Chip removal optimization system of self-adjusting fin down-the-hole drill bit

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of geotechnical engineering mechanical equipment, and discloses a chip removal optimization system of a self-adjusting fin down-the-hole drill bit, which comprises a down-the-hole drill bit body, a self-adjusting fin mechanism, a sensor module, a decision module and an adjusting driving module. The sensor module detects parameters such as rock debris amount, rock hardness and drilling resistance in the drilling process and transmits the parameters to the decision-making module, the decision-making module controls the adjusting driving module to drive the self-adjusting fin mechanism to act based on a parameter analysis result, and self-adjustment of the angle, the distance and the extending length of fins is achieved. Based on the arrangement of the self-adjusting fin mechanism, the sensor module, the decision-making module and the adjusting driving module, automatic adjustment can be achieved in real time according to different drilling working conditions, the chip removal efficiency is improved, the hole blocking and drill jamming phenomena are reduced, the service life of a drill bit is prolonged, and the drilling operation efficiency is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of geotechnical engineering machinery and equipment technology, and more specifically, to a chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting blade down-the-hole drill bit. Background Technology

[0002] In mining, geological exploration, and construction projects, down-the-hole (DH) drill bits are key equipment in drilling operations, and their chip removal performance directly affects drilling efficiency, drill bit lifespan, and operational safety. Currently, most DH drill bits have a fixed blade structure, meaning that parameters such as blade angle, spacing, and extension length cannot be adjusted according to actual drilling conditions after manufacturing.

[0003] In actual drilling operations, the drilling environment is complex and variable. Different strata exhibit significant differences in rock hardness and integrity, and the amount of cuttings generated during drilling also varies with working conditions. When encountering conditions with large amounts of cuttings and high rock hardness, the fixed blades may struggle to quickly and effectively remove the cuttings from the borehole, easily leading to borehole blockage. Borehole blockage increases drilling resistance, causing the drill to become stuck. This not only reduces drilling efficiency and increases operating time and costs but also accelerates drill bit wear, potentially damaging the drill bit and severely impacting the continuity and safety of the operation.

[0004] Although some existing technologies attempt to improve the blade structure, such as using detachable blades to replace blades with different parameters, this method requires stopping the machine for replacement, cannot be adjusted in real time during drilling, is difficult to adapt to dynamically changing drilling conditions, and has limited chip removal optimization effect.

[0005] Therefore, developing a chip removal optimization system for down-the-hole drill bits that can automatically adjust the vane parameters in real time according to drilling conditions is of great practical significance. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention proposes a chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting blade down-the-hole drill bit, which aims to solve the technical problems of existing down-the-hole drill bits with fixed blade structures, which cannot be adjusted in real time according to working conditions such as the amount of rock cuttings and rock hardness during the drilling process, resulting in poor chip removal effect, easy blockage and drill jamming, requiring manual replacement, and affecting drilling efficiency and drill bit service life.

[0007] This invention proposes a chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting vane down-the-hole drill bit, comprising: a down-the-hole drill bit body, a self-adjusting vane device, a sensor module, a decision module, and an adjustment drive module. Wherein: The down-the-hole drill bit body includes a drill bit base and drill teeth, wherein the drill teeth are disposed at the end of the drill bit base; The self-adjusting vane device includes multiple vanes and a vane adjustment assembly. The multiple vanes are circumferentially distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the drill bit base. The vane adjustment assembly is connected to the vanes and can adjust the vane angle, spacing and extension length.

[0008] The sensor module includes a cuttings concentration sensor, a rock hardness sensor, and a drilling resistance sensor. The cuttings concentration sensor is disposed on the drill bit body between adjacent blades and is used to detect the concentration of cuttings during operation. The rock hardness sensor is disposed on the drill teeth and is used to detect the hardness of the drilled object. The drilling resistance sensor is disposed at the tail of the drill bit body and is used to detect the resistance during drilling. The decision-making module includes a data processing unit and a control unit. The data processing unit is electrically connected to a cuttings concentration sensor, a rock hardness sensor, and a borehole resistance sensor, respectively, and is used to receive and process the signal data transmitted by the sensors. The rock hardness sensor, in conjunction with the borehole resistance sensor, can determine the type of rock and soil based on hardness, and then analyze the data and transmit it to the control unit. The control unit is electrically connected to the data processing unit and is used to generate control commands based on the processing results of the data processing unit. The adjustment drive module is electrically connected to the control unit and driven by the vane adjustment assembly. It is used to drive the vane adjustment assembly to move according to the control command, thereby adjusting the vane parameters and improving the chip removal efficiency.

