Automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and processing

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of crankshaft shot blasting, in particular to an automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and processing. The present application provides an automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and processing, which comprises an outer frame, a shot blasting machine, a driving motor, a transmission shaft, a rotating disc, a tray, a lower rotating shaft and a recovery container. The outer frame is a square closed structure as a whole. The shot blasting machine is installed at the two inclined corners of the upper rear side of the outer frame. The nozzle of the shot blasting machine is communicated with the inner cavity of the outer frame. The driving motor is installed at the middle of the top of the outer frame. The output shaft of the driving motor penetrates into the working cavity of the outer frame and is connected with the transmission shaft. The crankshaft is driven by the "rotation (rotating disc) + rotation (gear and gear ring meshing)" compound motion, and the superimposed shaking assembly (lower spline shaft reciprocates up and down with the wave ring) cooperates with the shot blasting machine to cross and shoot, so that the oxide scale can be fully removed, the uniform residual compressive stress layer is formed, the dead angle of the shot blasting is reduced, and the consistency of the crankshaft surface processing is ensured.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of crankshaft shot blasting, and particularly relates to an automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and machining. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the manufacturing process of engine crankshafts, shot blasting is a crucial process, which aims to remove the oxide skin and burrs adhered to the surface of the crankshaft after heat treatment through high-speed projectile impact, and to form a uniform residual compressive stress layer on the surface of the crankshaft, thereby improving the fatigue strength and service life of the crankshaft. In a continuous shot blasting production line, a suspension-type lifting device is commonly used as a bearing and conveying mechanism for the crankshaft. The device usually positions the crankshaft by hooking or clamping the flange end, main shaft neck or special lifting hole of the crankshaft, and conveys the crankshaft through the shot blasting chamber by a suspension chain or trolley system, while driving the crankshaft to rotate around a fixed axis during the process.

[0003] However, such suspension-type lifting devices have obvious limitations in practical application. First, the mechanical connection parts (such as clamps, hooks, etc.) between the lifting device and the crankshaft inevitably block the projectile flow path, causing fixed blind areas of projection, which are difficult to completely eliminate by adjusting the angle of the shot blaster or process parameters. Second, the crankshaft is usually only rotated at a constant speed during the shot blasting process, lacking the ability to dynamically adjust multiple degrees of freedom, resulting in insufficient coverage of complex surfaces such as shaft neck transition arcs, oil hole inner walls, and balance block grooves, and easily forming secondary dead angles due to limited impact angles. In addition, due to the structural differences of different types of crankshafts, their lifting positioning positions also change accordingly, and the same lifting device cannot adapt to multi-variety production, and the inconsistency of dead angle positions and areas further aggravates, ultimately affecting the uniformity and overall quality consistency of the crankshaft shot blasting process. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to overcome the shortcomings mentioned in the background art, the present application provides an automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and machining.

[0005] The technical scheme of the present application is: an automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and processing, comprising an outer frame, a shot blasting machine, a driving motor, a transmission shaft, a rotating disc, a supporting rod, a tray, a lower rotating shaft, a recovery container, a supporting ring, an upper rotating shaft, a gear, a gear ring, a pressing assembly and a shaking assembly, the outer frame is in a square closed structure as a whole, the shot blasting machine is installed at the upper rear side of the outer frame, the shot blasting machine nozzle is communicated with the inner cavity of the outer frame, the driving motor is installed at the middle of the top of the outer frame, the output shaft of the driving motor penetrates into the working cavity of the outer frame and is connected with the transmission shaft, the rotating discs are fixedly connected with the upper and lower ends of the transmission shaft respectively, the supporting ring is fixedly installed at the inner bottom of the outer frame, the recovery container is installed at the bottom of the supporting ring, the lower rotating disc is rotatably connected with the top of the supporting ring, a plurality of lower rotating shafts are rotatably connected with the lower rotating disc in a circumferential interval, the trays are connected with the top of the lower rotating shaft, a plurality of upper rotating shafts are rotatably connected with the upper rotating disc in a circumferential interval at the corresponding positions, the gears are installed on the outer sides of the upper rotating shafts and the lower rotating shafts, the gear rings are connected with the top and the bottom of the outer frame, the gear rings are meshed with the gears on the same side, the pressing assembly is arranged on the upper rotating shaft, and the shaking assembly is arranged on the lower rotating shaft.

