Photovoltaic power generation system using wind farm land and transfer channel

Abstract

The invention, which relates to the technical field of new energy power generation, discloses a photovoltaic power generation system using a wind power plant ground and a transmission channel, comprising a wind turbine generator group with a reinforced platform, and a photovoltaic array which is distributed below a fan base platform, a wind power plant road and a power transmission corridor and adopts an adjustable double-sided double-glass assembly with an inclination angle of 15-35 degrees. The wind-solar coupling device comprises a mechanical connection mechanism (a fixed support and a maintenance channel) and an electrical coupling unit (a multi-port converter integrated output is connected to a booster station), the dynamic power regulation and control system (comprising an output prediction module and the like) based on wind-solar complementarity, and the current collection circuit with the current-carrying capacity is designed according to the wind-solar maximum superposition power. According to the system, land occupation and power transmission cost are reduced through collaborative layout, output fluctuation ratio is reduced through dynamic regulation and control, power grid acceptance capability is improved, generating capacity is improved through intelligent design, loss is reduced, energy recovery is realized, operation and maintenance cost is reduced, and the problems of resources, stability and efficiency in new energy development are effectively solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of new energy power generation technology, specifically to a photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of the new energy industry, wind power and photovoltaic power generation, as important components of clean energy, have become a core direction for global energy transition through large-scale development. However, existing wind power and photovoltaic development models and technological systems still face many problems that urgently need to be addressed, mainly in the following aspects:

[0003] Traditional wind and solar power systems typically employ independent site selection and separate construction. Wind farms, due to turbine spacing requirements, often have large amounts of idle land within the site (such as around turbine bases and along maintenance roads); solar power plants, on the other hand, require dedicated tracts of land, leading to significant waste of land resources. Furthermore, their transmission lines are usually planned and constructed independently, resulting in redundant investment in line towers, substations, and other facilities. This not only increases project construction costs but also hinders large-scale grid connection due to land approval constraints and the scarcity of transmission resources.

[0004] Wind power output is significantly affected by wind speed and direction, while photovoltaic power generation depends on sunlight intensity and angle; both exhibit strong intermittency and randomness. Currently, wind and solar power often operate independently, lacking a coordinated control mechanism. When wind speed or sunlight changes abruptly, output fluctuations can reach 30%-50%, easily causing grid frequency and voltage deviations from rated values, and even triggering relay protection actions. Although some projects use energy storage devices to mitigate fluctuations, the limited capacity and high cost make it difficult to fundamentally solve the stability problem of combined wind and solar power output, severely restricting the grid acceptance rate of new energy power.

[0005] When photovoltaic (PV) modules are installed in wind farms, they are easily shaded by wind turbine blades, resulting in power generation losses (power loss can reach over 15% when the shading rate exceeds 20%). Existing fixed-tilt supports cannot dynamically avoid shading. Meanwhile, dust accumulation on the surface of PV modules further reduces conversion efficiency, and traditional manual or timed mechanical cleaning methods are costly and lack precision in timing. Furthermore, when wind and solar power are combined, curtailment is common, especially with solar power not being effectively recovered, resulting in energy waste. The inertia support capabilities of wind and solar power are not utilized synergistically, and there is a lack of rapid response compensation mechanisms when grid frequency fluctuates, further impacting the system's economic efficiency and reliability.

[0006] In summary, existing wind and solar power systems have significant shortcomings in terms of land resource utilization, output stability control, and operation and maintenance efficiency, making it difficult to meet the demands for efficient, economical, and stable grid connection of new energy sources. Therefore, developing a technological system capable of achieving coordinated layout, dynamic regulation, and efficient operation of wind and solar power has become a critical issue that urgently needs to be addressed in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies and provide a photovoltaic power generation system that utilizes wind farm sites and transmission channels. This invention reduces land occupation and lowers transmission costs by synergistically deploying wind and photovoltaic power; it achieves wind-solar complementarity through a dynamic control system, significantly reducing output fluctuation rate and improving grid acceptance capacity; and it increases power generation and reduces power loss through intelligent design, achieving energy recovery and reducing the entire life cycle operation and maintenance cost, effectively solving the resource, stability, and efficiency problems in new energy development.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: In one aspect, a photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farm sites and transmission channels, the system comprising:

[0009] The wind turbine group consists of multiple wind turbines, and each turbine base area is equipped with a reinforcement platform;

[0010] The photovoltaic array is distributed on the ground below the wind turbine base reinforcement platform, wind farm roads and power transmission corridors. The photovoltaic array adopts double-sided double-glass modules with adjustable tilt angle, and the tilt angle adjustment range is 15°–35°.

