fixedly installed on the other side of the first mounting bracket (202). There are two second mounting bases (205). The first worm gear (206) is rotatably installed inside the two second mounting bases (205). The first worm gear (206) meshes with the first worm (204). A sliding cylinder (207) is provided at the bottom plate of the first mounting bracket (202). The sliding cylinder (207) penetrates the entire bottom plate of the first mounting bracket (202) and is slidably connected to the first mounting bracket (202). A grinding head (208) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the sliding cylinder (207).

2. The optical mirror processing equipment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first mounting bracket (202) has a first motor (209) at the top of its inner cavity. The output end of the first motor (209) is fixedly connected to the first worm gear (204). The first rotating shaft (210) is fixedly installed on the side of the first worm gear (204). The first rotating shaft (210) passes through the entire first mounting base (203) and is rotatably connected to the first mounting base (203). The surface of the first rotating shaft (210) is provided with a toothed block (211). The first rotating shaft (210) is slidably connected to the sliding cylinder (207). The toothed block (211) meshes with the sliding cylinder (207).

3. The optical mirror processing equipment according to claim 2, characterized in that, A crankshaft (212) is rotatably mounted on the side of each of the two second mounting seats (205). The crankshaft (212) is fixedly connected to the first worm gear (206). A first rotating seat (213) is rotatably mounted on the curved plate of the crankshaft (212). A first connecting plate (214) is rotatably mounted inside the first rotating seat (213). A third mounting seat (215) is fixedly mounted on the inner side of the first mounting bracket (202). There are two third mounting seats (215). A second connecting plate (216) is rotatably mounted on the side of each of the two third mounting seats (215). The second connecting plate (216) is rotatably connected to the first connecting plate (214).

4. The optical mirror processing equipment according to claim 3, characterized in that, The surface of the sliding cylinder (207) is fixedly mounted with a grooved wheel (217). The end of the second connecting plate (216) is provided with a first sliding groove (218). A sliding column (219) is slidably mounted inside the first sliding groove (218). A first sliding block (220) is fixedly mounted on the side of the sliding column (219). The first sliding block (220) is located inside the groove of the grooved wheel (217). An adjustment mechanism (3) is installed inside the first mounting bracket (202). The adjustment mechanism (3) includes a second rotating seat (301). The second rotating seat (301) is fixedly mounted on the side of the first rotating seat (213).

5. The optical mirror processing equipment according to claim 4, characterized in that, A connecting shaft (302) is rotatably mounted on the side of each of the two second mounting seats (205). A first pulley (303) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the connecting shaft (302). An eccentric wheel (304) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the connecting shaft (302). A third connecting plate (305) is rotatably mounted on the surface of the eccentric wheel (304). The other end of the third connecting plate (305) is rotatably connected to the second rotating seat (301).

6. The optical mirror processing equipment according to claim 5, characterized in that, A second mounting bracket (306) is fixedly mounted on the bottom of the first mounting bracket (202). A first sliding rod (307) is slidably mounted inside the second mounting bracket (306). There are two first sliding rods (307). A bottom-touching ball (308) is fixedly mounted on the end of each of the two first sliding rods (307). A spring (309) is sleeved on the surface of each of the two first sliding rods (307). The spring (309) is located inside the second mounting bracket (306). A crossbar (310) is fixedly mounted on the surface of the left first sliding rod (307). The crossbar (310) passes through to the side of the first mounting bracket (202) and is slidably connected to the first mounting bracket (202).

7. The optical mirror processing equipment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The first mounting bracket (202) is fixedly mounted with a fourth mounting seat (311) on its side. There are two fourth mounting seats (311). The two fourth mounting seats (311) are rotatably mounted with a second rotating shaft (312). The surface of the second rotating shaft (312) is fixedly mounted with a second pulley (313). The second pulley (313) is connected to the first pulley (303) by a belt. The surface of the second rotating shaft (312) is fixedly mounted with a first gear (314). The side of the first mounting bracket (202) is slidably mounted with a first toothed plate (315). The first toothed plate (315) meshes with the first gear (314). The bottom of the first toothed plate (315) is fixedly connected to the end of the crossbar (310).

8. The optical mirror processing equipment according to claim 7, characterized in that, A cooling mechanism (4) is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first mounting bracket (202). The cooling mechanism (4) includes a water tank (401). The water tank (401) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first mounting bracket (202). Two water tanks (401) are provided. A pressure sensor (402) is provided at the end of the grinding head (208). An electric telescopic rod (403) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the first mounting bracket (202). The electric telescopic rod (403) is connected to the pressure sensor (402) through an electrical signal. A regulating valve (404) is fixedly installed at the bottom of the front water tank (401). A second... The gear (405) has a second toothed plate (406) fixedly installed at the telescopic end of the electric telescopic rod (403). The second toothed plate (406) meshes with the second gear (405). The bottom of the first mounting bracket (202) has a third mounting bracket (407) fixedly installed. The inside of the third mounting bracket (407) has a second sliding rod (408) slidably installed. The bottom of the second sliding rod (408) has a water spray head (409) fixedly installed. The water spray head (409) is inclined. The top of the water spray head (409) has a telescopic hose (410) fixedly installed. The water spray head (409) is connected to the water tank (401) through the telescopic hose (410).

