Method and device for designing pre-forging cavity for three-step forging of weight-reducing groove revolving body part

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of pre-forging cavity design, and discloses a pre-forging cavity design method and device for three-step forging of a weight reduction groove rotary body part. The pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of the weight reduction groove rotary body part comprises the steps that the volume in a finish forging demarcation point and the volume outside the finish forging demarcation point are obtained, and the volume in an approximate pre-forging demarcation point and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging demarcation point are obtained; according to the volume inside the finish forging demarcation point, the volume outside the finish forging demarcation point, the volume inside the approximate pre-forging demarcation point and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging demarcation point, the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram is optimized, and a pre-forging step cavity diagram is obtained; according to the method, design deviation caused by human factors can be avoided, the overall optimality of the design is ensured, consumption of resources such as computing power and time is effectively reduced, the design efficiency and quality are improved, and reliable guarantee is provided for forging production of the weight reduction groove rotary body part.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pre-forging cavity design technology, specifically to a pre-forging cavity design method and apparatus for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part. Background Technology

[0002] Weight-reducing rotary parts are widely used in automotive transmission systems. Currently, they are formed using a three-step forging process: upsetting, pre-forging, and final forging. To ensure forming quality, a good pre-forging cavity design is essential. This design can improve the material filling capacity, reduce forming load, lower the risk of forging folding, flow through, and eddy currents, and extend the life of the forging die.

[0003] However, the commonly used three-step forging pre-forging cavity design methods for weight-reducing rotary parts include the reverse simulation method, the electric field method, and the iterative method. Among them, the reverse simulation method uses numerical simulation to simulate the forging process step by step in reverse. In practical use, this method faces the challenges of solving the velocity field, temperature field, and demolding boundary conditions, which involves a large amount of computation and high computing power requirements, making it difficult to apply on a large scale in actual production. The electric field method uses equipotential lines of different voltages to approximate the shapes of multiple pre-forging cavities, simulates multiple pre-forging cavities, and obtains the final pre-forging cavity. This process requires a lot of computing power and is time-consuming. The iterative method relies on the experience of forging process designers to design the pre-forging cavity. After multiple numerical simulation iterations and verifications, a pre-forging cavity without forging defects is obtained. This is currently a relatively mainstream method. However, this method relies on the experience of process designers and is prone to falling into the trap of local optima rather than global optima. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a pre-forging cavity design method and apparatus for three-step forging of weight-reducing groove rotary parts, so as to overcome the problems existing in the prior art. This invention can avoid design deviations caused by human factors, ensure the overall optimality of the design, effectively reduce the consumption of resources such as computing power and time, improve design efficiency and quality, and provide a reliable guarantee for the forging production of weight-reducing groove rotary parts.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0006] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part, comprising the following steps:

[0007] Step 1: Based on the dimensional information of the rotating part of the weight reduction groove, design the forging drawing, set the thermal expansion amount on the forging drawing, and obtain the final forging process cavity drawing;

[0008] Step 2: Obtain the blanking volume based on the final forging process cavity diagram. Take the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the final forging process cavity diagram as the final forging boundary point to obtain the volume inside the final forging boundary point and the volume outside the final forging boundary point.

[0009] Step 3: Obtain the height-to-diameter ratio of the micro-element in the final forging process cavity diagram, and design an approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram based on the height-to-diameter ratio of the micro-element.

[0010] Step 4: Take the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram as the approximate pre-forging boundary point to obtain the volume inside the approximate pre-forging boundary point and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point.

[0011] Step 5: Optimize the cavity diagram of the approximate pre-forging process based on the volume inside the final forging boundary point, the volume outside the final forging boundary point, the volume inside the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point to obtain the cavity diagram of the pre-forging process.

[0012] Furthermore, the formula for obtaining the blanking volume based on the cavity diagram of the final forging step specifically includes:

[0013]

[0014] In the formula, V b The volume of the blank is represented by f(x); the boundary line function of the cavity in the final forging step is represented by x; the boundary line of the cavity in the final forging step is represented by μ(x); the tolerance boundary line function of the cavity in the final forging step is represented by a; the origin of the coordinate axis of the cavity in the final forging step is represented by a; and the outermost termination point of the cavity in the cavity in the final forging step is represented by c.

