Weak surrounding rock highway tunnel supporting structure

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of tunnel supporting, and particularly relates to a weak surrounding rock highway tunnel supporting structure. Under the combined action of the bottom supporting assembly and the top supporting assembly, a good supporting effect is achieved on the weak surrounding rock highway tunnel. The top supporting assembly adopts the unique ring arc reinforcing beam design, and the design can be well attached to the shape of a tunnel and provide high supporting force. The top of the ring-arc reinforcing beam is welded with the ring protection reinforcing plate made of alloy steel materials, the ring protection reinforcing plate can bear large load and deformation, and the overall supporting capacity of the ring-arc reinforcing beam is improved. Meanwhile, a plurality of groups of reinforcing wing plates are additionally arranged in the annular arc reinforcing beam, so that the supporting strength and the overall effect of the annular arc reinforcing beam are improved. The bottom ends of the reinforcing wing plates are connected through the supporting cross beam, so that the transverse supporting force is enhanced. Through cooperative use of the top supporting assembly and the bottom supporting assembly, effective supporting of the weak surrounding rock highway tunnel is achieved, and supporting compensation can be achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of tunnel support technology, specifically relating to a support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock. Background Technology

[0002] Designing and constructing tunnels in weak surrounding rock is a relatively difficult task in highway tunnel construction. Because these tunnels are characterized by poor self-stability and a tendency to collapse, high demands are placed on the support system. The support structure of tunnels in weak surrounding rock not only affects safety during construction but also directly impacts the long-term stability and safety of the tunnel. (Search results:)

[0003] Chinese patent document CN114738012B discloses a support structure for tunnels in weak surrounding rock. This support structure consists of an outer plate and an inner plate, which are fixedly connected by a connecting plate. Support piles are symmetrically installed at the bottom of the inner plate, and each support pile is equipped with a reinforcement mechanism. The reinforcement mechanism includes a first connecting seat, with a groove on the support pile and a protrusion that mates with the groove fixed on the first connecting seat. A base rod is also installed on the first connecting seat, with a connecting assembly fixedly connected to one end of the base rod. The connecting assembly is rotatably connected to a rotating rod, and a second connecting seat is installed at the end of the rotating rod. Furthermore, both the first and second connecting seats are riveted to other components. This reinforcement mechanism can be adjusted appropriately according to different terrain conditions and construction requirements. First, the position of the first connecting seat is adjusted by sliding to determine the point of action of the entire reinforcement system, and then a suitable support angle is found by rotating the rotating rod. However, this prior art, in use, achieves tunnel support through the combination of an arc-shaped outer and inner plate and an external reinforcement mechanism. Because this support method is fixed and unchanging, although it is effective, its effect is not ideal when facing weak surrounding rock that is "easy to deform and difficult to converge." Since the surrounding rock undergoes significant displacement and deformation after excavation, a fixed support structure often cannot adequately compensate for these changes, leading to uneven stress distribution. This can cause localized damage or even overall instability, thus diminishing the support's effectiveness. Therefore, this design has room for improvement.

[0004] Chinese patent document CN210714711U discloses a support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, employing a combination of upper and lower supports. The lower end of the upper support is fixed to the lower support with bolts. Both upper and lower supports have wire mesh installed on their outer walls, and a first layer of concrete is sprayed over the wire mesh. Threaded holes are provided on the inner wall of the upper support for inserting anchor bolts, which are also fitted with anti-detachment structures. Simultaneously, a second layer of concrete is sprayed onto the inner walls of both the upper and lower supports, and the two upper supports are connected by a connecting device. This design reduces the risk of accidents, improves construction efficiency, and enhances the stability between the support structure and the surrounding rock of the tunnel. However, this technology also has certain shortcomings in practical applications. While the combination of upper and lower supports does provide support, the overall load-bearing capacity remains limited, and the lack of further internal reinforcement measures results in less than ideal stability of the support system. Especially when the upper support is subjected to significant pressure or deformation from the rock mass above, if its bearing capacity is insufficient, it cannot effectively resist this external pressure, leading to collapse or deformation of the tunnel roof. Furthermore, due to the lack of internal reinforcement, uneven stress can easily cause structural damage, affecting the overall stability and integrity of the support system.