[0009] Furthermore, the multiple blades are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface with the central axis of the drill bit body as the center, which avoids the borehole deviation caused by excessive force on one side.

[0010] Furthermore, the drill teeth are located at the end of the drill bit body, and the drill teeth are mostly spherical.

[0011] Furthermore, the blade adjustment assembly includes an angle adjustment component, a spacing adjustment component, and a length adjustment component. The angle adjustment component includes an angle adjustment motor, an angle adjustment gear, and an angle adjustment rack. The angle adjustment motor is located inside the drill bit body. The angle adjustment gear is connected to the output shaft of the angle adjustment motor. The angle adjustment rack is fixedly connected to the blade and meshes with the angle adjustment gear, thereby achieving multi-dimensional control and enhancing the drill bit's adaptability to complex working conditions. The spacing adjustment component includes a spacing adjustment motor, a spacing adjustment lead screw, and a spacing adjustment slider. The spacing adjustment motor is located inside the drill bit body. The spacing adjustment lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the spacing adjustment motor. The spacing adjustment slider is sleeved on the spacing adjustment lead screw and connected to the blade.

[0012] Furthermore, the length adjustment component includes a length adjustment cylinder and a piston rod. The length adjustment cylinder is disposed inside the vane, and one end of the piston rod is connected to the length adjustment cylinder, while the other end extends out of the vane to form an extension section.

[0013] Furthermore, the adjustment drive module includes a motor driver and a cylinder controller. The motor driver is electrically connected to the angle adjustment motor, the spacing adjustment motor, and the control unit, respectively, and is used to drive the angle adjustment motor and the spacing adjustment motor to perform actions. The cylinder controller is electrically connected to the length adjustment cylinder and the control unit, respectively, and is used to control the extension and retraction of the length adjustment cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the data processing unit includes a signal amplifier, an A / D converter, and a microprocessor. The signal amplifier is electrically connected to the cuttings concentration sensor, the rock hardness sensor, and the borehole resistance sensor, respectively, and is used to amplify the output signals. The A / D converter is electrically connected to the signal amplifier and is used to convert analog signals into digital signals. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the A / D converter and is used to analyze and process the digital signals.

[0015] Furthermore, the power supply module is electrically connected to the sensor module, the decision module, and the regulation and drive module, respectively, to provide power to each module.

[0016] Furthermore, the surface of the wing is provided with a wear-resistant coating, which is a tungsten carbide coating, to improve the toughness of the wing and extend its service life.

[0017] Furthermore, the decision-making module also includes a wireless communication unit, which is electrically connected to the microprocessor and is used to realize data transmission between the decision-making module and external devices.

[0018] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: This invention is based on a self-adjusting blade mechanism, coupled with a sensor module to monitor drilling parameters such as cuttings concentration, rock hardness, and drilling resistance in real time. A decision module analyzes the monitored data and, based on the results, drives the blade adjustment assembly via an adjustment drive module. This enables real-time self-adjustment of the blade angle, spacing, and extension length, thereby optimizing the chip removal channel, improving chip removal efficiency, and effectively reducing hole blockage and drill bit jamming. The blade adjustment assembly uses angle adjustment, spacing adjustment, and length adjustment components to adjust the blade angle, spacing, and extension length respectively, offering diverse and precise adjustment methods to adapt to different drilling conditions and further enhance chip removal performance. A complete range of sensor modules comprehensively detects key parameters affecting chip removal, providing accurate data for blade adjustment and ensuring its rationality and effectiveness. A tungsten carbide wear-resistant coating on the blade surface improves wear resistance, extends blade life, and reduces equipment maintenance costs. The control system includes a wireless communication unit that transmits drilling parameters and blade adjustment information to external devices in real time, facilitating remote monitoring and management by operators and improving the level of operational intelligence. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Various other advantages and benefits will become apparent to those skilled in the art upon reading the following detailed description of preferred embodiments. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the invention. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same parts throughout the drawings. In the drawings: Figure 1 This is a functional block diagram of a chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting vane down-the-hole drill bit provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating a chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting vane down-the-hole drill bit, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure will now be described in more detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. While exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure are shown in the drawings, it should be understood that the present disclosure may be implemented in various forms and should not be limited to the embodiments set forth herein. Rather, these embodiments are provided to enable a more thorough understanding of the present disclosure and to fully convey the scope of the disclosure to those skilled in the art. It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, embodiments and features in the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other. The present invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0021] like Figure 1-2As shown in some embodiments of this application, this embodiment provides a chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting vane down-the-hole drill bit, including: a down-the-hole drill bit body, a self-adjusting vane device, a sensor module, a decision module, and an adjustment drive module.

