Automatic grinding machine with replaceable wheel structure

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of grinding machines, in particular to an automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure, which comprises a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with an XYZ three-axis linkage machining bed, a Z-axis sliding table of the XYZ three-axis linkage machining bed is fixedly connected with a U-shaped bracket, one end of the U-shaped bracket is symmetrically and fixedly connected with a protective cover, and the other end of the U-shaped bracket is fixedly connected with a wheel replacing device. And three polishing wheels are uniformly arranged on the periphery of the protective cover. Through cooperative use of the wheel changing assembly and the adjusting assembly, when the wheel changing assembly drives the grinding wheels to be switched, the adjusting assembly can synchronously and automatically adapt to the flow of cooling liquid, and the adjusting assembly increases the output amount of the cooling liquid by adjusting the position of an adjusting piston for the high-heat-yield grinding wheels for primary machining and the like, so that thermal deformation of workpieces and excessive abrasion of grinding wheels are avoided; and for the finish machining low-heat-production grinding wheel, the cooling liquid flow is automatically reduced, cooling liquid waste and the follow-up waste liquid treatment cost are reduced, and automatic adaptation of the machining quality and the resource utilization rate is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of grinding machine, in particular to an automatic grinding machine with replaceable wheel structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] Automatic grinding machine is the core equipment for realizing surface forming and precision control of metal parts in mechanical manufacturing, and is widely used in the fields of automobile, aerospace and the like. In actual processing, in order to adapt to different polishing requirements, multiple grinding wheels are often required to be replaced for work. Due to the differences in structure and granularity, the friction intensity between different grinding wheels and workpieces is different, and the heat production is also significantly different. When some grinding wheels are polished, the material removal amount is large and the friction is intense, and the heat production is high, so high-flow cooling liquid is required to cool down in time to avoid deformation of the workpiece and wear of the grinding wheel. When some grinding wheels are polished, the focus is on fine processing, and the heat production is low, and excessive cooling liquid will cause waste and increase the cost of waste liquid treatment.

[0003] In the industry, most automatic grinding machines have manual assisted or semi-automatic wheel replacement capability to switch different grinding wheels according to the processing requirements. The cooling system is mainly divided into two types: one is the fixed flow scheme, which sets a single cooling liquid flow according to the common working condition of the grinding machine, and maintains the same flow after replacing different grinding wheels; the other is the manual adjustment scheme, which adjusts the cooling liquid flow manually according to the experience of the operator after replacing the grinding wheel.

[0004] In the prior art, the grinding wheel replacement and cooling adjustment lack precise correlation, and there are obvious pain points. First, the cooling and heat production demand of the grinding wheel are not synchronized: manual adjustment is easy to be affected by experience and operation rhythm, and there is a lag or flow deviation; sensor detection is easy to be disturbed by metal debris and cooling liquid splashing generated during polishing, resulting in adjustment failure and inability to adapt to the heat production difference of different grinding wheels. Second, the adjustment convenience and reliability are insufficient: manual adjustment increases the workload of the operator, especially when multiple grinding wheels are frequently replaced, which will greatly reduce the production efficiency. It is unable to automatically match the heat production demand of the current grinding wheel, which is difficult to guarantee the cooling effect of high heat production grinding wheel and unable to avoid the waste of cooling liquid of low heat production grinding wheel. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide an automatic grinding machine with replaceable wheel structure to solve the problems raised in the background.

[0006] The purpose of the present application can be realized by the following technical solutions: An automatic grinding machine with replaceable wheel structure, preferably comprising a base, the top of the base is fixedly connected with an XYZ three-axis linkage machining bed, the Z-axis sliding table of the XYZ three-axis linkage machining bed is fixedly connected with a U-shaped support, one end of the U-shaped support is fixedly connected with a protective cover in a symmetrical manner, and three polishing wheels are uniformly arranged on the outer periphery of the protective cover. One end of the base is fixedly connected with an adjusting sliding pipe, a piston pipe and a water tank, a double-end piston rod is slidably inserted in the adjusting sliding pipe, one end of the double-end piston rod is movably inserted in the adjusting sliding pipe, the other end of the double-end piston rod is movably connected to the inside of the piston pipe, a drain port is arranged at the top of the piston pipe and a first one-way valve is arranged in the inside of the piston pipe, a water pumping pipe is fixedly connected to one side of the piston pipe, a second one-way valve is arranged at the output end of the water pumping pipe and the input end of the water pumping pipe extends into the water tank, a water supply pipe is fixedly connected to the output end of the drain port, one end of a protective cover is fixedly connected with a spray head, the output end of the water supply pipe is fixedly connected with the spray head; The wheel changing assembly is installed in the protective cover and is used to drive the three polishing wheels to rotate around the protective cover as the center to achieve the conversion; The adjusting assembly is installed in the adjusting sliding pipe and is used to automatically adjust and control the output flow of the cooling liquid of the spray head when the wheel changing assembly converts the polishing wheels.

