Master-slave energy storage all-in-one machine thermal management system and method based on edge gateway

Abstract

The invention discloses a master-slave energy storage all-in-one machine thermal management system based on an edge gateway. The system comprises a master station and n energy storage all-in-one machines which are connected with the master station and are combined into a cabinet. One of the n energy storage all-in-one machines is a host, the other energy storage all-in-one machines are slaves, the master station issues a charge and discharge power plan curve to the host, and the host is connected with the slaves through the EMS gateway to distribute charge and discharge power plans to the slaves and control charge and discharge and thermal management of the slaves. Accordingly, a corresponding thermal management method is also established, that is, the host receives a charge and discharge power plan curve issued by the master station, distributes a charge and discharge power plan to the slave in combination with the combined cabinet resources, monitors the working state of the air conditioner / liquid cooling machine and the temperature of the battery pack at the same time, and distributes functional instructions such as preheating and delayed closing to the slave. By applying the method, starting and stopping operation of refrigeration and heating equipment matched with the charging and discharging power plan curve can be realized, invalid work of the equipment is reduced to the greatest extent on the basis of protecting safe operation of the equipment, and effective support is provided for energy conservation and long-term work of the equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of integrated energy storage technology, and particularly relates to a master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system and method based on an edge gateway. Background Technology

[0002] An integrated energy storage system is a system that combines energy storage batteries, inverters, and battery management modules. It works by storing excess electrical energy and releasing it when needed, thus balancing the supply and demand of the power grid. Integrated energy storage systems not only improve the utilization rate of electrical energy but also effectively alleviate energy shortages caused by fluctuations in electricity demand, achieving efficient energy storage and utilization.

[0003] Energy storage thermal management ensures the safe, stable, and efficient operation of energy storage systems through effective temperature control, extending battery life and improving system performance. Currently, most integrated energy storage devices employ a passive response approach, either cooling down after detecting temperature rises above a threshold or after detecting charge / discharge status. This approach is significantly delayed, ineffective, and economical. Therefore, it is necessary to research preventative cooling operations based on charging schedules.

[0004] Chinese patent application “Temperature Management Method, Apparatus, Electronic Device and Storage Medium for Energy Storage System” (application number 2024118077389, publication date 20250401) discloses a thermal management method for an energy storage system. This method, through preprocessing, starts / stops the thermal management module in a timely manner according to the temperature parameters of the energy storage system, which has a significant energy saving improvement compared to the conventional method of only shutting down the thermal management module of the energy storage system at the end of charging and discharging.

[0005] Chinese patent “A multi-machine parallel energy storage device based on an independent communication structure between battery packs” (patent number 2023235987600, publication date 20241217) sets up an independent communication connection structure between multiple battery packs of multiple energy storage converter units in a multi-machine parallel energy storage device, and realizes the multi-machine parallel connection of the energy storage device through CPU interconnection.

[0006] Nevertheless, none of the above patents and existing technologies involve the coordination of master and slave thermal management modules or thermal management strategies. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system and method based on an edge gateway.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution:

[0009] The master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system based on edge gateway includes a master station and n integrated energy storage units connected in parallel. Each integrated energy storage unit contains an EMS gateway. One of the n integrated energy storage units is the master and the rest are slaves. The master station sends the charging and discharging power plan curve to the master. The master connects to the slaves through the EMS gateway to distribute the charging and discharging power plan to them and control the charging, discharging and thermal management of the slaves.

[0010] The master unit includes a thermal management module and its connected planning curve module, air conditioning / liquid chiller access module, and master-slave access module. The slave unit includes a thermal management module and its connected air conditioning / liquid chiller access module and master-slave access module. The master unit connects to the slave unit's master-slave access module through its master-slave access module.

[0011] Each energy storage unit's EMS gateway is connected via a switch and communicates with the main station via the MQTT protocol. Each energy storage unit's EMS gateway communicates with the main station via a 4G channel using the MQTT protocol.