[0022] Specifically, the down-the-hole drill bit body is configured with a drill bit base and drill teeth, the drill teeth being disposed at the end of the drill bit base; the self-adjusting vane device is configured with multiple vanes and vane adjustment components, the multiple vanes being circumferentially distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the drill bit base, the vane adjustment components being welded to the vanes; the sensor module is configured with a cuttings concentration sensor, a rock hardness sensor, and a borehole resistance sensor, the cuttings concentration sensor being disposed on the drill bit base between adjacent vanes; the rock hardness sensor being disposed on the drill teeth; the borehole resistance sensor being disposed at the tail end of the drill bit base; the decision module includes a data processing unit and a control unit, the data processing unit being electrically connected to the cuttings concentration sensor, the rock hardness sensor, and the borehole resistance sensor respectively; the control unit being electrically connected to the data processing unit; Understandably, in this technical solution, the drill bit body achieves basic drilling based on the end teeth, and multiple circumferentially distributed blades on the outer wall, combined with adjustment components welded to the blades, form a self-adjusting blade device. The sensor module is precisely positioned—a cuttings concentration sensor is installed on the drill bit body between adjacent blades, a rock hardness sensor is installed on the drill teeth, and a drilling resistance sensor is installed at the tail of the drill bit body. This allows for precise detection of various parameters. Each sensor is electrically connected to the data processing unit of the decision module, and the processed data is then used by the control unit to activate the blade adjustment components. This solution utilizes sensors to perceive geological parameters in real time, and the decision module dynamically adjusts the blades. It can adapt to complex geological conditions to achieve adaptive adjustment of borehole diameter and stability, and improve drilling efficiency and reduce drill bit wear based on accurate data feedback, thus achieving intelligent and efficient operation.

[0023] Specifically, the multiple blades are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface with the central axis of the drill bit body as the center.

[0024] Understandably, multiple blades are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface of the drill bit base with the central axis as the center. Specifically, a modular layout of 3-6 blades is adopted. The root of the blade is rigidly connected to the outer surface of the base through high-strength alloy welding, and each blade has an independent pre-reserved cavity for installing adjustment components. This distribution design ensures balanced force on each blade when the drill bit rotates through geometric symmetry. When the drill bit rotates around the central axis, the symmetrically distributed blades can simultaneously apply support force from multiple directions around the borehole wall, avoiding borehole deviation caused by excessive force on one side. At the same time, the symmetrical gaps form a uniformly distributed annular cuttings discharge channel. Combined with the symmetrical layout of the cuttings concentration sensor, the cuttings accumulation status of the entire borehole wall can be monitored in real time, avoiding local blockage. More importantly, the circumferential distribution allows the adjustment action of each blade to form a synergistic effect. In soft strata, the symmetrical extension of multiple blades can enhance the circumferential support force of the borehole wall, while in hard rock strata, the symmetrical contraction reduces frictional resistance, significantly improving the drill bit's adaptability to complex geological conditions, extending equipment service life, and ensuring drilling accuracy.

[0025] Specifically, the drill teeth are located at the end of the drill bit body, and the drill teeth are mostly spherical.

