Vertical gear grinding machine tool

Abstract

The invention relates to a vertical gear grinding machine tool which comprises a machine tool body, a sliding table, a stand column, an integrated grinding wheel box and a workpiece box. The integrated grinding wheel box is provided with a grinding wheel main shaft and an eccentric main shaft, the workpiece box is provided with a workpiece main shaft used for installing a gear to be machined, the grinding wheel main shaft rotates along the axis of the grinding wheel main shaft, and meanwhile the grinding wheel main shaft rotates along the axis of the eccentric main shaft; the stand column is provided with a linear motor used for driving the integrated grinding wheel box to move up and down in the Z direction, and the linear motor is connected with the integrated grinding wheel box so as to drive the integrated grinding wheel box to conduct step-by-step feeding in the Z direction. And the integrated grinding wheel box is driven to grind the tooth surface machined by each step-by-step feeding in a reciprocating vibration mode. Under the condition that the tooth surface is not burnt, the machine tool can finish the function of milling instead of grinding of the gear, so that the trial-manufacturing cost of a production enterprise is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gear machine tool technology, and more specifically to a vertical gear grinding machine tool that uses a grinding wheel to process gears. Background Technology

[0002] Gear machining is a crucial part of mechanical manufacturing, and the quality of the machining method directly affects the precision, lifespan, and performance of the gears.

[0003] Gear milling is a common gear machining method. Its basic principle involves fixing the gear blank in a machine tool fixture and then machining it using a high-speed rotating milling cutter. Gear milling offers advantages such as high machining accuracy and efficiency, and is suitable for machining spur and helical cylindrical gears. The key to gear milling lies in selecting a suitable milling cutter and adjusting the cutting parameters to ensure the gear's accuracy and surface quality.

[0004] Gear grinding is a precision gear machining method. Its basic principle is to grind the tooth surface using a grinding stone and grinding fluid to obtain a precise tooth profile and surface roughness. Gear grinding offers high machining accuracy and good surface quality, making it suitable for machining high-precision gears. The key to gear grinding lies in selecting suitable grinding stones and grinding fluids, as well as adjusting grinding parameters to ensure the gear's accuracy and surface quality.

[0005] Gear hobbing is a highly efficient and economical gear machining method. Its basic principle is to cut the gear blank using the rotary motion of a hob. Gear hobbing has advantages such as high machining efficiency and low cost, making it suitable for mass production of medium-precision gears. The key to gear hobbing lies in selecting a suitable hob and adjusting the cutting parameters to ensure the gear's accuracy and surface quality.

[0006] Gear shaping is a common gear machining method. Its basic principle is to cut the gear blank using the reciprocating motion of a shaping tool. Gear shaping has advantages such as high machining accuracy and applicability to various gear types. The key to gear shaping lies in selecting a suitable shaping tool and adjusting the cutting parameters to ensure the gear's accuracy and surface quality.

[0007] The above are some common gear machining methods, each with its own characteristics and applicable scope. In actual production, the appropriate machining method should be selected based on the gear's precision, material, batch size, and other requirements to ensure the gear's quality and performance.

[0008] Nowadays, processing enterprises have relatively strict cost control. In order to save costs, when making small-batch trial production of gears, they generally do not prepare corresponding gear cutting tools and corresponding machine tools. The adoption of grinding instead of milling process has become a new demand.

