Device and method for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on frequency division multi-beam focal plane

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency division multi-beam focal plane. The device is used for detecting relative intensity information of a plurality of millimeter wave beams with different frequencies. According to some embodiments of the invention, millimeter wave beams with different frequencies are directly mapped to the focal plane detector through single-antenna receiving, non-equal delay optical fiber array and space lens imaging, and simultaneous detection of a plurality of millimeter wave beams can be realized. Some embodiments of the invention also disclose a method for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on the frequency division multi-beam focal plane.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the fields of optoelectronic fusion and optoelectronic precision measurement technology, and particularly to beam receiving devices and methods. Background Technology

[0002] In the fields of optoelectronic fusion and precision optoelectronic measurement, such as radar detection technology, multi-beam synchronous monitoring capability serves as a core indicator for improving system performance, demonstrating irreplaceable application value in diverse scenarios such as strategic early warning, meteorological observation, air traffic control, and autonomous driving. Traditional phased array radar achieves parallel reception of multiple beams through electronic scanning. Although it can simultaneously acquire radio frequency information from multiple directions, its system architecture has inherent defects: the number of beams is linearly positively correlated with the consumption of computing resources, resulting in enormous data processing pressure under dense beam configurations. For example, when the number of beams is expanded from 32 to 128, the computational complexity of algorithms such as signal demodulation, filtering, and direction-of-arrival estimation will increase exponentially, posing a significant challenge to detection systems with stringent real-time requirements.

[0003] Meanwhile, in certain scenarios or applications, it is necessary to examine information about the transmitted beams of the cooperating target, such as changes in beam intensity or relative strength of different beams, or to use multiple cooperating beams to communicate with the receiver user. Existing technologies have gaps in this regard. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an apparatus and method for simultaneously monitoring beam information such as the intensity information of multiple millimeter-wave beams with different frequencies, and / or for monitoring the relative intensity of different beams, and / or for enabling communication.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, some embodiments of the present invention provide a device for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane array, comprising a millimeter-wave antenna element configured to directly receive multiple far-field millimeter-wave beams and convert them into a first electrical signal, wherein the frequencies of the multiple millimeter-wave beams are different from each other; a low-noise amplifier configured to receive the first electrical signal from the millimeter-wave antenna element and amplify the first electrical signal; a laser configured to provide a local oscillator optical signal in the visible or infrared band; and a first electro-optic modulator configured to receive the amplified first electrical signal from the low-noise amplifier, and from the... A laser receives a local oscillator light signal in the visible or infrared band and modulates the amplified first electrical signal onto the visible or infrared band to obtain an optical domain signal; a semiconductor optical amplifier is configured to receive the optical domain signal from the first electro-optic modulator, amplify the optical domain signal, and output a high-power optical domain signal; an optical fiber splitter is configured to receive the high-power optical domain signal, split the high-power optical domain signal, and output multiple optical domain signals, the optical fiber splitter including a single input terminal and several output terminals; the input terminal is connected to the output of the semiconductor optical amplifier; and a non-uniform delay fiber array is used. The optical array includes multiple fiber optic patch cords of different lengths, configured to apply different delays to the multiple optical domain signals output by the optical splitter, and connected to the output terminals of the optical fiber splitter via fiber optic flanges to form multiple fiber optic channels with different delays; the optical array module consists of a fiber cluster array and a microlens array; the fiber cluster array is composed of fiber clusters arranged in a predetermined spatial pattern, connected to the non-uniform delay fiber array via fiber optic flanges, and configured to emit fiber light into free space; the microlens array is arranged in the same spatial pattern as the fiber cluster array. The optical fiber array is arranged and coupled together with the fiber cluster array to collimate the beam emitted from the fiber cluster array; a spatial filtering unit, composed of one or more spatial filters, is configured to separate the carrier signal and sideband signal introduced by the first electro-optic modulator, so that the sideband signal is transmitted and continues to propagate forward, while the carrier signal component is reflected backward; an optical lens is configured to perform optical imaging on the sideband signal transmitted from the spatial filtering unit; a focal plane detector, located at the focal plane of the optical lens, is configured to record the optical imaging result signal at a certain frame rate.

[0006] In some embodiments, the first electro-optic modulator is a phase modulator or an intensity modulator.

[0007] In some embodiments, the spatial arrangement of the fiber cluster array is such that the length of the fiber channel in the corresponding non-equal delay fiber array in the vertical direction increases linearly.

