Building water supply and drainage system based on building BIM

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of building engineering management, in particular to a building water supply and drainage system based on building BIM, which comprises a pipeline drawing generation module, an interface arrangement verification module, an arrangement space detection module, an operation data monitoring module and a fluid risk early warning module. In the application, the structured extraction of the BIM model realizes the standardized drawing mapping of the pipeline direction, size and node layout, ensures the complete consistency of the drawing output, automatically compares the interface offset, accurately identifies the abnormal arrangement, improves the installation accuracy, analyzes the space node clearance to predict the component conflict, assists in on-site coordination, monitors the flow velocity and pressure of the key drainage section, screens the abnormal nodes, archives the hydraulic state, analyzes the time sequence of the high-frequency risk points, labels the continuous abnormality, provides operation early warning support, constructs the closed-loop process of drawing generation, arrangement verification, space coordination and data feedback, and improves the construction design accuracy and system operation stability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of building engineering management technology, and in particular to a building water supply and drainage system based on building BIM. Background Technology

[0002] The field of construction project management technology encompasses the organization, planning, control, and coordination of the entire construction process. Its aim is to ensure optimal performance in terms of quality, safety, schedule, and cost. Core aspects of this technology include preliminary planning, construction scheme development, resource allocation, on-site organization, schedule management, cost accounting, contract management, and quality and safety control. In practical applications, construction project management, tailored to the type and characteristics of each project, utilizes refined, standardized, and systematic processes to dynamically manage and coordinate each stage, ensuring the achievement of goals at each construction phase. Among these, the building's water supply and drainage system, as a crucial component of building functionality, is one of the key professional engineering aspects requiring comprehensive coordination within construction project management.

[0003] Among them, the building water supply and drainage system refers to the water supply and drainage facilities and their piping systems installed in a building. It addresses matters such as the supply of domestic water and the discharge of sewage and wastewater within the building. Specifically, it includes the zonal piping layout, pressure regulation methods, water-saving accessories, valve control methods, and pipe connection structures of the water supply system. It also includes the layout of rainwater and sewage separation pipe networks, water seal and ventilation measures, sewage lifting and backflow prevention design in the drainage system. It is implemented through pipe structure design, water flow regulation methods, pressure distribution methods, and ventilation methods to ensure the stable operation of the water supply and drainage system within the building and to meet functional requirements.

[0004] Current technologies for water supply and drainage systems largely rely on manual experience for drawing and layout plan review, lacking methods for in-depth structured extraction of BIM model data. This makes it difficult to quickly extract precise positional relationships between nodes, resulting in low standardization of drawing content and unpredictable information errors. Interface layout checks are mostly done manually, making it difficult to accurately quantify alignment deviations and tolerance ranges. Interface misalignment issues are often only discovered during construction, increasing modification costs and construction time. In terms of spatial coordination, the use of two-dimensional drawing cross-review is common, making it difficult to identify spatial conflicts between components and pipelines in a three-dimensional manner. This is especially problematic in narrow areas such as corridors and channels, easily creating construction obstacles and affecting progress and project quality. Regarding operational data monitoring, traditional solutions are mostly limited to decentralized sampling, lacking the ability to analyze the temporal sequence of node behavior. They cannot track the evolution and regularity of abnormal behavior, and early warning mechanisms lack response accuracy and coverage depth, resulting in delayed problem detection and increasing potential risks to system operation. This can easily lead to inefficiency, error accumulation, and safety hazards in both construction execution and system operation. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the shortcomings of existing technologies by proposing a building water supply and drainage system based on building BIM.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a building water supply and drainage system based on building BIM includes:

[0007] The pipeline drawing generation module obtains water supply and drainage information from the building BIM model, including pipe routing, pipe diameter and connection arrangement, extracts the main pipe and branch pipe paths according to pipe classification, combines standard drawing templates, filters the positioning relationship of each node, maps the construction drawing layout structure of the pipe section, and generates water supply and drainage plan layout drawings.

[0008] Based on the water supply and drainage plan layout drawing, the interface layout verification module extracts the coordinates of the equipment interfaces and the offset values ​​of the connecting pipe sections, compares the alignment deviation and tolerance in the axial direction, filters the layout cases that deviate from the preset center line, and generates an interface offset layout list.

[0009] The layout space detection module extracts the location nodes of the water collection well, vertical corridor and slotted channel according to the interface offset layout list, analyzes the net distance and crossing status between the pipeline and adjacent components, determines whether there is overlap and insufficient space, identifies the interaction area between the component and the pipeline, and generates the pipeline component interference mark layer.

[0010] The operation data monitoring module calls the key drainage section number in the interference mark layer of the pipeline components, collects the pressure monitoring value and flow velocity data of the drainage nodes, classifies the changes in hydraulic state, extracts the nodes whose flow velocity deviates from the standard range, and obtains a list of abnormal flow distribution.

[0011] As a further embodiment of the present invention, the water supply and drainage plan layout drawing includes a pipe routing layer, pipe diameter dimension markings, node location numbers, drawing template codes, and layout scale information; the interface offset layout list includes interface coordinate offset values, alignment deviation values, tolerance comparison results, and abnormal layout identifiers; the pipeline component interference mark layer includes component intersection numbers, spatial clearance markings, crossing relationship diagrams, and overlapping area location information; and the abnormal flow distribution list includes abnormal node numbers, flow velocity deviation amplitudes, standard flow velocity ranges, and hydraulic state classification labels.

