Semi-spiral water suction chamber with built-in anti-cavitation flow deflectors for pump

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of pump body structure equipment, in particular to a semi-spiral water suction chamber with built-in anti-cavitation flow deflectors for a pump. The vortex pump comprises a pump shell, a vortex flow channel, a water inlet, an arc-shaped flow guiding piece, a flow guiding groove, an impeller, a transmission shaft and a main body flow dividing piece. A vortex flow channel is integrally arranged on the periphery of the pump shell in a surrounding mode, the water inlet is formed in the pump shell, the flow guide face of the arc-shaped flow guide part right faces the water inlet, the arc-shaped flow guide part is arranged in the pump shell, a plurality of flow guide grooves are formed in the flow guide face in a radial surrounding mode, the impeller is located in the pump shell, one end of the transmission shaft is connected with the impeller, and the other end of the transmission shaft is connected with the arc-shaped flow guide part. According to the design, active dynamic cutting and passive static flow guiding are combined, the rotating motion of the main shaft is converted into high-speed reciprocating motion of the flow cutting pieces through the driving lantern ring, the linkage block and the spring mechanism, and continuous, high-frequency and dynamic cutting of water flow is achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pump body structure equipment technology, and in particular to a semi-spiral suction chamber for pumps with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes. Background Technology

[0002] A centrifugal pump is a mechanical device that uses the centrifugal force generated by a rotating impeller to transport fluids. Its core function is to convert the high-speed rotational mechanical energy of an electric motor into the kinetic and pressure energy of a liquid, thereby achieving the lifting, pressurization, or circulation of the liquid. It is widely used in agricultural irrigation, industrial production, urban water supply, HVAC systems, and the chemical industry, and is one of the most widely applied pump types.

[0003] However, existing equipment often encounters the following problems during use:

[0004] When a water pump is running, if the local pressure is lower than the saturated vapor pressure at that water temperature, steam bubbles (cavitation) will be generated in the water flow. When these bubbles move with the water flow to the high-pressure area, they will collapse instantly, generating extremely strong shock waves. Cavitation bubbles can clog the flow channels, causing a sharp drop in flow rate, head (pressure), and efficiency. The micro-jet streams and shock waves generated by bubble collapse will repeatedly bombard the surfaces of flow components (such as impellers and pump casings), leading to material fatigue and spalling, honeycomb-like corrosion, and severely shortening the pump's service life. Vibration and noise: Cavitation can cause severe vibration and loud noise in the pump unit, affecting the stability of the entire system and the working environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a semi-spiral suction chamber for pumps with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes, effectively solving the problem mentioned in the background art where, during pump operation, if the local pressure is lower than the saturated vapor pressure at that water temperature, steam bubbles are generated in the water flow. When these bubbles travel with the water flow to the high-pressure area, they collapse instantly, generating extremely strong shock waves. Cavitation bubbles clog the flow channels, leading to a sharp decrease in flow rate, head, and efficiency. The micro-jet streams and shock waves generated by bubble collapse repeatedly bombard the surfaces of flow components (pump casing), causing material fatigue and spalling, resulting in honeycomb-like corrosion and severely shortening the pump's service life. Vibration and noise: Cavitation causes severe vibration and loud noise in the pump unit, affecting the stability of the entire system and the working environment.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes, comprising:

[0008] Pump casing;

[0009] The vortex flow channel is integrally arranged around the outer circumference of the pump casing;

[0010] The water inlet is located on the pump casing;

[0011] An arc-shaped flow guide, wherein the flow guiding surface of the arc-shaped flow guide is directly facing the water inlet, and the arc-shaped flow guide is disposed inside the pump casing;

[0012] The guide channel is provided with a plurality of guide channels radially arranged around the guide surface;

[0013] Impeller, the impeller being located within the pump casing;

[0014] A drive shaft, one end of which is connected to the impeller, and the other end of which is connected to the arc-shaped guide.

[0015] Also includes:

[0016] The main flow divider is sleeved around the outer periphery of the arc-shaped flow guide;

[0017] Drop blades, and multiple drop blades are fixed on the shaft of the drive shaft;

[0018] A sealing cap, which is fitted onto the shaft of the drive shaft;

[0019] A drive collar, which is sleeved on and fixed to the other end of the drive shaft, and the drive collar is located inside the sealing cover;

[0020] A toggle plate, wherein multiple toggle plates are arranged circumferentially on the body of the drive collar;

[0021] The cut is provided at the end of each of the aforementioned toggle plates;

[0022] Multiple linkage blocks surround the toggle plate;

[0023] Cut A is provided on each of the plurality of linkage blocks, and cut A engages with the cut at the top of the toggle plate;

[0024] Each spring has one end connected to one of the linkage blocks.