[0015] Furthermore, the formula for determining the volume within and outside the final forging boundary point by taking the midpoint of the weight-reducing groove bottom in the final forging cavity diagram as the final forging boundary point specifically includes:

[0016]

[0017]

[0018] In the formula, V fi denoted by , a represents the volume within the final forging boundary point; a represents the origin of the coordinate axis in the final forging process cavity diagram; b represents the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the final forging process cavity diagram; f(x) represents the boundary line function of the final forging process cavity; μ(x) represents the tolerance boundary line function of the final forging process cavity; x represents the boundary line of the final forging process cavity; V fo 'c' represents the volume outside the final forging boundary point; 'c' represents the outermost termination point of the final forging cavity in the final forging process cavity diagram.

[0019] Furthermore, the step of obtaining the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio in the final forging step cavity diagram, and designing an approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram based on the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio, specifically includes the following formulas:

[0020] u(v) = β + αv;

[0021]

[0022] In the formula, u(v) represents the height-to-diameter ratio function of the final forging cavity element; β represents the material yield stress coefficient; α represents the material viscosity coefficient; v represents the height-to-diameter ratio of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; h represents the height of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; d represents the width of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; H represents the height of the final forging cavity element; and D represents the width of the final forging cavity element.

[0023] Furthermore, the formula for taking the midpoint of the bottom of the weight-reducing groove in the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram as the approximate pre-forging boundary point to obtain the volume within the approximate pre-forging boundary point and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point specifically includes:

[0024]

[0025] In the formula, V pi denoted by , a' represents the volume within the pre-forging boundary point; a' represents the origin of the coordinate axis in the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram; b' represents the midpoint of the bottom of the weight-reducing groove in the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram; X represents the boundary line of the approximate pre-forging step cavity; F(X) represents the boundary line function of the approximate pre-forging step cavity; V po denoted by ; M(X) represents the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point; M(X) represents the tolerance boundary line function of the approximate pre-forging process cavity; c' represents the outermost termination point of the approximate pre-forging process cavity in the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram;

[0026] Furthermore, the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram is optimized based on the volume within the final forging boundary point, the volume outside the final forging boundary point, the volume within the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point to obtain the pre-forging step cavity diagram. The specific formula includes:

[0027]

[0028] In the formula, V pi V represents the volume within the pre-forging boundary point; po V represents the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point; fi V represents the volume within the final forging boundary point; fo This represents the volume outside the final forging boundary point;

[0029] Furthermore, it also includes:

[0030] The maximum diameter of the upsetting blank is obtained based on the cavity diagram of the pre-forging process, thus realizing three-step forging.

[0031] Secondly, the present invention provides a pre-forging cavity design system for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part, comprising:

[0032] The final forging process cavity diagram design module is used to design the forging diagram based on the dimensional information of the rotating part of the weight reduction groove, set the thermal expansion amount on the forging diagram, and obtain the final forging process cavity diagram.

[0033] The module for obtaining the volume inside and outside the final forging boundary point is used to obtain the volume of the blanking according to the cavity diagram of the final forging process. The midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the cavity diagram of the final forging process is taken as the final forging boundary point to obtain the volume inside the final forging boundary point and the volume outside the final forging boundary point.

[0034] The approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram design module is used to obtain the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio in the final forging step cavity diagram and design the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram based on the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio;

[0035] The module for obtaining the volume inside and outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point is used to take the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the cavity diagram of the approximate pre-forging process as the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and obtain the volume inside the approximate pre-forging boundary point and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point.

[0036] The pre-forging process cavity diagram design module is used to optimize the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram based on the volume within the final forging boundary point, the volume outside the final forging boundary point, the volume within the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point, so as to obtain the pre-forging process cavity diagram.

[0037] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device including a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, wherein the processor executes the computer program to implement the steps of the above-described method.

[0038] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the above-described method.

[0039] The above technical solution has the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0040] Firstly, this invention provides a pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating body part. First, a forging drawing is designed based on the part dimensions, and thermal expansion is considered to obtain the final forging step cavity drawing. Then, the blanking volume and the volumes inside and outside the dividing point are determined based on this. Next, an approximate pre-forging step cavity drawing is designed based on the aspect ratio of the micro-element, and the corresponding volumes inside and outside the dividing point are obtained. Finally, these volume data are used to optimize the approximate pre-forging step cavity drawing, thereby obtaining the final pre-forging step cavity drawing. The entire process is logically clear and the steps are well-defined, avoiding design deviations caused by human factors and ensuring the overall optimality of the design. At the same time, it reduces unnecessary calculations and repeated modifications, lowers the reliance on the designer's experience, and effectively reduces the consumption of computing power and time resources, improving design efficiency and quality, and providing a reliable guarantee for the forging production of weight-reducing groove rotating body parts.