[0012] As a further aspect of the present invention, the pipeline drawing generation module includes:

[0013] The model parsing submodule obtains water supply and drainage information from the building BIM model, extracts pipe numbers, pipe diameters and spatial coordinates, detects the start and end points and the location of connectors based on node connection relationships, determines the main pipe and branch pipe path assignments according to pipe diameter and function grouping, and generates a set of building water supply and drainage zoning paths.

[0014] The path construction submodule calls the building water supply and drainage zone path set, reconstructs the path topology based on node coordinates and connection direction, identifies the spatial angle and pipe segment length of the branch pipe inlet point, determines the connection sequence, and obtains the building pipe network hierarchy diagram.

[0015] The drawing mapping submodule matches the drawing frame parameters and scale conversion values ​​in the standard drawing template according to the building pipe network hierarchy diagram, filters the node coordinates of the main pipe and branch pipe, calculates the offset values ​​of the plane projection coordinate group and adjacent connectors, rearranges the layout order of the connectors, and generates a water supply and drainage plan layout drawing.

[0016] As a further aspect of the present invention, the interface layout verification module includes:

[0017] Based on the water supply and drainage plan, the interface extraction submodule extracts the equipment interface number, coordinate position, and connector section interface identifier, identifies the coordinate difference in the X and Y directions of the corresponding interface, and obtains the interface coordinate difference.

[0018] The offset comparison submodule calls the interface coordinate difference and compares it with the set offset tolerance to identify the interface's offset in the axial direction, using the formula:

[0019] ;

[0020] Calculate the axial offset value of the interface, determine whether the offset exceeds the limit based on the offset tolerance benchmark value, extract the abnormal interfaces and summarize the numbers to obtain the abnormal offset interface identifier set;

[0021] in, Represents the X-coordinate of the i-th device interface. Let X be the X coordinate of the interface of the i-th device. Represents the Y-coordinate of the i-th device interface. The Y-coordinate of the interface of the i-th device This is the axial offset value of the interface;

[0022] The alignment and filtering submodule extracts the interface number and the coordinates of the center line of the layout diagram based on the abnormal offset interface identifier set, analyzes the angle between the offset direction and the center line, classifies the interface layout under different angles, and generates an interface offset layout list.

[0023] As a further aspect of the present invention, the arrangement space detection module includes:

[0024] The interface offset extraction submodule extracts the nodes of the water collection well, vertical corridor, and slotted channel components according to the interface offset layout list, adjusts the position coordinates and identifies the state after offset, and generates spatial node data of the offset components.

[0025] The clearance discrimination submodule calls the spatial node data of the offset component, and detects the distance from the boundary to the outer edge of the pipe based on the projection of the component node and the pipe axis and the pipe size, using the formula:

[0026] ;

[0027] Calculate the clearance determination value, compare it with the allowable clearance limit, determine the risk of spatial conflict, and obtain the clearance determination spatial range;

[0028] in, Represents the net distance determination quantity. For components Theoretical clearance from the boundary to the pipeline For components Horizontal offset value, For components Vertical offset value, For components The number of overlapping areas with the pipeline, Represents the number of components at net distance risk;

[0029] The interference mark generation submodule determines the spatial interval based on the net distance, extracts the component number and interactive pipe attributes, completes the layer mapping and identifies the interactive area, and generates the pipeline component interference mark layer.

[0030] As a further aspect of the present invention, the operation data monitoring module includes:

[0031] The node acquisition submodule calls the interference mark layer of the pipeline components, extracts the key drainage section number, matches the drainage node number, collects the corresponding node pressure monitoring value and flow velocity data, classifies and records them according to the number, and obtains the node monitoring data set.

[0032] The deviation identification submodule compares the flow rate of each node with the standard value range based on the node monitoring data set, records the node numbers and differences that exceed the upper and lower limits, and obtains a list of nodes with flow rate deviations.

[0033] The abnormal screening stator module calls the list of flow velocity deviation nodes, weights and integrates the flow velocity difference with the pressure monitoring value using the following formula:

[0034] ;

[0035] Calculate the node interference intensity value, filter the node numbers that are greater than the interference threshold value, and obtain a list of abnormal traffic distributions;

[0036] in, Represents the node interference intensity value. Represents the real-time flow rate value of the node. Represents the standard flow rate value of the node. Representative node Pressure monitoring values, , , The weight parameters set for node categories, This is the original stability adjustment coefficient for the drainage pipe section. This represents the total number of nodes.

[0037] As a further aspect of the present invention, the system also includes a fluid risk early warning module:

[0038] Based on the abnormal flow distribution list, the fluid risk early warning module selects the variable diameter section of the drainage riser, the backflow point of the inspection well and the overflow outlet node, identifies the duration and frequency of abnormal states according to the time sequence, judges the flow fluctuation nodes and marks potential risk points, and generates a node-level drainage early warning information set.

[0039] The node-level drainage early warning information set includes risk node identification codes, records of abnormal duration, frequency statistics, and early warning level classifications.

