Premix for improving disease-resistant characteristic of tristernum dulcis

Abstract

The invention provides a premix capable of improving the disease resistance characteristic of Taiwan urchin, which is prepared from the following components in percentage by mass: 15 to 16 percent of fructus gardeniae, 9 to 12 percent of honeysuckle flower, 15 to 16 percent of dandelion, 10 to 13 percent of gypsum, 10 to 13 percent of radix bupleuri, 12 to 15 percent of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 10 to 12 percent of pericarpium citri reticulatae and 10 to 13 percent of radix notoginseng which are treated, and the sum of all the components is 100 percent, and the premix is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 10 to 13 percent of fructus gardeniae, 9 to 12 percent of honeysuckle flower, 15 to 16 percent of dandelion, 10 to 13 percent of gypsum, 10 to 13 percent of radix bupleuri, 12 to 15 percent of rhizoma anemarrhenae, 10 to 12 percent of pericarpium citri reticulatae and 10 to 13 percent of radix notoginseng. The preparation method comprises the following steps: grinding the raw materials by an ultrafine grinder, enabling all the raw materials to pass through a 200-mesh screen, uniformly mixing to obtain a premix, adding 0.1-0.2% by weight of the premix into the echinacea fortunei feed, and uniformly mixing to obtain the echinacea fortunei feed. The premix for improving the disease-resistant characteristic of the white-spiny sea urchin not only can effectively regulate the immune function of the white-spiny sea urchin and enhance the resistance of the white-spiny sea urchin to aquatic diseases, but also can remarkably accelerate the growth rate of the white-spiny sea urchin, so that the breeding yield is increased, and powerful support is provided for efficient and healthy breeding of the white-spiny sea urchin.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of aquaculture, more particularly, to a premix for improving the disease resistance of Tripneustes gratilla. BACKGROUND

[0002] Tripneustes gratilla, also known as Tripneustes gratilla, belongs to the phylum Echinodermata, class Echinoidea, order Camarodonta, and family Toxicodonta. It mainly inhabits shallow sandy bottom sea areas with a depth of 1-10 meters, especially the complex ecological system of the transition zone between seagrass beds and coral reefs, and is widely distributed in the echinoid animals in the tropical waters of the Indian Ocean to the western Pacific Ocean. Tripneustes gratilla is highly praised by people due to its rich nutrients and strong effects of strengthening essence, invigorating yang, benefiting heart, strengthening bones, and tonifying blood. It is regarded as an excellent delicacy. At present, the market demand for Tripneustes gratilla is increasing, and its breeding technology is also continuously improving. Generally, it is mainly bred in ponds or factory high-density breeding mode. Due to the high requirement for water quality, artificial feed is often used to adapt to high-density breeding during the breeding process.

[0003] However, the existing Tripneustes gratilla has the following problems during breeding: With the continuous expansion of the breeding scale of Tripneustes gratilla, natural bait cannot meet the feeding needs, and the demand for artificial feed is also increasing. However, during the process of using artificial feed to feed Tripneustes gratilla, due to the change of breeding environment and degeneration of germplasm, diseases frequently occur, and even a large number of infections and deaths occur. At the same time, during the breeding process of Tripneustes gratilla, there are also phenomena such as slow growth, which seriously damages the economic benefits of breeders.

[0004] The present application preferably uses gardenia, honeysuckle, dandelion, gypsum, radix bupleuri, radix anemarrhena, dried tangerine or orange peel, and radix notoginseng as raw materials, which have the effects of regulating immune function, antibacterial and bacteriostatic, and are rich in vitamins and minerals. Under the premise of ensuring the improvement of the disease resistance of the body, the palatability problem is fully considered, which not only can improve the survival rate of Tripneustes gratilla, but also can promote the growth rate and improve the yield. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to solve the technical problems in the background art, and provides a premix for improving the disease resistance of Tripneustes gratilla.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application provides the following technical scheme: a premix for improving the disease resistance of Strongylocentrotus nudus, which is composed of gardenia, honeysuckle, dandelion, gypsum, bupleurum, anemarrhena, dried tangerine or orange peel and sanchi ginseng, and the components are as follows in mass percentage: 15-16% of treated gardenia, 9-12% of honeysuckle, 15-16% of dandelion, 10-13% of gypsum, 10-13% of bupleurum, 12-15% of anemarrhena, 10-12% of dried tangerine or orange peel, and 10-13% of sanchi ginseng, and the total of the components is 100%, the raw materials are crushed by a super micro grinder, all pass through a 200-mesh screen, and then are mixed uniformly to obtain the premix, which is added into the feed of Strongylocentrotus nudus at a weight percentage of 0.1-0.2%, and then is mixed uniformly.