[0041] Furthermore, by precisely considering key factors such as the boundary line function, tolerance boundary line function, and coordinate range of the cavity in the final forging step through the formula, the volume of the blank can be accurately calculated, so as to obtain the finite element simulation verification input for the final forging cavity and the approximate pre-forging cavity.

[0042] Furthermore, by setting the midpoint of the bottom of the weight-reducing groove in the final forging step cavity diagram as the dividing point, and using formulas to calculate the volume inside and outside the dividing point respectively, the volume of the final forging step cavity is accurately divided. This helps to analyze the volume characteristics of different parts of the cavity in more detail, providing a key basis for the subsequent pre-forging cavity design. Precise volume data allows designers to better grasp the material flow and filling situation, optimize the pre-forging cavity structure, and avoid forging defects caused by unreasonable volume distribution. At the same time, the formula calculation method is scientific and standardized, reducing human interference, improving the consistency and accuracy of the design, reducing the over-reliance on the designer's experience, and effectively improving the efficiency and quality of the three-step forging pre-forging cavity design for the weight-reducing groove rotating part.

[0043] Furthermore, by introducing the aspect ratio function of the final forging cavity micro-element, and comprehensively considering the material yield stress coefficient and material viscosity coefficient, the characteristics of the material during the forging process can be reflected more scientifically, making the designed approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram more in line with actual forging requirements. The establishment of the aspect ratio formula and the aspect ratio formula of the approximate pre-forging cavity micro-element provides a quantitative basis for the size design of the pre-forging cavity, which helps to optimize the cavity structure, ensure that the material can flow uniformly during forging, and reduce forging defects. At the same time, this design method based on material properties reduces the dependence on the designer's experience, improves the accuracy and reliability of the design, reduces trial and error costs, and improves the overall efficiency and quality of the three-step forging of the weight-reducing groove rotating body parts.

[0044] Furthermore, by setting the midpoint of the bottom of the weight-reducing groove in the approximate pre-forging cavity diagram as the dividing point, and using formulas to calculate the volume inside and outside the dividing point respectively, a precise quantitative analysis of the volume of the approximate pre-forging cavity is achieved. This helps designers gain a deeper understanding of the volume distribution in different parts of the cavity, providing key data support for subsequent optimization of the pre-forging cavity structure. Precise volume calculation ensures reasonable material flow during forging, reduces forging defects caused by uneven volume distribution, and improves the forging quality of parts. At the same time, the formula calculation method is scientific and standardized, reducing errors caused by human factors, reducing designers' over-reliance on experience, improving design efficiency and accuracy, effectively reducing production costs, and enhancing the overall efficiency of the three-step forging of the weight-reducing groove rotating body parts.

[0045] Furthermore, by setting the proportional relationship between the volumes inside and outside the boundary point between the approximate pre-forging and final forging processes, a clear and scientific quantitative standard is provided for optimizing the cavity diagram of the approximate pre-forging process. Among them, the overall volume ratio is controlled within the range of 1.04 to 1.06, ensuring a reasonable match between the pre-forging cavity and the final forging cavity in terms of total volume, which helps the material to flow evenly and fill fully during the forging process. Meanwhile, the volume ratio within the boundary point is controlled within the range of 1.02 to 1.025, which further optimizes the volume distribution of key parts of the pre-forging cavity, reduces the generation of forging defects. The optimization method based on volume ratio reduces the dependence on the designer's experience, improves the accuracy and reliability of the design, and effectively improves the quality and efficiency of the three-step forging of the weight-reducing groove rotating body parts.

[0046] Furthermore, accurately calculating the maximum diameter of the billet in the upsetting process allows for better control over the degree of deformation and material flow direction of the billet during subsequent pre-forging and final forging processes. This results in higher dimensional accuracy and a shape that better meets design requirements for the final weight-reducing rotary part, reducing dimensional deviations and shape defects caused by unreasonable billet dimensions.