[0009] However, when using grinding instead of milling on traditional gear machine tools, the top of the grinding wheel is always in contact with the bottom of the gear groove in the Z-direction feed direction, which prevents coolant from entering the bottom of the gear groove. This can easily cause the grinding wheel to become clogged, resulting in burns at the bottom of the gear, increased spindle power, and eventually exceeding the rated power alarm, making it impossible to continue machining. Summary of the Invention

[0010] The purpose of this invention is to provide a vertical gear grinding machine tool to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a vertical gear grinding machine tool, comprising a bed, a slide, a column, an integrated grinding wheel box, and a workpiece box; the slide is mounted above the bed via an X-axis guide rail, and the slide can move laterally relative to the bed in the X direction; the column is mounted above the slide via a Y-axis guide rail, and the column can move back and forth relative to the slide in the Y direction; the integrated grinding wheel box is mounted on the front side of the column via a Z-axis guide rail, and the integrated grinding wheel box can move up and down relative to the column in the Z direction;

[0012] The integrated grinding wheel box is equipped with a grinding wheel spindle and an eccentric spindle with an eccentricity t. The workpiece box is equipped with a workpiece spindle for mounting the gear to be processed. During operation, the grinding wheel spindle rotates along the axis of the grinding wheel spindle, and at the same time, the grinding wheel spindle rotates along the axis of the eccentric spindle. Through the combined motion, the inner side of the grinding wheel contacts and grinds the right tooth surface of the gear to be processed, and the outer side of the grinding wheel contacts and grinds the left tooth surface of the gear to be processed.

[0013] The column is equipped with a linear motor for driving the integrated grinding wheel box to move up and down along the Z direction. The linear motor is connected to the integrated grinding wheel box to drive the integrated grinding wheel box to perform step-by-step feeding along the Z direction, and to drive the integrated grinding wheel box to grind the tooth surface processed by each step-by-step feeding in a reciprocating vibration manner.

[0014] Optionally, a vertical balancing cylinder is provided between the integrated grinding wheel box and the column to balance the weight of the integrated grinding wheel box.

[0015] Optionally, the top of the column is provided with a forward-extending cantilever, and there is one balancing cylinder located in the middle of the integrated grinding wheel box and close to the column; the upper end of the balancing cylinder is connected to the cantilever, and the lower end of the balancing cylinder is connected to the integrated grinding wheel box.

[0016] Optionally, the integrated grinding wheel box and the Z-axis guide rail of the column are equipped with a clamping system to lock the Z-axis guide rail when the machine tool loses power.

[0017] Optionally, the linear motor drives the integrated grinding wheel box to feed in steps along the Z direction in a range of 0.05mm-0.15mm; and / or, the linear motor drives the integrated grinding wheel box to reciprocate at a vibration frequency of 18 Hz-25Hz, and the reciprocating stroke range is 0.005mm-0.01mm.

[0018] Optionally, the column is provided with a linear motor receiving part, and the linear motor is installed in the column in an embedded manner.

[0019] Optionally, the integrated grinding wheel box includes a lifting support and at least one auxiliary functional unit. The lifting support includes a horizontal extension platform and a back expansion plate. The back expansion plate is mounted on the front side of the column via a Z-axis guide rail. The lifting support can move up and down relative to the column along the Z-direction. The horizontal extension platform and the back expansion plate are L-shaped in longitudinal section, forming an open upper accommodating space.

[0020] Optionally, it also includes a grinding wheel spindle motor and an eccentric spindle motor. The lower surface of the horizontally extended platform has a downwardly extending spindle mounting part at the center position. The grinding wheel spindle and the eccentric spindle are mounted on the spindle mounting part. The power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle and the eccentric spindle extend from the spindle mounting part into the upper receiving space. The grinding wheel spindle motor and the eccentric spindle motor are located in the upper receiving space and are respectively connected to the power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle and the eccentric spindle through a transmission mechanism.

[0021] Optionally, the grinding wheel spindle motor and the eccentric spindle motor are offset and arranged beside the power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle and the eccentric spindle; the grinding wheel spindle motor is installed at a position offset from the axis of the grinding wheel spindle and is connected to the rotational power input end of the grinding wheel spindle through a first belt drive mechanism; the eccentric spindle motor is installed at a position offset from the axis of the eccentric spindle and is connected to the eccentric power input end of the eccentric spindle through a second belt drive mechanism.

