Distribution network automation terminal backup power supply and monitoring method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to power system power distribution network automation, and discloses a distribution network automation terminal backup power supply and a monitoring method thereof, and the distribution network automation terminal backup power supply comprises a lithium battery module and a battery management module; the lithium battery module is connected with the battery management module; the lithium battery module comprises a plurality of single lithium batteries which are connected in series and in parallel; the battery management module comprises a monitoring module, an equalization module and a fault module; the monitoring module is used for monitoring battery state parameters of the lithium battery module in real time; the equalization module is used for adjusting the voltage of the lithium battery module according to the battery state parameters; and the fault module is used for carrying out fault analysis on the lithium battery module according to the battery state parameters and carrying out safety alarm when a fault state occurs. By using the scheme of the invention, the technical problems in the prior art that the backup power supply failure cannot be timely responded and processed and the reliability of the backup power supply is low can be solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power system distribution network automation technology, specifically to a backup power supply for distribution network automation terminals and its monitoring method. Background Technology

[0002] In modern power systems, the stable operation of distribution network automation equipment is crucial for ensuring the reliability and security of power supply. However, distribution network automation equipment may face emergencies such as grid failures and power outages during operation. In such cases, a reliable backup power source is needed to maintain the normal operation of the equipment and ensure the stability and continuity of the power system.

[0003] Currently, traditional backup power supplies for distribution network automation typically use lead-acid batteries, which have the following problems: lead-acid batteries are bulky and heavy, environmentally unfriendly, have poor high-temperature performance, and a short service life (2-3 years), which is seriously mismatched with the lifespan of distribution network terminal equipment (8-10 years). They are also difficult to replace, severely affecting the reliability of the equipment. Furthermore, the number of distribution network terminal devices is enormous, and existing power management modules can only provide basic power conversion functions. Maintenance personnel find it difficult to detect backup power failures in a timely manner, which can easily lead to AC power loss and battery packs being unable to supply power, resulting in an inability to respond promptly to backup power failures. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides a backup power supply for distribution network automation terminals and a monitoring method thereof, in order to solve the technical problems of backup power supply failures not being responded to and handled in a timely manner and the low reliability of backup power supplies in the prior art.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0006] A backup power supply for a distribution network automation terminal includes: a lithium battery module and a battery management module; the lithium battery module is connected to the battery management module.

[0007] The lithium battery module includes several individual lithium batteries connected in series and parallel; the battery management module includes a monitoring module, an equalization module, and a fault module.

[0008] The monitoring module is used to monitor the battery status parameters of the lithium battery module in real time.

[0009] The equalization module is used to adjust the voltage of the lithium battery module according to the battery state parameters;

[0010] The fault module is used to perform fault analysis on the lithium battery module based on the battery status parameters, and to issue a safety alarm when a fault occurs.

[0011] Optionally, the backup power supply of the distribution network automation terminal further includes a communication module, which is used to send the battery status parameters and the fault status to the server master station and to perform remote data interaction with the server master station.

[0012] Optionally, the communication module is further configured to:

[0013] The system receives control data sent by the server master station and parses the control data to obtain the voltage control information of the lithium battery module.

[0014] The voltage control information is sent to the equalization module so that the equalization module can adjust and control the voltage of the lithium battery module according to the voltage control information.

[0015] Optionally, the battery status parameters include: voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, and state of health;

[0016] The equalization module calculates the change value of the state of charge between each adjacent preset time based on the state of charge of the lithium battery module at each time period.

[0017] When the change in state of charge exceeds a preset threshold, an active balancing strategy is initiated. During the execution of the active balancing strategy, the capacity balancing difference is determined based on the constant current charging curve and DC internal resistance of the lithium battery module, as well as the battery capacity decay factor. Based on the capacity balancing difference and the temperature data, a dynamic voltage adaptive threshold is determined. The voltage of the lithium battery module is then adjusted by combining the dynamic voltage adaptive threshold and the voltage.

[0018] Optionally, the fault module calculates voltage fluctuation data based on the voltage;

[0019] When the voltage fluctuation data exceeds a preset range, the temperature change gradient is determined based on the temperature, and the local temperature rise of the lithium battery module is detected. When the local temperature rise exceeds a preset temperature in its adjacent area, the resistance data of the lithium battery module is determined based on the current. Then, when the resistance data exceeds a preset fault threshold, a safety alarm signal for the fault state is generated to trigger a safety alarm.