9. The optical mirror processing equipment according to claim 8, characterized in that, A clamping mechanism (5) is installed on the top of the support frame (1). The clamping mechanism (5) includes a first electric slide rail (501), which is fixedly installed on the top of the support frame (1). Two first electric slide rails (501) are provided. A second electric slide rail (502) is slidably installed inside each of the two first electric slide rails (501). A clamping plate (503) is slidably installed inside the second electric slide rail (502). A second sliding groove (504) is opened on the surface of the clamping plate (503). Three second sliding grooves (504) are provided. 4) A clamping block (505) is slidably installed inside the clamping disk (503). A second worm (506) is rotatably installed inside the inner cavity of the clamping disk (503). A second worm wheel (507) is rotatably installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of the clamping disk (503). The second worm (506) meshes with the second worm wheel (507). An installation disk (508) is fixedly installed on the top of the second worm wheel (507). A third sliding groove (509) is opened on the surface of the installation disk (508). A second sliding block (510) is slidably installed inside the third sliding groove (509). The second sliding block (510) is rotatably connected to the clamping block (505).

10. An optical mirror processing method, applicable to the optical mirror processing equipment described in claim 9, characterized in that, The steps are as follows: S1: Place the optical mirror to be processed stably on the surface of the clamping plate (503), ensuring that the center of the mirror is roughly aligned with the center of the clamping plate. Rotate the second worm (506) inside the clamping plate. The second worm (506) drives the meshing second worm wheel (507) to rotate, which in turn drives the mounting plate (508) to rotate synchronously. The mounting plate (508) pulls the three clamping blocks (505) along the second sliding groove (504) synchronously towards the center through the second sliding block (510) in the third sliding groove (509) until the clamping blocks (505) are tightly attached to the edge of the mirror, thus completing the workpiece fixation. S2: By operating the first electric slide rail (501) and the second electric slide rail (502) on the top of the support frame (1), move the clamping plate (503) and the fixed mirror so that the mirror surface to be processed is aligned with the grinding head (208) directly below. Observe the relative position of the grinding head (208) and the mirror surface, and fine-tune it until the grinding head (208) is aligned with the center of the mirror surface or the initial processing point, so as to ensure that the bottom of the grinding head (208) and the mirror surface are reserved with a suitable initial distance. S3: Start the first motor (209). The first motor (209) drives the first worm (204) to rotate, which in turn drives the coaxial first rotating shaft (210) to rotate. The first rotating shaft (210) meshes with the sliding cylinder (207) through the surface tooth block (211), causing the sliding cylinder (207) and the bottom grinding head (208) to rotate at high speed. At the same time, the first worm (204) drives the meshing first worm wheel (206) to rotate, which drives the crankshaft (212) to rotate eccentrically. The crankshaft (212) pulls the second connecting plate (216) to swing back and forth through the first rotating seat (213) and the first connecting plate (214). The second connecting plate (216) drives the grooved wheel (217) and the sliding cylinder (207) to move up and down back and forth through the sliding column (219) and the first sliding block (220). The grinding head (208) begins to perform rotational and reciprocating compound grinding on the mirror surface. S4: During the polishing process, the bottom ball (308) at the bottom of the second mounting bracket (306) always fits against the mirror surface. As the curvature of the mirror changes, it pushes the first sliding rod (307) to move up and down. The left first sliding rod (307) drives the first toothed plate (315) to slide through the crossbar (310), driving the first gear (314) and the second rotating shaft (312) to rotate. The second rotating shaft (312) drives the connecting shaft (302) to rotate through the second pulley (313) and the belt. The eccentric wheel (304) on the connecting shaft (302) adjusts the eccentric trajectory of the first rotating seat (213) through the third connecting plate (305) and the second rotating seat (301), thereby changing the swing amplitude of the first connecting plate (214) and the second connecting plate (216) to realize the dynamic adaptation of the reciprocating amplitude of the polishing head (208) with the curvature of the mirror. S5: During grinding, the pressure sensor (402) at the end of the grinding head (208) detects the grinding pressure in real time and transmits the signal to the electric telescopic rod (403). The electric telescopic rod (403) extends and retracts according to the pressure. It drives the second gear (405) and the regulating valve (404) to rotate through the second toothed plate (406). It adjusts the amount of cooling water delivered from the front water tank (401) to the water spray head (409) through the telescopic hose (410). It continuously monitors the grinding status. After the mirror surface is processed to the target surface shape, it turns off the first motor (209) and each drive component, rotates the second worm gear (506) in the opposite direction to release the clamping block (505), and removes the processed mirror surface.

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