[0022] Optionally, the portion of the auxiliary function unit within the upper accommodating space is located beside the power input end of the grinding wheel spindle and the eccentric spindle. The auxiliary function unit has a component that passes through the horizontal extension platform and connects to the portion located outside the upper accommodating space. The horizontal extension platform is provided with holes corresponding to the components passing through the horizontal extension platform.

[0023] The vertical gear grinding machine provided by this invention operates by rotating the grinding wheel at high speed along its own axis, while the grinding wheel spindle rotates at high speed along the eccentric spindle axis. This combined motion causes the inner side of the grinding wheel to contact and grind the right tooth surface, and the outer side of the grinding wheel to contact and grind the left tooth surface. The intermittent grinding allows the coolant to flush the inner and outer sides of the grinding wheel, and also cools the left and right tooth surfaces of the gear to be processed. Furthermore, because a linear motor drives the integrated grinding wheel box to feed in steps along the Z direction, and grinds the tooth surface processed by each step feed through reciprocating vibration, the top of the grinding wheel does not contact the bottom of the gear groove during vibration. This allows the coolant to flush the top of the grinding wheel and cool the bottom of the gear groove, avoiding tooth burn and grinding wheel blockage caused by continuous contact. This reduces spindle power and ultimately achieves powerful grinding, thus completing the gear grinding function without burning the tooth surface, thereby reducing the trial production cost for manufacturing enterprises. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical gear grinding machine provided in the first embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the working state of a vertical gear grinding machine tool processing gears through eccentric compound motion and high-frequency vibration.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a planar sectional view of an integrated grinding wheel box according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] The annotations in the attached figures are explained as follows:

[0028] 10. Bed; 20. Slide; 30. Column; 31. Overhang; 40. Integrated grinding wheel box; 401. Horizontal extension platform; 402. Back expansion plate; 4021. Main stiffening plate; 4022. Secondary stiffening plate; 403. First side plate; 404. Second side plate; 41. Grinding wheel spindle; 42. Eccentric spindle; 43. Spindle mounting part; 44. Grinding wheel spindle motor; 45. Eccentric spindle motor; 46. Cooling nozzle follow-up unit; 461. Cooling nozzle follow-up unit 462. Motor; 463. Cooling nozzle; 47. Lifting rod; 48. Online measurement unit; 49. Online measurement drive cylinder; 50. Workpiece box; 51. Workpiece spindle; 60. X-axis guide rail; 70. Y-axis guide rail; 80. Z-axis guide rail; 81. First Z-axis guide rail; 82. Second Z-axis guide rail; 90. Balancing cylinder; 100. Linear motor; 110. Clamping system; 200. Grinding wheel; 300. Gear; 301. Right tooth surface; 302. Left tooth surface. Detailed Implementation

[0029] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0030] In this document, terms such as "upper," "lower," "inner," and "outer" are established based on the positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. Depending on the drawings, the corresponding positional relationships may also change. Therefore, they should not be interpreted as an absolute limitation on the scope of protection. Moreover, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are only used to distinguish one component from another that has the same name, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these components.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the vertical gear grinding machine provided in the first embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 for Figure 1 The diagram shows the working state of a vertical gear grinding machine tool that processes gears through eccentric compound motion and high-frequency vibration.

[0032] As shown in the figure, in one specific embodiment, the vertical gear grinding machine provided by the present invention mainly consists of a bed 10, a slide 20, a column 30, an integrated grinding wheel box 40, and a workpiece box 50. The slide 20 is mounted above the bed 10 via an X-axis guide rail 60, and the slide 20 can move laterally relative to the bed 10 in the X direction. The column 30 is mounted above the slide 20 via a Y-axis guide rail 70, and the column 30 can move back and forth relative to the slide 20 in the Y direction. The integrated grinding wheel box 40 is mounted on the front side of the column 30 via a Z-axis guide rail 80, and can move up and down relative to the column 30 in the Z direction.