[0020] Optionally, the lithium battery module is further provided with a fire extinguishing disc; the fire extinguishing disc is used to monitor the temperature information of the lithium battery module, and automatically ruptures after generating a fire signal when the temperature information is within a preset fire data condition, so as to release fire extinguishing gas.

[0021] A method for monitoring backup power supply in a distribution network automation terminal, executed by the battery management module, specifically includes:

[0022] Real-time monitoring of battery status parameters of lithium battery modules;

[0023] Adjust the voltage of the lithium battery module according to the battery status parameters;

[0024] Based on the battery status parameters, fault analysis is performed on the lithium battery module, and a safety alarm is triggered when a fault occurs.

[0025] Optionally, the real-time monitoring of the battery state parameters of the lithium battery module specifically includes:

[0026] The battery status parameters of the lithium battery module are acquired in real time through multi-source sensors; wherein the battery status parameters include: voltage, current, temperature and state of charge.

[0027] Optionally, automatically adjusting the voltage of the lithium battery module based on the battery state parameters specifically includes:

[0028] Based on the state of charge of the lithium battery module at different time periods, the change value of the state of charge between each adjacent preset time period is calculated.

[0029] When the change in state of charge exceeds a preset threshold, an active balancing strategy is initiated. During the execution of the active balancing strategy, the capacity balancing difference is determined based on the constant current charging curve and DC internal resistance of the lithium battery module, as well as the battery capacity decay factor. Based on the capacity balancing difference and the temperature data, a dynamic voltage adaptive threshold is determined. In this way, the voltage of the lithium battery module is automatically adjusted by combining the dynamic voltage adaptive threshold and the voltage.

[0030] Optionally, the step of performing fault analysis on the lithium battery module based on the battery state parameters and issuing a safety alarm when a fault occurs specifically includes:

[0031] Calculate voltage fluctuation data based on the voltage;

[0032] When the voltage fluctuation data exceeds a preset range, the temperature change gradient is determined based on the temperature, and the local temperature rise of the lithium battery module is detected. When the local temperature rise exceeds a preset temperature in its adjacent area, the resistance data of the lithium battery module is determined based on the current. Then, when the resistance data exceeds a preset fault threshold, a safety alarm signal for the fault state is generated to trigger a safety alarm.

[0033] The backup power supply and monitoring method for distribution network automation terminals provided by this invention realize equalization, protection, and communication functions for lithium battery modules through a battery management module. This enables refined management and optimized control of the battery pack, improves energy utilization efficiency, and reduces operating costs. At the same time, through the monitoring module, equalization module, and fault module in the battery management module, real-time monitoring, dynamic equalization adjustment and control, and fault alarms are ensured for the lithium battery modules. This ensures the stability and continuity of the lithium battery modules in the power system, and also ensures that backup power supply faults can be responded to in a timely manner and balanced and adjusted, thereby improving the reliability of the backup power supply. Attached Figure Description

[0034] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly described below. Obviously, the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a backup power supply for a distribution network automation terminal provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 This is a structural diagram of the backup power supply provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 This is a flowchart illustrating the steps of a method for monitoring backup power supply in a distribution network automation terminal, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0038] The reference numerals for the accompanying drawings in the specification are as follows:

[0039] Lithium battery module 01, battery management module 02, monitoring module 021, balancing module 022, fault module 023, communication module 024, wiring terminal 11, module signal input / output line 12, communication wiring 13. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0041] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0042] Example 1

[0043] Please refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a backup power supply for a distribution network automation terminal, comprising: a lithium battery module 01 and a battery management module 02; the lithium battery module 01 is connected to the battery management module 02.

[0044] The lithium battery module 01 includes a plurality of individual lithium batteries connected in series and parallel. As a preferred embodiment, all individual lithium batteries are lithium iron phosphate batteries.

[0045] In this embodiment, the lithium battery module 01 serves as the main energy storage unit for backup power, employing high-energy-density, long-life, and low-self-discharge-rate lithium iron phosphate batteries. The lithium battery module 01 is composed of multiple individual batteries connected in series and parallel, and is monitored and managed by the battery management module 02 to ensure the safe operation and performance consistency of the battery pack.