[0008] In some embodiments, the millimeter-wave antenna element is a horn antenna or a patch antenna, and the number of elements is one.

[0009] In some embodiments, the focal plane detector is a two-dimensional shortwave infrared camera, a one-dimensional shortwave infrared camera, or an optoelectronic receiver array.

[0010] In some embodiments, a channel phase control unit is further included between the non-equal delay fiber array and the fiber splitter, for controlling the phase of the multiple fiber channels with different delays to stabilize them at preset phases respectively.

[0011] In some embodiments, the channel phase control unit includes a photodetector array, a phase setting unit for each channel, an analog-to-digital converter, a phase deviation calculation unit, a digital-to-analog converter, a power amplifier, and a second electro-optic modulator array; wherein: the second electro-optic modulator array is connected between the non-uniform delay fiber array and the optical array module via an optical fiber flange; the carrier signal of the spatial filtering unit and a laser reference signal derived from the laser are mixed, photoelectrically converted by the photodetector array, and digitally sampled by the analog-to-digital converter; the phase deviation calculation unit calculates the difference between the phase signal and the target phase value of each channel phase setting unit to obtain a phase compensation signal; the phase compensation signal is transmitted to the second electro-optic modulator array via the digital-to-analog converter and the power amplifier; each channel phase setting unit includes the preset phase of each of the multiple channels; the photodetector array is a photoelectric conversion device with several detection sensitive units, and the arrangement of the several detection sensitive units is consistent with the arrangement of the optical array module.

[0012] In some embodiments, the beam information includes the intensity information of the millimeter-wave beam, the phase information of the millimeter-wave beam, or the waveform information of the millimeter-wave beam.

[0013] Other embodiments of this application also provide a method for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane, comprising the steps of: receiving and converting multiple incident far-field millimeter wave beams into electrical signals; amplifying the electrical signal beams; modulating the amplified electrical signals onto an optical domain to obtain an optical domain signal; amplifying the power of the emitted optical domain signal; splitting the amplified optical domain signal to form multiple signal beams; coupling each signal beam with a non-uniform delay fiber array and an optical array module to form a spatially collimated beam; spatially filtering the spatially collimated beam to transmit sideband signals and reflect carrier signals; forming a planar image of the sideband signals and recording the planar image.

[0014] In some embodiments, the method further includes causing each millimeter-wave beam to correspond to a different position of the planar image acquired by the focal plane detector and to form a corresponding light spot on the focal plane detector.

[0015] In some embodiments, the beam information includes the intensity information, phase information, or waveform information of the millimeter-wave beam; the intensity information of each millimeter-wave beam is determined by the grayscale value of the light spot acquired by the focal plane detector; and the waveform information or phase information of the millimeter-wave beam is obtained by the photoelectric receiving array.

[0016] In some embodiments, the method is implemented based on the apparatus of any of the foregoing.

[0017] The beneficial effects of this invention include: In some embodiments, by using a single antenna for reception, a non-uniform delay fiber array, and a space lens for imaging, this invention directly maps millimeter-wave beams of different frequencies onto a focal plane detector, enabling simultaneous detection of multiple millimeter-wave beams. In some embodiments, this invention provides an apparatus and method capable of simultaneously monitoring the beam strength or relative strength of multiple cooperative target beams with different frequencies, or capable of multi-beam communication. This allows for the examination of information about the transmitted beams of cooperative targets in certain scenarios or applications, such as changes in beam strength or relative strength of different beams, or communication with receiver users using multiple cooperative beams. Furthermore, in some embodiments, the method provided in this application can achieve the reception and processing of multiple beam information through space optics, resulting in low resource overhead and suitability for communication or monitoring scenarios with a large number of beams. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structural principle of a device for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane according to an embodiment of this application, wherein 1 is a millimeter wave antenna unit; 2 is a low-noise amplifier; 3 is a first electro-optic modulator; 4 is a semiconductor optical amplifier; 5 is a laser; 6 is an optical fiber splitter; 7 is a non-uniform delay fiber array; 8 is an optical array module; 9 is a spatial filtering unit; 10 is an optical lens; and 11 is a focal plane detector.

[0019] Figure 2 The diagram below shows the structural principle of the channel phase control unit according to an embodiment of this application, wherein: 31 is a first polarization beam splitter; 32 is an optical beam splitter; 33 is a photoelectric detection array; 34 is an analog-to-digital converter; 35 is a phase deviation calculation unit; 36 is a digital-to-analog converter; 37 is a power amplifier; 38 is a second electro-optic modulator array; and 39 is a local oscillator reference light.