[0007] Preferably, the wheel changing assembly comprises a fixed gear ring fixed to the inside of the protective cover, a sun gear is concentrically arranged in the fixed gear ring, a double-shaft motor is fixedly connected to the bottom of the protective cover, one output end of the double-shaft motor penetrates the protective cover and is fixedly connected with the sun gear, three planetary gears are arranged on the outer periphery of the sun gear, the planetary gears are engaged with the sun gear and the fixed gear ring, the first ball bearing is rotatably connected to the top of the planetary gear, the transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the polishing wheel shaft, and one end of the transmission shaft penetrates the first ball bearing and is rotatably connected therewith.

[0008] Preferably, the wheel changing assembly further comprises a first bevel gear fixedly connected to one end of the transmission shaft, a second bevel gear is rotatably connected in the other protective cover, the second bevel gear is synchronously engaged with the three first bevel gears, the shaft end of the second bevel gear is fixedly connected with a first worm gear, a first worm is rotatably connected in the inside of the other protective cover and is engaged with the first worm gear, a first motor is fixedly connected in the inside of the other protective cover, and the output end of the first motor is fixedly connected with the first worm.

[0009] Preferably, the wheel changing assembly further comprises annular sliding grooves arranged on opposite sides of the two protective covers, the annular sliding grooves are rotatably and slidably connected with the annular baffle, the second ball bearing is rotatably connected to the middle segment of the transmission shaft, and the second ball bearing is fixedly connected with the annular baffle.

[0010] Preferably, the adjusting assembly comprises a second worm rotatably connected to one end of the base, a second motor is fixedly connected to one end of the base, the output end of the second motor is fixedly connected with the second worm, a second worm gear engaged with the second worm is rotatably connected to one end of the base, the shaft end of the second worm gear is eccentrically fixedly connected with a circular push disc, the outer periphery of the circular push disc is in rolling contact with the abutting roller, the circular push disc pushes the abutting roller through the outer periphery when rotating, and the elastic return force of the return spring is matched to convert the rotary motion of the second worm gear into the linear reciprocating motion of the double-end piston rod, the middle segment of the double-end piston rod is rotatably connected with the abutting roller, the abutting roller is in rolling contact with the circular push disc, the double-end piston rod is sleeved with the return spring, and the return spring is arranged in the inside of the adjusting sliding pipe.

[0011] Preferably, the adjusting assembly further comprises an adjusting piston movably inserted in the adjusting sliding pipe, one end of the adjusting sliding pipe is rotationally connected with a third bevel gear, one end of the adjusting piston is rotationally connected with an adjusting screw, one end of the adjusting screw passes through the third bevel gear and is threadedly connected with the third bevel gear, the other output end of the double-shaft motor is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft, the bottom of the connecting shaft is sleeved with a sleeve rod, the bottom of the sleeve rod is fixedly connected with a fourth bevel gear, the fourth bevel gear is perpendicularly engaged with the third bevel gear, when the fourth bevel gear rotates with the sleeve rod, the third bevel gear is driven to rotate synchronously, and the adjusting screw axially moves, driven by the third bevel gear, to push the adjusting piston to slide along the adjusting sliding pipe.

[0012] Preferably, the adjusting assembly further comprises a first guide sliding groove symmetrically formed in the inner side of the sleeve rod, the bottom of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected with a first guide sliding block symmetrically, and the first guide sliding block is slidingly connected in the first guide sliding groove.

[0013] Preferably, the adjusting assembly further comprises a second guide sliding groove symmetrically formed in the inner side of the adjusting sliding pipe, one end of the adjusting piston is fixedly connected with a second guide sliding block symmetrically, and the second guide sliding block is slidingly connected in the second guide sliding groove.

[0014] Preferably, the outer side of one of the protective covers is fixedly connected with a visual monitoring module, the detection end of the visual monitoring module faces the contact end of the polishing wheel and the workpiece, one end of the base is fixedly connected with a controller, the controller is electrically connected with the visual monitoring module, and is used to receive the polishing wheel and the workpiece contact state signal fed back by the visual monitoring module, so as to control the action of the wheel changing assembly or the adjusting assembly.