[0011] The wind-solar coupling device includes a mechanical connection mechanism and an electrical coupling unit; the mechanical connection mechanism fixes the photovoltaic bracket to the wind turbine base reinforcement platform to form an integrated wind turbine-photovoltaic structure, and the bottom of the photovoltaic bracket has a reserved maintenance channel for wind turbine components; the electrical coupling unit integrates wind power and photovoltaic output through a multi-port converter and connects to the existing substation of the wind farm;

[0012] The dynamic power regulation system, based on the spatiotemporal complementarity of wind and solar resources, generates a coordinated control strategy, including:

[0013] (1) Wind and solar power output prediction module: input meteorological data and historical power output curves, and output the predicted values ​​of wind and solar power generation for the next 72 hours;

[0014] (2) Inertia support module: When the power grid frequency fluctuates, the virtual inertia compensation power is calculated using formula (1).

[0015] Among them, K w K is the kinetic energy release coefficient of the fan rotor. pf is the photovoltaic frequency regulation coefficient, f is the real-time frequency, and f0 is the reference frequency;

[0016] The power distribution module dynamically adjusts the output ratio of wind power and photovoltaic power according to formula (2):

[0017]

[0018] Where α is the wind power output weighting coefficient, β is the transmission channel capacity margin factor, and P pv Provide real-time power for photovoltaics. This represents the maximum power output of photovoltaics.

[0019] The power collection line adopts a double-circuit structure with a shared tower. The upper layer transmits wind power, and the lower layer transmits photovoltaic power. The line current carrying capacity is designed based on the maximum superimposed power of wind and solar power.

[0020] Furthermore, in the aforementioned integrated wind turbine-photovoltaic structure, the photovoltaic support is connected to the wind turbine base via a hinge mechanism, which includes:

[0021] The vertical shaft bears the vibration load of the wind turbine tower;

[0022] The tilt adjuster dynamically adjusts the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module according to the solar altitude angle and the shading rate. The shading rate γ is calculated by formula (3):

[0023]

[0024] Among them, A shadow Let A be the projected area of ​​the wind turbine blades. total The total area of ​​the photovoltaic modules; when γ > 20%, the tilt avoidance strategy is activated.

[0025] Furthermore, the multi-port converter includes:

[0026] The wind power input port connects to the rotor-side converter of the doubly fed wind turbine.

[0027] Photovoltaic input port, connected to string inverter;

[0028] A DC busbar and a parallel supercapacitor bank form a short-time energy storage unit.

[0029] The grid-connected output port is connected to the booster station after synchronization via a phase-locked loop; the converter uses model predictive control to smooth power fluctuations, and the objective function is shown in formula (4):

[0030]

[0031] Where i represents the index of the discrete time step in the prediction time domain, and N p The prediction time-domain step size is set to 10–30, λ is the DC current fluctuation suppression weighting coefficient, and its value is set to 0.1–0.5. Pgridref [i] represents the grid-connected power reference value for the i-th step, P grid [i] represents the actual grid-connected power at step i, ΔI dc [i] represents the change in DC bus current at step i.

[0032] Furthermore, the ground-based photovoltaic array beneath the power transmission corridor is regularly dusted using an intelligent cleaning robot. The robot's path is determined by a dust accumulation index D. c control:

[0033] An array of optical sensors is installed on the wind turbine tower to monitor the light transmittance T of the components in real time.

[0034] Calculate D using formula (5) c :

[0035]

[0036] Where T0 is the transmittance in the clean state, and P loss P is the current power loss rate. rated Rated power;

[0037] When D c When the value is greater than 0.3, the robot is triggered to perform zoned cleaning.

[0038] Furthermore, when the wind turbine is operating at limited power, the inertia support module provides voltage support by adjusting the reactive power output of the photovoltaic inverter, with a reactive power compensation amount Q. comp Determined by formula (6):

[0039]

[0040] Among them, K q For voltage-regulated gain, U ref U is the reference voltage, U is the grid connection point voltage, and S is the reference voltage. pv For photovoltaic capacity, This represents the total installed capacity.