[0046] As a preferred embodiment, the lithium battery module 01 is further provided with a fire extinguishing disc; the fire extinguishing disc is used to monitor the temperature information of the lithium battery module 01, and automatically ruptures after generating a fire signal when the temperature information reaches a preset fire data condition to release fire extinguishing gas. Further, the fire extinguishing disc is a microencapsulated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing disc, and the fire extinguishing gas is perfluorohexanone gas.

[0047] In this embodiment, the microencapsulated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing patch, as a novel fire extinguishing material, has advantages such as rapid fire extinguishing, no residue, and no pollution to equipment. The fire extinguishing patch is encapsulated using microencapsulation technology, which allows it to automatically rupture and release perfluorohexanone gas upon the occurrence of a fire, quickly extinguishing the fire and protecting the power supply unit and surrounding equipment. It is understood that by placing the microencapsulated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing patch inside the backup power supply unit, the patch, encapsulated using microencapsulation technology, can automatically rupture and release perfluorohexanone gas upon the occurrence of a fire, quickly extinguishing the fire. The microencapsulated perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing patch has advantages such as rapid fire extinguishing, no residue, and no pollution to equipment, effectively protecting the safety of the power supply unit and surrounding equipment.

[0048] In this embodiment, the lithium battery module 01 consists of multiple individual lithium batteries made of lithium iron phosphate, which offers good safety and cycle life. The individual batteries are connected in series or parallel to achieve the required voltage and capacity. The battery management module 02 monitors the lithium battery module 01 in real time, including monitoring battery state parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, state of charge (SOC), and state of health (SOH), and ensures consistent battery performance through a balancing control algorithm.

[0049] The battery management module includes a monitoring module 021, an balancing module 022, and a fault module 023. The monitoring module 021 is used to monitor the battery status parameters of the lithium battery module 01 in real time; the balancing module 022 is used to automatically adjust the voltage of the lithium battery module 01 according to the battery status parameters; and the fault module 023 is used to perform fault analysis on the lithium battery module 01 according to the battery status parameters and to issue a safety alarm when a fault occurs.

[0050] In this embodiment, the battery management module 02 is used to realize intelligent monitoring, management, and optimization of the lithium battery module 01. This module includes the following functions: Battery status monitoring: Real-time monitoring of parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, SOC (state of charge), and SOH (state of health) of the lithium battery module 01 to ensure the safe operation of the battery pack; Intelligent balancing control: Automatically adjusting the voltage of each individual cell in the battery pack through a balancing algorithm to maintain the voltage difference between each cell within a small range (e.g., 20mV), thereby extending the battery pack's lifespan; Fault diagnosis and alarm: Real-time analysis of battery status data to promptly detect potential faults and issue alarms, thereby ensuring the safe operation of the battery pack and related equipment.

[0051] As a preferred embodiment, the balancing module 022 calculates the state of charge (SBC) change value between each adjacent preset time period based on the SBC of the lithium battery module at each time period. When the SBC change value is greater than a preset threshold, an active balancing strategy is initiated. During the execution of the active balancing strategy, the capacity balancing difference is determined based on the constant current charging curve and DC internal resistance of the lithium battery module, as well as the battery capacity decay factor. Based on the capacity balancing difference and the temperature data, a dynamic voltage adaptive threshold is determined. The voltage of the lithium battery module is then adjusted by combining the dynamic voltage adaptive threshold and the voltage.

[0052] The fault module 023 calculates voltage fluctuation data based on the voltage; when the voltage fluctuation data is greater than a preset range, it determines the temperature change gradient based on the temperature and detects the local temperature rise of the lithium battery module. After the local temperature rise is greater than the preset temperature of its adjacent area, it determines the resistance data of the lithium battery module based on the current. Then, when the resistance data is greater than a preset fault threshold, it generates a safety alarm signal for the fault state to trigger a safety alarm.

[0053] As a preferred embodiment, the battery management module further includes a communication module 024; the communication module 024 is used to send the battery status parameters and the fault status to the server master station, and to perform remote data interaction with the server master station.

[0054] In this embodiment, the battery management module also has a communication function: it supports multiple communication protocols, such as RS485, Modbus, Ethernet, etc., and can interact with the master station of the distribution network automation system to realize remote monitoring and management.