[0015] Preferably, the inside of the base is provided with a recycling bin, and the top of the base is symmetrically provided with a recycling opening in communication with the recycling bin, and the inside of the recycling opening is fixedly connected with a filter screen.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: 1、The present application can automatically adapt the cooling liquid flow through the cooperation of the wheel changing assembly and the adjusting assembly when the wheel changing assembly drives the polishing wheel to switch, for high-heat polishing wheels such as rough machining, the adjusting assembly increases the cooling liquid output by adjusting the position of the adjusting piston to avoid workpiece thermal deformation and excessive grinding wheel wear, and for low-heat polishing wheels such as finishing, the adjusting assembly automatically reduces the cooling liquid flow to reduce cooling liquid waste and subsequent waste liquid treatment cost, and realize automatic adaptation of processing quality and resource utilization.

[0017] 2、The present application through the setting of the gear ring and the sun gear, the cooperation of the planet wheel, the cooperation of the annular baffle and the limiting action of the second ball bearing, can ensure that the three grinding wheels always rotate accurately with the protective cover as the center, at the same time, cooperate with the meshing transmission of the first bevel gear and the second bevel gear, drive the grinding wheel to complete high-speed rotation grinding, so as to realize the non-stop conversion of the three grinding wheels, effectively improve the processing efficiency of the device.

[0018] 3、The present application integrates the wheel changing assembly, the adjusting assembly and the visual monitoring module through the controller, uses the visual monitoring module to feedback the grinding state in real time, the controller automatically triggers the wheel changing action and controls the cooling liquid flow adjustment, without manual judgment and manual operation, further improves the overall processing efficiency of the equipment. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0019] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical scheme in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or the prior art description will be briefly introduced as follows, and obviously, other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor on the premise of not paying creative labor; Figure 1 It is the overall structure diagram of the automatic grinding machine in the present application; Figure 2 It is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the water tank in the present application; Figure 3 It is the three-dimensional structure diagram of the U-shaped support in the present application; Figure 4 It is the internal structure explosion diagram of the protective cover in the present application; Figure 5 It is the three-dimensional structure explosion diagram of the wheel changing assembly in the present application; Figure 6 It is the internal structure diagram of the sleeve rod in the present application; Figure 7 It is the overall structure diagram of the adjusting assembly in the present application; Figure 8 It is the internal structure diagram of the adjusting sliding pipe and the piston pipe in the present application; Figure 9 It is the internal structure diagram of the second guide sliding groove in the present application; Figure 10 It is the internal structure diagram of the recovery bin in the present application; The reference numerals in the diagram are as follows: 1. Base; 2. XYZ three-axis linkage machining center; 3. U-shaped bracket; 4. Protective cover; 5. Grinding wheel; 6. Adjusting slide tube; 7. Double-headed piston rod; 8. Piston tube; 9. Drain outlet; 10. First one-way valve; 11. Water suction pipe; 12. Second one-way valve; 13. Water tank; 14. Water supply pipe; 15. Nozzle; 16. Fixed gear ring; 17. Sun gear; 18. Dual-axis motor; 19. Planetary gear; 20. First ball bearing; 21. Drive shaft; 22. First bevel gear; 23. Second bevel gear; 24. First worm gear; 25. First worm; 26. ... 1. Motor; 27. Annular groove; 28. Annular baffle; 29. ​​Second ball bearing; 30. Second worm gear; 31. Second worm wheel; 32. Second motor; 33. Push plate; 34. Abutting roller; 35. Return spring; 36. Adjusting piston; 37. Third bevel gear; 38. Adjusting screw; 39. Connecting shaft; 40. Sleeve rod; 41. Fourth bevel gear; 42. First guide groove; 43. First guide slider; 44. Second guide groove; 45. Second guide slider; 46. Vision monitoring module; 47. Controller; 48. Recycling bin; 49. Recycling port; 50. Filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0020] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure belongs to the field of grinding machine technology and is used for metal parts processing equipment. It is specifically used for multi-process grinding and surface precision control of metal parts in the fields of automobiles and aerospace. It also integrates automatic grinding wheel switching and coolant flow synchronous linkage adjustment functions.