[0007] Further preferred scheme: the premix is composed of the following components in mass percentage: 16% of gardenia 16 kg, 11% of honeysuckle 11 kg, 16% of dandelion 16 kg, 10% of gypsum 10 kg, 12% of bupleurum 12 kg, 15% of anemarrhena 15 kg, 10% of dried tangerine or orange peel 10 kg, and 10% of sanchi ginseng 10 kg, the premix is crushed by a super micro grinder, all pass through a 200-mesh screen, and then is mixed uniformly and added into the compound feed of Strongylocentrotus nudus at a proportion of 0.2 wt%.

[0008] Further preferred scheme: the premix is composed of the following components in mass percentage: 16% of gardenia 16 kg, 11% of honeysuckle 11 kg, 15% of dandelion 15 kg, 11% of gypsum 11 kg, 11% of bupleurum 11 kg, 15% of anemarrhena 15 kg, 11% of dried tangerine or orange peel 11 kg, and 10% of sanchi ginseng 10 kg, the premix is crushed by a super micro grinder, all pass through a 200-mesh screen, and then is mixed uniformly and added into the compound feed of Strongylocentrotus nudus at a proportion of 0.2 wt%.

[0009] Further preferred scheme: the premix is composed of the following components in mass percentage: 15% of gardenia 15 kg, 12% of honeysuckle 12 kg, 16% of dandelion 16 kg, 10% of gypsum 10 kg, 12% of bupleurum 12 kg, 14% of anemarrhena 14 kg, 10% of dried tangerine or orange peel 10 kg, and 10% of sanchi ginseng 11 kg, the premix is crushed by a super micro grinder, all pass through a 200-mesh screen, and then is mixed uniformly and added into the compound feed of Strongylocentrotus nudus at a proportion of 0.2 wt%.

[0010] Further preferred: the premix is composed of the following components in mass fraction: 15% of gardenia 15 kg, 11% of honeysuckle 11 kg, 15% of dandelion 15 kg, 10% of gypsum 13 kg, 10% of bupleurum 10 kg, 13% of anemarrhena 13 kg, 10% of dried tangerine or orange peel 10 kg, 10% of panax notoginseng 13 kg, the premix is crushed by a super micro grinder, all pass through a 200 mesh screen, and is added into the white spine three-row sea urchin compound feed in a proportion of 0.2wt%. Beneficial effects:

[0011] 1. By using common Chinese herbal medicines as main raw materials, the raw materials are widely distributed in nature, have abundant resources, and are easy to obtain through various channels and simple processes. The wide source range reduces the dependence on specific regions or environments, and the easy-to-obtain feature greatly simplifies the raw material procurement process, helps to control production costs, and creates favorable conditions for large-scale production. 2. By selecting Chinese herbal medicines with no toxic side effects and no hormones, the environment is not easily polluted, and no residues are produced in the sea urchin body, which guarantees the safety of breeding from the source. In addition, the use method is simple and easy to understand, the operation process is easy to master, and the raw material cost is low, so the overall production and application cost is controllable, and it has strong practicality and popularization value. 3. In summary, the premix for improving the disease resistance of white spine three-row sea urchins can effectively regulate the immune function of white spine three-row sea urchins, enhance their resistance to aquatic diseases, significantly accelerate their growth rate, and thus improve the yield of breeding, providing strong support for efficient and healthy breeding of white spine three-row sea urchins, and having important significance for the intensive breeding and sustainable development of white spine three-row sea urchins. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0012] Fig. 1 The figure is a diagram showing the effect of different test materials of the present application on the survival rate of white spine three-row sea urchins.

