Zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device and its control method based on catalytic thermal surface combustion

Abstract

This invention discloses a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device and its control method based on catalytic thermal surface combustion, relating to the field of aero-engine equipment technology. The zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion includes: a glow plug, adapted to be installed on the wall of the engine's combustion chamber and extending into the combustion chamber; a protective cover, located radially outside the glow plug, with a cavity formed between the inner circumferential surface of the protective cover and the outer circumferential surface of the glow plug; both the inner circumferential surface of the protective cover and the outer circumferential surface of the glow plug are provided with a catalyst layer; the protective cover has a first opening communicating with the cavity, the first opening including multiple spaced sub-through holes; a second opening formed between the protective cover and the glow plug; and an injector adapted to inject fuel into the first opening. The zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to this invention has advantages such as facilitating the achievement of zero-carbon or low-carbon goals, good ignition performance, strong flame propagation performance, and long service life.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of aviation power equipment technology, and more specifically, to a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion and a control method for the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion. Background Technology

[0002] The low-carbon transformation of general aviation propulsion equipment is crucial to the development of the low-altitude economy, and the use of zero-carbon or low-carbon fuels is one of the most important technological pathways. Among zero-carbon or low-carbon fuels, ammonia and natural gas offer better reliability, higher volumetric energy density, and better economic efficiency. However, compared to traditional fossil fuels, ammonia and natural gas have high octane numbers, resulting in poorer ignition performance. Therefore, the combustion-supporting performance of the ignition device itself is of paramount importance.

[0003] Hot surface ignition devices such as glow plugs ignite and aid combustion of injected fuel by providing a continuously high-temperature surface. Compared to spark plug ignition technology, glow plugs are easier to control and can use zero-carbon or low-carbon fuels such as 100% ammonia or natural gas, which is more conducive to achieving zero-carbon or low-carbon goals.

[0004] In related technologies, glow plug ignition devices are prone to problems such as fuel impacting the glow plug during injection, causing its surface temperature to drop, increasing the difficulty of glow plug ignition, and even leading to unstable fuel combustion in the cylinder and engine stalling. It is necessary to increase the surface temperature of the glow plug to reduce the cooling effect caused by fuel impact, but excessively high temperatures will cause the glow plug element to overheat and reduce its service life. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, the present invention proposes a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion, which has the advantages of facilitating the achievement of zero-carbon or low-carbon goals, good ignition performance, strong flame propagation performance, and long service life.

[0006] The present invention also proposes a control method for the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, according to an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion is provided. The zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion includes: a glow plug adapted to be installed on the wall of an engine combustion chamber and extending into the engine combustion chamber; a protective cover disposed radially outside the glow plug, with a chamber formed between the inner circumferential surface of the protective cover and the outer circumferential surface of the glow plug, both the inner circumferential surface of the protective cover and the outer circumferential surface of the glow plug being provided with a catalyst layer, the protective cover having a first opening communicating with the chamber, the first opening including a plurality of spaced sub-through holes, a second opening formed between the protective cover and the glow plug; and an injector adapted to inject fuel into the first opening.

[0008] The zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to embodiments of the present invention has advantages such as easy achievement of zero-carbon or low-carbon goals, good ignition performance, and long service life.

[0009] In addition, the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to the above embodiments of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0010] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the plurality of sub-through holes are all offset from the central axis of the nozzle of the injector.

[0011] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the first opening is formed on the peripheral wall of the protective cover, and the second opening is formed at one end of the wall of the chamber away from the combustion chamber.

[0012] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the diameter of each of the sub-through holes is 0.9-1 mm.

[0013] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the catalyst layer is a platinum group metal coating or a platinum group alloy coating.

[0014] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the fuel is ammonia or natural gas.

[0015] According to one embodiment of the invention, the glow plug is adapted to be threaded onto the wall of the combustion chamber.

[0016] According to one embodiment of the present invention, the engine is a direct injection compression ignition engine or a turbine engine.

[0017] According to an embodiment of the second aspect of the present invention, a control method for a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion, as described in an embodiment of the first aspect of the present invention, is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0018] The injector injects a first predetermined amount of fuel, and the glow plug ignites it.

[0019] After successful ignition, the injector injects a second predetermined amount of fuel, which is greater than the first predetermined amount.

[0020] The control method of the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to the embodiments of the present invention has the advantages of facilitating the achievement of zero-carbon or low-carbon targets, good ignition performance, strong flame propagation performance, long service life, and low pollution by utilizing the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to the first aspect of the present invention.