[0022] like Figures 1-5 As shown, it includes a base 1, an XYZ three-axis linkage machining center 2 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, the Z-axis slide of the XYZ three-axis linkage machining center 2 is fixedly connected to a U-shaped bracket 3, a protective cover 4 is symmetrically fixedly connected to one end of the U-shaped bracket 3, and three grinding wheels 5 are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the protective cover 4. One end of the base 1 is fixedly connected with the adjusting sliding pipe 6, the piston pipe 8 and the water tank 13, the double-head piston rod 7 is slidably inserted in the adjusting sliding pipe 6, one end of the double-head piston rod 7 is movably inserted in the adjusting sliding pipe 6, the other end is connected with the piston pipe 8, the top of the piston pipe 8 is provided with the drain port 9 and the inside is provided with the first one-way valve 10, the first one-way valve 10 only allows the cooling liquid to flow from the inside of the piston pipe 8 to the drain port 9, one side of the piston pipe 8 is fixedly connected with the water suction pipe 11, the output end of the water suction pipe 11 is provided with the second one-way valve 12 and the input end extends into the water tank 13, the second one-way valve 12 only allows the cooling liquid to flow from the water suction pipe 11 to the inside of the piston pipe 8, the output end of the drain port 9 is fixedly connected with the water supply pipe 14, one end of the protective cover 4 is fixedly connected with the spray head 15, the output end of the water supply pipe 14 is fixedly connected with the spray head 15; The wheel changing assembly is installed in the protective cover 4, which is used to drive the three polishing wheels 5 to rotate around the protective cover 4 to realize the conversion; The adjusting assembly is installed in the adjusting sliding pipe 6, which is used to automatically control the cooling liquid output flow of the spray head 15 when the wheel changing assembly converts the polishing wheels 5; The wheel changing assembly comprises a fixed tooth ring 16 fixed on the inside of the protective cover 4, a sun gear 17 concentrically arranged in the fixed tooth ring 16, a double-shaft motor 18 fixedly connected with the bottom of the protective cover 4, one output end of the double-shaft motor 18 penetrating the protective cover 4 is fixedly connected with the sun gear 17, three planetary gears 19 are arranged on the outer periphery of the sun gear 17, the planetary gears 19 are engaged with the sun gear 17 and the fixed tooth ring 16, the first ball bearing 20 is rotatably connected with the top of the planetary gear 19, the transmission shaft 21 is fixedly connected with the shaft end of the polishing wheel 5, and one end of the transmission shaft 21 penetrates the first ball bearing 20 and is rotatably connected therewith. The wheel changing assembly further comprises the first bevel gear 22 fixedly connected with one end of the transmission shaft 21, the second bevel gear 23 rotatably connected with the other protective cover 4, the second bevel gear 23 is synchronously engaged with the three first bevel gears 22, the shaft end of the second bevel gear 23 is fixedly connected with the first worm gear 24, the first worm 25 engaged with the first worm gear 24 is rotatably connected with the inside of the other protective cover 4, and the first motor 26 is fixedly connected with the inside of the other protective cover 4, and the output end of the first motor 26 is fixedly connected with the first worm 25.

[0023] The wheel changing assembly further comprises the annular sliding groove 27 opened on the opposite sides of the two protective covers 4, the annular baffle 28 is rotatably and slidably connected in the annular sliding groove 27, the second ball bearing 29 is rotatably connected with the middle segment of the transmission shaft 21, and the second ball bearing 29 is fixedly connected with the annular baffle 28.

[0024] In use, the XYZ three-axis linkage machining bed 2 at the top of the base 1 can drive the Z-axis sliding table to drive the U-shaped support 3 and the protective cover 4 to complete the position adjustment in the three-dimensional space, so that the polishing wheels 5 on the outer periphery of the protective cover 4 are accurately positioned for the workpiece to be machined. At this time, the three polishing wheels 5 on the outer periphery of the protective cover 4 correspond to three machining conditions of rough machining, finishing and super-fine machining respectively. If it is necessary to switch the polishing wheels 5 according to the machining requirements of the workpiece, the wheel changing assembly inside the protective cover 4 is started to work: First, start the double-shaft motor 18, and use one output end thereof to pass through the protective cover 4 and be fixedly connected with the sun gear 17, so as to drive the sun gear 17 to rotate inside the fixed-tooth ring 16. Since the sun gear 17 is synchronously meshed with the three planetary gears 19, and the planetary gears 19 are meshed with the fixed-tooth ring 16, under the fixed limiting action of the fixed-tooth ring 16, the planetary gears 19 not only revolve around the sun gear 17, but also rotate around the transmission shaft 21 through the first ball bearing 20. Finally, the polishing wheel 5 at the shaft end of the transmission shaft 21 rotates with the protective cover 4 as the center, so as to realize the position conversion of the polishing wheel 5 used in three different machining conditions of rough machining, finishing and super-fine machining; At the same time, in the conversion process, the second ball bearing 29 at the middle segment of the transmission shaft 21 is fixedly connected with the annular baffle 28, the annular baffle 28 synchronously rotates in the annular sliding groove 27 on the opposite side of the two protective covers 4, so that the annular baffle 28 effectively blocks the debris from entering the interior of the protective cover 4 to affect the operation of the internal structure; Then, the first motor 26 drives the first worm 25 to rotate, and through the meshing transmission of the first worm 25 and the first worm gear 24, drives the second bevel gear 23 to rotate, the second bevel gear 23 is synchronously meshed with the first bevel gears 22 on the three transmission shafts 21, and drives the polishing wheels 5 to rotate at high speed for polishing, so as to meet the machining requirements of different workpieces.