[0047] Secondly, this invention provides a pre-forging cavity design system for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part. Each module has a clear division of labor and works collaboratively, avoiding the tedious steps and repetitive labor of manual design. It can quickly and efficiently complete the entire process from the final forging cavity drawing design to the pre-forging cavity drawing optimization, greatly shortening the design cycle. The automated design process of the system reduces the requirements for the experience and skills of designers. Even inexperienced personnel can complete the pre-forging cavity design work with the help of this system. At the same time, it avoids design deviations caused by human factors, making the design more standardized and regulated.

[0048] Thirdly, the present invention provides a computer device that, through a processor executing a specific computer program, can efficiently implement the steps of the method of the present invention. When performing data processing tasks, the computer device can accurately perform numerical calculations and logical judgments, avoiding errors caused by human factors. At the same time, since the computer program has high stability and reliability, it can ensure the accuracy and consistency of the data processing results.

[0049] Fourthly, the present invention provides a computer-readable storage medium. By programming the steps of the method of the present invention into a computer program and storing it on the computer-readable storage medium, users can easily load these programs onto any compatible computer device and execute them without rewriting or converting the code, which greatly improves the convenience and flexibility of program execution. Attached Figure Description

[0050] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of the pre-forging cavity design method for the three-step forging of the weight-reducing groove rotating body part of the present invention;

[0051] Figure 2 This is a flowchart illustrating the pre-forging cavity design method for the three-step forging of the weight-reducing groove rotating body part of the present invention.

[0052] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate axes for the final forging process cavity diagram of the present invention;

[0053] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the coordinate axes for the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram of the present invention;

[0054] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the traditional three-step forging process;

[0055] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the computer device of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0056] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments. These descriptions are for explanation purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.

[0057] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0058] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," etc., in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this invention are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate so that the embodiments of the invention described herein can be implemented in orders other than those illustrated or described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion; for example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units not explicitly listed or inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatus.

[0059] Example:

[0060] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 This invention provides a pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part, comprising the following steps:

[0061] Step 1: Based on the dimensional information of the rotating part of the weight reduction groove, design the forging drawing (blank drawing), set the thermal expansion amount on the forging drawing, and make local tolerance adjustments to obtain the final forging process cavity drawing.

[0062] Preferably, the dimensional information includes material grade, inner hole diameter, maximum outer diameter, thickness, and weight reduction groove depth;

[0063] Step 2: Obtain the blanking volume V based on the final forging process cavity diagram. b Taking the midpoint b of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the final forging process cavity diagram as the final forging boundary point, the volume V within the final forging boundary point is obtained. fi Volume V outside the final forging boundary point fo ;

[0064] For details, see Figure 3 A coordinate system is established with the central axis of the final forging cavity as the y-axis, the radial direction as the x-axis, and the origin as a, where b is the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove of the final forging cavity, and c represents the outermost termination point of the final forging cavity; since the forging process follows the principle of constant volume, the blanking volume V is calculated by equation (1). b This facilitates the finite element simulation verification input for obtaining the final forging cavity and the approximate pre-forging cavity;

[0065]

[0066] In the formula, V b f(x) represents the volume of the blank; f(x) represents the boundary line function of the cavity in the final forging step. Figure 3The curve of the upper and middle die section (i.e., the part within the green box); x represents the boundary line of the cavity in the final forging step; μ(x) represents the tolerance boundary line function of the cavity in the final forging step. Figure 3 The curves of the middle and lower die and the outer sidewall (i.e., the part in the yellow box); a represents the origin of the coordinate axis of the final forging step cavity diagram; c represents the outermost termination point of the final forging step cavity in the final forging step cavity diagram;

[0067] Taking the midpoint b of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the final forging cavity as the dividing point, the volume V within the final forging dividing point is calculated according to equations (2) and (3). fi Volume V outside the final forging boundary point fo ;

[0068]

[0069] In the formula, V fi denoted by , a represents the volume within the final forging boundary point; a represents the origin of the coordinate axis in the final forging process cavity diagram; b represents the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the final forging process cavity diagram; f(x) represents the boundary line function of the final forging process cavity; μ(x) represents the tolerance boundary line function of the final forging process cavity; x represents the boundary line of the final forging process cavity; V fo 'c' represents the volume outside the final forging boundary point; 'c' represents the outermost termination point of the final forging cavity in the final forging process cavity diagram.