[0006] Further, the pressing assembly comprises an upper spline shaft, a pressing spring, a pressing rod, a buffer spring, a ball and a guide ring, the upper spline shaft is slidably connected in the upper rotating shaft, the pressing spring is connected between the lower end of the upper spline shaft and the bottom of the upper rotating shaft, the sliding groove is formed in the upper spline shaft, the pressing rod is slidably connected in the sliding groove, the buffer spring is connected between the top end of the pressing rod and the inside of the sliding groove, the ball is hinged to the top end of the upper spline shaft, the guide ring is connected with the top of the outer frame, the arc-shaped gap is formed in the front end of the guide ring, and the upper spline shaft is slidably connected with the guide ring and the arc-shaped gap through the ball at the top end.

[0007] Further, the shaking assembly comprises a lower spline shaft, a pulley and a wave ring, the lower spline shaft is slidably connected in the lower rotating shaft, the top end of the lower spline shaft penetrates into the tray, the pulley is rotatably connected with the bottom end of the lower spline shaft through the shaft seat, the shaft seat is rotatably connected with the lower spline shaft, the wave ring is connected with the outer side of the supporting ring, and the pulley is slidably connected with the top surface of the wave ring.

[0008] Further, the wave ring top surface is provided with a continuous wave-shaped convex strip, and the pulley outer surface is provided with a ring-shaped groove corresponding to the convex strip.

[0009] Further, the outer frame comprises a sliding rail and a moving door, the outer frame upper front side is provided with an inlet and outlet, the outer frame upper front side is provided with a sliding rail above and below the inlet and outlet, and the moving door is slidably connected between the two sliding rails.

[0010] Further, the device further comprises guide rods, filling blocks, compression springs, inclined blocks and rollers, two guide rods are fixedly connected to the outer frame near the position of the arc-shaped opening on the upper part, the rear ends of the two guide rods are connected with the guide ring, the filling blocks are slidably connected between the two guide rods, the shape of the filling blocks is matched with the arc-shaped opening, the compression springs are sleeved outside the guide rods, the two ends of the compression springs are connected with the front side of the guide ring and the wall surface of the outer frame respectively, the rollers are rotatably connected to the front side of the bottom of the filling blocks, the inclined blocks are installed on the rear side wall of the upper part of the movable door, and the inclined blocks and the rollers form a contact fitting relationship.

[0011] Further, the device further comprises supports, U-shaped blocks, reed pieces and guide pieces, the guide pieces are connected to the inner wall of the outer frame on both sides of the entrance and exit of the movable door, the two guide pieces are distributed in an eight-character shape, the supports are connected to the upper sides of the support rods, the U-shaped blocks are connected to the supports, the width of the U-shaped notch of the U-shaped block is matched with the diameter of the upper end journal of the crankshaft, the reed pieces are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped block, and the U-shaped block can be aligned and attached to the two guide pieces.

[0012] Further, the inner wall of the U-shaped notch of the U-shaped block is attached to a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer.

[0013] Beneficial effects are: 1. The crankshaft is driven by "rotation (turning disc) + rotation (gear and gear ring meshing)", and the superposition shaking assembly (lower spline shaft reciprocates up and down with the wave ring) cooperates with the cross-throwing of the shot blaster to fully remove the oxide scale, form a uniform residual compressive stress layer, reduce the dead angle of throwing, and ensure the consistency of the surface processing of the crankshaft.

[0014] 2. The filling block and the pressing assembly are linked, when the movable door is closed, the inclined block pushes the filling block to fill the arc-shaped opening, full-station clamping is realized, when the door is opened, the compression spring resets to make the filling block disengage, the automatic release of the movable door, combined with the guide piece, simplifies the loading and unloading process and improves the operation efficiency.

[0015] 3. After use, the pellets are collected in the recovery container, sent to the external equipment for screening and dust removal, and then transported back to the shot blaster, reducing the waste of pellets and the cost of consumables, while avoiding the accumulation of pellets in the working cavity and ensuring the stable operation of the shot blasting. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the application.