[0005] In view of this, the inventors hope to design a new support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the problem that existing support structures for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock lack support compensation settings, resulting in mediocre overall support effects, and to provide a support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned technical objectives and effects, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution:

[0008] This invention provides a support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, including a top support component and a bottom support component;

[0009] The top support assembly includes an annular reinforced beam with a hollow semi-circular cross-section. Several supporting crossbeams are installed side by side at the center of the inner side of the bottom surface of the annular reinforced beam. Several annular reinforced plates are welded side by side to the outer side of the arc surface of the annular reinforced beam. Several reinforced wing plates are connected between the outer side of the supporting crossbeam and the inner side of the annular reinforced beam or the corresponding annular reinforced plate.

[0010] The bottom support assembly includes a main support frame, which consists of two sets and is symmetrically installed at both ends of the lower side of the annular reinforcing beam. Each main support frame is equipped with a compensation support mechanism.

[0011] Furthermore, in the aforementioned support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, the supporting beams are hollow, and the length of the supporting beams matches the width of the reinforcing rim plate; a central support column is inserted and installed inside each of the supporting beams.

[0012] Furthermore, in the aforementioned support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, the reinforcing wing plates are symmetrically arranged around the longitudinal axis of the annular reinforcing beam, and multiple rectangular slots are uniformly opened on the reinforcing wing plates.

[0013] Furthermore, in the above-mentioned support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, reinforcing connecting plates are uniformly connected between the reinforcing flanges on both sides inside the annular reinforced beam, and the longitudinal section of the connecting plates is L-shaped.

[0014] Furthermore, in the aforementioned support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, the top of the main support frame is provided with a support plate for connecting with the annular reinforcing beam.

[0015] Furthermore, in the aforementioned support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, the compensation support mechanism includes a dynamic control plate installed on one side of the main support frame. The dynamic control plate is rotatably connected to the cylinder body of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder and the hinged adjustment frame via movable connectors. The movable end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder is rotatably connected to a movable seat. The hinged adjustment frame is connected to a longitudinal movable guide frame. A tilting arm is installed on the longitudinal movable guide frame. The movable seat is connected to the tilting arm. A connecting frame is movably connected to the top of the tilting arm. An arc-shaped support compensation plate is installed at the top of the connecting frame.

[0016] Furthermore, in the aforementioned support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, movable grooves are designed on both sides of the top plate of the annular reinforced beam and the sides of the annular reinforced plate.

[0017] Furthermore, in the aforementioned support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, the connecting frame extends into the interior of the adjacent movable groove and can perform up-and-down flipping movements within the movable groove.

[0018] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0019] 1. The support structure for this highway tunnel in weak surrounding rock effectively supports the tunnel and provides support compensation through the combined use of top and bottom support components, thus enhancing the support effect. The combined action of the bottom and top support components creates a good support effect for the tunnel in weak surrounding rock. The top support component adopts a unique annular reinforced beam design, which conforms well to the shape of the tunnel and provides strong support. An alloy steel reinforced plate is welded to the top of the annular reinforced beam, which can withstand relatively large loads and deformations, improving the overall support capacity of the annular reinforced beam. Simultaneously, multiple sets of reinforced wing plates are added inside the annular reinforced beam to enhance its support strength and overall effect. The bottom ends of these reinforced wing plates are connected by support beams, thereby enhancing the lateral support force. When multiple support structures are used together, the positions of the support beams correspond to each other. By inserting a central support column inside the support beams, the connection can be further strengthened, improving the overall structural strength. These supporting beams and central support columns are made of high-strength, corrosion-resistant steel, which can withstand the complex stresses and deformations inside the tunnel, ensuring the stability and safety of the top support structure and further enhancing the overall stability of the multiple support structures.