[0055] As a preferred embodiment, the communication module 024 is further configured to: receive control data sent by the server master station, parse the control data to obtain voltage control information of the lithium battery module 01, and send the voltage control information to the equalization module 022 so that the equalization module 022 adjusts and controls the voltage of the lithium battery module 01 according to the voltage control information.

[0056] In this embodiment, the communication module 024 receives control data sent from the server master station. The control data is transmitted over a network, which can be received via wired (e.g., Ethernet) or wireless (e.g., Wi-Fi, 4G / 5G) communication. The received control data needs to be parsed to extract information related to the voltage control of the lithium battery module 01. The parsing process typically involves the identification and decoding of data formats, such as extracting specific fields from JSON, XML, or binary formats. Specific voltage control information is extracted from the parsed data, including the target voltage value, voltage adjustment rate, and allowable voltage range. The extracted voltage control information is sent to the equalization module 022. After receiving the voltage control information, the equalization module 022 adjusts and controls the voltage of the lithium battery module 01 according to the control information, including activating or adjusting the equalization circuit to ensure that the voltage of each individual battery cell in the battery module reaches the target value.

[0057] In this embodiment, the battery management module 02 uses a high-performance microcontroller as its core. It collects operating parameters of the battery module through various sensors and processes and analyzes them according to a preset algorithm. The battery status monitoring function monitors parameters such as battery voltage, current, and temperature in real time, and, combined with a fault diagnosis algorithm, promptly detects abnormalities and issues alarms. The intelligent balancing control function extends the battery pack's lifespan by dynamically adjusting the voltage of each individual battery cell. The communication interface uses RS485 and Ethernet interfaces, enabling data exchange with the monitoring center of the distribution network automation system for remote monitoring and management. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 2 This is the backup power supply for the distribution network automation terminal in this embodiment. Terminal 11 is used for the input and output of the battery module; the red terminal represents the positive terminal, and the black terminal represents the negative terminal. The module signal input / output line 12 is used so that when the power is off, connecting the two lines enables the module output; disconnecting the two lines disables the module output. The communication line 13 is used for communication between the host computer software and the product, enabling monitoring of the module's operating status and alarm information. Furthermore, the module can have built-in Bluetooth, allowing connection via a mobile app to read the battery module's charging / discharging status, voltage, current, temperature, and other information.

[0058] In this embodiment, the outer casing of the backup power supply for the distribution network automation terminal is made of a robust, moisture-proof, and dustproof shell material, which encapsulates the backup power supply module as a whole. It is understood that the lithium battery module 01 has high energy density and long lifespan, providing continuous and stable power support for distribution network automation equipment. Compared to traditional lead-acid batteries, it significantly improves the reliability and lifespan of the power supply, enabling efficient and stable power supply.

[0059] Furthermore, the intelligent battery management module 02 has equalization, protection, and communication functions, enabling refined management and optimized control of the battery pack, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing operating costs. The application of microcapsule-type perfluorohexanone fire extinguishing tablets provides reliable safety assurance for the backup power device, effectively preventing fire accidents, protecting equipment and personnel safety, and improving safety assurance. Through intelligent monitoring and diagnostic functions, the health and operating status of the backup power can be monitored in real time, faults can be detected and dealt with in a timely manner, reducing maintenance difficulty and cost, and improving the convenience of backup power maintenance.

[0060] Example 2

[0061] Please see Figure 3 This invention provides a method for monitoring backup power supply in a distribution network automation terminal, executed by the battery management module described in any of the above-mentioned items, specifically including the following steps S101-S102:

[0062] Step S101: Monitor the battery status parameters of the lithium battery module in real time.

[0063] As a preferred embodiment, the step of acquiring the battery state parameters of the lithium battery module in real time through multi-source sensors specifically includes:

[0064] The battery status parameters of the lithium battery module are acquired in real time through multi-source sensors; the battery status parameters include: voltage, current, temperature, state of charge (SOC) and state of health (SOH).