[0033] A vertical balancing cylinder 90 is provided between the integrated grinding wheel box 40 and the column 30 to balance the weight of the integrated grinding wheel box 40.

[0034] In this embodiment, the top of the column 30 is provided with a forward-extending cantilever 31, and there is one balancing cylinder 90, which is located in the middle of the integrated grinding wheel box 40 and close to the column 30; the upper end of the balancing cylinder 90 is connected to the cantilever 31, and the lower end of the balancing cylinder 90 is connected to the integrated grinding wheel box 40.

[0035] The integrated grinding wheel box 40 is equipped with a grinding wheel spindle 41 and an eccentric spindle 42 with an eccentricity t. Both the grinding wheel spindle 41 and the eccentric spindle 42 are in the vertical direction. The workpiece box 50 is equipped with a workpiece spindle 51 for mounting the gear to be processed. During operation, the grinding wheel spindle 41 rotates along the axis of the grinding wheel spindle and at the same time rotates along the axis of the eccentric spindle. Through the combined motion, the inner side of the grinding wheel 200 contacts and grinds the right tooth surface 301 of the gear to be processed 300, and the outer side of the grinding wheel 200 contacts and grinds the left tooth surface 302 of the gear to be processed 300.

[0036] The column 30 is provided with a linear motor housing. The linear motor 100 is embedded in the column 30. The linear motor 100 can drive the integrated grinding wheel box 40 to move up and down in the Z direction. The linear motor 100 is connected to the integrated grinding wheel box 40 to drive the integrated grinding wheel box 40 to perform step feed in the Z direction. Before the next feed, the integrated grinding wheel box 40 grinds the tooth surface processed by the previous step feed by reciprocating vibration. That is, after each step feed is completed, the tooth surface processed by the current step feed is ground by reciprocating vibration.

[0037] While the traditional lead screw drive structure can enable the integrated grinding wheel box 40 to achieve high-frequency reciprocating operation in the short term, the lead screw is a contact drive. As the service time increases, the reciprocating impact will aggravate the wear of the lead screw, resulting in the loss of Z-axis transmission accuracy. This invention uses a linear motor 100 to drive the integrated grinding wheel box 40 to perform high-frequency reciprocating motion, which can effectively solve this technical problem.

[0038] Based on the working characteristics of the linear motor 100, and the fact that the balance cylinder 90 may not be able to fully balance the weight of the integrated grinding wheel box 40, the grinding wheel spindle 41 will move up or down along the Z-axis. A clamping system 110 can be installed on the Z-axis guide rail 80 of the integrated grinding wheel box 40 and the column 30 to lock the Z-axis guide rail 80 when the machine tool loses power, thereby protecting the machine tool.

[0039] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the linear motor 100 drives the integrated grinding wheel box 40 to feed in the Z direction in a stepwise range of 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm; the reciprocating vibration frequency of the integrated grinding wheel box 40 driven by the linear motor 100 is 18 Hz to 25 Hz, and the reciprocating vibration stroke range is 0.005 mm to 0.01 mm.

[0040] The specific structure of the integrated grinding wheel box 40 is described in more detail below:

[0041] The integrated grinding wheel box 40 is provided with a lifting support and at least one auxiliary functional unit. The lifting support has a horizontal extension platform 401, a back expansion plate 402, and a first side plate 403 and a second side plate 404 located on both sides. The back of the back expansion plate 402 is provided with a first Z-axis slider and a second Z-axis slider located on both sides. The first Z-axis slider and the second Z-axis slider are slidably engaged with the first Z-axis guide rail 81 and the second Z-axis guide rail 82 parallel to each other on the front side of the column. The lifting support can move up and down relative to the column 30 along the Z-direction. The horizontal extension platform 401 and the back expansion plate 402 are generally rectangular and have an "L" shape in longitudinal section.