[0041] Furthermore, the power collection line is equipped with a power flow reversal channel. When the wind power output suddenly drops, the photovoltaic power generation sends power back to the wind power collection line via a DC / AC converter, with a maximum reverse power P. backfeed Calculate according to formula (7):

[0042]

[0043] in, For the thermal stability limit of the line, This refers to the rated capacity of the wind farm.

[0044] Furthermore, the system also includes a wind-solar coupling monitoring terminal, installed at the bottom of each wind turbine tower, to collect data in real time.

[0045] Photovoltaic module temperature and irradiance;

[0046] Vibration acceleration of wind turbine tower;

[0047] The stress on the support structure; data is uploaded to the dynamic power control system via power line carrier communication when the vibration acceleration > 5 m / s². 2 At that time, the photovoltaic support vibration reduction control is triggered.

[0048] Furthermore, the dynamic power control system activates a wind-driven photovoltaic cleaning mode at night:

[0049] The redundant power of the fan is used to power the cleaning robot;

[0050] Robot walking speed v and wind speed v wind Satisfies formula (8):

[0051] v = K wind ·v wind (0.5≤k≤1.2) (8),

[0052] Where K wind This is the wind energy utilization rate coefficient.

[0053] On the other hand, a method for coordinated control of photovoltaic power generation utilizing wind farm sites and transmission channels includes the following steps:

[0054] S1: Obtain wind power output for the next 72 hours via the wind and solar power output prediction module. and photovoltaic power

[0055] S2: Formula (9) is used to calculate the transmission channel utilization rate η.

[0056]

[0057] in, The maximum allowable transmission capacity of the collector line is determined based on the thermal stability limit of the conductor and voltage drop constraints.

[0058] S3: If η < 70%, operate in maximum power point tracking mode; if η ≥ 85%, activate the light-wasting priority strategy.

[0059] S4: Monitor the power grid frequency f in real time. When |Δf|>0.2Hz, call the inertia support module to output ΔP. v ;

[0060] S5: Update the power allocation weight α every 30 minutes to ensure that the combined output fluctuation rate σ of wind power and photovoltaic power satisfies formula (10):

[0061]

[0062] Furthermore, the light-wasting priority strategy in step S3 includes:

[0063] Prioritize reducing the irradiance of the inclined surface to below 500 W / m 2 The output of the photovoltaic unit;

[0064] Reserve at least 10% of photovoltaic capacity as backup frequency regulation resources;

[0065] The wasted solar power is converted into supercapacitor charging power, with a charging efficiency of over 92%.

[0066] Compared with existing technologies, this photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels has the following advantages:

[0067] I. This invention achieves spatiotemporal complementary and coordinated control of wind and solar resources through a dynamic power regulation system: On the one hand, it dynamically adjusts the operation mode based on 72-hour output prediction and transmission channel utilization (e.g., prioritizing maximum power tracking when utilization is low and initiating curtailment strategy when utilization is high); on the other hand, through an inertia support module (virtual inertia compensation), a multi-port converter (power fluctuation smoothing control), and a power flow mutual assistance channel (PV power feedback when wind power drops), the combined output fluctuation rate of wind and solar is controlled within 5%, which is more than 60% lower than the fluctuation rate of single wind or PV power generation. This significantly improves the grid acceptance capacity of new energy power and solves the technical problem of poor grid stability caused by large fluctuations in wind and solar output.

[0068] II. This invention improves operational efficiency through a series of intelligent designs: the tilt angle of photovoltaic modules can be dynamically adjusted according to the solar altitude angle and shading rate (avoidance is initiated when the shading rate is >20%), increasing power generation by 8%-12%; the intelligent cleaning robot performs precise operations based on the dust accumulation index (cleaning is triggered when >0.3), reducing power loss by more than 15%; cleaning is driven by the redundant power of the wind turbine at night, reducing additional energy consumption; the abandoned solar power is stored in a supercapacitor (charging efficiency >92%) to achieve energy recovery. The above designs reduce the system's full life cycle operation and maintenance costs, solving the technical problems of low operating efficiency and high operation and maintenance costs of wind-solar hybrid systems.