[0026] It is understood that the drill teeth are made of cemented carbide spherical structure and are fixed in the preset mounting hole at the end of the drill bit base by inlay installation. The bottom of the mounting hole is equipped with an elastic buffer component to offset the impact load, and the hole wall and the root of the drill teeth are interference fit to ensure the connection strength. The drill teeth are distributed in multiple concentric circles along the end of the base with the central axis as the center. The inner circle of drill teeth is close to the rotation center, and the outer circle of drill teeth is distributed at the end edge. The adjacent concentric circles of drill teeth are staggered and the spacing is 1.2-1.5 times the diameter of the drill teeth, forming a fully covered crushing area. The spherical tooth surface is mirror polished, which can not only achieve multi-angle rock crushing through the spherical curvature, but also reduce the probability of rock cuttings adhesion. At the same time, the drill teeth have reserved sensor mounting slots. The built-in rock hardness sensor can directly sense the rock hardness through contact with the spherical tooth surface, providing real-time data support for blade adjustment. The overall structure takes into account crushing efficiency, wear resistance and sensing accuracy.

[0027] As can be seen, the drill teeth, mostly spherical in shape and located at the end of the drill bit body, offer several practical benefits: the spherical tooth surface, through curved contact with the rock strata, can evenly distribute the impact load over a larger contact area, significantly reducing local wear. Combined with the cemented carbide material, this extends the service life of a single tooth by more than 50%. The spherical drill teeth, with their concentrated layout and multi-layered staggered distribution at the end, can achieve seamless crushing across the entire borehole cross-section, avoiding the local residual rock fragments caused by traditional linear cutting, thus improving borehole flatness by 30%. At the same time, the spherical curvature design reduces the probability of rock cuttings adhesion, and combined with the end-mounted slag discharge channel, it can quickly discharge broken rock, reducing the risk of stuck drill bit. Furthermore, the spherical structure can adapt to different angles of rock contact during rotational operation. Especially in heterogeneous rock strata, the force direction can be adjusted through spherical sliding, reducing tooth fracture caused by sudden changes in rock hardness. Combined with the end-mounted elastic buffer component, this further reduces impact damage, ensuring continuous and efficient operation of the drill teeth. It also provides a stable front-end crushing foundation for the vane adjustment system, indirectly improving the overall equipment's adaptability and operational economy.

[0028] Specifically, the blade adjustment assembly includes an angle adjustment component, a spacing adjustment component, and a length adjustment component. The angle adjustment component includes an angle adjustment motor, an angle adjustment gear, and an angle adjustment rack. The angle adjustment motor is disposed inside the drill bit body. The angle adjustment gear is connected to the output shaft of the angle adjustment motor. The angle adjustment rack is fixedly connected to the blade and meshes with the angle adjustment gear. The spacing adjustment component includes a spacing adjustment motor, a spacing adjustment lead screw, and a spacing adjustment slider. The spacing adjustment motor is located inside the drill bit body. The spacing adjustment lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the spacing adjustment motor. The spacing adjustment slider is sleeved on the spacing adjustment lead screw and connected to the blade.

[0029] It is understandable that the blade adjustment assembly achieves precise control of blade attitude and distribution through the coordinated design of the angle adjustment component and the spacing adjustment component: the angle adjustment component adopts a gear and rack transmission structure, with the angle adjustment motor built into the sealed cavity of the drill bit base. Its output shaft is rigidly connected to the angle adjustment gear through a coupling, and precisely meshes with the angle adjustment rack fixed at the root of the blade, enabling stepless angle adjustment of the blade within a radial range of ±30°; the spacing adjustment component adopts a screw and slider transmission system, with the spacing adjustment motor also built into the base. Its output shaft directly drives the spacing adjustment screw to rotate, and the spacing adjustment slider sleeved on the screw is connected to the back of the blade through high-strength bolts, enabling the blade to achieve stepless spacing adjustment of 5-50mm along the axial direction of the base. Both can receive instructions from the decision module by adjusting the motor driver of the drive module, and can act independently or in concert. For example, in hard rock formations, the blade spacing can be reduced and the tilt angle can be increased to enhance rock breaking force, while in soft formations, the spacing can be increased and the angle can be reduced to expand the support range. This forms a multi-dimensional adaptation mechanism, which significantly improves the drill bit's adaptability to complex working conditions such as different rock types, borehole stability, and drilling resistance.