[0012] The EMS gateway connects to monitoring and control instruments, PCS, BMS, fire protection equipment, temperature and humidity sensors, etc. via serial / network ports, and connects to access control, AC switches, water immersion devices, operation lights, fault lights, and other components via DI / DO interfaces.

[0013] The thermal management method of the above system involves the host receiving the charging and discharging power plan curve issued by the master station, and distributing the charging and discharging power plan to the slave in combination with the resources after the cabinet is connected. The host also monitors the working status of the air conditioner / liquid cooler and the battery pack temperature, and distributes preheating, delayed shutdown and other functional instructions to the slave.

[0014] The above-mentioned thermal management method includes the following specific operations:

[0015] After the integrated energy storage units are connected in the cabinet, one integrated energy storage unit is selected as the master unit through an internal negotiation mechanism, and the rest are slave units;

[0016] The host communicates with the master station through its EMS gateway and executes the master station's control strategy for the energy storage system station. The host receives the charging and discharging power plan curve and allocates the charging and discharging power plan according to the capacity of each slave unit after paralleling.

[0017] The host monitors the working status of the local air conditioner / liquid chiller through its EMS gateway. When the detected battery temperature is higher than the cooling start temperature, it starts cooling and sends a cooling command to each slave EMS gateway; when the detected battery temperature is lower than the heating start temperature, it starts heating and sends a heating command to each slave EMS gateway.

[0018] The host outputs "time until next shutdown" and "time until next startup" based on the charging and discharging power plan curve through its EMS gateway. When the charging and discharging power is greater than the threshold, the cooling operation is started in advance. When the charging and discharging power is less than the threshold, the shutdown operation is performed after a delay.

[0019] The thermal management module in the host or slave unit performs thermal management according to the following strategy:

[0020] 1) The thermal management module compares the "remaining time T1 for the next integrated machine start-up" given by the charge and discharge power planning curve with the "early start time T11 of the thermal management strategy". If T1≤T11, or if a start control command is received from the main station, or if the battery pack temperature is abnormal, the air conditioner / cooling unit will be started to start the machine.

[0021] 2) If the battery pack temperature is lower than the heating start temperature, heating will be activated; otherwise, if the battery pack temperature is higher than the cooling start temperature, cooling will be activated; otherwise, the air conditioner / cooling unit will enter standby mode.

[0022] 3) If the energy storage unit enters the shutdown mode and the shutdown duration is greater than the delayed shutdown time T22, perform the air conditioner / refrigeration unit shutdown operation; otherwise, continue the detection.

[0023] To address the current problems in thermal management of energy storage devices, the inventors designed a master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system based on an edge gateway. This system includes a master station and n connected integrated energy storage units, each containing an EMS gateway. One of the n units is the master, and the rest are slaves. The master station sends charge / discharge power plan curves to the master. The master connects to the slaves via the EMS gateway, distributes the charge / discharge power plans to them, and controls the charging, discharging, and thermal management of the slaves. Based on this, the inventors also established a corresponding thermal management method: the master receives the charge / discharge power plan curves from the master station, distributes the plans to the slaves based on the resources available after parallel connection, and simultaneously monitors the operating status of the air conditioner / liquid cooler and the battery pack temperature, issuing preheating and delayed shutdown commands to the slaves. By applying this invention, the thermal management of energy storage devices in various combinations, such as distributed, combined, and master-slave, can be solved. It enables the start-up and shutdown operations of cooling and heating equipment to match the planned charge and discharge power curves. While protecting the safe operation of the equipment, it minimizes the ineffective operation of the equipment and provides effective technical support for energy saving and long-term operation of the equipment. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the master-slave control of the master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system based on the edge gateway of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 2This is a schematic diagram of the master-slave topology of the master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system based on the edge gateway of the present invention.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of the thermal management strategy of the thermal management module in the thermal management method of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0027] I. Basic Principles

[0028] 1.1 Thermal Management System

[0029] like Figures 1 to 2 As shown, this invention relates to a master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system based on an edge gateway. It includes a master station (such as a cloud server) and n interconnected integrated energy storage units. Each integrated energy storage unit contains an EMS gateway. One of the n integrated energy storage units is the master, and the rest are slaves. The master station sends charge / discharge power plan curves to the master. The master connects to the slaves through the EMS gateway, distributes the charge / discharge power plans to them, and controls the charging, discharging, and thermal management of the slaves.