[0069] Third, this invention achieves the coordinated layout of wind power and photovoltaic power in the same geographical space by distributing photovoltaic arrays on the wind turbine base reinforcement platform, the ground below the wind farm road and the power transmission corridor, and adopting a double-circuit structure for the collection lines (wind power transmission on the upper layer and photovoltaic power transmission on the lower layer). Compared with the traditional model of separate site selection and construction of wind power and photovoltaic power, it can reduce the land occupation area, reuse the original power transmission channel resources, reduce the investment cost of new power transmission lines, and solve the technical problems of scarce land resources and high channel construction costs in new energy development.

[0070] Other advantages, objectives and features of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be apparent to those skilled in the art from the following examination or study, or may be learned from the practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0071] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the accompanying drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative effort.

[0072] Figure 1 A control flowchart for the dynamic power regulation system of a photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels;

[0073] Figure 2 A flowchart illustrating the dynamic adjustment process of the tilt angle of photovoltaic modules in a photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels;

[0074] Figure 3 A flowchart for smoothing power fluctuation control of multi-port converters in photovoltaic power generation systems utilizing wind farms and transmission channels. Detailed Implementation

[0075] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided below.

[0076] I. System Overall Architecture

[0077] This embodiment discloses a photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farm sites and transmission channels. Its core lies in achieving coordinated operation of wind and solar power through the spatiotemporal complementarity of wind and solar resources. Specifically, it comprises five core components: wind turbine clusters, photovoltaic arrays, wind-solar coupling devices, a dynamic power regulation system, and power collection lines. The specific structure and connection relationships of each component are as follows:

[0078] II. Specific configuration of components

[0079] Wind turbine cluster:

[0080] Twenty GW155-4.5MW doubly-fed wind turbines are used, each with a rated power of 4.5MW, a hub height of 120m, and a blade diameter of 155m. Each wind turbine has a reinforced platform on top of its concrete base. The platform is made of C30 reinforced concrete and measures 8m × 8m × 0.3m (length × width × thickness). The surface is covered with a 3mm thick anti-slip steel plate to support the vertical load of the photovoltaic support structure.

[0081] Photovoltaic array:

[0082] Layout areas: ① Three rings of photovoltaic modules are arranged around the wind turbine base reinforcement platform, with 12 modules in each ring; ② A single row of photovoltaic modules is arranged within 1.5m on both sides of the 6m wide maintenance road in the wind farm; ③ Photovoltaic arrays are arranged at 5m intervals within a 50m wide area below the 220kV transmission corridor.

[0083] Module Selection: JKM450N-6RL3 bifacial double-glass photovoltaic modules are used, with dimensions of 1960mm×992mm×30mm, open-circuit voltage of 38.5V, short-circuit current of 15.2A, and maximum output power of 450W. The modules are mounted using aluminum alloy brackets, with a tilt angle adjustment range of 15°–35°. The adjustment is driven by a 57HS22 stepper motor, with an adjustment accuracy of ±1° and a response time of ≤5s.

[0084] Wind-solar coupling device:

[0085] Mechanical connection mechanism: The photovoltaic support bracket and the wind turbine base are connected via a hinge mechanism, which includes a vertical rotating shaft and a tilt adjuster. The vertical rotating shaft is made of 45# steel, with a diameter of 150mm and a length of 300mm. It is fixed to the pre-embedded steel plate in the base via a bearing seat and can withstand a horizontal vibration load of ±5kN (corresponding to a wind turbine tower vibration acceleration ≤5m / s²). 2 The tilt adjuster has a built-in angle sensor (model WDD35D4) that monitors the tilt angle of the component in real time and dynamically adjusts it according to the solar altitude angle (obtained through a GPS module and astronomical algorithm) and the shading rate.

[0086] Electrical coupling unit: It adopts a customized multi-port converter (capacity 2MW), including 3 wind power input ports (connected to the rotor-side converter of the doubly-fed wind turbine), 8 photovoltaic input ports (connected to the string inverter), 1 1000V DC bus (connected in parallel to a 100kWh supercapacitor bank, single unit model ECE-50V-100F) and 1 grid-connected output port (connected to the 35kV step-up substation after synchronization via a phase-locked loop of model DP83848).

[0087] Dynamic power regulation system:

[0088] Built on Siemens S7-1200 PLC controller, integrating the following modules:

[0089] Wind and solar power output prediction module: Input meteorological data (wind speed, irradiance, and temperature, collected by the VaisalaWXT520 weather station installed on the top of the wind turbine tower) and the power output curve of the past 30 days, and use an LSTM neural network model to output the power prediction value for the next 72 hours, with a prediction error of ≤8%.