[0040] As a further aspect of the present invention, the fluid risk warning module includes:

[0041] The node fluctuation identification submodule extracts the flow data of water supply and drainage components through the BIM model based on the flow anomaly distribution list, identifies the flow mutation rate and duration, determines the start and end time and frequency of the abnormal state based on the flow threshold, and generates an abnormal node time sequence information group.

[0042] The risk warning submodule calls the component location and function data in BIM based on the abnormal node time sequence information group, filters nodes whose abnormal frequency and mutation rate exceed the threshold, analyzes the correlation strength and return path between nodes and pipe segments, judges the criticality of components in the network, and generates a node-level drainage warning information set.

[0043] Compared with the prior art, the advantages and positive effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0044] In this invention, by structurally extracting water supply and drainage information from the building BIM model, the layout of pipe routes, pipe diameters, and connectors is clarified. Combined with standard drawing templates and node positioning relationships, a clear construction drawing layout structure is mapped, ensuring the integrity and standard consistency of the output drawings. Automatic extraction of equipment interface coordinates and offset values, along with alignment deviation comparison, efficiently identifies abnormal interface layouts that deviate from the centerline, reducing on-site adjustments and improving interface installation accuracy. Based on interface offset information, net distance analysis and crossing status detection are performed on key spatial nodes such as sump pits, corridors, and trenches, enabling the prediction of spatial conflict points between pipelines and components, effectively assisting in spatial coordination during the construction phase. Furthermore, pressure and flow velocity monitoring of key drainage sections enables rapid screening of nodes with abnormal flow velocity and hydraulic status classification and archiving, ensuring the traceability and timeliness of abnormal data. By analyzing the time sequence of abnormal behaviors at key nodes such as the diameter-changing section of the drainage riser, the return point, and the overflow outlet, continuous abnormal states can be marked and high-frequency risk points can be extracted, providing early warning support for the safe operation of the drainage system. The overall solution constructs an integrated process that is data-driven, logically coherent, and has a closed feedback loop in terms of drawing generation, layout verification, spatial coordination, and data feedback, which enhances the accuracy of construction design, the timeliness of risk warning, and the stability of system operation. Attached Figure Description

[0045] Figure 1 This is a system flowchart of the present invention;

[0046] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of the pipeline drawing generation module in this invention;

[0047] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the interface layout verification module in this invention;

[0048] Figure 4 This is a flowchart of the layout space detection module in this invention;

[0049] Figure 5 This is a flowchart of the running data monitoring module in this invention;

[0050] Figure 6 This is a flowchart of the fluid risk warning module in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0051] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0052] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "length," "width," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientation or positional relationships, are based on the orientation or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, in the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0053] Please see Figure 1 A building water supply and drainage system based on building BIM includes:

[0054] The pipeline drawing generation module obtains water supply and drainage information from the building BIM model, including pipe routing, pipe diameter and connection arrangement, extracts the main pipe and branch pipe paths according to pipe classification, combines standard drawing templates, filters the positioning relationship of each node, maps the construction drawing layout structure of the pipe section, and generates water supply and drainage plan layout drawings.

[0055] The interface layout verification module is based on the water supply and drainage plan layout drawing, extracts the coordinates of the equipment interface and the offset value of the connecting pipe section interface, compares the alignment deviation and tolerance in the axial direction, filters the layout cases that deviate from the preset center line, and generates an interface offset layout list.

[0056] The layout space detection module extracts the location nodes of water collection wells, vertical corridors and slotted channels based on the interface offset layout list, analyzes the net distance and crossing status between pipelines and adjacent components, determines whether there is overlap and insufficient space, identifies the interaction area between components and pipelines, and generates pipeline component interference mark layer.

[0057] The operation data monitoring module calls the key drainage section number in the pipeline component interference mark layer, collects drainage node pressure monitoring values ​​and flow velocity data, classifies hydraulic state changes, extracts nodes whose flow velocity deviates from the standard range, and obtains a list of abnormal flow distribution.

[0058] The fluid risk early warning module is based on the list of abnormal flow distribution. It selects the variable diameter section of the drainage riser, the backflow point of the inspection well and the overflow outlet node, identifies the duration and frequency of abnormal states according to the time series, judges the flow fluctuation nodes and marks the potential risk points, and generates a node-level drainage early warning information set.

[0059] The water supply and drainage plan layout includes pipe routing layers, pipe diameter dimensions, node location numbers, drawing template codes, and layout scale information. The interface offset layout list includes interface coordinate offset values, alignment deviation values, tolerance comparison results, and abnormal layout indicators. The pipeline component interference mark layer includes component intersection numbers, spatial clearance markings, crossing relationship diagrams, and overlapping area location information. The abnormal flow distribution list includes abnormal node numbers, flow velocity deviation amplitudes, standard flow velocity ranges, and hydraulic state classification labels. The node-level drainage early warning information set includes risk node identification codes, abnormal duration records, frequency statistics, and early warning level classifications.

[0060] Please see Figure 2 The pipeline drawing generation module includes:

[0061] The model parsing submodule obtains water supply and drainage information from the building BIM model, extracts pipe numbers, pipe diameters and spatial coordinates, detects the start and end points and the location of connectors based on node connection relationships, determines the main pipe and branch pipe path assignments according to pipe diameter and function grouping, and generates a set of building water supply and drainage zoning paths.