[0013] Fig. 2 The figure is a diagram showing the effect of the white spine three-row sea urchin premix of the present application on the final body weight of white spine three-row sea urchins. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Figs. 1-2 The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Please refer to Figs. 1-2In the embodiment of the present application, a premix for improving the disease resistance of Strongylocentrotus nudus, which is composed of gardenia, honeysuckle, dandelion, gypsum, bupleurum, anemarrhena, dried tangerine or orange peel, and sanchi ginseng, and the components are as follows in percentage by mass: 15-16% of treated gardenia, 9-12% of honeysuckle, 15-16% of dandelion, 10-13% of gypsum, 10-13% of bupleurum, 12-15% of anemarrhena, 10-12% of dried tangerine or orange peel, and 10-13% of sanchi ginseng, with the total of the components being 100%. The raw materials are crushed by a super micro grinder, all pass through a 200-mesh screen, and are mixed uniformly to obtain the premix. The premix is added to the feed of Strongylocentrotus nudus in a percentage by weight of 0.1-0.2%, and is mixed uniformly. The same basic formula of full-price feed is used as the test feed, and the feed of the control group A is not added with the premix for Strongylocentrotus nudus. Example One

[0016] The premix is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 16% of gardenia 16 kg, 11% of honeysuckle 11 kg, 16% of dandelion 16 kg, 10% of gypsum 10 kg, 12% of bupleurum 12 kg, 15% of anemarrhena 15 kg, 10% of dried tangerine or orange peel 10 kg, and 10% of sanchi ginseng 10 kg. The premix is crushed by a super micro grinder, all pass through a 200-mesh screen, and is mixed uniformly. The premix is added to the feed of Strongylocentrotus nudus in a percentage by weight of 0.2%, and the feed of the control group B is added with the premix of the example in a dosage of 0.2%. Example Two

[0017] The premix is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 16% of gardenia 16 kg, 11% of honeysuckle 11 kg, 15% of dandelion 15 kg, 11% of gypsum 11 kg, 11% of bupleurum 11 kg, 15% of anemarrhena 15 kg, 11% of dried tangerine or orange peel 11 kg, and 10% of sanchi ginseng 10 kg. The premix is crushed by a super micro grinder, all pass through a 200-mesh screen, and is mixed uniformly. The premix is added to the feed of Strongylocentrotus nudus in a percentage by weight of 0.2%, and the feed of the control group C is added with the premix of the example in a dosage of 0.2%. Example Three

[0018] The premix is composed of the following components in percentage by mass: 15% of gardenia 15 kg, 12% of honeysuckle 12 kg, 16% of dandelion 16 kg, 10% of gypsum 10 kg, 12% of bupleurum 12 kg, 14% of anemarrhena 14 kg, 10% of dried tangerine or orange peel 10 kg, and 10% of sanchi ginseng 11 kg. The premix is crushed by a super micro grinder, all pass through a 200-mesh screen, and is mixed uniformly. The premix is added to the feed of Strongylocentrotus nudus in a percentage by weight of 0.2%, and the feed of the control group D is added with the premix of the example in a dosage of 0.2%. Example Four

[0019] The premix is composed of the following components in mass parts: 15% of gardenia 15 kg, 11% of honeysuckle 11 kg, 15% of dandelion 15 kg, 10% of gypsum 13 kg, 10% of bupleurum 10 kg, 13% of anemarrhena 13 kg, 10% of dried tangerine or orange peel 10 kg, and 10% of panax notoginseng 13 kg. The premix is crushed by a super-micro pulverizer, and all are passed through a 200-mesh screen. After being uniformly mixed, the premix is added to the white spine three-row sea urchin compound feed at a proportion of 0.2 wt%. The control group E is fed with the premix of this example at a dose of 0.2%.