[0090] Inertia Support Module: The grid frequency is monitored in real time by a power analyzer of model Fluke1738. When the frequency fluctuates, the virtual inertia compensation power is calculated according to formula (1), where the wind turbine rotor kinetic energy release coefficient K w =0.8 (corresponding to rotor speed 12–18 rpm), photovoltaic frequency regulation coefficient K p =0.5 (corresponding to inverter response time ≤20ms), reference frequency f0 =50Hz.

[0091] Power distribution module: The wind power output weighting coefficient α is updated every 30 minutes using formula (2), where the maximum output power of photovoltaic power is... The transmission channel capacity margin factor β is calculated from component temperature (monitored by PT100 sensor) and real-time irradiance as follows: (line rated capacity - current transmission power) / line rated capacity.

[0092] Collection line:

[0093] The line adopts a double-circuit 220kV transmission line with shared towers. The towers are ZB2 type straight-line towers with a total height of 35m. The upper conductor is JL / G1A-400 / 35, transmitting wind power; the lower conductor is JL / G1A-240 / 30, transmitting photovoltaic power. The line current carrying capacity is designed based on the maximum combined wind and solar power (20 wind turbines at full capacity + photovoltaic power at full capacity = 90MW + 40MW = 130MW). Thermal stability calculations determine the current carrying capacity to be 630A, and the maximum allowable conductor temperature is 70℃.

[0094] III. System Collaborative Operation Process

[0095] Shadow occlusion control:

[0096] The projected area Ashadow of the wind turbine blade is calculated from the blade rotation speed (collected by the encoder) and the solar azimuth angle. When the shading rate γ calculated by formula (3) is greater than 20% (such as when the blade projection covers the component area of ​​25% at noon), the tilt angle adjuster automatically adjusts the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module from 25° to 35°, so that γ drops below 15%.

[0097] Multiport converter control:

[0098] Model predictive control algorithm is used to smooth power fluctuations, with a prediction time step N. p=20, DC current fluctuation suppression weight coefficient λ=0.3, minimize the objective function according to formula (4) so ​​that the grid-connected power fluctuation amplitude is ≤±2% of the rated value.

[0099] Intelligent cleaning control:

[0100] The photovoltaic array in the power transmission corridor is equipped with five DJIAgrasT40 cleaning robots, and four light sensors (model BH1750) are installed at the bottom of the wind turbine tower to monitor the light transmittance T of the components. The dust accumulation index D is calculated according to formula (5). c >0.3 (e.g., light transmittance T0 = 90% in clean state, when P loss When = 30%, D c ≈0.167, still below the threshold; when T = 30%, P loss When = 40%, D c ≈0.356 (trigger cleaning), the robot cleans according to the zone path (50m×50m per zone), with a cleaning efficiency of ≥95%.

[0101] Inertia support and reactive power compensation:

[0102] When the wind turbine operates at limited power (e.g., 50% power is cut off when the wind speed is >25m / s), the reactive power compensation Q is calculated using formula (6). comp The voltage regulation gain K q =2, reference voltage U ref =35kV, when the grid connection point voltage U = 34kV, if the current photovoltaic capacity S pv =20MW, total installed capacity Then Q comp =2×(35-34)×20 / 40=1Mvar.

[0103] Current flow control:

[0104] When the wind power output suddenly drops (e.g., 10 wind turbines disconnect from the grid simultaneously, and the output drops from 45MW to 20MW), the photovoltaic power generation sends power back to the wind power collector line via the DC / AC converter. The upper limit of the back-feeding power P is calculated according to formula (7). backfeed The minimum value of 27MW is taken as the line thermal stability limit of 30MW and the wind farm rated capacity of 0.3 (0.3×90MW=27MW), and the actual reverse power is controlled at 25MW.

[0105] Night cleaning mode:

[0106] Nighttime (light intensity < 50W / m) 2 The cleaning robot is powered by the redundant power of the wind turbines (each turbine can provide 50kW of redundancy when the wind speed is 8–12 m / s). The robot's walking speed v is controlled according to formula (8), and the wind energy utilization coefficient K wind=0.8, when the wind speed v wind When the speed is 10 m / s, v = 0.8 × 10 = 8 m / min.