[0030] The master unit includes a thermal management module and its connected planning curve module, air conditioning / liquid chiller access module, and master-slave access module. The slave unit includes a thermal management module and its connected air conditioning / liquid chiller access module and master-slave access module. The master unit connects to the slave unit's master-slave access module through its master-slave access module.

[0031] 1.2 Thermal Management Methods

[0032] The host receives the charging / discharging power plan curve from the master station, and distributes the charging / discharging power plan to the slave devices based on the resources after grid connection. Simultaneously, the host monitors the operating status of the air conditioner / liquid chiller and the battery pack temperature, and issues preheating and delayed shutdown commands to the slave devices. The specific operation process is as follows:

[0033] 1) After the integrated energy storage units are connected in the cabinet, one integrated energy storage unit is selected as the master unit through an internal negotiation mechanism, and the rest are slave units;

[0034] Generally, communication between the master and slave access modules can be achieved through protocols such as MQTT, IEC104, and MODBUS.

[0035] 2) The host communicates with the master station through its EMS gateway and executes the master station's control strategy for the energy storage system station. The host receives the charging and discharging power plan curve and allocates the charging and discharging power plan according to the capacity of each slave unit after paralleling.

[0036] 3) The host monitors the working status of the local air conditioner / liquid chiller through its EMS gateway. When the detected battery temperature is higher than the cooling start temperature, cooling is started and a cooling command is sent to each slave EMS gateway; when the detected battery temperature is lower than the heating start temperature, heating is started and a heating command is sent to each slave EMS gateway.

[0037] Generally, the air conditioning / liquid chiller access module is determined by the temperature control carrier of the energy storage unit, such as air conditioning or liquid chiller units. This module is responsible for communicating with the air conditioner or liquid chiller and controlling the start-up, shutdown and operation of the air conditioner or liquid chiller.

[0038] Generally, the thermal management modules of both the master and slave units need to monitor the temperature-related data of their own integrated energy storage units and execute corresponding control strategies.

[0039] 4) The host outputs "time until next shutdown" and "time until next startup" according to the charging and discharging power plan curve through its EMS gateway. When the charging and discharging power is greater than the threshold, the cooling operation is started in advance. When the charging and discharging power is less than the threshold, the shutdown operation is performed after a delay.

[0040] Generally, the planning curve module outputs two telemetry values: "time until next downtime T2" ​​and "time until next startup T1". The thermal management module receives these values ​​and participates in the thermal management execution logic.

[0041] Generally, the thermal management module in the host receives the telemetry values ​​output by the planning curve module in real time and determines in real time whether the air conditioner needs to be started in advance or turned off in a delayed manner. When it is necessary to control the air conditioner / liquid chiller, it needs to send the control strategy to the local air conditioner / liquid chiller access module and send the "start" or "stop" command to the slave unit.

[0042] Generally, if the slave unit cannot receive the telemetry value output by the master unit's planning curve module, the master unit's thermal management module will send the data to the slave unit via remote control or remote adjustment. When the slave unit receives the instruction sent by the master-slave access module of the master unit, it will pass it through to its thermal management module, which will then send the control strategy to the local air conditioner / liquid chiller access module.

[0043] The thermal management module in the host or slave unit performs thermal management according to the following strategy:

[0044] 1) The thermal management module compares the "time T1 until next start-up" given by the charge and discharge power plan curve with the "early start time (set value) T11 of thermal management strategy". If T1≤T11, or if a start control command is received from the master station, or if the battery pack temperature is abnormal, the air conditioner / liquid cooler will be started to perform the start-up operation.

[0045] Generally, if any start-up condition is met, the air conditioner / liquid chiller will start; if all shutdown conditions are met, the air conditioner / liquid chiller will shut down.