[0062] Extracting water supply and drainage component information from model data, such as pipe numbers, pipe diameters, and their coordinates in 3D space, involves data reading and decoding. For example, the pandas library in Python is used to read the model file and extract a data frame containing water supply and drainage information. In this data frame, each row represents a pipe element, and the columns include the pipe number, pipe diameter, and spatial coordinates. Based on the connection node relationships of the pipes, the start and end nodes of the pipes are detected, and the positions of the connectors are marked. The spatial distance between the nodes is calculated, and the compatibility of the connectors is determined. For example, if the distance between the end nodes of two pipes is less than a certain threshold (e.g., 1 cm), the two pipes are considered connected. This threshold is set based on the accuracy requirements of actual construction. According to the function and diameter of the pipes, they are divided into main pipes and branch pipes. The classification operation involves comparing the pipe diameters; main pipes have larger diameters, and branch pipes have smaller diameters. Through the above process, the classification information of each pipe is obtained, generating a set of building water supply and drainage zoning paths. This result is a set that arranges the pipes according to their function and spatial location, providing a basis for subsequent system optimization and fault diagnosis.

[0063] The path construction submodule calls the building water supply and drainage zone path set, reconstructs the path topology based on node coordinates and connection direction, identifies the spatial angle and pipe segment length of the branch pipe merging point, determines the connection order, and obtains the building pipe network hierarchy diagram.

[0064] First, a topology reconstruction is performed on each pipeline path, that is, the pipeline network diagram is reorganized according to the connection sequence and direction of the pipelines. In practice, this involves serializing the spatial coordinate points and determining the position of each node in the pipeline network. Graph theory processing libraries such as NetworkX can help with node sorting and path construction. The length of each pipe segment and the angle at the connection point are calculated based on the spatial coordinates of the nodes, which involves basic triangulation calculations. For example, if two pipelines intersect at a node, the angle between the two pipelines needs to be calculated to determine the impact on fluid dynamics. The calculation results help determine the function and importance of each pipeline, thereby generating a more accurate branch structure diagram. This diagram shows in detail how the main and branch pipes are distributed and connected in the building, forming a hierarchical relationship diagram of the building's pipeline network. This diagram is very useful in the design and maintenance of building water supply and drainage systems, providing an intuitive view of the pipeline network distribution and structural hierarchy.

[0065] The drawing mapping submodule matches the drawing frame parameters and scale conversion values ​​in the standard drawing template with the hierarchical relationship diagram of the building pipe network, filters the node coordinates of the main pipe and branch pipe, calculates the offset values ​​of the plane projection coordinate group and adjacent connectors, rearranges the layout order of the connectors, and generates a water supply and drainage plan layout drawing.

[0066] First, the drawing frame parameters and scale related to the drawing template are read. This is an initialization process involving the standardization of drawing size and scale. For example, for a standard A1-sized drawing, the scale is set to 1:100. The coordinates of each node in the building pipe network hierarchy diagram are scaled proportionally, and its projection position on the drawing is calculated. This involves complex coordinate transformations and scale calculations to ensure that the position of each node accurately corresponds to its actual position on the drawing. The position adjustment of the connectors between nodes also needs to be considered. This is based on the actual physical position of the nodes and is fine-tuned to ensure the accuracy and usability of the drawing. A detailed building water supply and drainage plan is generated. This plan shows the specific layout of the water supply and drainage system in the entire building, providing direct visual reference and operation guide for construction and maintenance.

[0067] Please see Figure 3 The interface layout verification module includes:

[0068] The interface extraction submodule extracts the equipment interface number, coordinate position, and connector section interface identifier based on the water supply and drainage plan layout drawing, identifies the coordinate difference in the X and Y directions of the corresponding interface, and obtains the interface coordinate difference.

[0069] The process of identifying and extracting the device interface number and coordinates, combined with the data from the connector section interface identifier, relies on precise drawing analysis techniques to ensure the accuracy of the coordinate data. In practical applications, such as in construction management, engineers use BIM software to read and parse drawing information to ensure correct interface alignment. This involves calculating the coordinate differences between the device interface and the connector section interface in the X and Y directions. This step involves simple subtraction and absolute value operations to ensure intuitive data representation and a format easy for subsequent processing. For example, assuming the device interface's X-direction coordinate is 200mm and the connector section interface's X-direction coordinate is 195mm, the difference is 5mm. This value indicates a small deviation in the X-direction. Through dynamic data updates, the process continuously tracks changes in interface position and comprehensively calculates the interface coordinate difference. This provides the foundational data for subsequent offset comparisons. Ultimately, obtaining the interface coordinate difference is the key data output, directly impacting the accuracy and reliability of the entire system.