[0021] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the control method of the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion further includes the following steps:

[0022] When the fuel injection is completed and the combustion phase is in progress, the injector injects a third predetermined amount of air.

[0023] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0024] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which:

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the glow plug and protective cover of a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic hot surface combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the glow plug and protective cover of a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic hot surface combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0028] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the process of a control method for a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of a control method for a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0030] Reference numerals: Zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device based on catalytic thermal surface combustion 1, glow plug 10, protective cover 20, first opening 21, second opening 22, sub-through hole 23, chamber 24, injector 30, fuel 31, nozzle 32, air 33, combustible gas 34, combustion chamber wall 2, flame 3, fuel and pollutants 4. Detailed Implementation

[0031] This application is based on the findings and understanding of the following facts and issues:

[0032] In related technologies, glow plug ignition devices are prone to problems such as fuel impacting the glow plug during injection, causing its surface temperature to drop, increasing the difficulty of glow plug ignition, and even leading to unstable fuel combustion in the cylinder and engine stalling. It is necessary to increase the surface temperature of the glow plug to reduce the cooling effect caused by fuel impact, but excessively high temperatures will cause the glow plug element to overheat and reduce its service life.

[0033] Specifically, glow plug ignition devices in related technologies are small in size due to the limited internal space of the engine, resulting in a short residence time of the fuel / air mixture on its hot surface and making it highly susceptible to the influence of nearby airflow. To address this, some glow plug ignition devices extend the residence time of fuel on the hot surface by installing a protective shield around the glow plug. However, fuel still impacts the glow plug during injection, causing its surface temperature to drop, increasing the difficulty of glow plug ignition, and even leading to unstable fuel combustion in the cylinder and engine stalling. It is necessary to increase the surface temperature of the glow plug to reduce the cooling effect caused by fuel impact, but excessively high temperatures can cause the glow plug element to overheat, reducing its service life.

[0034] In addition, while the use of a protective shield can improve the ignition performance of glow plugs to some extent, the shield will restrict the propagation of the initial ignition nucleus, affecting the engine's combustion efficiency, stability, and power. Moreover, the shield will accumulate some unburned fuel (such as ammonia and natural gas) and pollutants (such as soot), thus becoming a source of engine pollution.

[0035] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0036] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "center," "longitudinal," "lateral," "length," "width," "thickness," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," "counterclockwise," "axial," "radial," and "circumferential," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, features defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, unless otherwise stated, "a plurality of" means two or more.

[0037] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0038] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] like Figures 1-5 As shown, the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic hot surface combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a glow plug 10, a protective cover 20, and an injector 30.

[0040] The glow plug 10 is adapted to be mounted on the wall 2 of the engine combustion chamber and extend into the engine combustion chamber. A protective cover 20 is provided radially outside the glow plug 10, and a chamber 24 is formed between the inner circumferential surface of the protective cover 20 and the outer circumferential surface of the glow plug 10. Both the inner circumferential surface of the protective cover 20 and the outer circumferential surface of the glow plug 10 are provided with a catalyst layer. The protective cover 20 has a first opening 21 communicating with the chamber 24. The first opening 21 includes a plurality of spaced sub-through holes 23. A second opening 22 is formed between the protective cover 20 and the glow plug 10. An injector 30 is adapted to inject fuel 31 into the first opening 21.

[0041] Specifically, the catalyst layer is suitable for catalyzing the cracking of fuel 31 and subsequent chemical reaction processes.

[0042] After the injector 30 sprays fuel 31, it enters the chamber 24 through the first opening 21. Under the heating of the glow plug 10, the fuel 31 is ignited and burned. The flame spreads outward through the first opening 21 and the second opening 22, thereby realizing the combustion of fuel 31 in the combustion chamber.

[0043] According to an embodiment of the present invention, the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic hot surface combustion facilitates the installation and setting of the glow plug 10 and the protective cover 20 by using a glow plug 10, compared with the spark plug method in related technologies. It eliminates the need for a dual-fuel structure, avoids major modifications to the engine, and can use 100% ammonia or natural gas and other zero-carbon or low-carbon fuels, which is more conducive to achieving the zero-carbon or low-carbon goal. At the same time, the control of the glow plug 10 is simpler, and there is no need to use the complex control elements and systems of spark plugs.