[0065] In this embodiment, a voltage sensor measures the voltage of a single lithium-ion battery module. A current sensor measures the charging and discharging current of the battery. Commonly used current sensors include shunt resistors and Hall effect sensors, typically installed on the positive or negative cable of the battery pack. The current information is used to calculate the State of Charge (SOC), prevent overcharging and over-discharging, and detect abnormal leakage current. Simultaneously, the voltage and current data can be used to estimate the battery's state of charge and health, preventing overcharging or over-discharging. Temperature sensors, such as thermistors and infrared temperature sensors, measure the battery temperature to prevent overheating or overcooling. These sensors are typically placed in multiple locations within the battery pack to understand the temperature distribution in different areas.

[0066] Step S102: Automatically adjust the voltage of the lithium battery module according to the battery status parameters.

[0067] As a preferred embodiment, automatically adjusting the voltage of the lithium battery module based on the battery state parameters specifically includes:

[0068] Based on the state of charge of the lithium battery module at different time periods, the change value of the state of charge between each adjacent preset time period is calculated.

[0069] When the change in state of charge exceeds a preset threshold, an active balancing strategy is initiated. During the execution of the active balancing strategy, the capacity balancing difference is determined based on the constant current charging curve and DC internal resistance of the lithium battery module, as well as the battery capacity decay factor. Based on the capacity balancing difference and the temperature data, a dynamic voltage adaptive threshold is determined. In this way, the voltage of the lithium battery module is automatically adjusted by combining the dynamic voltage adaptive threshold and the voltage.

[0070] In this embodiment, the remaining capacity of the battery is calculated by measuring the charge and discharge current of the battery and integrating the current over time, so as to calculate the state of charge of the current lithium battery module, that is, the capacity detection of the lithium battery module is realized, and the charge and discharge curve of the lithium battery module is determined by the current and voltage in the battery state parameters obtained in real time. Among them, the charge and discharge curve includes: a constant current charging curve; furthermore, in combination with the temperature in the battery state parameters of the lithium battery module obtained in real time, the actual available capacity (SOC) of the lithium battery module is calculated, and finally, based on the set capacity of the lithium battery module and in combination with a preset capacity attenuation factor, the capacity balance difference degree (ΔSOC) is calculated.

[0071] In this embodiment, the preset capacity attenuation factor is greater than 0 and less than or equal to 1, and can be set according to the parameters of the actual lithium battery module itself and the scale of the distribution network involved in the regulation. In addition, the DC internal resistance can be obtained by applying a small-amplitude (usually about 10 mV) sinusoidal AC voltage signal across the battery, measuring the response current of the battery to the AC voltage signal, obtaining the phase difference and amplitude ratio of the current and voltage, converting the measured voltage and current signals into frequency-domain data to obtain the impedance spectrum of the battery, and finally obtaining the DC internal resistance of the lithium battery module.

[0072] In this embodiment, through the calculated capacity balance difference degree, as well as the preset aging coefficient, the maximum temperature difference between battery cells, the temperature coefficient, and the nominal threshold of a new battery at room temperature, the dynamic voltage adaptive threshold ΔV is calculated, and finally, the voltage of the lithium battery module is automatically adjusted dynamically according to the dynamic voltage adaptive threshold.

[0073] Among them, ΔV = Vbase × (1 + kT·ΔTmax + kSOH·ΔSOH), where Vbase is the nominal threshold of a new battery at room temperature, kT is the temperature coefficient, ΔTmax is the maximum temperature difference value between battery cells, kSOH is the aging coefficient (preferably, kSOH = 0.3 - 0.5), and ΔSOH is the health balance difference degree.

[0074] In this embodiment,示例性ly, the voltage V_th of the lithium battery module is obtained in real time, and when ΔV < V_th × ½, no monitoring action is taken; when V_th × ½ ≤ ΔV < V_th, small-current pre-balancing is performed, where the range of the small-current pre-balancing is 0.1 - 0.3 A and the response time is at the minute level; when ΔV ≥ V_th, full-speed balancing is performed, and the current intensity is 0.5 - 2 A and the response time is at the second level; when ΔV > V_th × 2, emergency balancing and safety protection are performed, and the current intensity is the maximum current of the lithium battery module and the response time is at the millisecond level.

[0075] Step S103: Based on the battery status parameters, perform fault analysis on the lithium battery module and issue a safety alarm when a fault occurs.