[0070] The offset comparison submodule calls the interface coordinate difference and compares it with the set offset tolerance to identify the interface's offset in the axial direction, using the formula:

[0071] ;

[0072] Calculate the axial offset value of the interface, determine whether the offset exceeds the limit based on the offset tolerance benchmark value, extract the abnormal interfaces and summarize the numbers to obtain the abnormal offset interface identifier set;

[0073] in, Represents the X-coordinate of the i-th device interface. Let X be the X coordinate of the interface of the i-th device. Represents the Y-coordinate of the i-th device interface. The Y-coordinate of the interface of the i-th device This is the axial offset value of the interface;

[0074] First, the interface coordinate difference is called, and the data is compared with the set offset tolerance value T to determine which interfaces have potential offset problems. In specific implementations, such as in the BIM model of a large commercial building project, error detection and deviation analysis are performed using automated software to calculate the specific offset value. ;

[0075] here, and These represent the coordinates of the i-th device interface and its interface in the X direction, respectively. and This represents the coordinate value in the Y direction. Specifically, let's assume the X-direction coordinate value of a set of interfaces is... mm and mm, Y-axis coordinate value mm and First, calculate the coordinate difference between the X and Y directions:

[0076] ;

[0077] ;

[0078] Substitute the difference value into the offset value calculation formula: ;

[0079] This value will be compared with the preset tolerance value T. Assuming T = 0.03, the comparison result will be as follows: ;

[0080] Due to the calculated offset value If the offset is less than the preset tolerance value T, the interface will not be marked as abnormal. This process not only reflects the actual offset measurement, but also intuitively displays the offset status through the digitization process. This method ensures the rigor and accuracy of the calculation. By checking the consistency of dimensions and the accurate application of the formula, the offset problems that need attention are effectively identified, and an abnormal offset interface identifier set is obtained, which can be directly used for subsequent alignment screening.

[0081] The alignment and filtering submodule extracts the interface number and layout centerline coordinates based on the abnormal offset interface identifier set, analyzes the angle between the offset direction and the centerline, classifies the interface layout under different angles, and generates an interface offset layout list.

[0082] The process of identifying and classifying interfaces that deviate from the preset centerline corresponds to further in-depth analysis of the building model using analysis software. For example, in an office building project, the software automatically identifies and marks the pipeline interfaces that need adjustment. Based on the offset interface number and the centerline coordinates of the layout drawing, the angle between the offset direction and the centerline is calculated. This angle calculation is done using simple geometric formulas, ensuring the accuracy of the calculation and the operability of the implementation. For example, if an interface offset angle is 15 degrees, this indicates an offset problem that requires special attention. An interface offset layout list is generated, providing an interface location diagram to guide the construction team in making corresponding adjustments. This list is based on a comprehensive analysis of the calculated offset data and interface location information, providing clear execution guidelines and correction schemes to ensure the accuracy of the construction process and the functionality of the building.

[0083] Please see Figure 4 The layout space detection module includes:

[0084] The interface offset extraction submodule extracts the nodes of the water collection well, vertical corridor, and slotted channel components according to the interface offset layout list, adjusts the position coordinates and identifies the state after offset, and generates spatial node data of the offset components.

[0085] Based on information from the interface offset layout list, such as specific location coordinates and related parameters, data extraction is performed on structural nodes of sump pits, vertical corridors, and slotted channels. This process involves exporting necessary component data from a complex Building Information Model (BIM). For example, in a typical commercial building construction scenario, the construction team needs to place pipelines or infrastructure according to the precise node locations provided by the BIM. For a planned commercial building, an automated script extracts the accurate coordinates and related dimensions of the vertical corridor. Engineers then use this data to guide on-site construction, ensuring all pipes and cables are correctly installed according to the design drawings. If the interface offset layout list indicates that the corridor needs to be moved 0.5 meters north to avoid conflict with the elevator shaft, the construction team will adjust the construction plan accordingly. This method can prevent potential spatial conflicts and design errors in the early stages of construction, saving time and costs. The final output of the offset component spatial node data provides an accurate basis for subsequent clearance determination.

[0086] The clearance discrimination submodule calls the spatial node data of the offset component, and based on the component node projection relative to the pipe axis and the pipe dimensions, detects the distance from the boundary to the outer edge of the pipe using the following formula:

[0087] ;

[0088] Calculate the clearance determination value, compare it with the allowable clearance limit, determine the risk of spatial conflict, and obtain the clearance determination spatial range;

[0089] in, Represents the net distance determination quantity. For components Theoretical clearance from the boundary to the pipeline For components Horizontal offset value, For components Vertical offset value, For components The number of overlapping areas with the pipeline, Represents the number of components at net distance risk;

[0090] Retrieving components from the building BIM system The three-dimensional coordinate information and corresponding spatial position parameters of the pipeline are collected, and the theoretical distance from the component boundary to the outer edge of the pipeline is acquired. Extract the lateral offset value of the component. With vertical offset value Obtain the number of spatially overlapping regions corresponding to it. The parameters are standardized in terms of units to ensure that all linear measurement parameters have consistent dimensions (uniformly in meters). In the specific implementation process, if the components... For vertical ventilation risers on the floor slab, their theoretical boundary distances can be directly read from the design drawings, such as when setting up... , , The actual offset values ​​obtained through laser scanning measurement or 3D modeling tools are respectively , , , , , The overlapping areas are all single-point conflicts, set , , ;

[0091] Expanding on each item:

[0092] For j=1: ;

[0093] For j=2: ;

[0094] For j=3: ;

[0095] Adding the three results together, we get: ;

[0096] The results show that the net distance between the three components and the adjacent pipeline is 2.0887m. If the allowable crossing distance limit is set at 1.50m, this value is within the safe range and no conflict is judged. If the result is less than the benchmark value, it is judged that there is an interference risk. Based on this, the construction management personnel can adjust the offset arrangement and re-analyze the spatial compatibility between the components and the pipeline.

