Fishway inlet structure for luring fish by falling water

Abstract

The invention relates to a fishway inlet structure for luring fish by falling water. The method is suitable for the technical field of fishway engineering. The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide the fishway inlet structure for attracting fish by falling water. According to the technical scheme, the fishway inlet structure comprises a fishway inlet and a fishway outlet, the drop fish luring structures are arranged on the two sides of the fishway inlet and are provided with drop sills, flow expanding plates are arranged on the walls of the drop sills, and water flowing from the drop sills is expanded by the flow expanding plates to form a vertical water curtain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to an inlet structure for a fishway used for attracting fish with a cascading waterfall. It falls within the technical field of fishway engineering. Background Technology

[0002] The construction of dams and other hydropower projects has disrupted fish migration routes. To protect fish's migratory habits, fishways are often constructed to allow them to pass smoothly through the dam for breeding and foraging. The flow velocity in the fishway affects the migration efficiency of fish. Excessive velocity causes fish to expend a lot of energy during migration, potentially preventing them from migrating upstream to the dam. Conversely, insufficient velocity makes it difficult for fish to sense the correct migration direction, causing them to hesitate and remain stationary. Hydropower projects utilize water resources for power generation, water supply, and irrigation, thus requiring adherence to water resource management mechanisms and strict control of the ecological flow discharged through the fishway. The limitations on discharge flow and velocity have resulted in a narrow inlet width for existing fishways. Compared to the entire river channel, the influence of the fishway flow is limited, hindering the guidance of fish to the fishway inlet. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a fish passage inlet structure for attracting fish by cascading water, in response to the above-mentioned problems.

[0004] The technical solution adopted in this invention is: a fish passage inlet structure for attracting fish with a waterfall, comprising: Fishway entrance; A cascading fish-attracting structure is installed on both sides of the fishway inlet. The cascading fish-attracting structure has a sloping bottom and a flow-expanding plate on the wall of the sloping bottom. The water flow falling from the sloping bottom is expanded by the flow-expanding plate to form a vertical water curtain.

[0005] An energy dissipation pool is located upstream of the sloping bank. The energy dissipation pool is connected to the upstream reservoir area of ​​the dam via a water supply steel pipe, which is equipped with valves.

[0006] The bottom of the stilling pool is equipped with a stilling structure that can change the direction of the water flow from upstream and return it to the upstream.

[0007] The energy dissipation structure includes a tail baffle wall arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction. At least one flow stabilizing baffle is provided at the upper end of the tail baffle wall and is perpendicularly connected to the baffle wall. A flow stabilizing cover plate is connected to the upper end of the flow stabilizing baffle plate and is connected to the upper end of the baffle wall.

[0008] The diffuser includes a high diffuser and a low diffuser, and the high diffuser and the low diffuser are alternately distributed in the horizontal direction and arranged in a stepped height difference in the vertical direction.

[0009] The inner end of the diffuser plate is fixedly connected to the drop wall, and the outer end of the diffuser plate is set as a semi-circle.

[0010] The upstream fish passage connects to the upstream reservoir area of ​​the dam via a fish channel, and the fish channel has several fish passage partitions arranged alternately on the left and right sides.

[0011] The fish passageway is equipped with a fish passage entrance gate.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: by arranging cascading fish-attracting structures on both sides of the fishway inlet to release fish-attracting water flow, and by setting a flow-expanding plate at the outlet of the cascading fish-attracting structure, the range of water flow falling into the river surface is expanded, thereby increasing the range of water flow influence and making it easier to guide fish to find the fishway inlet smoothly.

[0013] This invention's cascading fish-attracting structure uses a small-diameter water supply pipe to provide the fish-attracting water flow, which is controlled by valves. The flow can be released at specific times based on fish migration characteristics. To prevent the fish-attracting water from falling rapidly onto the river surface, a highly efficient energy-dissipating structure consisting of a flow-stabilizing cover, a flow-stabilizing baffle, and a tail-end retaining wall is installed at the outlet of the water supply pipe, effectively reducing the energy of the water flow. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the fish passage inlet structure for attracting fish with a waterfall in this invention.

[0015] Figure 2 This is an elevation view of the fish passage inlet structure for attracting fish with a waterfall in this invention.

[0016] Figure 3 This is a typical cross-sectional view of the fish passage inlet in this invention.

[0017] Figure 4 This is a typical cross-sectional view of the fish-attracting structure in this invention.

[0018] Figure 5 This is a typical longitudinal section view of the force dissipation structure of the waterfall-style fish-attracting structure in this invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1—Fishway inlet; 2—Fishway inlet gate; 3—Fishway baffle; 4—Fish-attracting waterfall structure; 5—Valve; 6—Water supply steel pipe; 7—Stress dissipation pool; 8—Flow stabilizing cover plate; 9—Tail retaining wall; 10—Flow stabilizing baffle plate; 11—Fishfall; 12—High flow diffuser plate; 13—Low flow diffuser plate. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To better understand the technical solution of this application, the embodiments of this application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0021] The terminology used in the embodiments of this application is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of this application. The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in the embodiments of this application and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise.