[0025] Also includes:

[0026] Each sub-shaft has one end fixedly connected to one of the linkage blocks; the sub-shaft passes through one side of the main flow divider.

[0027] Multiple flow cutters, each of which is fixed to the through end of each of the sub-shafts, are distributed around the arc-shaped flow guide;

[0028] A grid sleeve, one end of which is fixedly connected to the water inlet, and the other end of which is fixedly connected to the main flow divider;

[0029] The oblique slices are provided on the side wheel surface of the main flow divider.

[0030] One end of each spring is connected to one side of the main diverter.

[0031] The arc-shaped guide is a separate component of the port at the other end of the drive shaft.

[0032] The drop blade is shaped such that the diameter is wider at the end near the sealing cover and narrower at the end near the impeller.

[0033] The spiral direction of the oblique slice is the same as that of the impeller.

[0034] The sealing cap is fitted to one side of the main diversion component.

[0035] The multiple flow cutters are wavy.

[0036] The grid sleeve has grid openings in its body.

[0037] Compared with existing technologies, the beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: This invention combines "active dynamic cutting" with "passive static flow guidance." By using a drive collar, linkage block, and spring mechanism, the rotational motion of the main shaft is converted into the high-speed reciprocating motion of the slitting blades, achieving continuous, high-frequency, dynamic cutting of the water flow. Combined with the triple static flow guidance and cutting of the guide channel, grid sleeve, and oblique slices, a three-dimensional, multi-stage anti-cavitation system is formed. This design effectively disrupts the conditions for cavitation initiation, significantly improving the pump's anti-cavitation performance. The "three-stage slitting" system (reciprocating slitting blades → oblique slices) continuously decomposes and breaks down large water flows into extremely uniform and fine micro-streams. This treatment method greatly optimizes the state of the water flow before it enters the impeller, eliminating large vortices and areas of uneven velocity, resulting in a more uniform pressure distribution within the pump body. Local pressures are difficult to reduce below the vaporization pressure, thus eliminating the generation of cavitation bubbles at the source. Attached Figure Description

[0038] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the detailed embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0039] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall shape of the invention.

[0040] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the main flow divider structure of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 4 This is a side view of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0043] Figure 5 This is a front view of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 6 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the internal structure of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the actuation mechanism of the present invention.

[0046] Figure 8 for Figure 7 A magnified view of A in the middle.

[0047] The following are the labels in the diagram: 1. Pump casing; 2. Vortex flow channel; 3. Inlet; 4. Arc-shaped guide; 5. Guide groove; 6. Impeller; 7. Drive shaft; 8. Main flow divider; 9. Drop vane; 10. Sealing cover; 11. Drive collar; 12. Actuating plate; 13. Cutout; 14. Multiple linkage blocks; 15. Cutout A; 16. Spring; 17. Sub-shaft; 18. Multiple flow cutters; 19. Grid sleeve; 20. Oblique slice. Detailed Implementation

[0048] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "connected," and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0050] like Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a semi-spiral suction chamber for pumps with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes. The semi-spiral suction chamber for pumps with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes includes a pump casing 1, a vortex flow channel 2, a water inlet 3, an arc-shaped guide 4, a guide groove 5, an impeller 6, a drive shaft 7, and a main body diverter 8.

[0051] A vortex flow channel 2 is integrally arranged around the outer circumference of the pump casing 1. The inlet 3 is located on the pump casing 1. The guiding surface of the arc-shaped flow guide 4 faces the inlet 3. The arc-shaped flow guide 4 is located inside the pump casing 1. The arc-shaped flow guide 4 is an independent component at the other end of the drive shaft 7. This component is mainly used to guide the water flow and perform primary flow diversion through its guiding surface. The arc-shaped design helps to distribute the water flow evenly, avoids the phenomenon of excessively high local flow velocity, and thus reduces the generation of cavitation.

[0052] In this invention, such as Figure 5 Multiple guide grooves 5 are radially arranged around the guide surface. After passing through the arc-shaped guide member 4, the water flow is further divided by the guide grooves 5 to make the water flow more uniform. The radial arrangement of the guide grooves 5 increases the accuracy of the flow division and can effectively reduce the formation of eddies. The impeller 6 is located inside the pump casing 1. As the core component of the pump, the impeller 6 is responsible for pressurizing and transporting the fluid. The design of the drive shaft 7 ensures the effective linkage between the impeller 6 and other components. The rotation of the impeller 6 not only propels the water flow but also reduces air bubbles and unstable factors in the water flow through the optimization of the impeller 6's shape, thereby reducing cavitation.