[0017] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the turntable, support rod and tray of the application.

[0018] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the slide rail, movable door and tray of the application.

[0019] Figure 4Figure 1 is a perspective view of the lower shaft, the recovery container and the support ring of the present application.

[0020] Figure 5 Figure 2 is a perspective view of the driving motor, the transmission shaft and the rotating disc of the present application.

[0021] Figure 6 Figure 3 is a perspective view of the gear, the gear ring and the guide ring of the present application.

[0022] Figure 7 Figure 4 is a perspective view of the upper spline shaft, the gear and the compression rod of the present application.

[0023] Figure 8 Figure 5 is a perspective view of the buffer spring, the ball and the upper shaft of the present application.

[0024] Figure 9 Figure 6 is a perspective view of the lower spline shaft, the pulley and the wave ring of the present application.

[0025] Figure 10 Figure 7 is a perspective view of the tray, the lower shaft and the pulley of the present application.

[0026] Figure 11 Figure 8 is a perspective view of the gear, the lower shaft and the lower spline shaft of the present application.

[0027] Figure 12 Figure 9 is a perspective view of the filling block, the inclined block and the moving door of the present application.

[0028] Figure 13 Figure 10 is a perspective view of the guide ring, the guide rod and the filling block of the present application.

[0029] Figure 14 Figure 11 is a perspective view of the guide rod, the filling block and the compression spring of the present application.

[0030] Figure 15 Figure 12 is a state diagram of the filling block filled into the arc gap of the guide ring of the present application.

[0031] Figure 16 Figure 13 is a perspective view of the inclined block, the roller and the filling block of the present application.

[0032] Figure 17 Figure 14 is a plan view of the filling block, the compression spring and the inclined block of the present application.

[0033] Figure 18 Figure 15 is a perspective view of the bracket, the guide and the support rod of the present application.

[0034] Figure 19It is a stereoscopic structure schematic diagram of the support, support rod and spring leaf of the application.

[0035] Figure 20 It is a stereoscopic structure schematic diagram of the support, U-shaped block and spring leaf of the application.

[0036] In the figure: 1-outer frame, 102-throwing shot machine, 103-driving motor, 104-transmission shaft, 105-rotating disc, 106-support rod, 107-tray, 1071-lower rotating shaft, 108-recovery container, 109-support ring, 201-upper rotating shaft, 202-gear, 203-gear ring, 301-upper spline shaft, 302-pressing spring, 303-pressing rod, 304-buffer spring, 305-rolling ball, 306-guiding ring, 307-arc notch, 401-lower spline shaft, 402-pulley, 403-wavy ring, 501-guide rod, 502-filling block, 503-compression spring, 504-inclined block, 505-rolling wheel, 601-sliding rail, 602-moving door, 701-support, 702-U-shaped block, 703-spring leaf, 704-guiding piece. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0037] The embodiments of the application are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0038] Example 1: an automatic throwing shot machine for engine crankshaft production and processing, like Figures 1-11As shown, including the outer frame 1, the shot blasting machine 102, the drive motor 103, the transmission shaft 104, the rotating disc 105, the support rod 106, the tray 107, the lower rotating shaft 1071, the recovery container 108, the support ring 109, the upper rotating shaft 201, the gear 202, the gear ring 203, the sliding rail 601, the moving door 602, the pressing assembly and the shaking assembly, the outer frame 1 is welded by Q235 steel and covered with 10mm thick wear-resistant steel plate, which is a square closed structure and divided into upper and lower chambers, the upper chamber is a shot blasting working chamber, and the lower chamber is a projectile recovery chamber, the shot blasting machine 102 is fixedly installed on the upper rear side of the outer frame 1 through flanges, the shot blasting machine 102 is arranged in a double shot blasting machine layout, the nozzles of the shot blasting machine 102 are communicated with the working chamber of the outer frame 1 and face the center area of the chamber along the diagonal direction, the drive motor 103 is installed on the top middle of the outer frame 1 through bolts, the output shaft of the drive motor 103 penetrates into the working chamber of the outer frame 1 and is fixedly connected with the transmission shaft 104, the upper and lower rotating discs 105 are fixedly connected with the upper and lower ends of the transmission shaft 104 respectively, the two rotating discs 105 are connected to form a frame structure through a plurality of support rods 106 which are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction, the support ring 109 is fixedly installed on the inner bottom of the outer frame 1, the recovery container 108 located in the recovery chamber is installed on the bottom of the support ring 109 through bolts, which is used for collecting and discharging the used projectiles to the external recovery system, the recovery system is connected with the projectile inlet of the shot blasting machine 102 through a pipeline to realize the recycling of the projectiles, the lower rotating disc 105 is rotatably connected with the top of the support ring 109, six lower rotating shafts 1071 are rotatably connected with the lower rotating disc 105 in the circumferential direction at intervals, the trays 107 are fixedly connected with the top of the lower rotating shafts 1071 and used for supporting the lower end journals of the crankshafts, six upper rotating shafts 201 are also rotatably connected with the upper rotating disc 105 in the circumferential direction at intervals, the gears 202 are fixedly installed on the outer sides of the upper rotating shafts 201 and the lower rotating shafts 1071, the gear rings 203 are fixedly connected with the inner top and bottom of the outer frame 1, the gear rings 203 are meshed with the six gears 202 on the same side, the inlet and outlet are arranged on the front side of the upper part of the outer frame 1 to facilitate the loading and unloading of the crankshafts, the sliding rails 601 are installed on the upper and lower sides of the inlet and outlet of the outer frame 1 through bolts, the moving door 602 is slidably connected between the two sliding rails 601 and used for closing and opening the inlet and outlet, the pressing assembly is arranged on the upper rotating shaft 201 and used for applying pressing force to the upper end of the crankshaft, and the shaking assembly is arranged on the lower rotating shaft 1071 and used for driving the crankshaft to produce axial shaking.