[0070] Step 3: Obtain the height-to-diameter ratio of the micro-element in the final forging process cavity diagram, and design an approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram based on the height-to-diameter ratio of the micro-element.

[0071] Specifically, based on the viscosity, yield stress, inclusion defects of raw materials, deformation loading rate of production equipment, deformation temperature production, and a large amount of upsetting test data of different grades of materials, billets with different height-to-diameter ratios are determined to obtain the parameters α and β of the linear relationship between the height-to-diameter ratio of the micro-element of the final forging process cavity and the height-to-diameter ratio of the micro-element of the pre-forging process cavity. Since the height-to-diameter ratio of the micro-element of the final forging cavity and the height-to-diameter ratio of the micro-element of the pre-forging cavity are positively correlated and linearly related, as shown in equations (4) to (6), an approximate pre-forging cavity is designed based on the above positive correlation. The sharp points of the approximate pre-forging cavity are rounded according to the forging die design requirements to obtain the pre-forging cavity.

[0072] u(v)=β+αv; (4)

[0073]

[0074] In the formula, u(v) represents the aspect ratio (radius ratio) function of the final forging cavity element; β represents the yield stress coefficient of the material (a coefficient related to yield stress, raw material inclusions, deformation loading rate, and deformation temperature in material properties); α represents the viscosity coefficient of the material (a coefficient related to viscosity, raw material inclusions, deformation loading rate, and deformation temperature in material properties); v represents the aspect ratio (radius ratio) of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; h represents the height of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; d represents the width of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; H represents the height of the final forging cavity element; and D represents the width of the final forging cavity element.

[0075] Step four: Take the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram as the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and obtain the volume V within the approximate pre-forging boundary point. pi The volume V outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point po ;

[0076] For details, see Figure 4 A coordinate system is established with the central axis of the approximate pre-forging cavity as the Y-axis, the radial direction as the X-axis, and the origin as a'. Here, b' is the midpoint of the bottom of the weight-reducing groove of the approximate pre-forging cavity, and c' represents the outermost termination point of the approximate pre-forging cavity. The volume V within the pre-forging boundary point is calculated according to equations (7) and (8). pi The volume V outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point po ;

[0077]

[0078] In the formula, V pi a' represents the volume within the pre-forging boundary point; b' represents the origin of the coordinate axis in the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram; X represents the boundary line of the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram; F(X) represents the boundary line function of the approximate pre-forging step cavity. Figure 4 The upper part of the curve (i.e., the part within the green box); V po M(X) represents the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point; M(X) represents the tolerance boundary line function of the approximate pre-forging process cavity. Figure 4 The curve of the lower die and the outer sidewall (i.e., the part in the yellow box); c' represents the outermost termination point of the approximate pre-forging step cavity in the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram;

[0079] Step 5: Based on the volume V within the final forging boundary point fi Volume V outside the final forging boundary point fo Volume V within the approximate pre-forging boundary point pi The volume V outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point po The approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram is optimized to obtain the pre-forging process cavity diagram;

[0080] Specifically, the calculation results of equations (1) to (8) must satisfy equations (9) and (10), which well guarantees the V-shaped shape in the final forging cavity. fi When fully charged, V fo It was just filled;

[0081]

[0082] In the formula, V pi V represents the volume within the pre-forging boundary point; po V represents the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point; fi V represents the volume within the final forging boundary point; fo This represents the volume outside the final forging boundary point;

[0083] Step 6: Obtain the maximum diameter of the billet for the upsetting step based on the cavity diagram of the pre-forging step, thus realizing the three-step forging process;

[0084] Specifically, since it is a three-step forging process, it is also necessary to obtain the maximum diameter of the blank in the upsetting step. According to the forging requirements, the upset blank is placed into the pre-forging cavity and positioned by the outer circle. Therefore, a small gap is left in the diameter to obtain the maximum diameter of the blank in the upsetting step, thus realizing the three-step forging process.

[0085] Through the above steps, the pre-forging cavity for the three-step forging of the weight-reducing groove rotating body part is obtained. See [link / reference]. Figure 5 Compared with the traditional three-step forging process, this invention can reduce the reliance on the designer's experience, avoid falling into the trap of local optima instead of global optima during the design process, and reduce the consumption of resources such as computing power and time.