[0020] Figure 3This is a schematic diagram of the fiber cluster array layout of an optical array module according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein (a) is a two-dimensional layout and (b) is a one-dimensional layout.

[0021] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the imaging effect on the focal plane detector according to an embodiment of the present application, wherein (a) is a schematic diagram of the imaging effect of a linear array camera; (b) is a schematic diagram of the imaging effect of an area array camera; in the figure, 22 is a linear array camera; 23 is an area array camera / two-dimensional photoelectric detection array; 24 is the image spot corresponding to beam 1; 25 is the image spot corresponding to beam 2; 26 is the image spot corresponding to beam 3; 27 is the image spot corresponding to beam 4; and 28 is the image spot corresponding to beam 5. Detailed Implementation

[0022] The embodiments of this application will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0023] Some embodiments of this application describe a device for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane array, used to detect the relative intensity information of multiple millimeter-wave beams with different frequencies. The beam information may include intensity information, phase information, or waveform information of the millimeter-wave beams.

[0024] The device for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane array consists of, as follows: Figure 1 As shown. It includes a millimeter-wave antenna unit 1, configured to directly receive one or more millimeter-wave beams of different frequencies from the far field and convert them into a first electrical signal; the millimeter-wave antenna unit can be a single horn antenna, a patch antenna, or other antennas; a low-noise amplifier 2, connected to the millimeter-wave antenna unit, configured to amplify the first electrical signal; a first electro-optic modulator 3, connected to the low-noise amplifier, configured to modulate the millimeter wave onto the visible or infrared band, becoming an optical domain signal; this can be a phase modulator or an intensity modulator; a laser 5, connected to the electro-optic modulator, configured to generate a local oscillator light signal in the visible or infrared band; and a semiconductor optical amplifier 4, connected to the first electro-optic modulator. The system is configured to amplify the optical domain signal and output a high-power optical domain signal; the fiber optic splitter 6 is configured to split the high-power optical domain signal and output multiple optical domain signals, and may include input terminals and several output terminals; the non-uniform delay fiber array 7 has multiple fiber optic patch cords of different lengths, configured to apply different delays to the multiple optical domain signals output by the fiber optic splitter, and is connected to several output terminals of the fiber optic splitter through fiber optic flanges to form multiple fiber optic channels with different delays; the optical array module 8 consists of a fiber cluster array and a corresponding microlens array; wherein, the fiber cluster array is composed of fiber clusters arranged in a certain spatial pattern. Figure 3This diagram illustrates the layout of the fiber cluster array in both two-dimensional and one-dimensional configurations. The fiber cluster array and the non-uniform delay fiber array are connected via fiber flanges to project fiber light into free space. The microlens array is arranged in the same way as the fiber cluster array and is coupled and encapsulated with adhesive to collimate the beam emitted from the fiber cluster array. A spatial filtering unit 9, composed of one or more spatial filters, is configured to separate the carrier signal and sideband signal introduced by the electro-optic modulator. The sideband signal is transmitted as a useful signal and continues to propagate forward, while the carrier signal component is reflected backward. An optical lens 10 is configured to perform optical imaging on the transmitted signal from the spatial filtering unit. A focal plane detector 11, located at the focal plane of the optical lens, is configured to record the optical imaging results at a certain frame rate and transmit the signal to the data processing and information output unit.

[0025] In some embodiments of this application, the delay of multiple fiber channels with different delays in a non-uniform delay fiber array is related to the layout of the fiber cluster array. The delay of multiple fiber channels with different delays in a non-uniform delay fiber array is directly proportional to the spatial coordinate position of the corresponding unit in the first direction in the connected optical cluster array. For example... Figure 4 As shown, the focal plane detector is a two-dimensional shortwave infrared camera, a one-dimensional linear array shortwave infrared camera, or an optoelectronic receiver array. Millimeter-wave beams of different frequencies form image spots on the focal plane detector, with different frequencies corresponding to different positions on the detector. The image spots corresponding to different frequencies are arranged in a certain direction; the image spots can be stripes or dots, depending on factors such as... Figure 3 Is the two-dimensional layout of the fiber cluster array shown in section (a) still... Figure 3 The one-dimensional layout of the fiber cluster array shown in the middle (b) section.