[0039] As Figures 6-8As shown, the pressing assembly includes upper spline shaft 301, pressing spring 302, pressing rod 303, buffer spring 304, ball 305 and guide ring 306, the upper spline shaft 301 is vertically and slidably connected in the upper rotating shaft 201, the pressing spring 302 is connected between the lower end of the upper spline shaft 301 and the bottom of the upper rotating shaft 201, the sliding groove is formed in the upper spline shaft 301, the pressing rod 303 is slidably connected in the sliding groove, used for pressing the top end of the crankshaft, the buffer spring 304 is connected between the top end of the pressing rod 303 and the inside of the sliding groove, the ball 305 is hinged at the top end of the upper spline shaft 301, the guide ring 306 is fixedly connected at the top of the outer frame 1, the arc notch 307 is formed in the front end of the guide ring 306, and the upper spline shaft 301 is slidably connected with the bottom plane of the guide ring 306 and the arc notch 307 through the ball 305 at the top end.

[0040] As shown in Figures 9-11 The shaking assembly includes lower spline shaft 401, pulley 402 and wave ring 403, lower spline shaft 401 is vertically and slidably connected in the lower rotating shaft 1071, the top end of the lower spline shaft 401 penetrates into the inside of the tray 107, used for abutting against the bottom end of the crankshaft, the pulley 402 is rotatably connected with the lower spline shaft 401 through the shaft seat, and the lower spline shaft 401 and the pulley 402 are horizontally rotatably connected, the wave ring 403 is welded on the outer side of the supporting ring 109, the lower spline shaft 401 is slidably connected with the top surface of the wave ring 403 through the pulley 402 at the bottom, the top surface of the wave ring 403 is provided with a continuous wave-shaped convex strip, the pulley 402 is correspondingly provided with a ring-shaped groove on the outer surface, the groove and the convex strip are embedded, so as to ensure that the pulley 402 can always stably contact and drive the wave ring 403 when the lower spline shaft 401 rotates with the rotating disc 105, and the surface of the convex strip is subjected to hardening treatment, and the pulley 402 is made of wear-resistant copper-based alloy material, so as to improve the service life.