[0020] 2. Reinforcing connecting plates are also evenly installed between multiple sets of reinforcing flanges, thereby enhancing the connection between these connecting plates and optimizing the overall stress distribution. This allows the stress to be evenly distributed in the cross section of the annular reinforced beam, which not only improves the durability of the beam but also reduces the risk of damage caused by excessive local stress. It also reduces the degree of deformation of the structure when subjected to external forces, so that the annular reinforced beam can still maintain good shape and dimensional stability even when subjected to large loads or complex stress environments.

[0021] 3. The telescopic hydraulic cylinder has good telescopic performance and can be adjusted according to the actual tunnel shape and geological conditions at the construction site. One end of the hydraulic cylinder is connected to the connecting frame via a movable seat. The telescopic movement of the hydraulic cylinder can drive the tilting arm to tilt. The other end of the tilting arm is connected to the arc-shaped support compensation plate via the connecting frame. When the hydraulic cylinder telescopically extends or retracts, the tilting arm tilts accordingly, thereby driving the arc-shaped support compensation plate to tilt up and down. In this way, the arc-shaped support compensation plate can flexibly adapt to changes in the tunnel wall surface, ensuring a tight fit to the tunnel wall. The arc-shaped support compensation plate is made of high-strength, high-toughness alloy steel, which has good deformation resistance and wear resistance. Its shape conforms to the tunnel wall surface, allowing it to fit well against the inner wall of the tunnel, providing additional support and achieving the effect of support compensation. This tight fit not only enhances the overall support effect but also effectively prevents further deformation and damage to the tunnel wall surface.

[0022] Of course, any product implementing this invention does not necessarily need to achieve all of the above advantages at the same time. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the overall usage state of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of one angle of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention from another angle;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the compensation support mechanism in this invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the arc-shaped support compensation plate in this invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the main structure of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the ring-arc reinforced beam in this invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the annular arc-reinforced beam in this invention;

[0032] In the attached diagram, the component numbers are as follows:

[0033] 1-Circular arc-reinforced beam, 2-Reinforced wing plate, 3-Supporting crossbeam, 301-Central support column, 4-Supporting main frame, 401-Bearing plate, 5-Compensation support mechanism, 501-Dynamic control plate, 502-Telescopic hydraulic cylinder, 503-Hinged adjustment frame, 504-Longitudinal movable guide frame, 505-Tilting arm, 506-Connecting frame, 507-Arc-shaped support compensation plate, 508-Movable seat, 6-Reinforced connecting plate, 7-Circular reinforcement plate, 8-Movable groove. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] To address the shortcomings of existing support structures for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, which exhibit unsatisfactory support effects and limited support capacity, this embodiment proposes an improved technical solution. This solution is a support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, primarily composed of a top support component and a bottom support component. The top support component utilizes a component called a ring-arc reinforcing beam 1. This ring-arc reinforcing beam 1 has a semi-circular cross-section, and its central area is specially designed with a hollowed-out pattern. Multiple sets of reinforcing wing plates 2 are installed on both sides of the interior of the ring-arc reinforcing beam 1. These reinforcing wing plates 2 are arranged in multiple unit combinations within the beam, and their surfaces are uniformly perforated with multiple rectangular slots, giving the entire wing plate a hollowed-out structural effect. Furthermore, the multiple reinforcing wing plates 2 are symmetrically installed around the longitudinal central axis of the ring-arc reinforcing beam 1.

[0037] Inside the annular reinforced beam 1, on both sides, these reinforced wing plates 2 are connected to each other by uniformly arranged reinforced connecting plates 6, which are designed with an L-shaped longitudinal cross section.