[0097] By introducing the square root operation of horizontal and vertical offsets, the actual positional deviation of components in two-dimensional space is fully reflected. By normalizing the number of interactions between components and pipes, multiple complex conflict scenarios can be quantified and merged, providing a more stable spatial tolerance control index in the overall system. This index is used to uniformly judge the rationality of component layout and the sufficiency of clearance. The parameter sampling data is obtained through three-dimensional laser scanning or automatic extraction of BIM components. The parameter sampling data can be updated daily through a standardized scanning process to ensure parameter freshness and structural synchronization.

[0098] The interference mark generation submodule determines the spatial interval based on the net distance, extracts the component number and interactive pipe attributes, completes the layer mapping and identifies the interactive area, and generates the pipeline component interference mark layer.

[0099] Applying data to the actual interference marker generation process involves advanced graphics processing techniques to visually mark clearance risk areas on the BIM model. For example, in a construction project, the construction management team uses specialized software to update the model based on calculated clearances to determine spatial intervals. For instance, if a pipe is found to be too close to the structural frame, potentially affecting later maintenance or operational safety, the software automatically generates a red warning marker on the model. This marker not only clearly indicates the problem area but also details the specific component numbers and locations that require attention. This intuitive display of interference markers allows project managers to quickly identify risk areas that need priority, enabling timely adjustments to the design or construction plan during the construction process. Generating pipeline component interference marker layers provides the project team with a clear visual reference, ensuring the smooth progress of construction and the final safety of the building.

[0100] Please see Figure 5 The data monitoring module includes:

[0101] The node acquisition submodule calls the pipeline component interference mark layer, extracts the key drainage section number, matches the drainage node number, collects the corresponding node pressure monitoring value and flow velocity data, classifies and records them according to the number, and obtains the node monitoring data set.

[0102] Based on the pressure monitoring values ​​and flow velocity data of relevant nodes, drainage node numbers are matched and recorded according to the numbers. In actual building water supply and drainage systems, this process can be applied to large public buildings. Key drainage sections are marked using a BIM model, and sensors automatically collect real-time data from each key node. For example, in a typical shopping mall drainage system, sensors are deployed at the drainage outlets of each restroom and dining area to monitor the pressure and flow velocity of the drainage pipes in real time. Real-time data collection and classification provide basic data support for drainage system maintenance and anomaly early warning. Through monitoring data, staff can quickly locate nodes with blockages or leaks, allowing for early repair or replacement to avoid greater maintenance costs and potential safety risks. This embodiment provides a systematic solution that allows maintenance teams to perform preventative maintenance at a lower cost, thereby reducing the overall operating cost of the system and acquiring a set of node monitoring data.

[0103] The deviation identification submodule compares the flow rate of each node with the standard value range based on the node monitoring data set, records the node number and difference that exceed the upper and lower limits, and obtains a list of nodes with flow rate deviations.

[0104] By comparing the flow velocity of each node with its standard value range based on the node monitoring data set, the node number and difference exceeding the upper or lower limit are recorded. This can be considered for practical application scenarios such as the drainage system of a large office building. After acquiring the node data, the central control system analyzes whether the flow velocity of each node is within the normal operating range. For example, assuming the standard flow velocity range of the drainage nodes on a certain floor of an office building is 0.5 to 0.8 liters per second, if the flow velocity of a certain node suddenly drops to 0.3 liters per second through real-time data comparison, it is determined to be abnormal. Further analysis is conducted to determine the cause, such as pipe blockage or cracks. This process not only helps to detect problems in a timely manner, but also improves maintenance efficiency and system reliability through data-driven decision-making, and obtains a list of nodes with flow velocity deviations.

[0105] The abnormal screening stator module calls the list of flow velocity deviation nodes, weights and integrates the flow velocity difference with the pressure monitoring value using the following formula:

[0106] ;

[0107] Calculate the node interference intensity value, filter the node numbers that are greater than the interference threshold value, and obtain a list of abnormal traffic distributions;

[0108] in, Represents the node interference intensity value. Represents the real-time flow rate value of the node. Represents the standard flow rate value of the node. Representative node Pressure monitoring values, , , The weight parameters set for node categories, This is the original stability adjustment coefficient for the drainage pipe section. Indicates the total number of nodes;

[0109] Calculate the interference intensity value of each node, and filter based on the magnitude of the interference intensity value and the set interference threshold. This formula can be applied in complex industrial drainage systems, such as in the scenario where parameters... , , and These correspond to the influence weights of flow rate, pressure, data integration factor, and historical stability adjustment coefficient in different process flows. The specific values ​​of each parameter need to be obtained through the monitoring and analysis of actual data to ensure the accuracy and applicability of the calculation results.

[0110] For example, for a critical drainage node, assuming the weight of flow velocity is derived from historical data analysis... And the weight of pressure This reflects the relative importance of these two factors in the drainage system; the integration factor. It is determined through regression analysis based on pressure and flow rate monitoring data from multiple similar process nodes to ensure the efficiency of data fusion, and the historical stability adjustment coefficient. This was adjusted based on the node's anomaly records and maintenance frequency over the past year.