[0041] When the shot blasting of the crankshaft is carried out, first, the moving door 602 is pushed to open along the slide rail 601 to the right side, at this time, the driving motor 103 is in the power-off brake release state, the transmission shaft 104 and the rotating disc 105 can rotate freely, the staff rotates the rotating disc 105 by means of the tool (or controls the driving motor 103 in the low-speed point mode), so that the pressing assembly of one of the working positions is aligned with the arc notch 307, the pressing rod 303 of the working position is in the upper loose state, the bottom journal of the crankshaft to be processed is clamped into the tray 107, then the rotating disc 105 is rotated clockwise, the crankshaft is clamped into the tray 107 of each working position one by one, and the operation is repeated until the six working positions are completed. During the placing process, when the rotating disc 105 rotates clockwise, the arc surface of the arc notch 307 will press the ball 305 opposite to the loading and unloading working position, drive the upper spline shaft 301 and the pressing rod 303 to move downward, the pressing rod 303 is pressed to the top end of the crankshaft, and the elastic pressing is realized under the joint action of the pressing spring 302 and the buffer spring 304. In the whole device, except that the pressing assembly in the loading and unloading working position is in the state of waiting to be pressed, the working positions in other areas are in the state of being pressed, after the six crankshafts are placed, the moving door 602 is slid to the left along the slide rail 601 to close.

[0042] Then the driving motor 103 is started, the output shaft of the driving motor 103 rotates to drive the transmission shaft 104 to rotate synchronously, and then drives the frame composed of the up-down turntable 105 and the support rod 106 to rotate clockwise, and the shot blasting machine 102 is started synchronously. The shot blasting machine 102 draws the pellets into the machine, uses the high-speed rotation of the impeller to accelerate the pellets and then impact the crankshaft inward, so as to remove the oxide skin and burrs of the crankshaft after heat treatment. At the same time, the high-frequency impact of the pellets on the surface layer of the crankshaft forms a residual compressive stress layer with a depth of 0.1-0.3mm, thereby greatly prolonging the fatigue life of the crankshaft. In the process of the circumferential rotation of the turntable 105, the lower shaft 1071, the tray 107, the crankshaft, the upper shaft 201 and the pressing assembly are driven to rotate along the center of the outer frame 1 synchronously. At the same time, the gears 202 on the outer sides of the upper shaft 201 and the lower shaft 1071 are in meshing transmission with the gear ring 203. Under the action of the fixed tooth profile of the gear ring 203, the gears 202 drive the upper shaft 201 and the lower shaft 1071 to rotate synchronously, and then drive the crankshaft fixed thereon to realize the compound motion of "rotation + rotation", thereby ensuring that the surface of the crankshaft is uniformly impacted by the pellets. The rotation of the lower shaft 401 and the upper shaft 301 does not affect the normal operation of the device. At the same time, the circumferential rotation of the lower shaft 1071 synchronously drives the lower shaft 401 and the bottom pulley 402 inside the lower shaft 1071 to slide along the wave ring 403. Since the convex stripes on the top surface of the wave ring 403 are in a periodic wave structure, when the pulley 402 slides along the convex stripes, the lower shaft 401 is pushed to move up and down along the spline hole of the lower shaft 1071. The lower shaft 401 drives the crankshaft to vibrate up and down. In this process, the pressing rod 303 slides up and down along the inner sliding groove of the upper shaft 301 synchronously, and the buffer spring 304 is reset by elastic deformation, so that the crankshaft is always in a pressed state and can be stably vibrated. When the crankshaft rotates to the diagonal line area close to the two sides of the shot blasting machine 102, the pellet flow density reaches the peak value, and the surface of the crankshaft is more fully impacted by the pellets. The used pellets in the working cavity slide downward to the recycling container 108 under the action of gravity, and are discharged from the recycling container 108 to the external recycling equipment. After screening and dust removal, the pellets are re-pumped to the pellet inlet of the shot blasting machine 102 to realize recycling.