[0053] In this invention, one end of the drive shaft 7 is connected to the impeller 6, and the other end of the drive shaft 7 is connected to the arc-shaped guide member 4. The main flow divider 8 is sleeved on the outer periphery of the arc-shaped guide member 4. Multiple drop blades 9 are fixed on the shaft of the drive shaft 7. The drop blades 9 are designed with a wider diameter near the sealing cover 10 and a narrower diameter near the impeller 6. The drop blades 9 are designed to better concentrate the previously dispersed water flow, which helps to enhance the power of the water flow and keep the water flow under high pressure, avoiding cavitation caused by excessively low pressure.

[0054] In this invention, such as Figure 4 The design of the drop vane 9 takes into account the concentration and uniformity of water flow, ensuring a more stable final flow. The sealing cover 10 is sleeved on the shaft of the drive shaft 7, and the sealing cover 10 fits against one side of the main flow divider 8. The drive collar 11 is sleeved and fixed to the other end of the drive shaft 7. The drive collar 11 is located inside the sealing cover 10. Multiple actuating plates 12 are arranged circumferentially on the drive collar 11. Through the cooperation of the actuating plates 12 and the linkage block, high-frequency periodic reversal is achieved. This process enhances the kinetic energy of the water flow, especially the reciprocating motion of the sub-shaft 17 and the flow divider, effectively breaking up any cavitation bubbles that may form. This design optimizes the water flow pattern through dynamic cutting, making the water flow more conducive to the efficient operation of the pump body. Each actuating plate 12 has a cut 13 at its end. Multiple linkage blocks 14 surround the actuating plate 12. Each linkage block 14 has a cut 13A. The cut 13A and the cut 13 at the top of the actuating plate 12 mesh with each other. One end of each spring 16 is connected to a linkage block, and one end of each spring 16 is connected to one side of the main body diverter 8.

[0055] In this invention, one end of each sub-shaft 17 is fixedly connected to a linkage block; the sub-shaft 17 passes through one side of the main flow divider 8; the high-speed reciprocating oscillation of the sub-shaft 17 and the oscillation of the flow cutters play a role in fine cutting and further optimizing the water flow. Through this design, the formation of cavitation bubbles in the water flow can be effectively prevented, ensuring the stability of the water flow and the efficient operation of the pump. Multiple flow cutters 18 are fixed to the passing ends of each sub-shaft 17, and the multiple flow cutters 18 are distributed around the arc-shaped flow guide 4, and the multiple flow cutters 18 are wavy.

[0056] In this invention, one end of the grid sleeve 19 is fixedly connected to the inlet 3, and the other end is fixedly connected to the main flow divider 8. The cylinder of the grid sleeve 19 has grid openings. The grid sleeve 19 provides an additional water flow homogenization process, further ensuring that the water flow is fully optimized before entering other components of the pump body. The design of the grid grooves helps to eliminate irregularities in the water flow, providing a smoother fluid state for the subsequent flow cutting process. Multiple oblique slices 20 are provided on the side wheel surface of the main flow divider 8. The rotation direction of the oblique slices 20 is the same as that of the impeller 6. The oblique slices 20 on the side wheel surface of the main flow divider 8 can collide with the water flow, thereby further refining the shape of the water flow, increasing the uniformity of the water flow, and effectively reducing the generation of unstable water flow. In this way, the oblique slices 20 optimize the transmission state of the water flow in the pump.