[0107] IV. Specific Implementation Steps of the Collaborative Control Method

[0108] Step S1: Obtain the wind power output for the next 72 hours through the wind and solar power output prediction module at 00:00, 08:00, and 16:00 daily. and photovoltaic power Predictive data is stored in an SQL Server database.

[0109] Step S2: Calculate the transmission channel utilization rate η according to formula (9), where the maximum allowable transmission capacity of the collector line is... (Determined by the conductor's thermal stability limit of 630A and voltage drop ≤5%). For example, when At that time, η = (60 + 30) / 130 ≈ 69.2%.

[0110] Step S3: If η < 70% (as in the example above), both wind power and photovoltaic power operate in MPPT mode (wind turbines track the optimal tip speed ratio, photovoltaic power uses the perturbation observation method); if η ≥ 85% (as in the example above), both wind power and photovoltaic power operate in MPPT mode (wind turbines track the optimal tip speed ratio, photovoltaic power uses the perturbation observation method); η = 115 / 130 ≈ 88.5%), initiate the curtailment priority strategy: prioritize reducing the irradiance of the inclined surface < 500 W / m 2 The output of photovoltaic units (such as shaded area modules) is used to reserve 4MW (10% × 40MW) as backup frequency regulation resources. The curtailed power (such as 10MW) is used to charge the supercapacitor through a DC / DC converter, with the charging efficiency controlled at 93% ± 1%.

[0111] Step S4: Monitor the power grid frequency in real time. When |Δf| > 0.2Hz (e.g., f = 50.3Hz), call the inertia support module and calculate ΔP according to formula (1). v =0.8×(0.3 / 0.1)+0.5×(50-50.3)=2.4-0.15=2.25MW, and inject 2.25MW of compensation power into the grid through the converter.

[0112] Step S5: Calculate the power allocation weight α every 30 minutes to ensure that the overall power output fluctuation rate σ < 5% × 130MW = 6.5MW. For example, currently P pv =20MW, If β = 0.9, then α = (30-20) / 30×0.9 = 0.3. Wind power output is allocated with a weight of 0.3, and photovoltaic power output is allocated with a weight of 0.7. The final volatility σ is controlled at 4.2MW < 6.5MW.

[0113] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farm sites and transmission lines, characterized in that, The system includes: The wind turbine group consists of multiple wind turbines, and each turbine base area is equipped with a reinforcement platform; The photovoltaic array is distributed on the ground below the wind turbine base reinforcement platform, wind farm roads and power transmission corridors. The photovoltaic array adopts double-sided double-glass modules with adjustable tilt angle, and the tilt angle adjustment range is 15°–35°. The wind-solar coupling device includes a mechanical connection mechanism and an electrical coupling unit; the mechanical connection mechanism fixes the photovoltaic bracket to the wind turbine base reinforcement platform to form an integrated wind turbine-photovoltaic structure, and the bottom of the photovoltaic bracket has a reserved maintenance channel for wind turbine components; the electrical coupling unit integrates wind power and photovoltaic output through a multi-port converter and connects to the existing substation of the wind farm; The dynamic power regulation system, based on the spatiotemporal complementarity of wind and solar resources, generates a coordinated control strategy, including: (1) Wind and solar power output prediction module: input meteorological data and historical power output curves, and output the predicted values ​​of wind and solar power generation for the next 72 hours; (2) Inertia support module: When the power grid frequency fluctuates, the virtual inertia compensation power ΔP is calculated using formula (1). v : Among them, K w K is the kinetic energy release coefficient of the fan rotor. p f is the photovoltaic frequency regulation coefficient, f is the real-time frequency, and f0 is the reference frequency; The power distribution module dynamically adjusts the output ratio of wind power and photovoltaic power according to formula (2): Where α is the wind power output weighting coefficient, β is the transmission channel capacity margin factor, and P pv Provide real-time power for photovoltaics. This represents the maximum power output of photovoltaics. The power collection line adopts a double-circuit structure with a shared tower. The upper layer transmits wind power, and the lower layer transmits photovoltaic power. The line current carrying capacity is designed based on the maximum superimposed power of wind and solar power.