[0086] In one embodiment of the present invention, a pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part is provided using MATLAB and AutoCAD, including the following steps:

[0087] Step 1: Based on the dimensional information of the weight-reducing groove rotating body part with material grade 20CrMnTiH3, design the forging drawing (blank drawing), set the thermal expansion amount on the forging drawing, and make local tolerance adjustments to obtain the final forging process cavity drawing.

[0088] Step 2: Obtain the blanking volume V based on the final forging process cavity diagram. b Taking the midpoint b of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the final forging process cavity diagram as the final forging boundary point, the volume V within the final forging boundary point is obtained. fi Volume V outside the final forging boundary point fo ;

[0089]

[0090] In the formula, V bdenoted by ; f(x) represents the boundary line function of the cavity in the final forging step; x represents the boundary line of the cavity in the final forging step; μ(x) represents the tolerance boundary line function of the cavity in the final forging step; a represents the origin of the coordinate axis in the cavity diagram of the final forging step; b represents the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the cavity diagram of the final forging step; c represents the outermost termination point of the cavity in the cavity diagram of the final forging step; V fi V represents the volume within the final forging boundary point; fo This represents the volume outside the final forging boundary point;

[0091] Step 3: Obtain the height-to-diameter ratio of the micro-element in the final forging process cavity diagram, and design an approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram based on the height-to-diameter ratio of the micro-element.

[0092] u(v) = 2.782v - 0.778;

[0093]

[0094] In the formula, u(v) represents the aspect ratio (radius ratio) function of the final forging cavity element; β represents the yield stress coefficient of the material (a coefficient related to yield stress, raw material inclusions, deformation loading rate, and deformation temperature in material properties); α represents the viscosity coefficient of the material (a coefficient related to viscosity, raw material inclusions, deformation loading rate, and deformation temperature in material properties); v represents the aspect ratio (radius ratio) of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; h represents the height of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; d represents the width of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; H represents the height of the final forging cavity element; and D represents the width of the final forging cavity element.

[0095] When calculating the approximate pre-forging cavity, it is assumed that the width D of the final forging cavity micro-element is equal to the width d of the approximate pre-forging cavity micro-element, thus obtaining the approximate pre-forging micro-element height h:

[0096] h = 0.3595H + 0.389D;

[0097] Finally, the approximate pre-forging cavity follows the principle of constant volume. The approximate pre-forging element height h is obtained from h = 0.3595H + 0.389D. The approximate pre-forging cavity is drawn, the corners are rounded, and the local tolerances are adjusted to obtain the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram.

[0098] Step four: Take the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram as the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and obtain the volume V within the approximate pre-forging boundary point. pi The volume V outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point po ;

[0099]

[0100] In the formula, V pidenoted by , a' represents the volume within the pre-forging boundary point; a' represents the origin of the coordinate axis in the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram; b' represents the midpoint of the bottom of the weight-reducing groove in the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram; X represents the boundary line of the approximate pre-forging step cavity; F(X) represents the boundary line function of the approximate pre-forging step cavity; V po denoted by ; M(X) represents the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point; M(X) represents the tolerance boundary line function of the approximate pre-forging process cavity; c' represents the outermost termination point of the approximate pre-forging process cavity in the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram;

[0101] Step 5: Based on the volume V within the final forging boundary point fi Volume V outside the final forging boundary point fo Volume V within the approximate pre-forging boundary point pi The volume V outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point po The approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram is optimized to obtain the pre-forging process cavity diagram;

[0102]

[0103] In the formula, V pi V represents the volume within the pre-forging boundary point; po V represents the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point; fi V represents the volume within the final forging boundary point; fo This represents the volume outside the final forging boundary point;

[0104] Step 6: Obtain the maximum diameter of the billet for the upsetting step based on the cavity diagram of the pre-forging step, thus realizing the three-step forging process;

[0105] Specifically, since it is a three-step forging process, it is also necessary to obtain the maximum diameter of the blank in the upsetting step. According to the forging requirements, the upset blank is placed into the pre-forging cavity and positioned by the outer circle. Therefore, a small gap is left in the diameter to obtain the maximum diameter of the blank in the upsetting step, thus realizing the three-step forging process.

[0106] In one embodiment of the present invention, a pre-forging cavity design system for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part is provided, comprising:

[0107] The final forging process cavity diagram design module is used to design the forging diagram based on the dimensional information of the rotating part of the weight reduction groove, set the thermal expansion amount on the forging diagram, and obtain the final forging process cavity diagram.