[0022] It should be understood that the term "and / or" used in this article is merely a description of the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B can represent: A existing alone, A and B existing simultaneously, and B existing alone. Additionally, the character " / " in this article generally indicates that the preceding and following related objects have an "or" relationship.

[0023] It should be noted that the directional terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," and "right" described in the embodiments of this application are used to describe the angles shown in the accompanying drawings and should not be construed as limiting the embodiments of this application. Furthermore, in the context, it should be understood that when it is mentioned that an element is connected "upper" or "lower" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower," or indirectly connected to the other element "upper" or "lower" through an intermediate element.

[0024] This embodiment is a fishway inlet structure for attracting fish by cascading water, including: a fishway inlet and cascading fish-attracting structures set on both sides of the fishway inlet, etc.

[0025] In this example, the upstream fish passage connects to the upstream reservoir area of ​​the dam via a fish channel. The fish passage has several fish passage partitions arranged alternately on the left and right sides, and the fish passage also has a fish passage inlet gate.

[0026] In this embodiment, the cascading fish-attracting structure is arranged on both sides of the fishway inlet. The central axis of the cascading fish-attracting structure is about 7-10m away from the fishway inlet axis. The cascading fish-attracting structure can significantly expand the influence range of the fishway inlet water flow to 20-30m.

[0027] In this example, the fish-attracting structure with a drop sill has a stilling pool upstream of the drop sill. The stilling pool is connected to the upstream reservoir area of ​​the dam via a water supply steel pipe (DN500). The water supply steel pipe is equipped with a valve, and the drop sill wall is equipped with a flow diffuser.

[0028] In this embodiment, a stilling pool is equipped with a stilling structure at the bottom. The stilling structure includes a tail baffle wall positioned perpendicular to the water flow direction. A flow-stabilizing baffle is vertically connected to the upper end of the tail baffle wall, and a flow-stabilizing cover is attached to the upper end of the baffle wall. When water flows into the stilling pool from the water supply pipe, the flow-stabilizing baffle divides the flow, diverting and dissipating the energy, thus enhancing the energy dissipation effect. When the fish-attracting flow reaches the tail of the stilling pool, it is affected by the tail baffle wall and the flow-stabilizing cover, causing the flow to flow back upstream and collide with the water flow in the water supply pipe, accelerating energy dissipation. After being dissipated in the stilling pool, the fish-attracting flow flows downstream, diffuses through a sluice gate for further energy dissipation, and then falls towards the lower diffuser plate.

[0029] In this embodiment, the flow diffuser consists of a high flow diffuser and a low flow diffuser. The high and low flow diffusers are arranged in a three-dimensional staggered layout, alternating horizontally and vertically in a stepped height difference arrangement. The ends of the flow diffusers are set as semi-circles. After the fish-attracting water flows through the diffusers, they form a vertical water curtain, falling onto the river surface to create a fish-attracting water flow with a higher velocity at the bottom and a relatively lower velocity at the surface.

[0030] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A fish passage inlet structure for attracting fish with a cascading waterfall, characterized in that, include: Fishway entrance; A cascading fish-attracting structure is installed on both sides of the fishway inlet. The cascading fish-attracting structure has a cascade and a flow-expanding plate on the cascade wall. The water flowing down the cascade is expanded by the flow-expanding plate to form a vertical water curtain.

2. The fish passage inlet structure for cascading fish attraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, An energy dissipation pool is located upstream of the sloping bank. The energy dissipation pool is connected to the upstream reservoir area of ​​the dam via a water supply steel pipe, which is equipped with valves.

3. The fish passage inlet structure for cascading fish attraction according to claim 2, characterized in that, The bottom of the stilling pool is equipped with a stilling structure that can change the direction of the water flow from upstream and return it to the upstream.

4. The fish passage inlet structure for cascading fish attraction according to claim 3, characterized in that, The energy dissipation structure includes a tail baffle wall arranged perpendicular to the water flow direction. At least one flow stabilizing baffle is provided at the upper end of the tail baffle wall and is perpendicularly connected to the baffle wall. A flow stabilizing cover plate is connected to the upper end of the flow stabilizing baffle plate and is connected to the upper end of the baffle wall.

5. The fish passage inlet structure for attracting fish with a cascading waterfall according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diffuser includes a high diffuser and a low diffuser, and the high diffuser and the low diffuser are alternately distributed in the horizontal direction and arranged in a stepped height difference in the vertical direction.

6. The fish passage inlet structure for cascading fish attraction according to claim 1 or 5, characterized in that, The inner end of the diffuser plate is fixedly connected to the drop wall, and the outer end of the diffuser plate is set as a semi-circle.

7. The fish passage inlet structure for cascading fish attraction according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upstream of the fish passage entrance connects to the upstream reservoir area of ​​the dam via a fish passage, and the fish passage has several fish passage partitions arranged alternately on the left and right sides.

8. The fish passage inlet structure for cascading fish attraction according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fish passageway is equipped with a fish passage entrance gate.

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