[0111] To further illustrate the application of the formula, let's take a concrete example: Suppose the standard flow velocity at a certain node... liters per second, measured flow rate Liters per second, measured pressure Pa;

[0112] Substitute the data into the formula: ;

[0113] Therefore, the interference intensity value of the node This value needs to be compared with the set interference limit value. If If the value exceeds the limit, for example, if the limit is set to 5, the node is marked as needing immediate inspection or maintenance, and a list of abnormal traffic distributions is generated.

[0114] Please see Figure 6 The fluid risk early warning module includes:

[0115] The node fluctuation identification submodule extracts flow data of water supply and drainage components from the BIM model based on the abnormal flow distribution list, identifies the flow mutation rate and duration, determines the start and end time and frequency of abnormal state based on the flow threshold, and generates abnormal node time sequence information group.

[0116] Flow data is extracted from riser diameter transition sections, manhole return points, and overflow outlet nodes. Data extraction is based on real-time sensor monitoring or historical flow data records. For example, a drainage system in a building project may include multiple risers with different diameters. Flow data can display the flow changes of each pipe section at different time points to identify whether there are abnormal flow fluctuations. This identification method relies on statistical analysis of flow data to calculate the average flow rate and standard deviation of each node over a certain period of time. Based on the statistical results, it is compared with the set flow threshold to determine whether the flow exceeds the normal fluctuation range. If the flow data of several consecutive measurement points exceeds the threshold, the flow of that node is considered abnormal. The duration and frequency of the continuous abnormality are determined by the number of time points that continuously exceed the threshold. This forms statistical information on the duration and frequency of the abnormal state of each node, generating an abnormal node time series information group. This information group records in detail the abnormal flow state of each node within a specific time period, providing basic data for subsequent analysis.

[0117] The risk warning submodule calls the component location and function data in BIM based on the abnormal node time sequence information group, filters nodes whose abnormal frequency and mutation rate exceed the threshold, analyzes the correlation strength and return path between nodes and pipe segments, judges the criticality of components in the network, and generates a node-level drainage warning information set.

[0118] By utilizing the time-series information of abnormal nodes, the flow anomaly data of each node is analyzed, especially those critical nodes whose anomaly frequency and mutation rate exceed preset thresholds. For accurate analysis, a flow anomaly impact analysis model can be used. This model considers the spatial location of nodes and the pipeline network structure. For example, if a node frequently experiences flow anomalies, the model will assess the impact of the anomaly on the surrounding pipeline network, including backflow prediction and overflow risk. The model assesses the criticality of each node in the network structure by calculating the connection strength between the node and adjacent pipe segments and the length of potential backflow paths. It calculates the spatial coordinates of the nodes and the pipeline network topology data. Based on the model analysis results, the critical risk nodes in the entire pipeline network are identified and classified according to the severity of the flow anomalies and their impact, generating a node-level drainage early warning information set. This list lists all critical risk nodes, providing specific location information and early warning levels, providing decision support for the maintenance and emergency response of the drainage system.

[0119] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any other way. Any person skilled in the art may make changes or modifications to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments that can be applied to other fields. However, any simple modifications, equivalent changes, and modifications made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A building water supply and drainage system based on building BIM, characterized by, The system comprises: The pipeline drawing generation module obtains water supply and drainage information in the building BIM model, including pipeline direction, pipe diameter size and connector arrangement, extracts main pipe and branch pipe paths according to pipeline classification, combines standard drawing templates, screens each node positioning relationship, maps the construction drawing layout structure of the pipe section, and generates a water supply and drainage horizontal plane layout drawing; The interface arrangement verification module extracts equipment interface coordinates and butt joint pipe section interface offset values based on the water supply and drainage horizontal plane layout drawing, compares the alignment deviation and tolerance in the axial direction, screens the arrangement deviating from the preset center line, and generates an interface offset arrangement list; The arrangement space detection module extracts the position nodes of the catch basin, vertical corridor and slotting channel according to the interface offset arrangement list, analyzes the clear distance and crossing state of the pipeline and the adjacent component, judges whether there is overlap and space shortage, identifies the component and pipeline interaction area, and generates a pipeline component interference marking layer; The operation data monitoring module calls the key drainage section number in the pipeline component interference marking layer, collects drainage node pressure monitoring values and flow rate data, classifies hydraulic state changes, extracts nodes deviating from the standard range of flow rate, and obtains a flow rate abnormal distribution list.

2. The building BIM-based building water and sewage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The water supply and drainage horizontal plane layout drawing comprises a pipeline direction layer, pipe diameter size annotations, node positioning numbers, drawing template codes and layout drawing scale information, the interface offset arrangement list comprises interface coordinate offset values, alignment deviation values, tolerance comparison results and abnormal arrangement identifiers, the pipeline component interference marking layer comprises component intersection numbers, spatial clear distance annotations, crossing relationship diagrams and overlap area positioning information, and the flow rate abnormal distribution list comprises abnormal node numbers, flow rate deviation amplitudes, standard flow rate interval ranges and hydraulic state classification labels.