[0076] As a preferred embodiment, fault analysis is performed on the lithium battery module based on the battery state parameters, and a safety alarm is triggered when a fault occurs, specifically including:

[0077] Calculate voltage fluctuation data based on the voltage;

[0078] When the voltage fluctuation data exceeds a preset range, the temperature change gradient is determined based on the temperature, and the local temperature rise of the lithium battery module is detected. When the local temperature rise exceeds the preset temperature of its adjacent area, the resistance data of the lithium battery module is determined based on the current. Then, when the resistance data exceeds a preset fault threshold, a safety alarm signal for the fault state is generated to trigger a safety alarm.

[0079] In this embodiment, by acquiring the voltage in the battery status parameters in real time, it is possible to detect and calculate the voltage fluctuation data over a period of time and calculate the voltage standard deviation. When the fluctuation amplitude exceeds a preset range, preferably 0-30mV, and the voltage fluctuation data exceeds 0-30mV, especially when the voltage fluctuation data is greater than 30mV, it is necessary to combine the temperature in the battery status parameters for further analysis.

[0080] In this embodiment, the module temperature distribution gradient is calculated using the temperature from the real-time acquired battery state parameters. An infrared temperature sensor can be used to acquire temperature data of the lithium battery module in various regions. By integrating the temperatures of each region over a certain time period, the module temperature distribution gradient can be determined, and the local temperature rise of the lithium battery module can be detected and calculated. The lithium battery module is pre-divided into multiple regions, which can be manually defined. The local temperature rise refers to the temperature increase in each region of the lithium battery module. For example, if the difference between the local temperature rise of a certain region and the local temperature rise of its adjacent regions exceeds a preset temperature (preferably 3°C), then the current in the lithium battery module needs to be further determined to avoid short circuits. Furthermore, the local temperature rise can also be negative; a negative local temperature rise indicates that the real-time local temperature in that region is decreasing.

[0081] In this embodiment, the internal resistance of the lithium battery module is detected and calculated by combining the current data and voltage data from the real-time battery status parameters. This determines whether there is an open circuit or short circuit in the lithium battery module. Finally, the calculated internal resistance is compared with the resistance of a normal lithium battery module during operation to determine whether the current lithium battery module is in a fault state, thereby triggering a safety alarm.

[0082] Implementing the above embodiments has the following effects:

[0083] The technical solution of this invention utilizes a lithium battery module and a battery management module. The battery management module enables balancing, protection, and communication functions for the lithium battery module, allowing for refined management and optimized control of the battery pack, improving energy utilization efficiency, and reducing operating costs. Simultaneously, the monitoring, balancing, and fault modules within the battery management module ensure real-time monitoring, dynamic balancing adjustment and control of the lithium battery module, as well as fault alarms. This ensures the stability and continuity of the lithium battery module in the power system and guarantees timely response and balancing adjustment and handling of backup power failures, thereby improving backup power reliability.

[0084] It should be noted that, for the sake of simplicity, the foregoing method embodiments are all described as a series of actions. However, those skilled in the art should understand that the present invention is not limited to the described order of actions, because according to the present invention, some steps can be performed in other orders or simultaneously. Furthermore, those skilled in the art should also understand that the embodiments described in the specification are preferred embodiments, and the actions and modules involved are not necessarily essential to the present invention.

[0085] The present invention also provides a storage medium, which is a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program thereon, the computer program being executable when it runs. Figure 3 The method shown may include some or all of the steps. The storage medium may include read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), magnetic disk, or optical disk, etc. The storage medium may also include non-volatile memory or non-transitory memory, etc.

[0086] The above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, by software, hardware, firmware, or any other combination thereof. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented, in whole or in part, as a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, all or part of the processes or functions described in the embodiments of this application are generated. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server, or data provider to another website, computer, server, or data provider via wired or wireless means.

[0087] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above. Specific implementation methods have been used to illustrate the present invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the methods and systems of the present invention, and are merely some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention, and the content of this specification should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention. Therefore, any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A backup power supply for a distribution network automation terminal, characterized in that, include: A lithium battery module and a battery management module; the lithium battery module is connected to the battery management module. The lithium battery module includes several individual lithium batteries connected in series and parallel; the battery management module includes a monitoring module, an equalization module, and a fault module. The monitoring module is used to monitor the battery status parameters of the lithium battery module in real time. The equalization module is used to adjust the voltage of the lithium battery module according to the battery state parameters; The fault module is used to perform fault analysis on the lithium battery module based on the battery status parameters, and to issue a safety alarm when a fault occurs.