[0026] For example, for five millimeter-wave beams, beams 1 to 5, the microwave frequencies of different beams are different, namely 34.1, 34.2, 34.3, 34.4, and 34.5 GHz, with a beam frequency interval of 0.1 GHz. Note that this interval can be changed, and the number of beams can also be increased; the above values ​​are for illustrative purposes only. The different frequency beams correspond to... Figure 4 The image shown is a point image on the camera, located on different pixels. For example, beams 1 to 5 correspond to... Figure 4 The image pixels are 24 to 28. Different pixels have different gray levels, and the magnitude of these gray levels represents the strength of the millimeter-wave beam signal. By comparing the strengths, the specific location of the aircraft in the beam space can be determined. This can be achieved using methods such as... Figure 4 The area scan camera shown in section (a) acquires images to detect intensity and waveform information; or uses... Figure 4 The high-speed two-dimensional photoelectric detection array in the middle (b) acquires images to detect intensity, phase and waveform information.

[0027] The first electro-optic modulator can be a phase modulator or an intensity modulator. The focal plane detector 11 can be a camera, especially a two-dimensional shortwave infrared camera or a one-dimensional shortwave infrared camera or an optoelectronic receiving array. The optoelectronic receiving array is especially a high-speed optoelectronic receiving array. The millimeter-wave antenna element can be a horn antenna or a patch antenna, and the number can be single.

[0028] The frequencies of the multiple millimeter-wave beams are all different. The spatial arrangement of the fiber cluster array is such that the length of the fiber channel in the corresponding non-uniform delay fiber array increases linearly in the vertical direction. The non-uniform delay fiber array and the fiber splitter may also include a channel phase control unit for controlling the phase of the multiple fiber channels with different delays to stabilize them at preset phases.

[0029] As described above, the multi-beam focal plane simultaneous receiving apparatus according to some embodiments of this application further includes a channel phase control unit for real-time closed-loop control of the phases of multiple optical fiber channels with different delays to stabilize them at a preset phase. For example... Figure 2 As shown, the channel phase control unit includes a photoelectric detection array 33, a phase setting unit for each channel, an analog-to-digital converter 34, a phase deviation calculation unit 35, a digital-to-analog converter 36, a power amplifier 37, a second electro-optic modulator array 38, and a reference signal light 39 split from the laser 5; wherein the electro-optic modulator array 33 is connected between the non-uniform delay fiber array 7 and the fiber cluster array of the optical array module 8 through a fiber flange; the carrier signal of the spatial filtering unit 9 split by the first polarization beam splitter 31 and one laser reference signal from the laser 5 are mixed in the optical beam splitter 32. The mixed signal is converted into photoelectric signal by photoelectric detector array 33 and digitized by analog-to-digital converter 34. The phase compensation signal is obtained by subtracting the target phase value of each channel phase setting unit from the phase deviation calculation unit 35. The phase compensation signal is transmitted to the second electro-optic modulator array 38 through digital-to-analog converter 36 and power amplifier 37. Each channel phase setting unit contains the preset phase of each channel in the multi-channel array. The photoelectric detector array 33 is a photoelectric conversion device with several detection sensitive units. The arrangement of the detection sensitive units is the same as that in the optical array module 8.

[0030] The steps of the method for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane according to some other embodiments of this application are as follows. This method can be implemented based on the above-described device for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane, or it can be implemented based on other similar devices.

[0031] Step S1: Receive one or more millimeter-wave beams of different frequencies in the far field and convert them into electrical signals. For example, cause one or more millimeter-wave beams in the far field to be incident on the multi-beam focal plane simultaneous receiving device and received by the millimeter-wave antenna unit to be converted into electrical signals.

[0032] Step S2: Amplify the electrical signal, for example, by using a low-noise amplifier;

[0033] Step S3: Modulate the amplified electrical signal onto the optical domain. For example, the amplified electrical signal is modulated onto the optical domain by the first electro-optic modulator to form an optical domain signal.

[0034] Step S4: Amplify the power of the optical signal; for example, amplify the power of the signal by means of a semiconductor optical amplifier after it is emitted from an optical fiber.

[0035] Step S5: The amplified optical signal is split into multiple signal beams by an optical fiber splitter. For example, the amplified optical signal is split into multiple signal beams by an optical fiber splitter.