[0030] As can be seen, the coordinated design of the angle adjustment component and the spacing adjustment component in this blade adjustment assembly brings significant practical value: the gear and rack transmission angle adjustment structure enables precise control of the blade tilt angle, dynamically adjusting the cutting posture according to the rock hardness—increasing the angle in hard rock formations to enhance rock-breaking impact force, and decreasing the angle in soft rock formations to expand the support area and stabilize the borehole wall; the screw-slider transmission spacing adjustment structure precisely changes the blade distribution density, increasing the spacing in loose formations to avoid rock cuttings clogging, and decreasing the spacing in dense rock formations to form a synergistic rock-breaking force, reducing the stress load on a single blade. The combination of these two components achieves multi-dimensional adaptation of blade posture and distribution, reducing the risk of stuck drill and hole deviation caused by sudden changes in working conditions, reducing blade wear through balanced force, and improving drilling efficiency, significantly enhancing the reliability and economy of the drill bit under different rock types, hole depths, and stability requirements.

[0031] Specifically, the length adjustment component is equipped with a length adjustment cylinder and a piston rod. The length adjustment cylinder is located inside the vane, and one end of the piston rod is connected to the length adjustment cylinder, while the other end extends out of the vane to form an extension section.

[0032] As can be seen, this length adjustment component uses a length adjustment cylinder inside the blade as its power core. One end of the piston rod is connected to the cylinder, and the other end extends out of the blade to form a retractable extension section. The piston rod's extension length is precisely controlled by the cylinder drive. During operation, it works in conjunction with the angle and spacing adjustment components. Under the guidance of parameters such as rock hardness and drilling resistance fed back by sensors, the decision module dynamically adjusts the blade extension length. This structure can adapt to different borehole diameter requirements by changing the extension section length. In complex geological conditions, it can also enhance the blade's support for the borehole wall through flexible adjustment, reducing the risk of borehole wall collapse. At the same time, combined with angle and spacing adjustments, it achieves multi-dimensional blade adaptation, significantly improving the drill bit's operational stability and geological adaptability, and reducing equipment wear.

[0033] Specifically, the adjustment drive module includes a motor driver and a hydraulic cylinder controller. The motor driver is electrically connected to the angle adjustment motor, the spacing adjustment motor, and the control unit, respectively. The hydraulic cylinder controller is electrically connected to the length adjustment cylinder and the control unit, respectively.

[0034] Understandably, this adjustment drive module constructs a dual-path drive control system based on a motor driver and a cylinder controller. The motor driver is electrically connected to the angle adjustment motor, the spacing adjustment motor, and the control unit, respectively. It can accurately receive commands from the control unit to achieve real-time control of motor speed and direction, driving the gear rack and pinion, and the lead screw slider mechanism to complete the fine adjustment of the vane angle and spacing. The cylinder controller connects the length adjustment cylinder and the control unit, precisely controlling the piston rod extension speed and stroke through hydraulic signals to collaboratively adjust the vane extension length. This structure, through the coordinated linkage of motor drive and hydraulic control, ensures both the mechanical transmission accuracy of angle and spacing adjustment and the hydraulic stability of length adjustment. Under the unified scheduling of the control unit, it achieves synchronous response of multi-dimensional parameters of the vane, significantly improving the timeliness and accuracy of adjustment, effectively adapting to the dynamic operation requirements under complex geological conditions, reducing drill bit wear caused by adjustment lag, and further enhancing drilling stability and operational efficiency.

[0035] Specifically, the data processing unit includes a signal amplifier, an A / D converter, and a microprocessor. The signal amplifier is electrically connected to the cuttings concentration sensor, the rock hardness sensor, and the borehole resistance sensor, respectively. The A / D converter is electrically connected to the signal amplifier, and the microprocessor is electrically connected to the A / D converter.

[0036] Understandably, this data processing unit constructs a complete data processing link based on a signal amplifier, an A / D converter, and a microprocessor. The signal amplifier precisely connects to sensors for cuttings concentration, rock hardness, and borehole resistance, filtering and amplifying the weak geological signals collected by the sensors to eliminate interference. The amplified analog signal is converted into a digital signal by the A / D converter and transmitted to the microprocessor. The microprocessor uses built-in algorithms to perform real-time analysis and feature extraction of the data, generating vane adjustment parameters and feeding them back to the control unit. This structure ensures the accuracy and integrity of the raw data through signal amplification and analog-to-digital conversion, while leveraging the microprocessor's rapid computing power to achieve real-time analysis of geological parameters. This provides precise data support for vane adjustment, effectively improving the response speed and control accuracy of the decision-making module, ensuring the drill bit maintains optimal operating conditions under complex geological conditions.

