Aluminum material adaptive laser welding device

Abstract

The application discloses an aluminum material self-adaptive laser welding device, which comprises a main cabinet, a mounting arm is arranged on one side of the main cabinet, a drive box is arranged at the end of the mounting arm, a positioning drive groove is arranged on the upper end face of the main cabinet and is used for mounting and driving a clamp for feeding aluminum materials, a sleeve shell is arranged on the end of the mounting arm through a connecting frame, a tracking mechanism is arranged in the sleeve shell, a laser welding head is connected to the lower end of the drive box through a wire, the laser welding head is mounted on the tracking mechanism, the laser welding head is horizontally corrected in position through the tracking mechanism, and a controller is arranged in the main cabinet and is used for controlling the driving of the tracking mechanism.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of laser welding equipment, in particular to an aluminum material self-adaptive laser welding equipment. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of high-end manufacturing industry, aluminum alloy has become a key structural material due to its lightweight, high strength and excellent corrosion resistance. Laser welding technology has become the preferred process for thin aluminum plate welding due to its high energy density, small heat-affected zone and low welding deformation, and is particularly suitable for fields such as battery shells and aircraft skins that have extremely high requirements for welding quality and precision.

[0003] The traditional device has the following disadvantages:

[0004] At present, the aluminum material laser welding equipment mainly uses a numerical control system to control the laser head or the movement of the aluminum material along the preset path to realize high-precision welding. However, most of the existing equipment can only automatically weld straight-line joints, and if the aluminum joint is diagonal or curved, the laser head movement trajectory needs to be pre-programmed according to the joint parameters, which is tedious and inefficient. Moreover, if the aluminum joint deviates due to front-end processing and cannot be predicted during programming, the weld will not correspond to the actual joint position, resulting in defective products. In addition, for irregularly shaped joints, traditional laser welding equipment cannot achieve automatic control through programming, and usually relies on manual welding, resulting in unstable welding quality, low production efficiency, and difficulty in meeting the requirements of high-end manufacturing fields for high precision and high consistency. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an aluminum material self-adaptive laser welding equipment to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] To achieve the above purpose, the present application provides the following technical scheme: an aluminum material self-adaptive laser welding equipment, comprising a main cabinet, one side of the main cabinet is provided with a mounting arm, the end of the mounting arm is provided with a drive box, the upper end surface of the main cabinet is provided with a positioning drive groove for installing and driving a clamp for feeding aluminum material, the end of the mounting arm is hung downward through a connecting frame and provided with a sleeve, the inside of the sleeve is provided with a tracking mechanism, the lower end of the drive box is connected with a laser welding head through a wire, the laser welding head is installed on the tracking mechanism, the laser welding head is horizontally corrected in position through the tracking mechanism, the inside of the main cabinet is provided with a controller for controlling the driving of the tracking mechanism.

[0007] The tracking mechanism comprises:

[0008] A tracking sliding groove is arranged inside the sleeve shell on the aluminum material feeding side, and a tracking sliding block is slidingly connected inside the tracking sliding groove; a tracking hydraulic pipe is arranged on one side of the tracking sliding groove inside the sleeve shell, and a piston rod of the tracking hydraulic pipe is connected with the tracking sliding block through the tracking sliding groove; a probe group for capturing the aluminum material joint is arranged on the lower end of the tracking sliding block, and the probe group drives the piston rod in the tracking hydraulic pipe to move horizontally through the tracking sliding block;

[0009] An adjusting sliding groove is arranged inside the sleeve shell on the side away from the tracking sliding groove, and an adjusting sliding block is slidingly connected inside the adjusting sliding groove; an adjusting hydraulic pipe is arranged on one side of the adjusting sliding groove inside the sleeve shell, and a piston rod of the adjusting hydraulic pipe is connected with the adjusting sliding block through the adjusting sliding groove; the laser welding head is mounted on the adjusting sliding block;

[0010] A pressure boosting transition mechanism is arranged on one side of the sleeve shell and connected with the oil storage end of the tracking hydraulic pipe and the adjusting hydraulic pipe respectively.