[0038] To better understand this structure, we can combine... Figures 1-3 , Figures 6-8 For reference only. In practical use, effective support for tunnels in weak surrounding rock is mainly achieved through the cooperation of the annular reinforced beam 1 and the main support frame 4. Because the annular reinforced beam 1 adopts a semi-circular design, its top is arc-shaped, which can better match the arched contour of the tunnel, thus providing a certain degree of support. In addition, the middle part of the annular reinforced beam 1 is hollow, which not only effectively reduces the weight of the entire component, facilitating construction and installation, but also improves the flexibility of the beam to a certain extent, allowing it to better adapt to the deformation that may occur in the tunnel during construction.

[0039] In addition, multiple sets of reinforcing flanges 2 are arranged in the annular reinforced beam 1, which further improves the support structure system, enhances the overall strength and stiffness, and makes the entire support system more robust, thus better resisting the pressure and deformation effects from the weak surrounding rock.

[0040] Each reinforced wing plate 2 is connected to a supporting crossbeam 3 at one end, which features a hollow structure. When multiple top support components are assembled, the positions of the supporting crossbeams 3 inside the annular reinforced beam 1 correspond to each other. Simultaneously, a central support column 301 runs through the interior of the supporting crossbeam 3. Both parts—the supporting crossbeam 3 and the central support column 301—are constructed of high-strength steel, ensuring the strength and stability of the structure.

[0041] At the top of the circumferential reinforcing beam 1, a ring-protecting reinforcing plate 7 is welded. This plate is made of alloy steel. Movable grooves 8 are specially designed on both sides of the circumferential reinforcing beam 1 and the ring-protecting reinforcing plate 7.

[0042] Combination Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 This allows for a more intuitive understanding of the structural scheme. During use, the ring reinforcement plate 7, made of alloy steel, possesses high strength, excellent corrosion resistance, and strong wear resistance, effectively handling the complex stress conditions and deformation within the tunnel. This further ensures the stability and safety of the support structure and effectively improves the overall support effect. Especially when multiple support structures are used simultaneously, the supporting beams 3 in the ring reinforcement beam 1 maintain consistent positioning. Furthermore, the insertion of a central support column 301 within the supporting beams 3 further enhances the connection effect, improving the overall stability and reliability of the structure. This results in a significant improvement in the overall performance and stability of the combined support structures.

[0043] Example 2

[0044] This embodiment differs from the previous embodiment one primarily in that it adds a compensating support mechanism 5 to compensate for the supporting force, thereby improving the overall support performance of the structure. Therefore, this embodiment adopts the following design: a main support frame 4 is provided in the bottom support component, and this main support frame 4 is installed on both sides of the bottom of the annular reinforcing beam 1. Simultaneously, the main support frame 4 and the annular reinforcing beam 1 are connected and fixed together by a support plate 401. In addition, compensating support mechanisms 5 are respectively provided on both sides of the interior of the main support frame 4.

[0045] The compensation support mechanism 5 consists of the following components: a hinged support assembly fixed to one side of the main support frame 4. One end of the hinged support assembly is movably connected to a telescopic hydraulic cylinder 502, and the other end of the hydraulic cylinder 502 is also movably connected to a movable seat 508. This hinged support assembly also includes a dynamic control plate 501 connected to one side of the main support frame 4. A hinged adjustment frame 503 is movably connected to one side of the bottom of the dynamic control plate 501. One end of the hinged adjustment frame 503 is then movably connected to a longitudinal movable guide frame 504, and one end of the longitudinal movable guide frame 504 is further connected to a tilting arm 505. Meanwhile, one side of the movable seat 508 is connected to the tilting arm 505, and the other end of the tilting arm 505 is movably connected to a connecting frame 506. An arc-shaped support compensation plate 507 is welded to the top of the connecting frame 506. This arc-shaped support compensation plate 507 has an arc-shaped longitudinal cross-section and is made of alloy steel. In addition, the connecting bracket 506 extends into the movable slot 8 and can be freely rotated up and down in the movable slot 8.