[0037] Specifically, the power supply module is electrically connected to the sensor module, the decision module, and the regulation and drive module, respectively.

[0038] Understandably, this power module is designed with optimized circuitry to meet the differentiated power supply needs of the sensor module, decision module, and regulation drive module. It incorporates a built-in voltage regulator and overload protection components to provide stable, low-power power to sensors such as those for rock cuttings concentration and rock hardness, ensuring data acquisition accuracy. It also provides continuous, high-efficiency power to the microprocessor and control unit of the decision module to support computation, and supplies power to the motor driver and cylinder controller of the regulation drive module with appropriately matched power. This structure is based on precise power supply matching to the operating characteristics of each module, avoiding sensor data distortion or drive component jamming caused by voltage fluctuations. Furthermore, it utilizes protection mechanisms to prevent overload damage to the circuits, ensuring a stable and reliable power supply for the entire system. This fundamentally guarantees continuous and efficient equipment operation, reduces the risk of downtime due to power supply failures, and extends the overall equipment lifespan.

[0039] Specifically, the surface of the wing is provided with a wear-resistant coating, which is a tungsten carbide coating.

[0040] Understandably, the wing surface employs a high-temperature spraying process to prepare a tungsten carbide wear-resistant coating. Leveraging the high hardness, high wear resistance, and excellent adhesion of tungsten carbide, a protective layer is formed in key stress areas where the wing rubs against rock cuttings and contacts the borehole wall. This coating effectively resists the erosion and wear from hard rock particles in complex geological conditions, as well as the frictional wear of the borehole wall. Especially during dynamic adjustments of the wing angle, spacing, and length, it maintains the structural integrity of the wing surface, preventing a decrease in adjustment accuracy due to localized wear. This design significantly enhances the wing's wear resistance, extends its service life, reduces downtime and maintenance costs associated with frequent wing replacements, and ensures the structural stability of the wing during long-term operation. It also ensures the continuous and reliable operation of the self-adjusting function, enhancing the equipment's durability and operational efficiency in high-wear environments.

[0041] Specifically, the decision-making module further includes a wireless communication unit, which is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

[0042] Understandably, the newly added wireless communication unit in this decision-making module is electrically connected to the microprocessor. This allows for the encrypted transmission of real-time geological data processed by the microprocessor, such as cuttings concentration, rock hardness, and drilling resistance, as well as information on vane adjustment parameters and equipment operating status, to the remote monitoring platform. Simultaneously, it receives remote control commands from the platform. This design breaks the limitations of traditional local operation of drilling equipment, enabling remote real-time monitoring and storage of construction data. This allows management personnel in the control room to monitor operational dynamics and intervene in abnormal conditions promptly. Furthermore, it allows for the accumulation of long-term data to form a geological database, providing parameter references for subsequent similar projects. Simultaneously, it supports information exchange during multi-device collaborative operations, optimizing overall construction scheduling, reducing on-site personnel requirements, improving operational safety and management efficiency, and driving the upgrade of drilling operations towards intelligent remote control.

[0043] In the above embodiment, the drill teeth at the end of the drill bit body cut into the rock strata to achieve basic drilling operations, and the outer fins contact the borehole wall to form support during the drilling process. Simultaneously, the sensor module is activated in real time: a rock cuttings concentration sensor between adjacent fins monitors the rock cuttings accumulation state in the borehole, a rock hardness sensor on the drill teeth senses the hardness of the rock strata, and a drilling resistance sensor at the tail of the drill bit body captures changes in operating resistance. These three types of data are filtered and amplified by a signal amplifier, converted to digital by an A / D converter, and then transmitted to the microprocessor. The microprocessor analyzes the data characteristics based on its built-in algorithm, determines the current geological conditions and drilling status, generates fin adjustment commands, and sends them to the control unit. The control unit, in conjunction with the adjustment drive module, drives the angle adjustment motor and the spacing adjustment motor to adjust the fin angle and spacing respectively, and the cylinder controller drives the length adjustment cylinder's extension piston rod to change the fin extension length, achieving dynamic adaptation of the fin attitude, distribution, and range of action. A tungsten carbide wear-resistant coating on the fin surface resists wear, the power module provides stable power to the entire system, and the wireless communication unit transmits real-time data and operating status to a remote platform and receives control commands. Through a closed-loop process of "real-time perception - data analysis - precise control", the drill bit can adapt to complex geological conditions, ensuring drilling efficiency and stability.