[0043] After the preset shot blasting time is completed, the shot blaster 102 is turned off first. After the residual shot in the working chamber has completely fallen back into the recovery container 108, the drive motor 103 is turned off. Then, the moving door 602 is opened to the right along the slide rail 601. By rotating the turntable 105, each station is aligned with the arc notch 307 in sequence. At this time, the upper spline shaft 301 moves upward under the reset action of the clamping spring 302, which drives the clamping rod 303 to release the crankshaft. The workers unload the processed crankshafts one by one from the front station, and then place the new crankshafts to be processed in the same way as above to continue the subsequent shot blasting operation. This device can process six crankshafts at the same time. The shot blasting efficiency is significantly improved compared with traditional equipment. There are only small dead corners in the contact area between the upper and lower journals of the crankshaft and the tray 107 and the clamping rod 303. This area can be locally treated by the subsequent dedicated supplementary shot blasting station, thereby ensuring the consistency of the overall shot blasting quality of the crankshaft.

[0044] Example 2: Based on Example 1, such as Figures 12-17 As shown, the device also includes guide rods 501, filler blocks 502, compression springs 503, inclined blocks 504, and rollers 505. Two parallel guide rods 501 are bolted to the upper part of the outer frame 1 near the arc-shaped notch 307. The rear ends of the two guide rods 501 are connected to guide rings 306. A filler block 502 is slidably connected between the two guide rods 501. The filler block 502 is aligned with the arc-shaped notch 307, and its shape perfectly matches the arc-shaped notch 307. The rear end face of the filler block 502 is machined with a transition slope. A compression spring 503 is fitted on the outer side of 501. The front and rear ends of the compression spring 503 are connected to the front side of the guide ring 306 and the wall of the outer frame 1, respectively. In the initial state, the compression spring 503 is in a pre-compressed state, keeping the filling block 502 separated from the arc notch 307. A roller 505 is rotatably connected to the bottom front side of the filling block 502. An inclined block 504 is installed on the upper rear side wall of the sliding door 602. When the sliding door 602 closes to the left, the driving inclined surface of the inclined block 504 can contact the roller 505 to push the filling block 502.

[0045] When the crankshaft to be machined is clamped on the tray 107, the movable door 602 is pushed to the left along the slide rail 601 to close, and the movable door 602 synchronously drives the inclined block 504 to move to the left. When the inclined surface of the inclined block 504 is in contact with the roller 505, with the movable door 602 continuously closing, the inclined block 504 pushes the roller 505 and the filling block 502 to translate to the rear side along the guide rod 501 through the inclined surface pressure, and the compression spring 503 is further compressed, until the filling block 502 is completely embedded in the arc gap 307, at the same time, the transition inclined surface of the filling block 502 is in contact with the ball 305 of the upper spline shaft 301 on the loading and unloading station, the ball 305 is extruded through the inclined surface pressure, the upper spline shaft 301 is driven to move downward, and finally the pressing rod 303 presses the top end of the crankshaft in the station, realizing full-time clamping of all six crankshafts in the station; after the driving motor 103 is started, the disc 105 continuously rotates, the ball 305 of the upper spline shaft 301 can smoothly slide along the guide ring 306 and the bottom surface of the filling block 502, and the crankshaft can be stably clamped during the shot blasting process, avoiding the shot blasting blind area or the workpiece movement caused by the loose clamping of the station.

[0046] When the shot blasting of the crankshaft is completed, the driving motor 103 and the shot blaster 102 are turned off, the movable door 602 is pulled to the right to open, the inclined block 504 is synchronized with the movable door 602 to move to the right and separate from the roller 505 on the filling block 502, the compression spring 503 pushes the filling block 502 and the roller 505 to translate to the front side along the guide rod 501 under the action of the elastic reset force, until the initial pre-compression state is restored, the filling block 502 is completely separated from the arc gap 307, at this time the upper spline shaft 301 of the loading and unloading station loses the extrusion force of the filling block 502, and moves upward under the reset action of the pressing spring 302, driving the pressing rod 303 to release the crankshaft, the workers can quickly unload and load along the loading and unloading station, realizing the linkage control of "full clamping during processing and automatic release during loading and unloading".