3. The building BIM-based building water and sewage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pipeline drawing generation module comprises: The model analysis submodule obtains water supply and drainage information in the building BIM model, extracts pipeline numbers, pipe diameter sizes and spatial coordinates, detects start and end points and connector positions according to node connection relationships, judges the attribution of main pipe and branch pipe paths according to pipe diameter and function grouping, and generates a building water supply and drainage partition path set; The path construction submodule calls the building water supply and drainage partition path set, reconstructs path topology according to node coordinates and connection directions, identifies branch pipe inflow point spatial angles and pipe section lengths, judges connection sequences, and obtains a building pipeline network hierarchical relationship diagram; The drawing mapping submodule matches frame parameters and scale conversion values in the standard drawing template according to the building pipeline network hierarchical relationship diagram, screens main pipe and branch pipe node coordinates, calculates plane projection coordinate groups and adjacent connector offset values, rearranges connector layout sequences, and generates a water supply and drainage horizontal plane layout drawing.

4. The building BIM-based building water and sewage system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The interface arrangement verification module comprises: The interface extraction submodule extracts equipment interface numbers, coordinate positions and butt joint pipe section interface identifiers based on the water supply and drainage horizontal plane layout drawing, identifies the coordinate difference of the corresponding interface X and Y directions, and obtains the interface coordinate difference amount; The offset comparison submodule calls the interface coordinate difference amount, compares it with the set offset tolerance, identifies the interface offset in the axial direction, and uses the formula: ； An axial offset value of the interface is calculated, whether the offset is out of limit is judged according to an offset tolerance reference value, an abnormal interface is extracted and numbered, and an abnormal offset interface identification set is obtained; wherein, represents the X coordinate of the i-th device interface, is the X coordinate of the i-th device docking interface, represents the Y coordinate of the i-th device interface, is the Y coordinate of the i-th device docking interface, is the axial offset value of the interface; An alignment screening submodule extracts interface numbers and layout center line coordinates according to the abnormal offset interface identification set, analyzes an offset direction and an angle between the center line, classifies interface arrangement under different angles, and generates an interface offset layout list.

5. The building BIM-based building water and sewage system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The arrangement space detection module comprises: An interface offset extraction submodule extracts a water collecting well, a vertical corridor and a slotted channel component node according to the interface offset layout list, adjusts position coordinates and identifies a post-offset state, and generates offset component space node data; A clear distance discrimination submodule calls the offset component space node data, detects a distance from a boundary to a pipe outer edge according to a component node and a pipe axis projection and a pipe size, and uses a formula: ； A clear distance discrimination quantity is calculated, a space conflict risk is judged by comparing with a crossing allowable distance limit value, and a clear distance discrimination space interval is obtained; wherein, representing a clear distance determination quantity, is a component boundary to pipe theoretical clear distance, is a component lateral offset value, is a component vertical offset value, is a component number of overlapping areas with pipes, representing a clear distance risk component quantity; An interference marking generation submodule extracts component numbers and interactive pipe properties according to the clear distance discrimination space interval, completes layer mapping and marks an interactive region, and generates a pipeline component interference marking layer.

6. The building BIM-based building water and sewage system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The operation data monitoring module comprises: A node collection submodule calls the pipeline component interference marking layer, extracts a key drainage section number, matches a drainage node number, collects corresponding node pressure monitoring values and flow rate data, classifies and records by number, and obtains a node monitoring data set; A deviation identification submodule compares each node flow rate with a standard value interval according to the node monitoring data set, records node numbers and difference values that exceed upper and lower limits, and obtains a flow rate deviation node list; An abnormal screening submodule calls the flow rate deviation node list, integrates flow rate difference values and pressure monitoring values by weighting, and uses a formula: ； A node interference intensity value is calculated, node numbers greater than an interference limit value are screened, and a flow anomaly distribution list is obtained; wherein, representative node interference intensity value, representative node real-time flow rate value, representative node standard flow rate value, representative node pressure monitoring value, , , weight parameter set for node category, original stability adjustment coefficient for drainage pipe section, total number of nodes. 7.The building BIM-based building water and sewerage system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system further comprises a fluid risk early warning module: The fluid risk early warning module selects a drainage vertical pipe variable diameter section, a check well backflow point and an overflow port node based on the flow anomaly distribution list, identifies an abnormal state duration and frequency according to a time sequence, judges a flow fluctuation node and marks a potential risk point, and generates a node-level drainage early warning information set; The node-level drainage early warning information set comprises a risk node identification code, an abnormal duration record, frequency statistical data and an early warning level classification.

8. The building BIM-based building water and sewage system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The fluid risk early warning module comprises: A node fluctuation identification submodule extracts drainage component flow data through a BIM model based on the flow anomaly distribution list, identifies a flow mutation rate and a duration, judges abnormal state start and end time points and frequency according to a flow threshold value, and generates an abnormal node time sequence information group; A risk early warning submodule calls component position and function data in the BIM according to the abnormal node time sequence information group, screens nodes with abnormal frequency and mutation rate exceeding a threshold value, analyzes the correlation strength and backflow path between the nodes and pipe sections, judges the keyness of the components in the network, and generates a node-level drainage early warning information set.

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