[0046] refer to Figures 1-5 This provides a clearer understanding of the structure of this embodiment. In actual use, the basic support work at the bottom is first completed by the cooperation of the main support frame 4 and the support plate 401. Then, the telescopic hydraulic cylinder 502, in conjunction with the movable seat 508, pulls the tilting arm 505, allowing the tilting arm 505 to tilt up and down. Combined with the movement of the connecting frame 506, this drives the arc-shaped support compensation plate 507 to tilt up and down simultaneously. Because the connecting frame 506 can freely tilt within the movable groove 8, the arc-shaped support compensation plate 507 can also flexibly follow the tilting motion, adapting to different tunnel wall shapes and ensuring a tight fit between the compensation plate and the tunnel wall.

[0047] The 507 arc-shaped support compensation plate is made of high-strength, high-toughness alloy steel, possessing excellent resistance to deformation and wear. Its shape also matches the tunnel wall. This design effectively enhances the support effect of the entire support structure, avoiding deformation problems caused by weak surrounding rock, thereby ensuring a more stable support effect.

[0048] The preferred embodiments of the present invention disclosed above are merely illustrative of the invention. These preferred embodiments do not exhaustively describe all details, nor do they limit the invention to specific implementations. Clearly, many modifications and variations can be made based on the content of this specification. This specification selects and specifically describes these embodiments to better explain the principles and practical applications of the invention, thereby enabling those skilled in the art to better understand and utilize the invention. The invention is limited only by the claims and their full scope and equivalents.

Claims

1. A support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock, characterized in that, Includes top support components and bottom support components; The top support assembly includes an annular reinforcing beam (1), the cross-section of which is a hollow semi-circular structure. Several supporting crossbeams (3) are installed side by side at the center of the inner side of the bottom surface of the annular reinforcing beam (1). Several annular reinforcing plates (7) are welded side by side on the outer side of the arc surface of the annular reinforcing beam (1). Several reinforcing wing plates (2) are connected between the outer side of the supporting crossbeam (3) and the inner side of the annular reinforcing beam (1) or the corresponding annular reinforcing plate (7). The bottom support assembly includes a main support frame (4), which consists of two sets and is symmetrically installed at both ends of the lower side of the annular reinforcing beam (1). Each main support frame (4) is equipped with a compensation support mechanism (5).

2. The support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The supporting beam (3) adopts a hollow design, and the length of the supporting beam (3) matches the width of the protective reinforcement plate (7); a central support column (301) is inserted and installed inside each of the supporting beams (3).

3. The support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing wing plate (2) is symmetrically arranged around the longitudinal axis of the annular reinforcing beam (1), and multiple rectangular slots are uniformly opened on the reinforcing wing plate (2).

4. The support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reinforcing flanges (2) on both sides of the inner side of the annular reinforced beam (1) are uniformly connected by reinforcing connecting plates (6), and the longitudinal section of the connecting plates (6) is L-shaped.

5. The support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the main support frame (4) is provided with a support plate (401) for connecting with the annular reinforcing beam (1).

6. The support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock according to claim 1, characterized in that, The compensation support mechanism (5) includes a dynamic control plate (501) installed on one side of the support main frame (4). The dynamic control plate (501) is rotatably connected to the cylinder body of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (502) and the hinge adjustment frame (503) through movable connectors. The movable end of the telescopic hydraulic cylinder (502) is rotatably connected to a movable seat (508). The hinge adjustment frame (503) is connected to a longitudinal movable guide frame (504). A tilting arm (505) is installed on the longitudinal movable guide frame (504). The movable seat (508) is connected to the tilting arm (505). A connecting frame (506) is movably connected to the top of the tilting arm (505). An arc-shaped support compensation plate (507) is installed at the top of the connecting frame (506).

7. The support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock according to claim 6, characterized in that, The top plate of the annular reinforced beam (1) and both sides of the annular reinforced plate (7) are designed with movable grooves (8).

8. The support structure for highway tunnels in weak surrounding rock according to claim 7, characterized in that, The connecting frame (506) extends into the interior of the adjacent movable slot (8) and is capable of flipping up and down within the movable slot (8).

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