[0036] Step S6, which couples each signal beam to a non-uniform delay fiber array and an optical array module to form a spatially collimated beam; for example, each signal beam is connected to the non-uniform delay fiber array through a fiber flange and then to the optical array module to form a spatially collimated beam.

[0037] Step S7: Spatial filtering is performed on the outgoing spatial collimated beam to transmit sideband signals and reflect carrier signals; for example, the outgoing spatial collimated beam is made to enter a spatial filtering unit for spatial filtering to transmit sideband signals and reflect carrier signals.

[0038] Step S8: Optical plane imaging is performed using the transmitted sideband signal and the obtained image data is recorded. For example, the transmitted sideband signal is imaged through an optical lens and recorded by a focal plane detector located at the focal plane of the optical lens, for example, by a camera.

[0039] Step S9: Analyze the recorded image data to obtain the beam information of the multiple millimeter-wave beams, for example, by transmitting the data to the data processing and information output unit for analysis to obtain the beam information of the multiple millimeter-wave beams.

[0040] In this application, the analysis to obtain the beam information of the multiple millimeter-wave beams is based on the following principle: millimeter-wave beams of different frequencies correspond to different positions on the focal plane detector and form corresponding light spots. After the device parameters are fixed, the position of each beam on the focal plane detector is only related to the millimeter-wave frequency of that beam and is independent of its spatial azimuth of arrival. Since the envisioned scenario is a cooperative beam target, the frequencies corresponding to different beams are known, so it is possible to directly know which millimeter-wave beam corresponds to the corresponding position on the focal plane detector. This can usually be obtained through pre-calibration. The millimeter-wave beam information includes the intensity information of the millimeter-wave beam. The intensity of different millimeter-wave beams is proportional to the grayscale of the corresponding light spot on the focal plane detector, which can be detected by a camera. In addition, the millimeter-wave beam information may also include the phase information or waveform information of the millimeter-wave beam. However, it is difficult for a camera to detect the phase information. In this case, a high-speed photoelectric receiving array should be used for the focal plane detector.

[0041] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention. These specific embodiments are different implementations based on the overall concept of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any variations or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention. The present invention can also be implemented through the following disclosed examples:

[0042] Example 1: A device for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane array, used to simultaneously monitor beam information of multiple millimeter-wave beams, comprising: a millimeter-wave antenna element configured to directly receive multiple far-field millimeter-wave beams and convert them into a first electrical signal, wherein the frequencies of the multiple millimeter-wave beams are different from each other; a low-noise amplifier configured to receive the first electrical signal from the millimeter-wave antenna element and amplify the first electrical signal; a laser configured to provide a local oscillator optical signal in the visible light or infrared band; and a first electro-optic modulator configured to receive the amplified first electrical signal from the low-noise amplifier. The system receives a local oscillator optical signal in the visible or infrared band from the laser and modulates the amplified first electrical signal onto the visible or infrared band to obtain an optical domain signal; a semiconductor optical amplifier is configured to receive the optical domain signal from the first electro-optic modulator, amplify the optical domain signal, and output a high-power optical domain signal; an optical fiber splitter is configured to receive the high-power optical domain signal, split the high-power optical domain signal, and output multiple optical domain signals, the optical fiber splitter including a single input terminal and several output terminals; the input terminal is connected to the output of the semiconductor optical amplifier; non-equal delay An optical fiber array, comprising multiple optical fiber patch cords of different lengths, configured to apply different delays to the transmission of the multiple optical domain signals output from the optical splitter, and connected to the output terminals of the optical fiber splitter via optical fiber flanges to form multiple optical fiber channels with different delays; an optical array module, composed of an optical fiber cluster array and a microlens array; the optical fiber cluster array is composed of optical fiber clusters arranged in a predetermined spatial pattern, connected to the non-uniform delay optical fiber array via optical fiber flanges, and configured to emit optical fiber light into free space; the microlens array is arranged in the same spatial pattern as the optical fiber cluster array. The optical fiber array is arranged in a specific pattern and coupled and encapsulated together with the optical fiber cluster array, and the beam emitted from the optical fiber cluster array is collimated; a spatial filtering unit, composed of one or more spatial filters, is configured to separate the carrier signal and sideband signal introduced by the first electro-optic modulator, so that the sideband signal is transmitted and continues to propagate forward, while the carrier signal component is reflected backward; an optical lens is configured to perform optical imaging on the sideband signal transmitted from the spatial filtering unit; a focal plane detector, located at the focal plane of the optical lens, is configured to record the optical imaging result signal at a certain frame rate.