[0044] Furthermore, by setting a catalyst layer, the catalyst layer can be used to catalyze the fuel cracking and subsequent chemical reaction processes. Compared with the glow plug 10 ignition device in related technologies, the catalyst layer can promote the ignition chemical reaction of the fuel, improve the low-temperature ignition performance of the glow plug 10, reduce ignition delay, and improve ignition stability. On the one hand, it can solve the problem of difficult ignition of high-octane zero-carbon or low-carbon gaseous fuels such as ammonia and natural gas, and facilitate the rapid and stable ignition of fuels with poor ignition performance. On the other hand, it can facilitate the reduction of the ignition temperature of the glow plug 10, thereby improving its service life.

[0045] Furthermore, by setting a protective cover 20 with a first opening 21, the first opening 21 including multiple spaced sub-through holes 23, when the injector 30 injects fuel 31 into the first opening 21, the porous structure of the protective cover 20 can obstruct the injected fuel 31, reducing the direct impact of fuel 31 injection on the surface of the glow plug 10 and reducing the direct cooling effect on the surface of the glow plug 10. Compared with the glow plug 10 ignition device in related technologies, this can improve the thermal performance of the glow plug 10, improve the flow and heat transfer state of the combustible mixture in the local space near the glow plug 10, and help the formation, growth and propagation of the initial ignition nucleus. Moreover, since the cooling effect of fuel 31 injection on the glow plug 10 is reduced, there is no need to increase the ignition temperature of the glow plug 10, which can facilitate the extension of the service life of the glow plug 10, greatly improve the combustion ignition stability and reliability, and ensure the efficient and stable operation of the engine.

[0046] Therefore, the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to the embodiments of the present invention has advantages such as easy achievement of zero-carbon or low-carbon goals, good ignition performance, strong flame propagation performance, and long service life.

[0047] The following description, with reference to the accompanying drawings, describes a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to a specific embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] In some specific embodiments of the present invention, such as Figures 1-5 As shown, the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic hot surface combustion according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a glow plug 10, a protective cover 20, and an injector 30.

[0049] Advantageously, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the multiple sub-through holes 23 are all offset from the central axis a of the nozzle 32 of the injector 30. This can further improve the obstruction effect of the protective cover 20 on the injected fuel 31 while ensuring that the fuel 31 can enter the chamber 24 through the sub-through holes 23. This further reduces the cooling effect of the injected fuel 31 on the glow plug 10, improves the thermal performance of the glow plug 10, facilitates the control of the ignition temperature of the glow plug 10, and can help extend the service life of the glow plug 10.

[0050] Specifically, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the first opening 21 is formed on the peripheral wall of the protective cover 20, and the second opening 22 is formed at one end of the wall 2 of the chamber 24 away from the combustion chamber. This facilitates the formation of the first opening 21 and the second opening 22, facilitates the injection of fuel 31 into the chamber 24, and facilitates the outward diffusion of the flame core within the chamber 24.

[0051] Optionally, the diameter of each sub-through hole 23 is 0.9-1 mm. This can further improve the obstruction effect of the protective cover 20 on the injected fuel 31 while ensuring that the fuel 31 can enter the chamber 24 through the sub-through holes 23. This further reduces the cooling effect of the injected fuel 31 on the glow plug 10, improves the thermal performance of the glow plug 10, facilitates the control of the ignition temperature of the glow plug 10, and can help extend the service life of the glow plug 10.

[0052] More specifically, the catalyst layer is a platinum group metal coating or a platinum group alloy coating. For example, a palladium-rhodium-alumina catalyst. This enhances the catalytic effect of the catalyst layer on the cracking of fuel 31 and subsequent chemical reactions, thereby improving the ignition performance of fuel 31.

[0053] More advantageously, fuel 31 can be ammonia or natural gas. This facilitates reducing carbon emissions during combustion, making it easier to achieve zero-carbon or low-carbon goals, and also offers good reliability and economy.

[0054] Furthermore, the glow plug 10 is adapted to be threaded onto the wall 2 of the combustion chamber. This facilitates the installation of the glow plug 10 and improves the sealing between the glow plug 10 and the wall 2 of the combustion chamber.

[0055] Furthermore, the engine is either a direct injection compression ignition engine or a turbine engine. This facilitates the efficient use of zero-carbon or low-carbon fuels such as ammonia and natural gas in general aviation engines, improves the ignition and combustion performance of direct injection compression ignition engines or turbine engines, facilitates the achievement of zero-carbon or low-carbon goals, promotes the green transformation of general aviation, and fosters the development of general aviation.

[0056] The following is for reference. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The control method of the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to the above embodiments of the present invention includes the following steps:

[0057] The injector 30 injects a first predetermined amount of fuel 31, and the glow plug 10 ignites it.