[0011] Preferably, the pressure boosting transition mechanism comprises:

[0012] A positioning sleeve is suspendedly arranged in the mounting hole on one side of the sleeve shell, and a low-pressure oil pipe and a high-pressure oil pipe are arranged in the mounting grooves on both sides of the positioning sleeve respectively; the low-pressure oil pipe is connected with the oil storage end of the tracking hydraulic pipe through a conduit, and a low-pressure piston and a high-pressure piston are slidingly and sealingly connected in the low-pressure oil pipe and the high-pressure oil pipe respectively;

[0013] An induction groove is arranged on the top of the rod of the high-pressure piston, and touch switches are arranged on the upper and lower ends of the inner protruding ring of the induction groove;

[0014] A horizontal telescopic rod is rotatably connected on the side wall on the top of the rod of the high-pressure piston through a support, one end of the horizontal telescopic rod is rotatably connected with the top of the rod of the low-pressure piston, the other end of the horizontal telescopic rod is rotatably connected with a vertical rod, a fine adjustment mechanism is arranged on the lower end of the vertical rod, the fine adjustment mechanism is located on the inner side of the induction groove, and trigger pieces are symmetrically arranged on the fine adjustment mechanism and located on both sides of the touch switches;

[0015] An oil pump is arranged on one side inside the sleeve shell, and the high-pressure oil pipe is connected with the oil pump and the oil storage end of the adjusting hydraulic pipe through a conduit.

[0016] Preferably, the fine adjustment mechanism comprises:

[0017] The telescopic piece is provided at the lower end of the vertical rod, and the control end of the telescopic piece is connected with an annular mounting sleeve, the mounting sleeve is arranged in the induction groove, both ends of the mounting sleeve are provided with positioning racks, the trigger piece is slidably connected to the rod bodies of the positioning racks, springs are further arranged on the rod bodies of the positioning racks, and both ends of the springs are connected with the mounting sleeve and the trigger piece respectively.

[0018] A distance sensor is symmetrically arranged on the boss inside the induction groove and used for detecting the displacement distance of the trigger piece.

[0019] Preferably, the controller in the main cabinet is electrically connected with the oil pump, the touch switch and the distance sensor through wires respectively.

[0020] Preferably, electromagnetic components are arranged between the tracking sliding groove and the tracking sliding block and between the adjusting sliding groove and the adjusting sliding block, so as to reduce the sliding friction.

[0021] Preferably, the horizontal moving stroke of the tracking sliding block and the adjusting sliding block is the same as the moving stroke of the piston in the tracking hydraulic pipe, the adjusting hydraulic pipe, the low-pressure oil pipe and the high-pressure oil pipe.

[0022] Preferably, the probe group comprises a positioning seat arranged on the lower end surface of the tracking sliding block, and a needle is rotatably connected to the lower end of the positioning seat.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0024] By arranging the tracking mechanism, the laser welding head can track the joint in a self-adaptive manner during the horizontal feeding and welding of the aluminum plate, and compared with the traditional numerical control laser welding equipment, the present application is simple to operate and does not need complicated program input when facing an orderly oblique line or curve joint, thereby significantly improving the production efficiency and having strong track adaptability when facing irregular joints.

[0025] The present application separates the force received by the probe group during horizontal movement and the driving force of the horizontal adjustment of the laser welding head by setting the pressure transition mechanism, uses the small horizontal force received by the probe group to break the balance of the horizontal telescopic rod and trigger the touch switch, and then the controller delays the driving of the oil pump to adjust the horizontal position of the laser welding head to achieve the purpose of tracking welding; since the force required by the probe group during horizontal movement and triggering the touch switch is small, the whole structure is sensitive to triggering, and the oil pump plays the effect of delaying and amplifying the force received by the probe group to drive the horizontal adjustment of the laser welding head, so that the adjustment process of the laser welding head is more accurate and controllable.

[0026] The present application quantifies the offset of the front end joint of the laser welding head by setting the fine adjustment mechanism and dynamically monitoring the displacement stroke of the trigger piece, so as to accurately predict the changes of the slope or curvature of the front end joint, which can not only ensure the welding quality of regular joints, but also meet the accurate tracking welding requirements of irregular joints, and further improve the tracking ability of the laser welding head of the equipment and the adaptability to different joints. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 It is a whole three-dimensional schematic view of the present application;

[0028] Figure 2 It is a whole front view of the present application;

[0029] Figure 3 It is a three-dimensional schematic view of the sleeve shell of the present application;

[0030] Figure 4 It is a bottom view of the lower end surface of the sleeve shell of the present application;

[0031] Figure 5 It is a schematic view of the installation of the probe group of the present application;

[0032] Figure 6 It is a schematic view of the installation of the laser welding head of the present application;

[0033] Figure 7 It is a side view of the internal structure of the pressure transition mechanism and the fine adjustment mechanism of the present application;

[0034] Figure 8 It is a Figure 7 It is an enlarged schematic view of A in the present application.