[0042] The lateral projections of the first side plate 403 and the second side plate 404 are roughly right-angled triangles, with their width gradually increasing from top to bottom. They are provided with triangular and rectangular weight-reducing holes. In the X direction, the first Z-axis guide rail 81 is located inside the first side plate 403, and the second Z-axis guide rail 82 is located inside the second side plate 404.

[0043] The width of the horizontal extension platform 401 and the back expansion plate 402 is 700mm-1200mm. The first Z-axis guide rail 81 and the second Z-axis guide rail 82 are close to the first side plate 403 and the second side plate 404, respectively. The distance between the first Z-axis guide rail 81 and the first side plate 403 and the distance between the second Z-axis guide rail 82 and the second side plate 404 are both less than or equal to 150mm.

[0044] The horizontal extension platform 401, the back expansion plate 402, the first side plate 403, and the second side plate 404 together form an open upper accommodating space. The lower surface of the horizontal extension platform 401 has a downwardly extending spindle mounting part 43 at the center position. The grinding wheel spindle 41 and the eccentric spindle 42 are mounted on the spindle mounting part 43. The power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle 41 and the eccentric spindle 42 extend into the upper accommodating space from the spindle mounting part 43. The grinding wheel spindle motor 44 and the eccentric spindle motor 45 are located in the upper accommodating space and are respectively connected to the power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle 41 and the eccentric spindle 42 through a transmission mechanism.

[0045] Specifically, the grinding wheel spindle motor 44 and the eccentric spindle motor 45 are staggered and arranged beside the power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle 41 and the eccentric spindle 42. The grinding wheel spindle motor 44 is vertically fixed to the horizontal extension platform 401 by a mounting base and is located on one side away from the axis of the grinding wheel spindle. Its power output end is downward and facing the horizontal extension platform 401. It is connected to the rotational power input end of the grinding wheel spindle 41 through the first belt drive mechanism to drive the grinding wheel spindle 41 to rotate.

[0046] The eccentric power input end of the eccentric spindle 42 is positioned higher than the upper surface of the horizontal extension platform 401 and lower than the rotational power input end of the grinding wheel spindle 41. The eccentric spindle motor 45 is vertically fixed to the horizontal extension platform 401 via a mounting base, with its power output end pointing downwards towards the horizontal extension platform 401. It is connected to the eccentric power input end of the eccentric spindle 42 via a second belt drive mechanism to drive the eccentric spindle 42 to rotate.

[0047] Compared to the structure where the grinding wheel spindle motor 44 is coaxial with the grinding wheel spindle axis and directly driven, this layout reduces the performance requirements of the grinding wheel spindle motor 44 and the eccentric spindle motor 45, thereby reducing manufacturing costs. Moreover, it allows the weight borne by the left and right sides of the lifting support to be as balanced as possible, thereby improving the stability of the lifting support's vertical movement. While maintaining weight balance, it also makes the structural layout more compact, thus keeping the width of the lifting support within a reasonable range. This avoids the problem of the lifting support being too wide or too large due to the simultaneous integration of the spindle drive unit and auxiliary functional units inside the lifting support.

[0048] According to conventional understanding, it would be more compact and space-saving to arrange the grinding wheel spindle motor 44 and the axis of the grinding wheel spindle coaxially. However, the present invention achieves the goal of saving more space than coaxial arrangement by using a staggered layout.

[0049] The auxiliary function unit located within the upper accommodating space is situated beside the power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle 41 and the eccentric spindle 42. The auxiliary function unit has a component that passes through the horizontal extension platform 401 and connects to the portion located outside the upper accommodating space. The horizontal extension platform 401 is provided with holes corresponding to the components passing through the horizontal extension platform 401.

[0050] Specifically, the number and type of auxiliary functional units can be increased or decreased according to different machine tool requirements. In this embodiment, there are two auxiliary functional units: a cooling nozzle follow-up unit 46 and an online measurement unit 47. The cooling nozzle follow-up unit 46 and the online measurement unit 47 are located within the upper accommodating space and are installed at a position offset from the axis of the grinding wheel spindle.