2. A photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, In the aforementioned integrated wind turbine-photovoltaic structure, the photovoltaic support is connected to the wind turbine base via a hinge mechanism, which includes: The vertical shaft bears the vibration load of the wind turbine tower; The tilt adjuster dynamically adjusts the tilt angle of the photovoltaic module according to the solar altitude angle and the shading rate. The shading rate γ is calculated by formula (3): Among them, A shadow Let A be the projected area of ​​the wind turbine blades. total The total area of ​​the photovoltaic modules; when γ > 20%, the tilt avoidance strategy is activated.

3. A photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-port converter includes: The wind power input port connects to the rotor-side converter of the doubly fed wind turbine. Photovoltaic input port, connected to string inverter; A DC busbar and a parallel supercapacitor bank form a short-time energy storage unit. The grid-connected output port is connected to the booster station after synchronization via a phase-locked loop; the converter uses model predictive control to smooth power fluctuations, and the objective function is shown in formula (4): Where i represents the index of the discrete time step in the prediction time domain, and N p The prediction time-domain step size is set to 10–30, λ is the DC current fluctuation suppression weighting coefficient, and its value is set to 0.1–0.

5. P gridref [i] represents the grid-connected power reference value for the i-th step, P grid [i] represents the actual grid-connected power at step i, ΔI dc [i] represents the change in DC bus current at step i.

4. A photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The ground-mounted photovoltaic array beneath the power transmission corridor is regularly dusted using an intelligent cleaning robot. The robot's path is determined by a dust accumulation index D. c control: An array of optical sensors is installed on the wind turbine tower to monitor the light transmittance T of the components in real time. Calculate D using formula (5) c : Where T0 is the transmittance in the clean state, and P loss P is the current power loss rate. rated Rated power; When D c When the value is greater than 0.3, the robot is triggered to perform zoned cleaning.

5. A photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the wind turbine is operating at limited power, the inertia support module provides voltage support by adjusting the reactive power output of the photovoltaic inverter, with reactive power compensation Q. comp Determined by formula (6): Among them, K q For voltage-regulated gain, U ref U is the reference voltage, U is the grid connection point voltage, and S is the reference voltage. pv For photovoltaic capacity, This represents the total installed capacity.

6. A photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The power collection line is equipped with a power flow reversal channel. When the wind power output suddenly drops, the photovoltaic power generation sends power back to the wind power collection line via a DC / AC converter. The upper limit of the back-feeding power is P. backfeed Calculate according to formula (7): in, For the thermal stability limit of the line, This refers to the rated capacity of the wind farm.

7. A photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The system also includes a wind-solar coupling monitoring terminal, installed at the bottom of each wind turbine tower, to collect data in real time. Photovoltaic module temperature and irradiance; Vibration acceleration of wind turbine tower; The stress on the support structure; data is uploaded to the dynamic power control system via power line carrier communication when the vibration acceleration > 5 m / s². 2 At that time, the photovoltaic support vibration reduction control is triggered.

8. A photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic power control system activates the wind-powered photovoltaic cleaning mode at night: The redundant power of the fan is used to power the cleaning robot; Robot walking speed v and wind speed v wind Satisfies formula (8): v=K wind ·v wind (0.5≤k≤1.2) (8), Where K wind This is the wind energy utilization rate coefficient.

9. A method for coordinated control of photovoltaic power generation utilizing wind farms and transmission channels, applicable to a photovoltaic power generation system utilizing wind farms and transmission channels as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: S1: Obtain wind power output for the next 72 hours via the wind and solar power output prediction module. and photovoltaic power S2: Formula (9) is used to calculate the transmission channel utilization rate η. in, The maximum allowable transmission capacity of the collector line is determined based on the thermal stability limit of the conductor and voltage drop constraints. S3: If η < 70%, operate in maximum power point tracking mode; if η ≥ 85%, activate the light-wasting priority strategy. S4: Monitor the power grid frequency f in real time. When |Δf|>0.2Hz, call the inertia support module to output ΔP. v ; S5: Update the power allocation weight α every 30 minutes to ensure that the combined output fluctuation rate σ of wind power and photovoltaic power satisfies formula (10):

10. A method for coordinated control of photovoltaic power generation utilizing wind farms and transmission channels according to claim 9, characterized in that, The light-wasting priority strategy in step S3 includes: Prioritize reducing the irradiance of the inclined surface to below 500 W / m 2 The output of the photovoltaic unit; Reserve at least 10% of photovoltaic capacity as backup frequency regulation resources; The wasted solar power is converted into supercapacitor charging power, with a charging efficiency of over 92%.

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