[0035] In the figure: 1, main cabinet body; 2, mounting arm; 3, drive box; 4, positioning drive slot; 5, cover; 6, tracking mechanism; 601, tracking sliding groove; 602, tracking sliding block; 603, tracking hydraulic pipe; 604, probe group; 6041, positioning seat; 6042, needle; 605, adjusting sliding groove; 606, adjusting sliding block; 607, adjusting hydraulic pipe; 7, laser welding head; 8, pressure boosting transition mechanism; 801, positioning sleeve; 802, low-pressure oil pipe; 803, high-pressure oil pipe; 804, low-pressure piston; 805, high-pressure piston; 806, induction groove; 807, touch switch; 808, horizontal telescopic rod; 809, vertical rod; 810, trigger piece; 811, oil pump; 9, fine adjustment mechanism; 901, telescopic piece; 902, mounting sleeve; 903, positioning frame; 904, spring; 905, distance sensor; 10, electromagnetic assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0036] In order to make the technical problems to be solved by the present application, technical solutions and beneficial effects clearer, the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with the drawings and examples. It should be understood that the specific examples described herein are only used to explain the present application and do not limit the present application.

[0037] It should be noted that when an element is referred to as being "fixed", "mounted", "connected" or "set" with another element, it can be directly on the other element or indirectly on the other element. It should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "front", "back", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only used to facilitate the description of the present application and simplify the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0038] As a further improvement of the present application, the terms "first", "second", "third" and the like are only used for description purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the technical features indicated. Therefore, the features defined with "first", "second" can explicitly or implicitly include one or more of the features.

[0039] Please refer to Figures 1-8As shown, the present application provides a kind of aluminum material adaptive laser welding equipment technical scheme: a kind of aluminum material adaptive laser welding equipment, including main cabinet 1, one side of main cabinet 1 is equipped with mounting arm 2, the end of mounting arm 2 is equipped with drive box 3, the upper end surface of main cabinet 1 is equipped with positioning drive slot 4 for installing positioning and driving the clamp of aluminum material feed, the end of mounting arm 2 is fixedly installed with cover shell 5 by connecting frame hanging, mounting arm 2 can drive cover shell 5 adjust position in horizontal and vertical direction, cover shell 5 is installed with tracking mechanism 6 in the inside, the lower end of drive box 3 is connected with laser welding head 7 by wire, laser welding head 7 is fixedly installed on tracking mechanism 6, laser welding head 7 is horizontally corrected position by tracking mechanism 6 so that welding point is always located on the seam of aluminum material, controller is installed in the inside of main cabinet 1 for controlling the drive of tracking mechanism 6, controller is programmable controller.

[0040] Tracking mechanism 6 includes tracking chute 601, adjusting chute 605 and booster transition mechanism 8. Tracking chute 601 is fixedly installed in the inside of cover shell 5 on the side of aluminum material feed, the notch of the lower end of tracking chute 601 is embedded with the notch of the lower end of cover shell 5, tracking chute 601 is slidably connected with tracking slider 602 in the inside, tracking hydraulic pipe 603 is installed in the inside of cover shell 5 on the side of tracking chute 601, the piston rod of tracking hydraulic pipe 603 is connected with tracking slider 602 by passing through tracking chute 601, probe group 604 for capturing the seam of aluminum material is installed at the lower end of tracking slider 602, the tip of probe group 604 is attached at the seam of two aluminum materials, when the two are relatively moved, if the seam is inclined to one side, then it will drive probe group 604 to slide horizontally to one side, and probe group 604 in turn drives the piston rod in tracking hydraulic pipe 603 to move horizontally by tracking slider 602. Adjusting chute 605 is fixedly installed in the inside of cover shell 5 on the side away from tracking chute 601, adjusting chute 605 is slidably connected with adjusting slider 606 in the inside, adjusting hydraulic pipe 607 is installed in the inside of cover shell 5 on the side of adjusting chute 605, the piston rod of adjusting hydraulic pipe 607 is connected with adjusting slider 606 by passing through adjusting chute 605, laser welding head 7 is installed on adjusting slider 606 and is driven to adjust position horizontally by adjusting slider 606. The oil storage end of tracking hydraulic pipe 603 and adjusting hydraulic pipe 607 is full of hydraulic oil.