[0051] The cooling nozzle follow-up unit 46 is equipped with a cooling nozzle follow-up motor 461 and a cooling nozzle 462. The cooling nozzle 462 is located below the horizontal extension platform 401. The cooling nozzle follow-up motor 461 is vertically fixed to the inner side of the second side plate 404 through a side mounting plate. Its power output end is at a certain distance from the horizontal extension platform 401, and is connected to the lifting rod 463 of the cooling nozzle 462 through a screw transmission mechanism to adjust the vertical position of the cooling nozzle 462 according to the axial dimension of the grinding wheel.

[0052] A cooling lifting slide rail is fixed to the inner side of the second side plate 404. The nut component of the screw drive mechanism slides up and down with the cooling lifting slide rail through the cooling lifting slider. The lifting rod 463 is fixed to one side of the nut component. The horizontal extension platform 401 is provided with a first hole through which the lifting rod 463 passes. The lifting rod 463 can move up and down along the first hole. A corresponding coolant flow path can be designed inside the lifting rod 463 to supply coolant to the cooling nozzle.

[0053] During operation, as the grinding wheel is used and dressed, its axial dimension decreases. In order to prevent the cooling nozzle 462 from interfering with the workpiece and to achieve a better cooling effect, the cooling nozzle follower motor 461 drives the cooling nozzle 462 to adjust upwards according to the axial dimension of the grinding wheel through a lead screw transmission mechanism.

[0054] The online measurement unit is equipped with an online measurement drive cylinder 471 and a detection mechanism (not shown in the figure due to obstruction). The online measurement drive cylinder 471 is a vertically arranged cylinder with its piston rod facing upward and fixed to the second side plate 404. The piston cylinder can move up and down relative to the piston rod. The detection mechanism is installed at the lower end of the piston cylinder. The online measurement drive cylinder 471 can drive the detection mechanism to extend by telescoping, so as to complete the online measurement of the workpiece. After the measurement is completed, it can drive the detection mechanism to retract. The horizontal extension platform 401 is provided with a second hole through which the online measurement drive cylinder 471 passes during telescoping.

[0055] The inner surface of the back expansion plate 402 is provided with intersecting secondary stiffening plates 4022 and a longitudinal main stiffening plate 4021. The height of the main stiffening plate 4021 is greater than that of the secondary stiffening plates 4022, and it is offset from the center of the back expansion plate 402, located on the side where the cooling nozzle follow-up unit 46 and the online measurement unit 47 are located.

[0056] By setting an offset main stiffener plate 4021, the internal space of the lifting bearing seat can be fully utilized, so that it does not interfere with other components and can cooperate with the secondary stiffener plate 4022 to ensure that the lifting bearing seat has higher rigidity and structural strength. At the same time, it effectively reduces the weight of the lifting bearing seat and improves the dynamic performance of the grinding wheel movement. Compared with setting the main stiffener plate in the center position, it can avoid the volume of the lifting bearing seat from being further expanded due to the height of the main stiffener plate being greater than that of the secondary stiffener plate, which would affect the structural compactness and stability of the vertical spindle integrated device.

[0057] The spindle mounting part 43 is in the shape of an inverted hollow frustum, with the outer diameter of its upper end being larger than that of its lower end. The spindle mounting part 43 has a cavity for accommodating the grinding wheel spindle 41 and the eccentric spindle 42. The grinding wheel spindle 41 and the eccentric spindle 42 are installed into the spindle mounting part 43 from bottom to top. The axial projection area of ​​the horizontal extension platform 401 is larger than the axial projection area of ​​the spindle mounting part 43. The axial projection of the spindle mounting part 43 is located inside the axial projection of the horizontal extension platform 401. That is to say, the horizontal extension platform 401, while sufficient to accommodate the spindle mounting part 43, has a portion that extends further outward in the X and Y directions, thereby obtaining a larger area.