[0025] As shown in Figure 2 and Figures 5-10 , the adjusting assembly includes a second worm 30 rotatably connected to one end of the base 1, a second motor 32 fixedly connected to one end of the base 1, an output end of the second motor 32 fixedly connected with the second worm 30, a second worm gear 31 rotatably connected to one end of the base 1 and meshed with the second worm 30, a circular push disc 33 eccentrically fixedly connected to the shaft end of the second worm gear 31, the outer periphery of the circular push disc 33 in rolling abutment with the abutting roller 34, the circular push disc 33 rotates to abut against the abutting roller 34 through the outer periphery, and the elastic return force of the return spring 35 is matched to convert the rotary motion of the second worm gear 31 into the linear reciprocating motion of the double-headed piston rod 7, the middle segment of the double-headed piston rod 7 is rotatably connected with the abutting roller 34, the abutting roller 34 is in rolling abutment with the circular push disc 33, the outer periphery of the double-headed piston rod 7 is sleeved with the return spring 35, and the return spring 35 is arranged in the interior of the adjusting sliding pipe 6; The adjusting assembly further comprises an adjusting piston 36 movably inserted into the adjusting sliding pipe 6, one end of the adjusting sliding pipe 6 is rotationally connected with a third bevel gear 37, one end of the adjusting piston 36 is rotationally connected with an adjusting screw rod 38, one end of the adjusting screw rod 38 penetrates through the third bevel gear 37 and is threadedly connected with the third bevel gear 37, the other output end of the double-shaft motor 18 is fixedly connected with a connecting shaft 39, the bottom of the connecting shaft 39 is sleeved with a sleeve rod 40, the bottom of the sleeve rod 40 is fixedly connected with a fourth bevel gear 41, the fourth bevel gear 41 is perpendicularly engaged with the third bevel gear 37, when the fourth bevel gear 41 rotates with the sleeve rod 40, the third bevel gear 37 is driven to synchronously rotate, and then the adjusting screw rod 38 which is threadedly connected with the third bevel gear 37 is axially moved, and the adjusting piston 36 is pushed to slide along the adjusting sliding pipe 6; The adjusting assembly further comprises a first guide sliding groove 42 symmetrically formed in the inner side of the sleeve rod 40, and the bottom of the connecting shaft 39 is fixedly connected with a first guide sliding block 43 which is slidably connected in the first guide sliding groove 42; The adjusting assembly further comprises a second guide sliding groove 44 symmetrically formed in the inner side of the adjusting sliding pipe 6, and one end of the adjusting piston 36 is fixedly connected with a second guide sliding block 45 which is slidably connected in the second guide sliding groove 44; The outer side of one protective cover 4 is fixedly connected with a visual monitoring module 46, the detection end of the visual monitoring module 46 faces the contact end of the polishing wheel 5 and the workpiece, one end of the base 1 is fixedly connected with a controller 47 which is electrically connected with the visual monitoring module 46 and is used to receive the workpiece contact state signal of the polishing wheel 5 fed back by the visual monitoring module 46, and then control the wheel changing assembly or the adjusting assembly to act; The inner side of the base 1 is formed with a recycling bin 48, and the top of the base 1 is symmetrically formed with a recycling opening 49 which is in communication with the recycling bin 48, and the inner side of the recycling opening 49 is fixedly connected with a filter screen 50.