[0043] Example 2, the apparatus according to Example 1, characterized in that: the first electro-optic modulator is a phase modulator or an intensity modulator.

[0044] Example 3, the apparatus according to Example 1, characterized in that: the spatial arrangement of the fiber cluster array is such that the length of the fiber channel in the corresponding non-equal delay fiber array in the vertical direction increases linearly.

[0045] Example 4, the device according to Example 1, characterized in that: the millimeter-wave antenna element is a horn antenna or a patch antenna, and the quantity is one.

[0046] Example 5, the apparatus according to Example 1, characterized in that: the focal plane detector is a two-dimensional shortwave infrared camera, a one-dimensional shortwave infrared camera, or an optoelectronic receiving array.

[0047] Example 6, the apparatus according to Example 1, is characterized in that a channel phase control unit is further included between the non-equal delay fiber array and the fiber splitter, for controlling the phase of the multiple fiber channels with different delays to stabilize them at preset phases respectively.

[0048] Example 7, the apparatus according to Example 6, is characterized in that: the channel phase control unit includes a photodetector array, a phase setting unit for each channel, an analog-to-digital converter, a phase deviation calculation unit, a digital-to-analog converter, a power amplifier, and a second electro-optic modulator array; wherein: the second electro-optic modulator array is connected between the non-uniform delay fiber array and the optical array module via an optical fiber flange; the carrier signal of the spatial filtering unit and a laser reference signal derived from the laser are mixed, photoelectrically converted by the photodetector array, and digitally sampled by the analog-to-digital converter, and then the phase deviation calculation unit calculates the difference with the target phase value of each channel phase setting unit to obtain a phase compensation signal, which is transmitted to the second electro-optic modulator array via the digital-to-analog converter and the power amplifier; each channel phase setting unit includes the preset phase of each of the multiple channels; the photodetector array is a photoelectric conversion device with several detection sensitive units, and the arrangement of the several detection sensitive units is consistent with the arrangement of the optical array module.

[0049] Example 8, the apparatus according to Example 1, characterized in that: the beam information includes the intensity information of the millimeter-wave beam, the phase information of the millimeter-wave beam, or the waveform information of the millimeter-wave beam.

[0050] Example 9, a method for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane, used to simultaneously monitor the beam information of multiple millimeter wave beams of different frequencies, characterized by the following steps: receiving and converting the multiple incident far-field millimeter wave beams into electrical signals; amplifying the electrical signal beams; modulating the amplified electrical signals onto an optical domain to obtain an optical domain signal; amplifying the power of the emitted optical domain signal; splitting the amplified optical domain signal to form multiple signal beams; coupling each signal beam to a non-uniform delay fiber array and an optical array module to form a spatially collimated beam; spatially filtering the spatially collimated beam to transmit sideband signals and reflect carrier signals; forming a planar image of the sideband signals and recording the planar image.

[0051] Example 10, according to the method of Example 9, characterized in that: each of the millimeter-wave beams corresponds to a different position of the planar image acquired by the focal plane detector and forms a corresponding light spot on the focal plane detector.

[0052] Example 11, according to the method of Example 10, characterized in that: the beam information includes the intensity information of the millimeter-wave beam, the phase information of the millimeter-wave beam, or the waveform information of the millimeter-wave beam; the intensity information of each millimeter-wave beam is determined by the gray value of the light spot collected by the focal plane detector; and the waveform information or the phase information of the millimeter-wave beam is obtained by the photoelectric receiving array.

[0053] Example 12, the method according to Example 10, characterized in that: the method is implemented based on the apparatus of any one of claims 1 to 8.