[0041] The midlines of tracking chute 601 and adjusting chute 605 are aligned front and back, that is to say, when tracking slider 602 and adjusting slider 606 are located in the middle part of tracking chute 601 and adjusting chute 605 respectively, laser welding head 7 is located directly behind probe group 604.

[0042] The booster transition mechanism 8 is installed on one side of the sleeve 5 and connected with the storage end of the tracking hydraulic pipe 603 and the adjusting hydraulic pipe 607 respectively, and is used for driving the piston rod in the adjusting hydraulic pipe 607 to move horizontally in the same direction and by the same distance when the piston rod in the tracking hydraulic pipe 603 moves horizontally.

[0043] In actual use, the two aluminum plates to be welded are first clamped in the positioning driving groove 4 through the flexible clamp, then the laser welding equipment is started, and the system self-checks to ensure that the tracking slider 602 and the adjusting slider 606 are located in the middle of the sliding groove respectively, and the laser welding head 7 is located right behind the probe group 604. Subsequently, the position of the sleeve 5 in the horizontal and vertical directions is adjusted through the mounting arm 2, so that the detection end of the probe group 604 is in contact with the starting point of the joint of the aluminum plates on both sides, and finally the laser welding head 7 is powered on, so that the two aluminum plates are driven to move towards the laser welding head 7 through the positioning driving groove 4, and the laser welding head 7 welds the joint of the aluminum plates. The sleeve 5 is in a stationary state during the welding process.

[0044] During the horizontal movement of the two aluminum plates, if the joint to be welded is a straight line and the line connecting the laser welding head 7 and the end of the probe group 604 always coincides with the joint line, the laser welding head 7 and the probe group 604 are always in a stationary state, and the aluminum plates are driven to move for welding by the positioning driving groove 4. If the joint deviates during the movement of the aluminum plates, the joint will generate a horizontal force on the end of the probe group 604, which drives the tracking slider 602 to slide horizontally in the tracking sliding groove 601 through the probe group 604, and then drives the piston rod of the tracking hydraulic pipe 603, so that the hydraulic oil is input or output into or out of the tracking hydraulic pipe 603 through the booster transition mechanism 8. The booster transition mechanism 8 then inputs or outputs the hydraulic oil into or out of the storage end of the adjusting hydraulic pipe 607 after a certain delay, and then drives the adjusting slider 606 to move horizontally in the adjusting sliding groove 605, so that the horizontal movement direction and distance of the adjusting slider 606 are consistent with those of the tracking slider 602, thereby adjusting the welding point position of the laser welding head 7 to be on the joint. The adjustment process is dynamic, unless the deviation of the joint exceeds the stroke of the tracking slider 602 and the adjusting slider 606.

[0045] Through the tracking mechanism 6, the laser welding head 7 can adaptively track the joint during the horizontal feeding and welding of the aluminum plates, and compared with the traditional numerical control laser welding equipment, the operation is simple, and no complicated program input is required when facing an orderly oblique or curved joint, which significantly improves the production efficiency and has strong trajectory adaptability when facing irregular joints. At the same time, due to the adaptive tracking capability, even if the joint position deviates due to large front-end process error during the whole welding process, the laser welding head 7 can also complete the position correction itself under the detection and guidance of the probe group 604, and the welding success rate is improved.

[0046] The pressure boosting transition mechanism 8 comprises a positioning sleeve 801, an induction groove 806, a horizontal telescopic rod 808 and an oil pump 811. The positioning sleeve 801 is fixedly installed in a mounting hole on one side of the sleeve 5, and a low-pressure oil pipe 802 and a high-pressure oil pipe 803 are vertically installed in mounting grooves on both sides of the positioning sleeve 801, respectively. The low-pressure oil pipe 802 is connected to the oil storage end of the tracking hydraulic pipe 603 through a conduit, and the low-pressure oil pipe 802 and the high-pressure oil pipe 803 are both slidably connected with a low-pressure piston 804 and a high-pressure piston 805. The induction groove 806 is arranged on the top of the rod of the high-pressure piston 805, and touch switches 807 are symmetrically installed on the upper and lower ends of the inner protruding ring of the induction groove 806. The horizontal telescopic rod 808 is rotatably connected to the side wall on the top of the rod of the high-pressure piston 805 through a bracket, one end of the horizontal telescopic rod 808 is rotatably connected to the top of the rod of the low-pressure piston 804, and the other end of the horizontal telescopic rod 808 is rotatably connected with a vertical rod 809, the lower end of the vertical rod 809 is installed with a fine adjustment mechanism 9, the fine adjustment mechanism 9 is located on the inner side of the induction groove 806, and trigger pieces 810 are symmetrically arranged on the fine adjustment mechanism 9, the trigger pieces 810 are located on both sides of the touch switches 807 and the distances from the trigger pieces 810 to the touch switches 807 on both sides are equal. An oil pump 811 is also installed on one side inside the sleeve 5, and the high-pressure oil pipe 803 is connected to the oil pump 811 and the oil storage end of the adjustment hydraulic pipe 607 through a conduit.