[0026] In use, when the wheel changing assembly completes the switching of the polishing wheel 5, the adjusting assembly is simultaneously started to adapt to the cooling liquid demand of the current polishing wheel 5, first, the second motor 32 is started by the controller 47, the second motor 32 drives the second worm 30 to rotate, the second worm 30 is engaged with the second worm gear 31, the second worm gear 31 drives the eccentric fixed circular push disc 33 to rotate, the outer periphery of the circular push disc 33 rolls against the abutting roller 34, the push disc pushes the abutting roller 34 through the outer periphery when rotating, and the elastic reset force of the reset spring 35 is matched to convert the rotary motion of the circular push disc 33 into the linear reciprocating motion of the double-headed piston rod 7; At the same time, one end of the double-headed piston rod 7 slides in the adjusting sliding pipe 6, and the other end does piston movement in the piston pipe 8; when the double-headed piston rod 7 moves towards the piston pipe 8, the pressure in the piston pipe 8 decreases, the second one-way valve 12 opens, and the cooling liquid in the water tank 13 is sucked into the piston pipe 8 through the water suction pipe 11; when the double-headed piston rod 7 moves towards the adjusting sliding pipe 6, the pressure in the piston pipe 8 increases, the first one-way valve 10 opens, and the cooling liquid is transported to the spray head 15 through the water outlet 9 and the water supply pipe 14, and the cooling liquid is sprayed to cool the polishing area; At the same time, when the wheel changing assembly switches the polishing wheel 5, the other output end of the double-shaft motor 18 drives the connecting shaft 39 to rotate; the first guide sliding block 43 at the bottom of the connecting shaft 39 slides in the first guide sliding groove 42 of the sleeve rod 40, so that the connecting shaft 39 and the sleeve rod 40 rotate synchronously and do not slip relative to each other; the sleeve rod 40 drives the fourth bevel gear 41 at the bottom to rotate; Because the fourth bevel gear 41 is vertically meshed with the third bevel gear 37, the torque is transmitted to the third bevel gear 37; the third bevel gear 37 is threadedly connected with the adjusting screw 38, thereby driving the adjusting screw 38 to move axially; at this time, the second guide sliding block 45 at one end of the adjusting piston 36 slides in the second guide sliding groove 44 of the adjusting sliding pipe 6, thereby limiting the rotation of the adjusting piston 36, so that the adjusting piston 36 moves axially along the adjusting sliding pipe 6 with the adjusting screw 38, thereby changing the effective volume in the adjusting sliding pipe 6; thus, by limiting the movement distance of the double-headed piston rod 7 in the adjusting sliding pipe 6 by the adjusting piston 36, the piston volume of the other end of the double-headed piston rod 7 in the piston pipe 8 is adjusted, thereby adjusting the flow of the cooling liquid, and adapting to the heat generation demand of the current polishing wheel 5; Moreover, the detection end of the visual monitoring module 46 is always directed towards the contact end of the polishing wheel 5 and the workpiece, continuously collects image information of the polishing area, including the surface state of the workpiece, the wear condition of the polishing wheel 5 and the coverage range of the cooling liquid, and transmits the information to the controller 47 for analysis; according to the polishing process, the wheel changing assembly switches the polishing wheel 5, thereby ensuring the machining precision; At the same time, the mixture of waste liquid and metal scraps generated during polishing falls on the top of the base 1, flows along the surface of the base into the recovery port 49, the filter screen 50 in the recovery port 49 filters out the metal scraps in the mixture, avoids the blockage of the pipeline by the scraps, and the filtered cooling liquid enters the recovery bin 48 for temporary storage; the cooling liquid in the recovery bin 48 can be subsequently transported back to the water tank 13 by a pump body, thereby realizing the recycling of the cooling liquid and reducing the resource waste and waste liquid treatment cost.

