Light-absorbing, heating and heat-preserving fabric

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of functional textiles, in particular to a light-absorbing, heating and heat-preserving fabric. The light-absorbing, heating and heat-preserving fabric is prepared from light-absorbing and heating composite fibers, the light-absorbing and heating composite fibers are prepared from light-absorbing and heating composite master batches and polymer matrix slices, and the preparation method of the light-absorbing and heating composite fibers comprises the steps of preparing the light-absorbing and heating composite master batches, and conducting melt spinning and twisting to prepare the light-absorbing and heating composite fibers. By adjusting the composition and content of the raw materials and the spinning and twisting process, the temperature rising property and heat storage property of the light-absorbing, heating and heat-preserving fabric are improved, the average temperature rising can reach 10 DEG C or above in a light heat storage test, the color of the light-absorbing, heating and heat-preserving fabric can be changed, dyeing is facilitated, and meanwhile the wear resistance of the light-absorbing, heating and heat-preserving fabric is greatly improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of functional textile technology, specifically to a light-absorbing, heat-generating, and heat-insulating fabric. Background Technology

[0002] Outdoor jackets are a type of clothing. They are generally waterproof and windproof. However, existing jackets achieve basic warmth through windproofing, but their warmth retention is only so-so. After warm air is lost or partially lost, it is difficult to quickly form warm air, especially in cold environments, where their warmth retention is insufficient to meet user needs.

[0003] While commercially available light-absorbing and heat-generating fabrics can absorb near-infrared rays from sunlight to generate heat and increase warmth, their heat retention is poor. The generated heat dissipates quickly, failing to provide long-lasting warmth. Furthermore, the inorganic materials used are often dark in color, resulting in heat-generating fibers that are mostly black or gray. This poses significant challenges to textile dyeing; even when dyed in a specific color using complex methods, the original warmth-retaining properties are reduced. Therefore, this presents a major challenge for the current market application of heat-generating textiles. In the field of outdoor clothing, light-absorbing and heat-generating textiles often exhibit poor abrasion resistance. The pursuit of high warmth generation neglects the issues of fabric wear and tear, leading to a poor consumer experience.

[0004] Therefore, if a fabric that can absorb and store heat well, and has good abrasion resistance and dyeability is prepared for the manufacture of rain jackets, it will have broad application prospects. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the above technical issues, this application provides a light-absorbing, heat-generating, and heat-insulating fabric.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows:

[0007] A method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric includes the following steps:

[0008] S1. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch;

[0009] The light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of matrix slices, 5-15 parts of tin-antimony oxide nanoparticles, 2-10 parts of acidic magma, 1-5 parts of germanium powder, and 2-10 parts of dispersant.

[0010] The matrix slices, tin-antimony oxide nanoparticles, acidic magma, germanium powder, and dispersant were vacuum dried separately. The vacuum drying conditions were: vacuum degree <100 Pa and drying at 100-160℃ for 2-4 hours. After vacuum drying, the mixture was stirred and mixed. The mixed material was melted, extruded, cooled, and pelletized through a twin-screw extruder to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch.

[0011] Among them, the temperature setting of the T1-T14 zone of the twin-screw extruder is 240-280℃, the temperature setting of the die head is 260-290℃, and the twin-screw speed is set to 250-400r / min;

[0012] S2. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers;

[0013] The light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber is prepared by the following raw materials in weight percentages: 85%-98% matrix chips and 2%-15% light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch;

[0014] The matrix chips are mixed with light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch, melt-spun, and twisted to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers;

[0015] S3. Prepare light-absorbing and heat-generating heat-insulating fabric;

[0016] First, the light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber is spun into yarn. Then, the yarn is used as warp and weft yarns respectively, and spun into a fabric with a plain weave structure using a weaving process to obtain a light-absorbing and heat-generating heat-insulating fabric.

[0017] Preferably, the substrate slice in S1 is the same as the substrate slice in S2, and is selected from at least one of polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT), and polyamide (PA).

[0018] Preferably, the average diameter of the antimony tin oxide nanoparticles in S1 is 10-500 nm.

[0019] Preferably, the dispersant in S1 includes one or more of silane coupling agents, aluminate coupling agents, and titanate coupling agents.

[0020] Preferably, the mass percentage of silica in the acidic magma in S1 is >65%.

[0021] Preferably, the cross-sectional shape of the light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber in S2 includes any one of the following: circular, triangular, hollow structure, and wavy flat shape.

[0022] Preferably, in step S2, the preparation of the light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber specifically includes:

[0023] The matrix slices and light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch are melted in a spinning box at a temperature of 260℃-300℃, and then sequentially spun through a spinneret, cooled by side blowing, oiled, and networked, and wound at a speed of 2000m / min-4000m / min to obtain POY (pre-oriented yarn).

[0024] POY is false-twisted into DTY (drawing textured yarn), then wound to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers.

[0025] Preferably, the parameters of the false twisting process include:

[0026] The deformation temperature of POY in the first hot box is 170℃-200℃, the twisting and untwisting tension ratio K is 0.8-1.2, the stretching ratio is 1.40-1.80, the main network pressure is 0.12-0.25Mpa, and the setting temperature in the second hot box is 50℃-170℃.

[0027] The winding speed is 300m / min-1200m / min.

[0028] Preferably, the light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber has a specification of 75D / 72F.

[0029] The light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber has a breaking strength of 3.9-4.4 cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of ≥23%, a network of 140-160 network points / meter, and a crimp shrinkage rate of ≥25%.

[0030] Preferably, in step S3, the yarn count is 30-50S (English count), and the weight of the light-absorbing, heat-generating, and heat-insulating fabric is 180-220 g / cm³. 3 .