[0046] 2) If the battery pack temperature is lower than the heating start temperature, heating will be activated; otherwise, if the battery pack temperature is higher than the cooling start temperature, cooling will be activated; otherwise, the air conditioner / cooling unit will enter standby mode.

[0047] Generally, the heating temperature of an air conditioner / liquid cooling system is less than or equal to the standby temperature and less than or equal to the cooling temperature.

[0048] Generally, the operating mode (cooling, heating, standby) of an all-in-one machine is determined by the battery pack temperature.

[0049] 3) If the energy storage unit enters the shutdown mode and the shutdown duration is greater than the delayed shutdown time T22, perform the air conditioner / refrigeration unit shutdown operation; otherwise, continue the detection.

[0050] Generally, when the all-in-one machine is in operation (charging, discharging, or standby mode), T1 is 0 and T2 is the time until the next shutdown; when the all-in-one machine is in shutdown mode, T1 is the time until the next startup and T2 is 0.

[0051] II. Application Examples

[0052] Referring to the aforementioned basic principles, such as Figure 2 As shown, the parallel structure of the master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system consists of n (n≥1) identical integrated energy storage units, each containing an EMS gateway. The EMS gateways of each integrated energy storage unit are connected via a switch and communicate with each other through a protocol. The EMS gateways of each integrated energy storage unit communicate with the master station via a 4G channel using the MQTT protocol. The EMS gateways connect to monitoring and control instruments, PCS, BMS, fire protection equipment, temperature and humidity sensors, etc., via serial / network ports, and connect to access control, AC switches, water immersion detectors, operation lights, fault lights, etc., via DI / DO interfaces.

[0053] Based on the aforementioned fundamental principles, the specific thermal management process of the master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system is as follows:

[0054] 1) After the integrated energy storage units are connected to the cabinet, the IP addresses are compared, sorted, and the one with the smallest address is selected as the master. Figure 2 As shown, its EMS gateway is referred to as EMS host, and the EMS gateway of the slave device is referred to as EMS slave.

[0055] 2) The host EMS gateway communicates with the cloud server and executes the master station's control strategy for the energy storage system station. It receives the total charging and discharging power plan curve (Table 1) and allocates the charging and discharging power plan curves of the sub-devices according to the capacity of each slave unit after paralleling (Table 2).

[0056] Table 1 Overall Charge-Discharge Curve

[0057] 8 o'clock 9 o'clock 10:00 11:00 12 o'clock 13:00 2 PM 3 PM 16:00 5 PM 6 PM 7 PM 10kW 10kW shutdown shutdown 20kW 30kW charging 40kW charging 30kW charging shutdown 20kW 20kW shutdown

[0058] Table 2 Sub-equipment charge / discharge plan curves

[0059] 8 o'clock 9 o'clock 10:00 11:00 12 o'clock 13:00 2 PM 3 PM 16:00 5 PM 6 PM 7 PM 1kW 1kW shutdown shutdown 2kW 3kW charging 4kW charging 3kW charging shutdown 2kW 2kW shutdown

[0060] 3) The host EMS gateway monitors the working status of the local air conditioner / liquid chiller. If the battery temperature is higher than the cooling start temperature, cooling is started and a cooling command is sent to each slave unit. If the battery temperature is lower than the heating start temperature, heating is started and a heating command is sent to each slave unit.

[0061] 4) The host EMS gateway calculates the difference between the planned curve (as shown in Table 1) and the current time (e.g., 15:30) and outputs "time until next shutdown = 0.5h" and "time until next startup = 0h". When the charging and discharging power is greater than the threshold, the cooling operation is started in advance. When the charging and discharging power is less than the threshold, the shutdown operation is performed after a delay.

[0062] The thermal management process of the master-slave thermal management module is as follows:

[0063] Execution strategy at 16:30

[0064] 1) The thermal management module compares the "remaining time for the next integrated unit start-up T1 = 0.5h" given by the planning curve with the "early start time (set value) T11 = 0.5h" of the thermal management strategy. At this time, T1 = T11 and the air conditioner / refrigeration unit is started to start up.