[0108] The module for obtaining the volume inside and outside the final forging boundary point is used to obtain the volume of the blanking according to the cavity diagram of the final forging process. The midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the cavity diagram of the final forging process is taken as the final forging boundary point to obtain the volume inside the final forging boundary point and the volume outside the final forging boundary point.

[0109] The approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram design module is used to obtain the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio in the final forging step cavity diagram and design the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram based on the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio;

[0110] The module for obtaining the volume inside and outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point is used to take the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the cavity diagram of the approximate pre-forging process as the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and obtain the volume inside the approximate pre-forging boundary point and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point.

[0111] The pre-forging process cavity diagram design module is used to optimize the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram based on the volume within the final forging boundary point, the volume outside the final forging boundary point, the volume within the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point, so as to obtain the pre-forging process cavity diagram.

[0112] See Figure 6 In one embodiment of the present invention, a computer device is provided, comprising a processor and a memory. The memory stores a computer program, which includes program instructions. The processor executes the program instructions stored in the computer storage medium. The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, discrete hardware components, etc. It is the computing and control core of the terminal, and is suitable for implementing one or more instructions, specifically suitable for loading and executing one or more instructions in the computer storage medium to realize a corresponding method flow or corresponding function. The processor described in this embodiment of the present invention can be used for the operation of the pre-forging cavity design method for the three-step forging of a weight-reducing rotary part.

[0113] In one embodiment of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, specifically a computer-readable storage medium (Memory), which is a memory device in a computer device used to store programs and data. It is understood that the computer-readable storage medium here can include both the built-in storage medium in the computer device and extended storage media supported by the computer device. The computer-readable storage medium provides storage space containing the terminal's operating system; and the storage space also contains one or more instructions suitable for loading and execution by a processor. These instructions can be one or more computer programs (including program code). It should be noted that the computer-readable storage medium here can be a high-speed RAM memory or a non-volatile memory, such as at least one disk storage device. The processor can load and execute one or more instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium to implement the corresponding steps of the pre-forging cavity design method for the three-step forging of the weight-reducing groove rotating body part in the embodiment.

[0114] Those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments of the present invention can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present invention can take the form of a completely hardware embodiment, a completely software embodiment, or an embodiment combining software and hardware aspects. Moreover, the present invention can take the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) containing computer-usable program code.

[0115] This invention is described with reference to flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams of methods, apparatus (systems), and computer program products according to embodiments of the invention. It should be understood that each block of the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, and combinations of blocks in the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, special-purpose computer, embedded processor, or other programmable data processing apparatus to produce a machine, such that the instructions, which execute via the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing apparatus, generate instructions for implementing the flowchart illustrations and / or block diagrams. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in one or more boxes.

[0116] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to function in a particular manner, such that the instructions stored in the computer-readable storage medium produce an article of manufacture including instruction means, which are implemented in a process Figure 1One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0117] These computer program instructions may also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing equipment to cause a series of operational steps to be performed on the computer or other programmable equipment to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing instructions that execute on the computer or other programmable equipment for implementing the process. Figure 1 One or more processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps of the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0118] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features therein; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Based on the dimensional information of the rotating part of the weight reduction groove, the forging drawing is designed, the thermal expansion amount is set on the forging drawing, and the final forging process cavity drawing is obtained. The volume of the blank is obtained from the cavity diagram of the final forging process. The midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the cavity diagram of the final forging process is taken as the final forging boundary point, and the volume inside the final forging boundary point and the volume outside the final forging boundary point are obtained. Obtain the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio in the final forging step cavity diagram, and design an approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram based on the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio; The midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram is taken as the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and the volume inside the approximate pre-forging boundary point and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point are obtained. The cavity diagram of the approximate pre-forging process is optimized based on the volume within the final forging boundary point, the volume outside the final forging boundary point, the volume within the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point to obtain the cavity diagram of the pre-forging process.

2. The pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for obtaining the blanking volume based on the cavity diagram of the final forging step specifically includes: V b =2π∫ a c x[f(x)-μ(x)]dx In the formula, V b denoted by ; f(x) represents the boundary line function of the final forging step cavity; x represents the boundary line of the final forging step cavity; μ(x) represents the tolerance boundary line function of the final forging step cavity; a represents the origin of the coordinate axis of the final forging step cavity diagram; c represents the outermost termination point of the final forging step cavity in the final forging step cavity diagram.