[0058] The spindle mounting part 43 and the horizontal extension platform 401 can be integrally formed. In this embodiment, the horizontal extension platform 401, the back expansion plate 402, the first side plate 403, the second side plate 404 and the spindle mounting part 43 are integrally formed castings, which are cast together and then processed by subsequent machining.

[0059] Please refer to this as well. Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a planar sectional view of an integrated grinding wheel box according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0060] As shown in the figure, a thickened part B is provided on the rear side of the horizontal extension platform 401. The distance L1 between the lower surface of the front side of the horizontal extension platform 401 and the lower end face of the spindle mounting part 43 is greater than the distance L2 between the lower surface of the thickened part B and the lower end face of the spindle mounting part 43.

[0061] The front side of the spindle mounting part 43 transitions to the lower surface of the front side of the horizontal extension platform 401 via the first step C, and the rear side of the spindle mounting part 43 transitions to the lower surface of the thickened part B via the second step D. The distance L3 between the first step C and the lower end face of the spindle mounting part 43 is greater than the distance L4 between the second step D and the lower end face of the spindle mounting part 43.

[0062] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not limited thereto. Based on these, targeted adjustments can be made according to actual needs to obtain different implementation methods. For example, depending on the machine model, the positions of the grinding wheel spindle motor 44, the eccentric spindle motor 45, and the auxiliary functional units on the horizontal extension platform 401 can be adjusted, and so on. Since there are many possible implementation methods, they will not be listed here.

[0063] During operation, the grinding wheel 200 rotates at high speed along its own axis, while the grinding wheel spindle 41 rotates at high speed along the eccentric spindle axis. This combined motion causes the inner side of the grinding wheel 200 to contact and grind the right tooth surface 301 of the gear 300, and the outer side of the grinding wheel 200 to contact and grind the left tooth surface 302. The intermittent grinding allows the coolant to flush the inner and outer sides of the grinding wheel 200, and also cools the left tooth surface 302 and right tooth surface 301 of the gear 300 being processed. Furthermore, because the integrated grinding wheel box 40 is driven by a linear motor 100 to perform stepwise feed along the Z direction and reciprocate vibration... The grinding method involves step-by-step feeding of the tooth surface. During vibration, the top of the grinding wheel 200 does not contact the bottom of the gear 300 groove, allowing the coolant to flush the top of the grinding wheel 200 and cool the bottom of the gear 300 groove. This avoids tooth burn and grinding wheel blockage caused by continuous contact, thereby reducing spindle power and ultimately achieving high-power grinding. This allows the gear to perform the function of grinding instead of milling without burning the tooth surface, thus reducing the trial production cost for manufacturing enterprises. Moreover, the high-frequency reciprocating motion can also improve the tooth surface quality and tooth profile accuracy, thereby reducing noise and vibration during gear meshing.

[0064] The vertical gear grinding machine tool provided by this invention has been described in detail above. Specific examples have been used to illustrate the principles and implementation methods of this invention. The descriptions of the embodiments above are only for the purpose of helping to understand the core ideas of this invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various improvements and modifications to this invention without departing from the principles of this invention, and these improvements and modifications also fall within the protection scope of the claims of this invention.