[0057] It should be noted that the semi-spiral suction chamber for pumps with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes designed in this invention operates as a continuous, multi-stage water flow optimization and anti-cavitation process, which can be divided into the following four stages: Stage 1: Primary flow guidance and diversion. The water flow enters the pump body from the inlet 3. The water flow first impacts the guide surface of the arc-shaped guide 4 and is first diverted by the radially distributed guide grooves 5 on its surface, dispersing the concentrated inflow into multiple fine streams. Stage 2 is the medium dynamic reciprocating cutting core anti-cavitation stage. The motor drives the impeller 6 to rotate, and the impeller 6 drives the transmission shaft 7 to rotate. The drop vanes 9 on the transmission shaft 7 begin to rotate to assist in concentrating the water flow. At the same time, the rotation of the transmission shaft 7 is transmitted to the drive collar 11 at the end. The actuating plate 12 on the drive collar 11 rotates accordingly. When the cut 13 of the actuating plate 12 moves to the cut 13A of the linkage block, the linkage block is driven to rotate. At this time, the spring 16 connected to the linkage block is stretched and stores potential energy. Once the cut 13 of the actuating plate 12 disengages from the cut 13A of the linkage block, the stretched spring 16 immediately releases its potential energy, dragging the linkage block to reset at high speed, awaiting the next actuation of the actuating plate 12. This process causes the sub-shaft 17 to rotate at high speed and periodically in both directions. The flow-cutting blades at the end of the sub-shaft 17 then oscillate at high speed. The water flow after the first diversion through the guide channel 5 is immediately cut and broken a second time by these oscillating flow-cutting blades, greatly optimizing the water flow pattern and effectively dispersing water flow clumps and vortices that may form cavitation nuclei. Stage three is the static grid and final flow cutting. After dynamic cutting, the water flow continues to advance, passing through the grid groove of the grid sleeve 19. The grid groove further sorts and homogenizes the water flow, completing the initial rectification. Subsequently, the water flow reaches the side wheel surface of the main diverter 8 and collides with the oblique slices 20 designed on the surface, undergoing a third flow cutting. This cutting further refines the water flow, making it very uniform. Phase four involves flow collection, pressurization, and output. After three cuts, the highly homogenized water flow is effectively concentrated and transported by the rotating drop blades 9, whose diameter is designed to be wider near the sealing cover 10 and narrower near the impeller 6, facilitating flow concentration. The concentrated water flow is collected by the vortex channel 2 of the pump casing 1 and guided spirally to the impeller 6 inlet. The impeller 6 then performs work on this fully optimized water flow, which is less prone to cavitation, and forces it out. This repeated dispersion-concentration process significantly enhances the turbulence and fluidity of the water, alters the pressure distribution within the pump body, and makes it difficult for local pressure to drop below the vaporization pressure, thus fundamentally suppressing the generation of cavitation bubbles.

[0058] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes, characterized in that, include: Pump casing (1); Vortex flow channel (2), the vortex flow channel (2) is integrally arranged around the outer circumference of the pump casing (1); Water inlet (3), the water inlet (3) is provided on the pump casing (1); Arc-shaped guide (4), the guide surface of the arc-shaped guide (4) is facing the water inlet (3), and the arc-shaped guide (4) is disposed inside the pump casing (1); The guide groove (5) is radially arranged around the guide surface; Impeller (6), the impeller (6) is located inside the pump casing (1); A drive shaft (7) is provided, one end of which is connected to the impeller (6), and the other end of which is connected to the arc-shaped guide (4).

2. The semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The main flow divider (8) is sleeved on the outer periphery of the arc-shaped flow guide (4); Drop blades (9), and multiple drop blades (9) are fixed on the shaft of the drive shaft (7); A sealing cap (10) is fitted onto the shaft of the drive shaft (7); A drive collar (11) is sleeved and fixed to the other end of the drive shaft (7), and the drive collar (11) is located inside the sealing cover (10); A toggle plate (12), and a plurality of toggle plates (12) are arranged circumferentially on the drive collar (11); Cut (13), each of the actuating plates (12) has a cut (13) at its end; Multiple linkage blocks (14) surround the toggle plate (12); Cut (13)A, each of the plurality of linkage blocks (14) is provided with cut (13)A, and the cut (13)A engages with the cut (13) at the top of the actuating plate (12); Springs (16), one end of each spring (16) is connected to one of the linkage blocks.

3. The semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes according to claim 2, characterized in that, Also includes: Sub-shafts (17), one end of each sub-shaft (17) is fixedly connected to one of the linkage blocks; the sub-shafts (17) pass through one side of the main diverter (8); Multiple flow cutters (18) are fixed to the through end of each of the sub-shafts (17) and are distributed around the arc-shaped flow guide (4). A grid sleeve (19) is fixedly connected at one end to the water inlet (3) and at the other end to the main body diverter (8). The oblique slice (20) is provided on the side wheel surface of the main flow divider (8).

4. A semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes as described in claim 2, characterized in that, One end of each spring (16) is connected to one side of the main body diverter (8).

5. A semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The arc-shaped guide (4) is a separate component of the port at the other end of the drive shaft (7).

6. A semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drop blade (9) is shaped such that the diameter of the end near the sealing cover (10) is wider and the diameter of the end near the impeller (6) is narrower.

7. A semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The spiral direction of the oblique slice (20) is the same as that of the impeller (6).

8. A semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes according to claim 2, characterized in that, The sealing cap (10) is attached to one side of the main diverter (8).

9. A semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The multiple flow cutters (18) are wavy.

10. A semi-spiral suction chamber for a pump with built-in anti-cavitation guide vanes according to claim 3, characterized in that, The grid sleeve (19) has a grid opening on its body.

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