[0044] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of this application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program goods. Therefore, this application can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Furthermore, this application can take the form of a computer program goods embodied on one or more computer-usable storage media (including, but not limited to, disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0045] This application is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program goods according to embodiments of this application. It will be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart... Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0046] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0047] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0048] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and not to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications or equivalent substitutions can still be made to the specific implementation of the present invention. Any modifications or equivalent substitutions that do not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting vane down-the-hole drill bit, characterized in that, include: The down-the-hole drill bit body, self-adjusting vane device, sensor module, decision module, adjustment drive module, and battery module, wherein: The down-the-hole drill bit body includes a drill bit base and drill teeth, wherein the drill teeth are disposed at the end of the drill bit base; The self-adjusting vane device includes multiple vanes and a vane adjustment assembly. The multiple vanes are circumferentially distributed on the outer peripheral wall of the drill bit base, and the vane adjustment assembly is connected to the vanes. The sensor module includes a cuttings concentration sensor, a rock hardness sensor, and a borehole resistance sensor. The cuttings concentration sensor is disposed on the drill bit body between adjacent blades; the rock hardness sensor is disposed on the drill teeth; and the borehole resistance sensor is disposed at the tail of the drill bit body. The decision-making module includes a data processing unit and a control unit. The data processing unit is electrically connected to the cuttings concentration sensor, the rock hardness sensor, and the borehole resistance sensor, respectively. The control unit is electrically connected to the data processing unit. The adjustment drive module is electrically connected to the control unit and is also driven by the vane adjustment assembly.

2. The chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting blade down-the-hole drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multiple blades are circumferentially distributed on the outer surface with the central axis of the drill bit body as the center.

3. The chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting bladed down-the-hole drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drill teeth are located at the end of the drill bit body, and most of the drill teeth are spherical.

4. The chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting blade down-the-hole drill bit according to claim 1, wherein the blade adjustment assembly includes an angle adjustment component, a spacing adjustment component, and a length adjustment component, the angle adjustment component includes an angle adjustment motor, an angle adjustment gear, and an angle adjustment rack, the angle adjustment motor is disposed inside the drill bit body, the angle adjustment gear is connected to the output shaft of the angle adjustment motor, and the angle adjustment rack is fixedly connected to the blade and meshes with the angle adjustment gear; The spacing adjustment component includes a spacing adjustment motor, a spacing adjustment lead screw, and a spacing adjustment slider. The spacing adjustment motor is located inside the drill bit body. The spacing adjustment lead screw is connected to the output shaft of the spacing adjustment motor. The spacing adjustment slider is sleeved on the spacing adjustment lead screw and connected to the blade.

5. The chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting blade down-the-hole drill bit according to claim 4, characterized in that, The length adjustment component includes a length adjustment cylinder and a piston rod. The length adjustment cylinder is disposed inside the vane. One end of the piston rod is connected to the length adjustment cylinder, and the other end extends out of the vane to form an extension section.

6. The chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting vane down-the-hole drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The adjustment drive module includes a motor driver and a hydraulic cylinder controller. The motor driver is electrically connected to the angle adjustment motor, the spacing adjustment motor, and the control unit, respectively. The hydraulic cylinder controller is electrically connected to the length adjustment cylinder and the control unit, respectively.

7. The chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting blade down-the-hole drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The data processing unit includes a signal amplifier, an A / D converter, and a microprocessor. The signal amplifier is electrically connected to the cuttings concentration sensor, the rock hardness sensor, and the borehole resistance sensor, respectively. The A / D converter is electrically connected to the signal amplifier. The microprocessor is electrically connected to the A / D converter.

8. The chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting vane down-the-hole drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a power supply module, which is electrically connected to the sensor module, the decision module, and the regulation and drive module, respectively.

9. The chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting blade down-the-hole drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the wing is provided with a wear-resistant coating, which is a tungsten carbide coating.

10. The chip removal optimization system for a self-adjusting bladed down-the-hole drill bit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The decision-making module also includes a wireless communication unit, which is electrically connected to the microprocessor.

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