[0058] After successful ignition, the injector 30 injects a second predetermined amount of fuel 31, which is greater than the first predetermined amount.

[0059] Specifically, the injector 30 employs a segmented injection method. During the first injection, the injector 30 injects a relatively small and appropriate amount of fuel 31. On the one hand, this ensures sufficient fuel 31 for ignition and combustion. On the other hand, the short and small injection can avoid the high-speed jet during continuous injection, thereby further reducing the flow of combustible gas 34 within the protective cover and increasing the residence time of combustible gas 34 on the hot surface of the glow plug 10, thus improving the ignition performance of the glow plug 10.

[0060] After successful ignition, the injector 30 performs a second injection, injecting the remaining large amount of fuel 31 into the combustion chamber. The high-speed jet generated by the second injection drives the airflow within the protective cover 20 to increase, thereby promoting the flame 3 to spread outward through the first opening 21 and the second opening 22 of the protective cover 20 to the combustion chamber, and quickly ignites the remaining large amount of combustible gas 34, completing the combustion process and providing sufficient power.

[0061] The control method of the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to the embodiments of the present invention has the advantages of facilitating the achievement of zero-carbon or low-carbon goals, good ignition performance, strong flame propagation performance, long service life, and low pollution by utilizing the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to the above embodiments of the present invention.

[0062] Advantageously, such as Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, the control method for the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic thermal surface combustion further includes the following steps:

[0063] When the fuel injection 31 is completed and the combustion stage is in progress, the injector 30 injects a third predetermined amount of air 33.

[0064] First, the injection of air 33 carries the unburned fuel remaining in the injector 30 into the combustion chamber for further combustion. Second, on the one hand, it promotes secondary reactions of the unburned fuel and pollutants 4 (such as soot) remaining inside the protective cover 20; on the other hand, it further enhances the local flow to carry the remaining unburned fuel and pollutants 4 out of the protective cover 20 and into the combustion chamber for secondary combustion and reaction, thereby reducing the concentration of unburned fuel and corresponding pollutants accumulated inside the protective cover 20. Finally, the injection of air 33 creates lean combustion conditions throughout the combustion chamber, and the injection of fresh air 33 reduces the combustion temperature to a certain extent, thereby reducing the formation of pollutants such as soot and nitrogen oxides (NOx).

[0065] The following is for reference. Figure 4 and Figure 5 The operation process of a zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to a specific embodiment of the present invention is described.

[0066] like Figure 4 As shown in (a), when the engine starts running, a small amount of fuel 31 is continuously injected by the injector 30 into the glow plug 10 and its surroundings, i.e., a single fuel injection 31.

[0067] like Figure 4 As shown in (b), some fuel 31 enters the interior of the protective cover 20 through the first opening 21 and mixes with air 33 to form a combustible mixture. The porous design of the first opening 21 can reduce the direct interference and impact of fuel 31 injection on the glow plug 10 to a certain extent, and also reduce the disturbance of the combustion chamber environment to the flow and heat transfer process near the glow plug 10. On the other hand, it provides the necessary channel for the two processes of fuel 31 flowing into the protective cover 20 and forming a combustible mixture near the glow plug 10, and for the flame 3 to spread outward after the formation of the flame nucleus. This provides favorable conditions for the subsequent catalytic ignition of the glow plug 10. Subsequently, under the high temperature of the glow plug 10 surface, the combustible gas 34 undergoes a chemical reaction to form an initial flame nucleus; then, the catalytic combustion inside the protective cover 20 further promotes the rapid growth of the initial flame nucleus, filling the protective cover 20 with flame 3 and completing the ignition. During this process, the catalyst layer on the surface of the glow plug 10 and the inner surface of the protective cover 20 helps to promote the cracking of fuel 31 and related chemical reactions. Furthermore, the protective shield 20 can accumulate sufficient combustible gas 34 around the glow plug 10 after fuel 31 injection, avoiding the influence of the flow state in the combustion chamber and solving the disadvantages of variable combustible mixture state and difficult ignition process control near the glow plug 10 without the protective shield. Simultaneously, each fuel 31 injection stops after a suitable amount of fuel 31 has been injected, thereby reducing the rapid flow of fuel 31 and increasing the residence time of fuel 31 on the hot surface of the glow plug 10. This helps promote the ignition reaction of fuel 31, thereby improving ignition performance.