[0047] The left sides of the tracking hydraulic pipe 603 and the adjustment hydraulic pipe 607 and the lower ends of the low-pressure oil pipe 802 and the high-pressure oil pipe 803 are filled with hydraulic oil.

[0048] The horizontal moving stroke of the tracking slider 602 and the adjustment slider 606 is the same as the moving stroke of the pistons in the tracking hydraulic pipe 603, the adjustment hydraulic pipe 607, the low-pressure oil pipe 802 and the high-pressure oil pipe 803, and the pipe diameters of the tracking hydraulic pipe 603 and the low-pressure oil pipe 802 are equal, and the pipe diameters of the adjustment hydraulic pipe 607 and the high-pressure oil pipe 803 are equal.

[0049] When the system starts self-checking, if the tracking slider 602 and the adjusting slider 606 are located in the middle of the groove respectively, and the laser welding head 7 is located right behind the probe group 604, the horizontal telescopic rod 808 is in a horizontal state. If the joint of the aluminum plate material appears to be skewed during the feeding process, the piston rod of the tracking hydraulic pipe 603 is pushed horizontally, and the internal hydraulic oil is correspondingly output or introduced from the low-pressure oil pipe 802 through the conduit. The fluctuation of the oil quantity in the low-pressure oil pipe 802 causes the low-pressure piston 804 to rise and fall correspondingly, and then the horizontal telescopic rod 808 is tilted, and the tilted horizontal telescopic rod 808 drives the end trigger piece 810 to rise and fall synchronously through the vertical rod 809 and the fine adjusting mechanism 9, so that the corresponding touch switch 807 is triggered. The touch switch 807 sends an electrical signal to the controller immediately, and if the upper touch switch 807 is triggered, it indicates that the trigger piece 810 moves downward as a whole, the low-pressure piston 804 rises, and the controller judges that the joint will move to the left side. The oil pump 811 is started to delay and guide the hydraulic oil from the adjusting hydraulic pipe 607 to the high-pressure oil pipe 803, driving the high-pressure piston 805 to rise, until the horizontal telescopic rod 808 returns to the horizontal state, and the trigger piece 810 is separated from the touch switch 807. After receiving the separation signal, the controller controls the oil pump 811 to delay the closing. During this process, the laser welding head 7 moves horizontally under the driving of the adjusting slider 606, and the moving distance is equal to the horizontal moving distance of the probe group 604.

[0050] Similarly, if the lower touch switch 807 is triggered, the controller will delay the start of the oil pump 811 to drive the high-pressure piston 805 to descend, until the horizontal telescopic rod 808 returns to the horizontal state, and the trigger piece 810 is separated from the touch switch 807. The delay start and delay closing time of the oil pump 811 should be determined comprehensively according to the inclination or curvature of the aluminum material joint and the feeding speed of the aluminum plate during welding. Generally, according to the different weld widths, there may be a corresponding range of errors.

[0051] The probe group 604 is separated from the touch switch 807, and the trigger piece 810 is separated from the touch switch 807. After receiving the separation signal, the controller controls the oil pump 811 to delay the closing. During this process, the laser welding head 7 moves horizontally under the driving of the adjusting slider 606, and the moving distance is equal to the horizontal moving distance of the probe group 604.