[0020] In the above examples, healthy and vigorous white spine three-row sea urchins are selected, and 450 white spine three-row sea urchins with an average weight of 6.32 g are randomly divided into 5 groups of 30 sea urchins each after temporary cultivation for 15 days. The sea urchins are cultivated in separate net cages in the same pool and are fed with the feed of groups A, B, C, D and E described in the above examples, respectively. The feeding amount is 1-2 wt.% of the body weight of the white spine three-row sea urchins per day, and the sea urchins are fed twice a day at 8:00 in the morning and 5:30 in the afternoon. The cultivation period is 15 weeks, and the number of dead white spine three-row sea urchins is recorded during the cultivation. At the end of the test, the white spine three-row sea urchins are sampled after being starved for 24 h, and the body weight is recorded. The test data are represented by the average value ± standard deviation, and the SPSS18.0 software is used for single-factor variance analysis and multiple comparisons. The survival rate of the white spine three-row sea urchins in each test group is shown in Table 2, and the gonad weight of the white spine three-row sea urchins in each test group is shown in Table 3. Fig. 1 Fig. 1 As shown in Table 2, the survival rate of the white spine three-row sea urchins in the B-E test groups reaches more than 92.22%, which is significantly higher than that of the control group A, and there is a significant difference (P<0.05). Among the B-E test groups, the survival rate of the D group is the highest, which is 97.78%, followed by the B group, the E group and the C group, but there is no significant difference in the survival rate among the B-E test groups. It can be known that the premix designed in the application can significantly improve the survival rate of the white spine three-row sea urchins, and the test further reveals that the reasonable collocation of different components is beneficial to further improving the growth effect. Fig. 2 Fig. 2 ​​​It can be seen that the final body weight of the B to E test groups added with the white spine three-row sea urchin premix reaches more than 19.98 g, which is obviously higher than that of the control group A, and there is a significant difference (P<0.05); among the B to E test groups, the final body weight of the D group is the highest, which is 20.76 g, followed by the B group, the E group and the C group, but there is no significant difference in the final body weight among the B to E test groups. From the above examples, it can be seen that the premix provided by the application is especially suitable for the cultivation of white spine three-row sea urchins, which can not only regulate the body immunity of the white spine three-row sea urchins, effectively improve the survival rate, but also improve the growth rate of the white spine three-row sea urchins, and has great economic potential.

Claims

1. A premixed feed for improving the disease resistance of *Urtica triloba*, characterized in that: This premix consists of gardenia, honeysuckle, dandelion, gypsum, bupleurum, anemarrhena, tangerine peel, and notoginseng. By weight percentage, its components are: 15-16% gardenia, 9-12% honeysuckle, 15-16% dandelion, 10-13% gypsum, 10-13% bupleurum, 12-15% anemarrhena, 10-12% tangerine peel, and 10-13% notoginseng, all processed. The total of these components is 100%. The raw materials are pulverized using an ultrafine grinder and passed through a 200-mesh sieve. After thorough mixing, the premix is ​​obtained. It is then added to the feed for white-spined sea urchins at a weight percentage of 0.1-0.2% and mixed thoroughly.

2. The premixed feed for improving the disease resistance of *Urtica triloba* according to claim 1, characterized in that: The premix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 16 kg of 16% gardenia, 11 kg of 11% honeysuckle, 16 kg of 16% dandelion, 10 kg of 10% gypsum, 12 kg of 12% bupleurum, 15 kg of 15% anemarrhena, 10 kg of 10% dried tangerine peel, and 10 kg of 10% notoginseng. The premix is ​​pulverized by an ultra-fine pulverizer, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and mixed evenly. It is then added to the compound feed of sea urchins with spiny spiny spines at a ratio of 0.2 wt%.

3. The premixed feed for improving the disease resistance of *Ulmus pumila* as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The premix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 16 kg of 16% gardenia, 11 kg of 11% honeysuckle, 15 kg of 15% dandelion, 11 kg of 11% gypsum, 11 kg of 11% bupleurum, 15 kg of 15% anemarrhena, 11 kg of tangerine peel, and 10 kg of 10% notoginseng. The premix is ​​pulverized by an ultra-fine pulverizer, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and mixed evenly. It is then added to the compound feed of sea urchins with white spiny spines at a ratio of 0.2 wt%.

4. The premixed feed for improving the disease resistance of *Urtica triloba* according to claim 1, characterized in that: The premix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 15 kg of 15% gardenia, 12 kg of 12% honeysuckle, 16 kg of 16% dandelion, 10 kg of 10% gypsum, 12 kg of 12% bupleurum, 14 kg of 14% anemarrhena, 10 kg of 10% dried tangerine peel, and 11 kg of 10% notoginseng. The premix is ​​pulverized by an ultra-fine pulverizer, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and mixed evenly. It is then added to the compound feed of sea urchins with white spiny spines at a ratio of 0.2 wt%.

5. The premixed feed for improving the disease resistance of *Urtica triloba* according to claim 1, characterized in that: The premix consists of the following components in parts by weight: 15 kg of 15% gardenia, 11 kg of 11% honeysuckle, 15 kg of 15% dandelion, 13 kg of 10% gypsum, 10 kg of 10% bupleurum, 13 kg of 13% anemarrhena, 10 kg of tangerine peel, and 13 kg of 10% notoginseng. The premix is ​​pulverized by an ultra-fine pulverizer, passed through a 200-mesh sieve, and mixed evenly. It is then added to the compound feed of sea urchins with spiny spiny spines at a ratio of 0.2 wt%.

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