[0068] like Figure 4 As shown in (c), after initial ignition, a secondary fuel injection 31 is performed, with some of the fuel 31 entering the protective shield 20 to provide sufficient fuel 31. Simultaneously, this accelerates the flow of energy within the protective shield 20, thereby accelerating the propagation of the flame 3 outwards from the protective shield 20. During this process, the flame 3 inside the protective shield 20 rapidly propagates outwards into the combustion chamber through the first opening 21 and the second opening 22, ensuring rapid propagation and continuous, efficient combustion of the subsequent flame 3 within the main combustion chamber.

[0069] like Figure 4 As shown in (d), when the flame 3 inside the protective cover 20 propagates into the combustion chamber, the injector 30 continuously sprays a certain amount of fuel 31 to the surrounding area to replenish the fuel 31 consumed in the combustion chamber due to the propagation of the flame 3, promotes reliable and rapid combustion in the combustion chamber, and provides power for the efficient operation of the engine.

[0070] like Figure 4 As shown in (e), after ensuring the engine is operating normally, the injector 30 injects a certain amount of air 33, i.e., the post-injection process. This process removes the unburned fuel 31 remaining inside the injector 30, allowing it to enter the main combustion chamber for combustion. Simultaneously, the post-injected air 33 enters the protective cover 20 and combines with the unburned fuel therein to form lean combustible gas 34, which is then re-burned at the high temperature of the glow plug 10. Furthermore, the post-injected air 33 entering the main combustion chamber can, on the one hand, reduce the overall combustion temperature of the combustion field when the fuel 31 is ammonia, thereby reducing the formation of pollutants such as nitrogen oxides; and on the other hand, it can promote the oxidation reaction of pollutants such as soot when the fuel 31 is natural gas, thereby reducing the overall emission level. This improves the combustion efficiency of the fuel 31 and reduces the engine's pollutant emissions.

[0071] Other configurations and operations of the zero-carbon or low-carbon fuel combustion device 1 based on catalytic thermal surface combustion according to embodiments of the present invention and its control method are known to those skilled in the art and will not be described in detail here.

[0072] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "illustrative embodiment," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples.

[0073] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will understand that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A zero or low carbon fuel combustion apparatus based on catalytic hot surface combustion support, characterized in that, The application relates to an electrically heated glow plug, a protective cover and an injector. The electrically heated glow plug is adapted to be installed on the wall of a combustion chamber of an engine and extends into the combustion chamber of the engine. The protective cover is arranged radially outside the electrically heated glow plug and a cavity is formed between the inner periphery of the protective cover and the outer periphery of the electrically heated glow plug. The inner periphery of the protective cover and the outer periphery of the electrically heated glow plug are both provided with a catalyst layer.

2. Catalytic hot-surface-assisted zero or low carbon fuel combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that The protective cover is provided with a first opening which is in communication with the cavity and the first opening comprises a plurality of sub-holes which are arranged at intervals.

3. Catalytic hot-surface-assisted zero or low carbon fuel combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second opening is formed between the protective cover and the electrically heated glow plug.

4. Catalytic hot-surface-assisted zero or low carbon fuel combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that The injector is adapted to inject fuel into the first opening.

5. Catalytic hot-surface-assisted zero or low carbon fuel combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The center axis of the nozzle of the injector is offset from each of the sub-holes.

6. The catalytic hot-surface-assisted zero or low carbon fuel combustion device of claim 1, wherein, The first opening is formed on the peripheral wall of the protective cover and the second opening is formed at the end of the cavity which is away from the wall of the combustion chamber.

7. The catalytic hot-surface-assisted zero or low carbon fuel combustion device of claim 1, wherein, The diameter of each of the sub-holes is 0.9-1 mm.

8. Catalytic hot-surface-assisted zero or low carbon fuel combustion device according to claim 1, characterized in that The catalyst layer is a platinum group metal coating or a platinum group alloy coating.

9. A control method of a catalytic hot-surface-assisted zero- or low-carbon fuel combustion apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by, The fuel is ammonia or natural gas. The electrically heated glow plug is adapted to be screwed on the wall of the combustion chamber. The engine is a direct injection compression ignition engine or a turbine engine.

10. The control method of a catalytic hot-surface-assisted zero- or low- carbon fuel combustion device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The application further relates to a method for igniting the engine. The injector injects a first predetermined amount of fuel and the electrically heated glow plug ignites. After successful ignition, the injector injects a second predetermined amount of fuel which is greater than the first predetermined amount. The injector injects a third predetermined amount of air when the fuel injection is completed and the combustion enters the later stage.

Images