[0047] As shown in Figures 18-20 The device further comprises a bracket 701, a U-shaped block 702, a spring sheet 703 and a guide piece 704, the guide pieces 704 are fixedly connected to the left and right sides of the inlet and outlet of the movable door 602 on the inner wall of the outer frame 1, the two guide pieces 704 are distributed in the shape of a splay, the upper sides of the supporting rods 106 are welded with the brackets 701, the brackets 701 are fixedly connected with the U-shaped blocks 702, the U-shaped slot width of the U-shaped block 702 is matched with the diameter of the upper end journal of the crankshaft, the inner wall of the U-shaped slot of the U-shaped block 702 is coated with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer to avoid wear when the crankshaft rotates, the spring sheets 703 are fixedly connected to the two side walls of the U-shaped block 702, which is used for limiting the upper end journal of the crankshaft, which can limit the radial movement of the crankshaft without affecting the up-down shaking of the crankshaft, the U-shaped block 702 in the loading and unloading station is accurately aligned and attached with the two guide pieces 704 to form a guide channel for conveniently pushing the crankshaft into the tray 107 in front of the inlet and outlet.

[0048] When the U-shaped block 702 of the loading and unloading station is aligned with the eight-shaped guide 704, the guide channel formed by the two guides 704 is coaxial with the U-shaped notch of the U-shaped block 702, and the worker can push the crankshaft to be processed along the guide channel to the rear side, the circular arc transition surface of the guide 704 guides the upper end journal of the crankshaft to accurately enter the U-shaped notch of the U-shaped block 702, and in the process of pushing in, the upper end journal of the crankshaft extrudes the reed 703 on both sides of the U-shaped block 702, the reed 703 elastically deforms and generates elastic clamping force, and the upper end journal of the crankshaft is limited in the center position of the U-shaped notch, and at the same time, the bottom end journal of the crankshaft is synchronously clamped into the tray 107, realizing the "up-down bidirectional positioning" of the crankshaft. In the process of shot blasting, the U-shaped block 702 rotates synchronously with the support rod 106, the elastic clamping force of the reed 703 can limit the radial movement of the crankshaft, and the polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer in the inner wall of the U-shaped notch forms a low-friction fit with the upper end journal of the crankshaft, without affecting the rotation of the crankshaft. When the lower spline shaft 401 drives the crankshaft to vibrate up and down, the reed 703 can elastically deform with the upward and downward displacement of the crankshaft, avoiding rigid constraint and ensuring smooth vibration action.

[0049] When the crankshaft shot blasting is completed, the pressing assembly of the loading and unloading station releases the crankshaft, and at this time the crankshaft is still stably limited by the reed 703 of the U-shaped block 702 without the risk of tilting, and the worker can pull the crankshaft along the guide channel formed by the guide 704 to the front side. The reed 703 elastically resets, and the crankshaft smoothly separates from the U-shaped block 702 and the tray 107, realizing rapid unloading. The whole process does not need additional auxiliary positioning, which not only improves the loading accuracy, but also guarantees the stability of the crankshaft in the processing process, and simplifies the loading and unloading operation process.