Claims

1. A device for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane array, used to simultaneously monitor the beam information of multiple millimeter-wave beams, characterized in that: include A millimeter-wave antenna unit is configured to directly receive multiple millimeter-wave beams in the far field and convert them into a first electrical signal, wherein the frequencies of the multiple millimeter-wave beams are different from each other; A low-noise amplifier configured to receive the first electrical signal from the millimeter-wave antenna unit and amplify the first electrical signal; A laser configured to provide a local oscillator light signal in the visible or infrared band. The first electro-optic modulator is configured to receive the amplified first electrical signal from the low-noise amplifier, receive the local oscillator light signal in the visible or infrared band domain from the laser, and modulate the amplified first electrical signal onto the visible or infrared band domain to obtain an optical domain signal. A semiconductor optical amplifier is configured to receive the optical domain signal from the first electro-optic modulator, amplify the optical domain signal, and output a high-power optical domain signal. An optical fiber splitter is configured to receive the high-power optical domain signal, split the high-power optical domain signal, and output multiple optical domain signals. The optical fiber splitter includes a single input terminal and several output terminals. The input terminal is connected to the output of the semiconductor optical amplifier. A non-uniform delay fiber array includes multiple fiber optic patch cords of different lengths, configured to apply different delays to the transmission of the multiple optical domain signals output by the optical splitter, and connected to the plurality of output terminals of the optical fiber splitter through optical fiber flanges to form multiple fiber optic channels with different delays. An optical array module is composed of an optical fiber cluster array and a microlens array; the optical fiber cluster array is composed of optical fiber clusters arranged in a predetermined spatial pattern, and is connected to the non-equal delay optical fiber array through an optical fiber flange, configured to emit optical fiber light into free space. The microlens array and the fiber cluster array are arranged in the same spatial arrangement and coupled and encapsulated together with the fiber cluster array, and the beam emitted from the fiber cluster array is collimated. The spatial filtering unit, consisting of one or more spatial filters, is configured to separate the carrier signal and sideband signal introduced by the first electro-optic modulator, such that the sideband signal is transmitted and continues to propagate forward, while the carrier signal component is reflected backward. An optical lens is configured to perform optical imaging of the sideband signal transmitted from the spatial filtering unit; A focal plane detector, located at the focal plane of the optical lens, is configured to record the result signal of the optical imaging at a certain frame rate.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first electro-optic modulator is a phase modulator or an intensity modulator.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spatial arrangement of the fiber cluster array is such that the length of the fiber channel in the corresponding non-equal delay fiber array in the vertical direction increases linearly.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The millimeter-wave antenna unit is either a horn antenna or a patch antenna, and the quantity is one.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The focal plane detector is a two-dimensional shortwave infrared camera, a one-dimensional shortwave infrared camera, or an optoelectronic receiving array.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that... The non-equal delay fiber array and the fiber splitter also include a channel phase control unit, which is used to control the phase of the multiple fiber channels with different delays to stabilize them at preset phases respectively.

7. The apparatus according to claim 6, characterized in that: The channel phase control unit includes a photoelectric detection array, a phase setting unit for each channel, an analog-to-digital converter, a phase deviation calculation unit, a digital-to-analog converter, a power amplifier, and a second electro-optic modulator array; wherein: The second electro-optic modulator array is connected between the non-uniform delay fiber array and the optical array module via a fiber optic flange; The carrier signal of the spatial filtering unit and a laser reference signal from the laser are mixed, then photoelectrically converted by the photodetector array and digitally sampled by the analog-to-digital converter. The phase compensation signal is obtained by subtracting the target phase value from the phase setting unit of each channel through the phase deviation calculation unit. The phase compensation signal is then transmitted to the second electro-optic modulator array through the digital-to-analog converter and the power amplifier. Each channel phase setting unit contains the preset phase of each of the multiple channels. The photoelectric detection array is a photoelectric conversion device with several detection sensitive units, and the arrangement of the several detection sensitive units is consistent with the arrangement of the optical array module.

8. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that: The beam information includes the intensity information of the millimeter-wave beam, the phase information of the millimeter-wave beam, or the waveform information of the millimeter-wave beam.

9. A method for simultaneously receiving millimeter waves based on a frequency-division multi-beam focal plane, used to simultaneously monitor the beam information of multiple millimeter wave beams of different frequencies, characterized in that... Including the following steps: The multiple millimeter-wave beams incident in the far field are received and converted into electrical signals; The electrical signal beam is amplified; The amplified electrical signal is modulated onto the optical domain to obtain an optical domain signal; The optical signal is amplified after being emitted. The amplified optical signal is split to form multiple signal beams; This allows each signal light to be coupled to a non-uniform delay fiber array and an optical array module, thereby forming a spatially collimated beam. The spatially collimated beam is spatially filtered to transmit sideband signals and reflect carrier signals; The sideband signal planar image is formed and the planar image is recorded.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that: This allows each millimeter-wave beam to correspond to a different position of the planar image acquired by the focal plane detector, and to form a corresponding light spot on the focal plane detector.

Images