[0052] The fine adjustment mechanism 9 comprises a telescopic part 901 and a distance sensor 905. The telescopic part 901 is installed at the lower end of the vertical rod 809, which can be a hydraulic telescopic rod or an electric telescopic rod. The control end of the telescopic part 901 is connected with an annular mounting sleeve 902, which is installed in the induction groove 806. The mounting sleeve 902 is provided with positioning frames 903 at both ends. The trigger piece 810 is slidingly connected to the rod body of the positioning frame 903 on both sides of the upper and lower sides of the touch switch 807. The rod body of the positioning frame 903 is further sleeved with a spring 904, and both ends of the spring 904 are connected with the mounting sleeve 902 and the trigger piece 810. The spring 904 at the upper end of the mounting sleeve 902 is used to support the trigger piece 810, and the spring 904 at the lower end of the mounting sleeve 902 is used to lift the trigger piece 810. The trigger piece 810 is made of light material. By controlling the mass of the trigger piece 810 and the stiffness coefficient of the spring 904, the deformation difference of the upper and lower springs 904 under the action of the gravity of the trigger piece 810 is negligible or within the allowable range.

[0053] When the system starts self-checking, the controller first judges whether the distances of the two trigger pieces 810 to the touch switch 807 are equal through the distance sensor 905. If not, the telescopic part 901 is used for pre-adjustment. If the joint is skewed during the feeding of the aluminum plate, the balance of the horizontal telescopic rod 808 will be broken, and the mounting sleeve 902 and the spring 904 will drive the trigger piece 810 to move up and down in the induction groove 806 to contact and trigger the touch switch 807. After the touch switch 807 contacts the trigger piece 810, the high-pressure piston 805 will be delayed in lifting and adjusting because the oil pump 811 will be delayed in starting. The horizontal telescopic rod 808 will also be delayed in balancing. During this delay process, the probe group 604 will continue to deviate with the joint, the horizontal telescopic rod 808 will continue to tilt, the mounting sleeve 902 will continue to rise and fall in the induction groove 806, one trigger piece 810 will keep in contact with the touch switch 807, and the other trigger piece 810 will continue to move against the elastic force of the spring 904 under the driving of the mounting sleeve 902 and be monitored by the distance sensor 905. When the displacement distance in unit time is too large, it means that the deviation or inclination of the joint is large. The controller can correspondingly shorten the delay start adjustment time of the oil pump 811 and increase the operating power of the oil pump 811 to ensure that the adjustment stroke of the laser welding head 7 in unit time can match the deviation or inclination of the joint. Similarly, the controller can make opposite adjustments when the displacement distance in unit time is too small. That is, the controller can accurately predict the changes in the slope or curvature of the front joint by monitoring the displacement stroke of the trigger piece 810 and record them to ensure that the laser welding head 7 can accurately track.

[0054] By fine adjustment mechanism 9, the offset of the front end of the laser welding head 7 is quantified by dynamic monitoring of the displacement stroke of the trigger piece 810, so as to accurately predict the change of the slope or curvature of the front end of the joint, which can not only ensure the welding quality of the regular joint, but also meet the accurate tracking requirements of the irregular joint welding, further improving the tracking ability and adaptability of the laser welding head 7 of the equipment to different joints.

[0055] The controller in the main cabinet 1 is electrically connected with the oil pump 811, the touch switch 807 and the distance sensor 905 through wires, realizing unified calculation and control.

[0056] An electromagnetic assembly 10 is arranged between the tracking sliding groove 601 and the tracking sliding block 602 and between the adjusting sliding groove 605 and the adjusting sliding block 606 for reducing the sliding friction. The electromagnetic assembly 10 is composed of an electromagnet piece and a permanent magnet piece. The electromagnet piece is attached to the upper inner wall of the tracking sliding groove 601 and the adjusting sliding groove 605, and the permanent magnet piece is arranged at the upper end of the tracking sliding block 602 and the adjusting sliding block 606. After the equipment is started, the two electromagnet pieces are respectively connected with a constant current to generate an attractive force on the permanent magnet piece for balancing the weight of the tracking sliding block 602 and the adjusting sliding block 606, thereby reducing the friction between the tracking sliding block 602 and the adjusting sliding block 606 and the sliding groove, and minimizing the driving force required by the probe group 604 and the laser welding head 7. The current of the electromagnet piece generally does not need to be adjusted, and if the tracking sliding block 602 and the adjusting sliding block 606 are worn out and the weight changes, appropriate calibration can be performed.

[0057] The probe group 604 includes a positioning seat 6041 fixedly installed on the lower end face of the tracking sliding block 602. The lower end of the positioning seat 6041 is rotatably connected with a needle 6042 directly contacting with the joint. When the probe group 604 moves relative to the aluminum joint, the needle 6042 will rotate relative to the positioning seat 6041 to reduce the friction between the needle 6042 and the joint, further reducing the force required to drive the horizontal movement of the probe group 604.