Claims

1. A vertical gear grinding machine tool, characterized in that, The machine includes a bed, a slide, a column, an integrated grinding wheel box, and a workpiece box. The slide is mounted above the bed via an X-axis guide rail and can move laterally relative to the bed in the X direction. The column is mounted above the slide via a Y-axis guide rail and can move back and forth relative to the slide in the Y direction. The integrated grinding wheel box is mounted on the front side of the column via a Z-axis guide rail and can move up and down relative to the column in the Z direction. The integrated grinding wheel box is equipped with a grinding wheel spindle and an eccentric spindle with an eccentricity t. The workpiece box is equipped with a workpiece spindle for mounting the gear to be processed. During operation, the grinding wheel spindle rotates along the axis of the grinding wheel spindle, and at the same time, the grinding wheel spindle rotates along the axis of the eccentric spindle. Through the combined motion, the inner side of the grinding wheel contacts and grinds the right tooth surface of the gear to be processed, and the outer side of the grinding wheel contacts and grinds the left tooth surface of the gear to be processed. The column is equipped with a linear motor for driving the integrated grinding wheel box to move up and down along the Z direction. The linear motor is connected to the integrated grinding wheel box to drive the integrated grinding wheel box to perform step-by-step feeding along the Z direction, and to drive the integrated grinding wheel box to grind the tooth surface processed by each step-by-step feeding in a reciprocating vibration manner.

2. The vertical gear grinding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, A vertical balancing cylinder is provided between the integrated grinding wheel box and the column to balance the weight of the integrated grinding wheel box.

3. The vertical gear grinding machine tool according to claim 2, characterized in that, The top of the column is provided with a forward-extending cantilever. There is one balancing cylinder, which is located in the middle of the integrated grinding wheel box and close to the column. The upper end of the balancing cylinder is connected to the cantilever, and the lower end of the balancing cylinder is connected to the integrated grinding wheel box.

4. The vertical gear grinding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated grinding wheel box and the Z-axis guide rail of the column are equipped with a clamping system to lock the Z-axis guide rail when the machine tool loses power.

5. The vertical gear grinding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The linear motor drives the integrated grinding wheel box to feed in a stepwise manner in the Z direction within a range of 0.05 mm to 0.15 mm; and / or, the linear motor drives the integrated grinding wheel box to reciprocate at a vibration frequency of 18 Hz to 25 Hz, and the reciprocating vibration stroke range is 0.005 mm to 0.01 mm.

6. The vertical gear grinding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The column is provided with a linear motor housing, and the linear motor is installed in the column in an embedded manner.

7. The vertical gear grinding machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The integrated grinding wheel box includes a lifting support and at least one auxiliary functional unit. The lifting support includes a horizontal extension platform and a back expansion plate. The back expansion plate is installed on the front side of the column via a Z-axis guide rail. The lifting support can move up and down relative to the column along the Z-direction. The horizontal extension platform and the back expansion plate are L-shaped in longitudinal section, forming an open upper accommodating space.

8. The vertical gear grinding machine tool according to claim 7, characterized in that, It also includes a grinding wheel spindle motor and an eccentric spindle motor. The lower surface of the horizontal extension platform has a spindle mounting part that extends downward at the center position. The grinding wheel spindle and the eccentric spindle are mounted on the spindle mounting part. The power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle and the eccentric spindle extend from the spindle mounting part into the upper accommodating space. The grinding wheel spindle motor and the eccentric spindle motor are located in the upper accommodating space and are respectively connected to the power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle and the eccentric spindle through transmission mechanisms.

9. The vertical gear grinding machine tool according to claim 8, characterized in that, The grinding wheel spindle motor and the eccentric spindle motor are staggered and arranged beside the power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle and the eccentric spindle, respectively. The grinding wheel spindle motor is installed at a position offset from the axis of the grinding wheel spindle and is connected to the rotational power input end of the grinding wheel spindle through a first belt drive mechanism. The eccentric spindle motor is installed at a position offset from the axis of the eccentric spindle and is connected to the eccentric power input end of the eccentric spindle through a second belt drive mechanism.

10. The vertical gear grinding machine tool according to claim 9, characterized in that, The auxiliary function unit located within the upper accommodating space is situated beside the power input ends of the grinding wheel spindle and the eccentric spindle. The auxiliary function unit has a component that passes through the horizontal extension platform and connects to the portion located outside the upper accommodating space. The horizontal extension platform is provided with holes corresponding to the components passing through the horizontal extension platform.

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