Claims

1. An automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft manufacturing, characterized in that: The system includes an outer frame (1), a shot blaster (102), a drive motor (103), a transmission shaft (104), a turntable (105), a support rod (106), a tray (107), a lower rotating shaft (1071), a recovery container (108), a support ring (109), an upper rotating shaft (201), a gear (202), a gear ring (203), a clamping assembly, and a vibration assembly. The outer frame (1) is a square, sealed structure. The shot blaster (102) is installed at the two oblique corners on the upper rear side of the outer frame (1). The nozzle of the shot blaster (102) is connected to the inner cavity of the outer frame (1). The drive motor (103) is installed in the middle of the top of the outer frame (1). The drive motor (103) outputs... A shaft extends through the working cavity of the outer frame (1) and is connected to a drive shaft (104). Turntables (105) are fixed to the upper and lower ends of the drive shaft (104). The two turntables (105) are connected by multiple support rods (106). A support ring (109) is fixed to the bottom of the outer frame (1). A recycling container (108) is installed at the bottom of the support ring (109). The lower turntable (105) is rotatably connected to the top of the support ring (109). Multiple lower rotating shafts (1071) are rotatably connected to the lower turntable (105) at intervals along the circumference. Each lower rotating shaft (1071) is connected to a tray (107) at the top. Corresponding positions on the upper turntable (105) are also rotatably connected at intervals along the circumference. Multiple upper rotating shafts (201) are rotatably connected. Gears (202) are installed on the outer side of each upper rotating shaft (201) and lower rotating shaft (1071). Gear rings (203) are connected to the top and bottom of the outer frame (1). The gear rings (203) mesh with the gears (202) on the same side. A clamping assembly is provided on the upper rotating shaft (201), and a shaking assembly is provided on the lower rotating shaft (1071). The clamping assembly includes an upper spline shaft (301), a clamping spring (302), a clamping rod (303), a buffer spring (304), a ball (305), and a guide ring (306). The upper spline shaft (201) is slidably connected inside the upper rotating shaft (201). 301), a clamping spring (302) is connected between the lower end of the upper spline shaft (301) and the bottom of the upper rotating shaft (201). A sliding groove is provided in the upper spline shaft (301), and a clamping rod (303) is slidably connected in the sliding groove. A buffer spring (304) is connected between the top of the clamping rod (303) and the inside of the sliding groove. A ball (305) is hinged to the top of the upper spline shaft (301). A guide ring (306) is connected to the top of the outer frame (1). An arc notch (307) is provided at the front end of the guide ring (306). The upper spline shaft (301) forms a sliding fit with the guide ring (306) and the arc notch (307) through the ball (305) at the top.The vibration assembly includes a lower spline shaft (401), a pulley (402), and a wave ring (403). The lower spline shaft (401) is slidably connected inside the lower rotating shaft (1071). The top end of the lower spline shaft (401) extends into the tray (107). The bottom end of the lower spline shaft (401) is rotatably connected to the pulley (402) via a shaft seat. The shaft seat and the lower spline shaft (401) are rotatably connected. The wave ring (403) is connected to the outside of the support ring (109). The pulley (402) and the top surface of the wave ring (403) form a sliding fit.

2. The automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and processing as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The top surface of the wave ring (403) is provided with a continuous wave-shaped protrusion, and the outer surface of the pulley (402) is provided with a corresponding annular groove, which fits into the protrusion.

3. The automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and processing as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The outer frame (1) includes a slide rail (601) and a sliding door (602). An entrance and exit are provided on the upper front side of the outer frame (1). Slide rails (601) are installed on the upper and lower sides of the entrance and exit on the outer frame (1). A sliding door (602) is slidably connected between the two slide rails (601).

4. An automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and processing as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The shot blasting machine also includes guide rods (501), filling blocks (502), compression springs (503), inclined blocks (504), and rollers (505). Two guide rods (501) are fixedly connected to the upper part of the outer frame (1) near the arc-shaped notch (307). The rear ends of the two guide rods (501) are connected to the guide ring (306). A filling block (502) is slidably connected between the two guide rods (501). The shape of the filling block (502) is adapted to the arc-shaped notch (307). A compression spring (503) is sleeved on the outside of the guide rods (501). The two ends of the compression spring (503) are respectively connected to the front side of the guide ring (306) and the wall of the outer frame (1). A roller (505) is rotatably connected to the bottom front side of the filling block (502). An inclined block (504) is installed on the upper rear side wall of the movable door (602). The inclined block (504) and the roller (505) form a contact fit relationship.

5. An automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and processing as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The shot blasting machine also includes a bracket (701), a U-shaped block (702), a spring (703), and a guide (704). The inner wall of the outer frame (1) is connected to both sides of the entrance and exit of the movable door (602) with guides (704). The two guides (704) are distributed in a figure-eight shape. The upper side of the support rod (106) is connected to the bracket (701). The bracket (701) is connected to the U-shaped block (702). The width of the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped block (702) is adapted to the diameter of the upper journal of the crankshaft. The two side walls of the U-shaped block (702) are fixedly connected to the spring (703). The U-shaped block (702) can be aligned and fit with the two guides (704).

6. An automatic shot blasting machine for engine crankshaft production and processing as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The inner wall of the U-shaped groove of the U-shaped block (702) is covered with a polytetrafluoroethylene wear-resistant layer.

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