[0058] Working principle: when using the device for laser welding, first splice the aluminum material clamped in the positioning drive groove 4, then start the device, electromagnetic assembly 10 power on, the device enters the self-checking program, to ensure that the tracking slider 602 and the adjusting slider 606 are located in the middle of the sliding groove respectively, the laser welding head 7 is located behind the probe group 604, the horizontal telescopic rod 808 is in a horizontal state, and the distance between the upper and lower trigger pieces 810 and the touch switch 807 is equal. Then adjust the position of the sleeve 5 in the horizontal and vertical directions through the mounting arm 2, so that the needle head 6042 tip is in contact with the starting point of the joint of the aluminum material on both sides, at this time the laser welding head 7 can be powered on and the aluminum material is driven to move into the material. If the joint is skewed during the aluminum plate feeding and welding process, the joint will generate a horizontal force on the end of the needle head 6042, driving the tracking slider 602 to slide horizontally in the tracking sliding groove 601, and then pushing the piston rod of the tracking hydraulic pipe 603 and driving the low-pressure piston 804 to rise and fall in the low-pressure oil pipe 802 to break the balance of the horizontal telescopic rod 808. The mounting sleeve 902 at the other end of the horizontal telescopic rod 808 and the spring 904 will drive the trigger piece 810 to move up and down in the sensing groove 806 and contact the touch switch 807 to trigger. The oil pump 811 delays the start of the hydraulic oil in the high-pressure oil pipe 803 to input or output into the adjusting hydraulic pipe 607. In turn, the adjusting slider 606 is driven to move horizontally in the adjusting sliding groove 605, and the direction and distance of the horizontal movement of the adjusting slider 606 are consistent with those of the tracking slider 602, so as to adjust the welding point position of the laser welding head 7 in time to move to the joint.

[0059] Because the oil pump 811 will delay the start, during this delay process, the needle head 6042 will continue to deviate with the joint, the horizontal telescopic rod 808 will continue to tilt, the mounting sleeve 902 will continue to rise and fall in the sensing groove 806, one trigger piece 810 will remain in contact with the touch switch 807, and the other trigger piece 810 will continue to move against the elastic force of the spring 904 under the driving of the mounting sleeve 902 and be monitored by the displacement sensor 905. When the displacement distance of the trigger piece 810 in unit time is too large or too small, the controller can correspondingly shorten the delay start adjustment time of the oil pump 811 and increase the operating power of the oil pump 811, or lengthen the delay start adjustment time of the oil pump 811 and reduce the operating power of the oil pump 811. Ensure that the adjusting stroke of the laser welding head 7 in unit time can match the deviation or inclination of the joint. The adjustment of the laser welding head 7 will dynamically accompany the entire welding process.

[0060] It is to be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting; it is not intended to exclude myriad other embodiments of the present application that other inventors can develop based on the same general inventive concepts embodied by the described embodiments. That is, although the present application is described in terms of particular embodiments and illustrative figures, it should be apparent that the scope of the present application is not limited to these specific embodiments.

[0061] While the embodiments of the application have been shown and described herein, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that many changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations to these embodiments can be made without departing from the principles and spirits of the application, and it is intended that the scope of the application be limited solely by the scope of the appended claims and the equivalents thereof.