[0027] The working principle of the automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure provided by the application is as follows: Firstly, the workpiece to be processed is fixed on the workbench of the XYZ three-axis linkage processing bed 2, and the processing parameters are set through the controller 47. The controller 47 first drives the Z-axis sliding table of the XYZ three-axis linkage processing bed 2, drives the U-shaped support 3 and the protective cover 4 to move, and makes the outer periphery of the protective cover 4 correspond to the polished wheel 5 in the initial processing condition to accurately align the workpiece to be polished area, and complete the position calibration before processing; Subsequently, if the initial polishing wheel 5 does not meet the current processing requirement, the controller 47 starts the double-shaft motor 18 to drive the sun gear 17 to rotate in the gear ring 16, the sun gear 17 drives the three planetary gears 19 to revolve and rotate, the planetary gears 19 drive the transmission shaft 21 and the polishing wheel 5 to rotate with the protective cover 4 as the center, realizing the switching of the polishing wheel 5 corresponding to the three processing conditions of initial processing, fine processing and super-fine processing, to meet different processing requirements; Then, the first motor 26 is started to drive the first worm 25 to rotate, the second bevel gear 23 is driven to rotate through the first worm gear 24, the second bevel gear 23 is engaged with the first bevel gear 22 to provide stable rotating power for the polishing wheel 5, and the polishing of the polishing wheel 5 on the target is completed. While the wheel switching assembly switches the polishing wheel 5, the controller 47 starts the second motor 32, the second motor 32 drives the second worm 30 to engage with the second worm gear 31 for transmission, the second worm gear 31 drives the eccentric circular push plate 33 to rotate; the circular push plate 33 drives the double-headed piston rod 7 to do linear reciprocating motion through the abutting roller 34, and the elastic reset force of the reset spring 35 is matched to realize the piston movement of the double-headed piston rod 7 in the piston pipe 8: when the double-headed piston rod 7 moves to the piston pipe 8, the second one-way valve 12 is opened, the cooling liquid in the water tank 13 is sucked into the piston pipe 8 through the water suction pipe 11; when the double-headed piston rod 7 moves to the adjusting sliding pipe 6, the first one-way valve 10 is opened, the cooling liquid is transported to the spray head 15 through the water outlet 9 and the water supply pipe 14, and is sprayed to the polishing area to complete cooling; Then, the other output end of the double-shaft motor 18 drives the connecting shaft 39 to rotate, the connecting shaft 39 drives the sleeve rod 40 and the fourth bevel gear 41 to rotate through the cooperation of the first guide sliding block 43 and the first guide sliding groove 42, the fourth bevel gear 41 is vertically engaged with the third bevel gear 37, drives the adjusting screw 38 to move axially, and the adjusting piston 36 slides along the adjusting sliding pipe 6 under the limitation of the second guide sliding block 45 and the second guide sliding groove 44, changes the effective volume in the adjusting sliding pipe 6, so as to limit the movement distance of the double-headed piston rod 7 in the adjusting sliding pipe 6 by the adjusting piston 36, adjusts the piston amount of the other end of the double-headed piston rod 7 in the piston pipe 8, and then realizes the adjustment of the cooling liquid flow to adapt to the heat production requirement of the current polishing wheel 5; And in the processing, the visual monitoring module 46 collects the image information of the contact end of the polishing wheel 5 with the workpiece and transmits to the controller 47 for analysis, and according to the polishing process, the wheel switching assembly is started to switch the polishing wheel 5, so as to ensure the machining precision. At the same time, the waste liquid and the mixture of the debris generated by polishing are filtered through the filter screen 50 of the recovery port 49, and the cooling liquid flows into the recovery bin 48 for temporary storage. The subsequent can be recycled and transported back to the water tank 13 for repeated use, and a complete automatic polishing process is completed.

[0028] The above shows and describes the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present application. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present application is not limited to the above embodiments, and the above embodiments and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed present application.

Claims

1. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure, characterized in that: Includes a base (1), the top of which is fixedly connected to an XYZ three-axis linkage machining center (2), the Z-axis slide of the XYZ three-axis linkage machining center (2) is fixedly connected to a U-shaped bracket (3), and a protective cover (4) is symmetrically fixedly connected to one end of the U-shaped bracket (3), and three grinding wheels (5) are evenly arranged on the outer periphery of the protective cover (4). One end of the base (1) is fixedly connected to an adjusting slide tube (6), a piston tube (8) and a water tank (13). A double-headed piston rod (7) is slidably inserted inside the adjusting slide tube (6). One end of the double-headed piston rod (7) is movably inserted inside the adjusting slide tube (6), and the other end is piston-connected inside the piston tube (8). The piston tube (8) is provided with a drain outlet (9) at the top and a first one-way valve (10) inside. A water pumping pipe (11) is fixedly connected to one side of the piston tube (8). A second one-way valve (12) is provided at the output end of the water pumping pipe (11), and the input end extends into the water tank (13). The output end of the drain outlet (9) is fixedly connected to a water supply pipe (14). One end of a protective cover (4) is fixedly connected to a nozzle (15), and the output end of the water supply pipe (14) is fixedly connected to the nozzle (15). The protective cover (4) is equipped with a wheel-changing assembly, which drives the three grinding wheels (5) to rotate around the protective cover (4) to achieve the conversion. An adjustment component is installed inside the adjustment slide tube (6) to automatically adjust the coolant output flow rate of the nozzle (15) when the grinding wheel (5) is switched by the wheel changing component.

2. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The wheel-changing assembly includes a fixed gear ring (16) fixed inside a protective cover (4), a sun gear (17) concentrically arranged inside the fixed gear ring (16), a dual-axis motor (18) fixedly connected to the bottom of a protective cover (4), one output end of the dual-axis motor (18) passing through the protective cover (4) and fixedly connected to the sun gear (17), three planet gears (19) arranged on the outer periphery of the sun gear (17), the planet gears (19) meshing with the sun gear (17) and the fixed gear ring (16), the top of the planet gears (19) rotatably connected to the first ball bearing (20), and the shaft end of the grinding wheel (5) fixedly connected to the drive shaft (21), one end of the drive shaft (21) passing through the first ball bearing (20) and rotatably connected to it.

3. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear changing assembly also includes a first bevel gear (22) fixedly connected to one end of a drive shaft (21), a second bevel gear (23) rotatably connected inside another protective cover (4), the second bevel gear (23) meshing synchronously with the three first bevel gears (22), the shaft end of the second bevel gear (23) fixedly connected to a first worm gear (24), the first worm (25) meshing with the first worm gear (24) rotatably connected inside another protective cover (4), and a first motor (26) fixedly connected inside another protective cover (4), the output end of the first motor (26) fixedly connected to the first worm (25).

4. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: The wheel-changing assembly also includes two protective covers (4) with annular grooves (27) on opposite sides. Annular baffles (28) are rotatably connected inside the annular grooves (27). A second ball bearing (29) is rotatably connected to the middle section of the drive shaft (21). The second ball bearing (29) is fixedly connected to the annular baffles (28).

5. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly includes a second worm gear (30) rotatably connected to one end of the base (1), a second motor (32) fixedly connected to one end of the base (1), the output end of the second motor (32) fixedly connected to the second worm gear (30), a second worm wheel (31) meshing with the second worm gear (30) rotatably connected to one end of the base (1), a circular push disk (33) eccentrically fixedly connected to the shaft end of the second worm wheel (31), the outer periphery of the circular push disk (33) rolling against the contact roller (34), the middle section of the double-headed piston rod (7) rotatably connected to the contact roller (34), the contact roller (34) rolling against the circular push disk (33), and a return spring (35) sleeved on the outer periphery of the double-headed piston rod (7), the return spring (35) being set inside the adjustment slide tube (6).

6. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 5, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly also includes an adjustment piston (36) that is movably inserted inside the adjustment slide tube (6). One end of the adjustment slide tube (6) is rotatably connected to a third bevel gear (37), and one end of the adjustment piston (36) is rotatably connected to an adjustment screw (38). One end of the adjustment screw (38) passes through the third bevel gear (37) and is threadedly connected to the third bevel gear (37). The other output end of the dual-axis motor (18) is fixedly connected to a connecting shaft (39). A sleeve rod (40) is sleeved on the bottom of the connecting shaft (39), and a fourth bevel gear (41) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the sleeve rod (40). The fourth bevel gear (41) meshes perpendicularly with the third bevel gear (37).

7. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly also includes a first guide groove (42) symmetrically opened on the inner side of the sleeve (40), and a first guide slider (43) symmetrically fixedly connected to the bottom of the connecting shaft (39), and the first guide slider (43) is slidably connected inside the first guide groove (42).

8. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly also includes a second guide groove (44) symmetrically opened inside the adjustment slide tube (6), and a second guide slider (45) symmetrically fixedly connected to one end of the adjustment piston (36), and the second guide slider (45) slidably connected inside the second guide groove (44).

9. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: A vision monitoring module (46) is fixedly connected to the outside of one of the protective covers (4). The detection end of the vision monitoring module (46) faces the contact end between the grinding wheel (5) and the workpiece. A controller (47) is fixedly connected to one end of the base (1). The controller (47) is electrically connected to the vision monitoring module (46).

10. An automatic grinding machine with a replaceable wheel structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The base (1) has a recycling bin (48) inside, and the top of the base (1) has a recycling port (49) that communicates with the recycling bin (48). A filter screen (50) is fixedly connected inside the recycling port (49).

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