3. The pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for determining the volume within and outside the final forging boundary point by taking the midpoint of the weight reduction groove bottom in the final forging cavity diagram as the final forging boundary point includes: V fi =2π∫ a b x[f(x)-μ(x)]dx; V fo =2π∫ b c x[f(x)-μ(x)]dx; In the formula, V fi denoted by , a represents the volume within the final forging boundary point; a represents the origin of the coordinate axis in the final forging process cavity diagram; b represents the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the final forging process cavity diagram; f(x) represents the boundary line function of the final forging process cavity; μ(x) represents the tolerance boundary line function of the final forging process cavity; x represents the boundary line of the final forging process cavity; V fo 'c' represents the volume outside the final forging boundary point; 'c' represents the outermost termination point of the final forging cavity in the final forging process cavity diagram.

4. The pre-forging cavity design method for a three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part according to claim 1, characterized in that, The step of obtaining the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio in the final forging step cavity diagram, and designing an approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram based on the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio, specifically includes the following formulas: u(v) = β + αv; In the formula, u(v) represents the height-to-diameter ratio function of the final forging cavity element; β represents the material yield stress coefficient; α represents the material viscosity coefficient; v represents the height-to-diameter ratio of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; h represents the height of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; d represents the width of the approximate pre-forging cavity element; H represents the height of the final forging cavity element; and D represents the width of the final forging cavity element.

5. The pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part according to claim 1, characterized in that, The formula for using the midpoint of the bottom of the weight-reducing groove in the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram as the approximate pre-forging boundary point to obtain the volume within and outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point includes: In the formula, V pi denoted by , a' represents the volume within the pre-forging boundary point; a' represents the origin of the coordinate axis in the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram; b' represents the midpoint of the bottom of the weight-reducing groove in the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram; X represents the boundary line of the approximate pre-forging step cavity; F(X) represents the boundary line function of the approximate pre-forging step cavity; V po denoted by ; M(X) represents the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point; M(X) represents the tolerance boundary line function of the approximate pre-forging process cavity; c' represents the outermost termination point of the approximate pre-forging process cavity in the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram.

6. The pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part according to claim 1, characterized in that, The pre-forging process cavity diagram is optimized based on the volume within the final forging boundary point, the volume outside the final forging boundary point, the volume within the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point, to obtain the pre-forging process cavity diagram. The specific formula includes: In the formula, V pi V represents the volume within the pre-forging boundary point; po V represents the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point; fi V represents the volume within the final forging boundary point; fo This represents the volume outside the final forging boundary point.

7. The pre-forging cavity design method for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The maximum diameter of the upsetting blank is obtained based on the cavity diagram of the pre-forging process, thus realizing three-step forging.

8. A pre-forging cavity design system for three-step forging of a weight-reducing groove rotating part, characterized in that, include: The final forging process cavity diagram design module is used to design the forging diagram based on the dimensional information of the rotating part of the weight reduction groove, set the thermal expansion amount on the forging diagram, and obtain the final forging process cavity diagram. The module for obtaining the volume inside and outside the final forging boundary point is used to obtain the volume of the blanking according to the cavity diagram of the final forging process. The midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the cavity diagram of the final forging process is taken as the final forging boundary point to obtain the volume inside the final forging boundary point and the volume outside the final forging boundary point. The approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram design module is used to obtain the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio in the final forging step cavity diagram and design the approximate pre-forging step cavity diagram based on the micro-element height-to-diameter ratio; The module for obtaining the volume inside and outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point is used to take the midpoint of the bottom of the weight reduction groove in the cavity diagram of the approximate pre-forging process as the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and obtain the volume inside the approximate pre-forging boundary point and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point. The pre-forging process cavity diagram design module is used to optimize the approximate pre-forging process cavity diagram based on the volume within the final forging boundary point, the volume outside the final forging boundary point, the volume within the approximate pre-forging boundary point, and the volume outside the approximate pre-forging boundary point, so as to obtain the pre-forging process cavity diagram.

9. A computer device comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

10. A computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, characterized in that, When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the steps of the method as described in any one of claims 1-7.

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