Claims

1. An adaptive laser welding device for aluminum materials, comprising a main cabinet (1), wherein a mounting arm (2) is provided on one side of the main cabinet (1), a drive box (3) is provided at the end of the mounting arm (2), and a positioning drive groove (4) is provided on the upper surface of the main cabinet (1) for mounting, positioning and driving a fixture for feeding aluminum materials, characterized in that: The end of the mounting arm (2) is provided with a housing (5) hanging down through a connecting frame. The housing (5) is provided with a tracking mechanism (6). The lower end of the drive box (3) is connected to a laser welding head (7) through a wire. The laser welding head (7) is mounted on the tracking mechanism (6). The laser welding head (7) is horizontally corrected by the tracking mechanism (6). The main cabinet (1) is provided with a controller for controlling the drive of the tracking mechanism (6). The tracking mechanism (6) includes: Tracking chute (601) is located inside the housing (5) on the aluminum material feeding side. Tracking slider (602) is slidably connected inside the tracking chute (601). Tracking hydraulic pipe (603) is located inside the housing (5) on one side of the tracking chute (601). The piston rod of the tracking hydraulic pipe (603) passes through the tracking chute (601) and is connected to the tracking slider (602). The lower end of the tracking slider (602) is provided with a probe group (604) for capturing the aluminum material joint. The probe group (604) drives the piston rod inside the tracking hydraulic pipe (603) to move horizontally through the tracking slider (602). An adjusting slide (605) is provided inside the housing (5) on the side away from the tracking slide (601). An adjusting slider (606) is slidably connected inside the adjusting slide (605). An adjusting hydraulic pipe (607) is provided inside the housing (5) on the side of the adjusting slide (605). The piston rod of the adjusting hydraulic pipe (607) passes through the adjusting slide (605) and is connected to the adjusting slider (606). The laser welding head (7) is mounted on the adjusting slider (606). The pressure boosting transition mechanism (8) is located on one side of the housing (5) and is connected to the oil storage end of the tracking hydraulic pipe (603) and the regulating hydraulic pipe (607).

2. The adaptive laser welding equipment for aluminum materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The pressurization transition mechanism (8) includes: Positioning sleeve (801), the positioning sleeve (801) is suspended in the mounting hole on one side of the sleeve shell (5), and low pressure oil pipe (802) and high pressure oil pipe (803) are respectively installed in the mounting grooves on both sides of the positioning sleeve (801). The low pressure oil pipe (802) is connected to the oil storage end of the tracking hydraulic pipe (603) through a conduit. The low pressure oil pipe (802) and the high pressure oil pipe (803) are slidably sealed with a low pressure piston (804) and a high pressure piston (805). The sensing groove (806) is opened on the top of the rod of the high pressure piston (805), and the upper and lower ends of the convex ring inside the sensing groove (806) are provided with touch switches (807). A horizontal telescopic rod (808) is rotatably connected to the side wall of the top of the high-pressure piston (805) rod via a bracket. One end of the horizontal telescopic rod (808) is rotatably connected to the top of the low-pressure piston (804) rod. The other end of the horizontal telescopic rod (808) is rotatably connected to a vertical rod (809). A fine adjustment mechanism (9) is provided at the lower end of the vertical rod (809). The fine adjustment mechanism (9) is located inside the sensing groove (806). Trigger plates (810) are symmetrically arranged on the fine adjustment mechanism (9). The trigger plates (810) are located on both sides of the touch switch (807). Oil pump (811) is located on one side inside the housing (5). The high-pressure oil pipe (803) is connected to the oil storage end of the oil pump (811) and the regulating hydraulic pipe (607) through a conduit.

3. The adaptive laser welding equipment for aluminum materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The fine adjustment mechanism (9) includes: Telescopic component (901) is provided at the lower end of the vertical rod (809). The control end of the telescopic component (901) is connected to an annular mounting sleeve (902). The mounting sleeve (902) is provided in the sensing groove (806). Positioning frames (903) are provided at both ends of the mounting sleeve (902). The trigger piece (810) is slidably connected to the rod of the positioning frame (903). A spring (904) is also sleeved on the rod of the positioning frame (903). The two ends of the spring (904) are respectively connected to the mounting sleeve (902) and the trigger piece (810). Distance sensor (905) is symmetrically arranged on the protrusion inside the sensing groove (806) to detect the displacement distance of the trigger piece (810).

4. The adaptive laser welding equipment for aluminum materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The controller inside the main cabinet (1) is electrically connected to the oil pump (811), the touch switch (807) and the distance sensor (905) respectively via wires.

5. The adaptive laser welding equipment for aluminum materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: Electromagnetic components (10) are provided between the tracking groove (601) and the tracking slider (602) and between the adjusting groove (605) and the adjusting slider (606) to reduce sliding friction.

6. The adaptive laser welding equipment for aluminum materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The horizontal movement of the tracking slider (602) and the adjusting slider (606) is the same as the movement of the pistons in the tracking hydraulic pipe (603), the adjusting hydraulic pipe (607), the low-pressure oil pipe (802), and the high-pressure oil pipe (803).

7. The adaptive laser welding equipment for aluminum materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The probe assembly (604) includes a positioning seat (6041), which is disposed on the lower end surface of the tracking slider (602), and a needle (6042) is rotatably connected to the lower end of the positioning seat (6041).

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