2. The backup power supply for the distribution network automation terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The backup power supply of the distribution network automation terminal also includes a communication module, which is used to send the battery status parameters and the fault status to the server master station and to perform remote data interaction with the server master station.

3. The backup power supply for the distribution network automation terminal according to claim 2, characterized in that, The communication module is also used for: The system receives control data sent by the server master station and parses the control data to obtain the voltage control information of the lithium battery module. The voltage control information is sent to the equalization module so that the equalization module can adjust and control the voltage of the lithium battery module according to the voltage control information.

4. The backup power supply for the distribution network automation terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery status parameters include: voltage, current, temperature, state of charge, and state of health. The equalization module calculates the change value of the state of charge between each adjacent preset time based on the state of charge of the lithium battery module at each time period. When the change in state of charge exceeds a preset threshold, an active balancing strategy is initiated. During the execution of the active balancing strategy, the capacity balancing difference is determined based on the constant current charging curve and DC internal resistance of the lithium battery module, as well as the battery capacity decay factor. Based on the capacity balancing difference and the temperature data, a dynamic voltage adaptive threshold is determined. The voltage of the lithium battery module is then adjusted by combining the dynamic voltage adaptive threshold and the voltage.

5. The backup power supply for the distribution network automation terminal according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fault module calculates voltage fluctuation data based on the voltage. When the voltage fluctuation data exceeds a preset range, the temperature change gradient is determined based on the temperature, and the local temperature rise of the lithium battery module is detected. When the local temperature rise exceeds a preset temperature in its adjacent area, the resistance data of the lithium battery module is determined based on the current. Then, when the resistance data exceeds a preset fault threshold, a safety alarm signal for the fault state is generated to trigger a safety alarm.

6. The backup power supply for the distribution network automation terminal according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lithium battery module is also equipped with a fire extinguishing disc; the fire extinguishing disc is used to monitor the temperature information of the lithium battery module, and automatically breaks after generating a fire signal when the temperature information is within the preset fire data conditions, so as to release fire extinguishing gas.

7. A method for monitoring backup power supply in a distribution network automation terminal, characterized in that, Performed by the battery management module as described in any one of claims 1-6, specifically including: Real-time monitoring of battery status parameters of lithium battery modules; Adjust the voltage of the lithium battery module according to the battery status parameters; Based on the battery status parameters, fault analysis is performed on the lithium battery module, and a safety alarm is triggered when a fault occurs.

8. The method for monitoring backup power supply of a distribution network automation terminal as described in claim 7, characterized in that, The real-time monitoring of the battery status parameters of the lithium battery module specifically includes: The battery status parameters of the lithium battery module are acquired in real time through multi-source sensors; wherein the battery status parameters include: voltage, current, temperature, state of charge and health status.

9. The method for monitoring backup power supply of a distribution network automation terminal as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The step of adjusting the voltage of the lithium battery module according to the battery state parameters specifically includes: Based on the state of charge of the lithium battery module at different time periods, the change value of the state of charge between each adjacent preset time period is calculated. When the change in state of charge exceeds a preset threshold, an active balancing strategy is initiated. During the execution of the active balancing strategy, the capacity balancing difference is determined based on the constant current charging curve and DC internal resistance of the lithium battery module, as well as the battery capacity decay factor. Based on the capacity balancing difference and the temperature data, a dynamic voltage adaptive threshold is determined. The voltage of the lithium battery module is then adjusted by combining the dynamic voltage adaptive threshold and the voltage.

10. The method for monitoring backup power supply of a distribution network automation terminal as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The step of performing fault analysis on the lithium battery module based on the battery state parameters and issuing a safety alarm when the fault state occurs specifically includes: Calculate voltage fluctuation data based on the voltage; When the voltage fluctuation data exceeds a preset range, the temperature change gradient is determined based on the temperature, and the local temperature rise of the lithium battery module is detected. When the local temperature rise exceeds a preset temperature in its adjacent area, the resistance data of the lithium battery module is determined based on the current. Then, when the resistance data exceeds a preset fault threshold, a safety alarm signal for the fault state is generated to trigger a safety alarm.

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