[0065] 2) If the battery pack temperature (50℃) is higher than the cooling start temperature (49℃), then cooling operation will be performed.

[0066] The strategy will be implemented at 17:30.

[0067] 3) If the integrated unit is determined to have entered the shutdown mode and the shutdown duration (0.5h) is greater than the delayed shutdown time (0.2h), the air conditioner / liquid chiller will be shut down.

Claims

1. A master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system based on an edge gateway, comprising a master station and n interconnected integrated energy storage units, each integrated energy storage unit containing an EMS gateway; characterized in that; Of the n integrated energy storage units, one is the master unit and the rest are slave units. The master station sends the charging and discharging power plan curve to the master unit. The master unit connects to the slave units through the EMS gateway to distribute the charging and discharging power plan to them and control the charging, discharging and thermal management of the slave units.

2. The master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system based on an edge gateway according to claim 1, characterized in that: The host includes a thermal management module and a connected planning curve module, an air conditioning / liquid chiller access module, and a master-slave access module. The slave includes a thermal management module and a connected air conditioning / liquid chiller access module and a master-slave access module. The host connects to the slave's master-slave access module through its master-slave access module.

3. The master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system based on an edge gateway according to claim 2, characterized in that: Each energy storage unit's EMS gateway is connected via a switch and communicates with the main station via the MQTT protocol. Each energy storage unit's EMS gateway communicates with the main station via a 4G channel using the MQTT protocol.

4. The master-slave integrated energy storage thermal management system based on an edge gateway according to claim 3, characterized in that: The EMS gateway connects to the monitoring and control unit, PCS, BMS, fire protection equipment, and temperature and humidity sensor via serial port / network port, and connects to access control, AC switch, water immersion device, operation light, and fault light via DI / DO interface.

5. The thermal management method of the system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The host receives the charging and discharging power plan curve issued by the master station, and distributes the charging and discharging power plan to the slave device in combination with the resources after the cabinet is connected. The host also monitors the working status of the air conditioner / liquid cooler and the battery pack temperature, and distributes preheating, delayed shutdown and other function commands to the slave device.

6. The thermal management method according to claim 5, characterized in that... The specific operations include the following: 1) After the integrated energy storage units are connected in the cabinet, one integrated energy storage unit is selected as the master unit through an internal negotiation mechanism, and the rest are slave units; 2) The host communicates with the master station through its EMS gateway and executes the master station's control strategy for the energy storage system station. The host receives the charging and discharging power plan curve and allocates the charging and discharging power plan according to the capacity of each slave unit after paralleling. 3) The host monitors the working status of the local air conditioner / liquid chiller through its EMS gateway. When the detected battery temperature is higher than the cooling start temperature, cooling is started and a cooling command is sent to each slave EMS gateway; when the detected battery temperature is lower than the heating start temperature, heating is started and a heating command is sent to each slave EMS gateway. 4) The host outputs "time until next shutdown" and "time until next startup" according to the charging and discharging power plan curve through its EMS gateway. When the charging and discharging power is greater than the threshold, the cooling operation is started in advance. When the charging and discharging power is less than the threshold, the shutdown operation is performed after a delay.

7. The thermal management method according to claim 6, characterized in that... The thermal management module in the host or slave device performs thermal management according to the following strategy: 1) The thermal management module compares the "remaining time T1 for the next integrated machine start-up" given by the charge and discharge power planning curve with the "early start time T11 of the thermal management strategy". If T1≤T11, or if a start control command is received from the main station, or if the battery pack temperature is abnormal, the air conditioner / cooling unit will be started to start the machine. 2) If the battery pack temperature is lower than the heating start temperature, heating will be activated; otherwise, if the battery pack temperature is higher than the cooling start temperature, cooling will be activated; otherwise, the air conditioner / cooling unit will enter standby mode. 3) If the energy storage unit enters the shutdown mode and the shutdown duration is greater than the delayed shutdown time T22, perform the air conditioner / refrigeration unit shutdown operation; otherwise, continue the detection.

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