[0031] The present invention also discloses a light-absorbing and heat-generating heat-insulating fabric prepared by the above-described method.

[0032] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0033] Antimony tin oxide can absorb near-infrared and mid-infrared rays from the environment and generate its own heat. Furthermore, antimony doping with tin dioxide creates defects on its surface, which can enhance its light absorption capacity, resulting in fibers with better light absorption and heat generation. Additionally, antimony tin oxide has extremely low absorption of visible light (380nm-760nm), giving it high transparency and improving the brightness of the fibers.

[0034] Acidic magma is formed when magma erupts and the internal gas rapidly escapes and expands due to a sharp decrease in pressure. This porous material formed by volcanic eruptions gives the fiber the function of heat insulation and light-heat storage.

[0035] Germanium powder has the functions of infrared anti-reflection and far-infrared emission, which can reduce infrared emission on the fiber surface and enhance the infrared absorption capacity of antimony tin oxide material, thereby enhancing the heat retention effect of the prepared fiber. In addition, germanium metal powder is used to reflect visible light and ultraviolet light, thereby improving the brightness of the fiber and further solving the problem of the dark color of traditional light-absorbing and heat-generating fibers.

[0036] The physical properties of DTY fiber: high strength and long elongation, high network points and high crimp will improve its abrasion resistance. In addition, the high crimp fabric will further improve its light absorption and heat generation value.

[0037] The light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch used in this invention simultaneously incorporates light-absorbing and heat-generating materials, heat-storing materials, and materials that improve fiber brightness. This not only solves the problem of traditional light-absorbing and heat-generating fabrics absorbing heat but not storing it, but also avoids the problem of dark fiber color, which is beneficial for subsequent dyeing. Furthermore, the optimized twisting process enhances the fabric's abrasion resistance and increases its light-absorbing and heat-generating values. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 Photographs showing the abrasion resistance test results of the light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric prepared in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 2 This is a photo showing the abrasion resistance test results of a common light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric. Detailed Implementation

[0040] Unless otherwise specified, all substances used in the embodiments and comparative examples of this invention are common commercially available chemicals.

[0041] Example 1

[0042] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric, including the following steps:

[0043] S1. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch;

[0044] Raw materials: 60 parts PET chips, 15 parts tin-antimony oxide nanoparticles, 10 parts acidic magma, 5 parts germanium powder, and 10 parts silane coupling agent;

[0045] PET chips, antimony tin oxide nanoparticles, acidic magma, germanium powder, and silane coupling agent were vacuum dried separately. The vacuum drying conditions were 80 Pa and 150 °C for 2 hours. After vacuum drying, the materials were stirred and mixed. The mixed materials were fully plasticized in a twin-screw extruder and then sheared and dispersed evenly by the dispersing element in the twin-screw extruder. The temperature of the T1-T14 zones of the twin-screw extruder was set at 260 °C, the die head temperature was set at 275 °C, and the twin-screw speed was set at 300 r / min. The materials were extruded through a round die, cooled in a water tank, stretched, and pelletized to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch.

[0046] S2. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers;

[0047] Raw materials: 90 parts PET chips, 10 parts light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch;

[0048] PET chips and light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch are melted in a spinning box at a temperature of 275°C, and then sequentially spun through a spinneret, cooled by side blowing, oiled, and networked, and wound at a speed of 3000 m / min to obtain POY.

[0049] POY is false-twisted into DTY and then wound to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers;

[0050] The light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber has a specification of 75D / 72F, a breaking strength of 3.93cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 24.5%, a network of 142 dots / m, and a crimp shrinkage of 25.1%.

[0051] The parameters of the false twisting process are as follows: the deformation temperature of POY in the first hot box is 180℃, the twisting and untwisting tension ratio K is 0.90, the stretching ratio is 1.60, the main network pressure is 0.20Mpa, the setting temperature of the second hot box is 140℃, and the winding speed is 600m / min.

[0052] S3. Prepare light-absorbing and heat-generating heat-insulating fabric;

[0053] First, the light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers are spun into yarn with a yarn count of 40S. Then, the yarn is used as both warp and weft yarns and spun into a fabric with a plain weave structure using a weaving process, resulting in a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric with a weight of 200 g / cm³. 3 .

[0054] Example 2

[0055] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric, including the following steps:

[0056] S1. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch;

[0057] Raw materials: 63 parts PET chips, 14 parts tin-antimony oxide nanoparticles, 9 parts acidic magma, 5 parts germanium powder, and 9 parts silane coupling agent;

[0058] PET chips, antimony tin oxide nanoparticles, acidic magma, germanium powder, and silane coupling agent were vacuum dried separately at a vacuum of 85 Pa and a temperature of 160°C for 2.5 hours. After vacuum drying, the materials were stirred and mixed. The mixture was then fully plasticized in a twin-screw extruder and sheared and dispersed evenly by the dispersing element in the twin-screw extruder. The temperature settings for zones T1-T14 of the twin-screw extruder were 265°C, the die head temperature was 280°C, and the twin-screw speed was 320 r / min. The mixture was extruded through a round die, cooled in a water bath, stretched, and pelletized to obtain a light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch.

[0059] S2. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers;

[0060] Raw materials: 91 parts PET chips, 9 parts light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch;

[0061] PET chips and light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch are put into a spinning box at a temperature of 280℃ for melt spinning and wound at a speed of 3000m / min to obtain POY;

[0062] POY is false-twisted into DTY and then wound to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers;

[0063] The light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber has a specification of 75D / 72F, a breaking strength of 4.06cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 24.2%, a network of 146 dots / m, and a crimp shrinkage of 26.6%.

[0064] The parameters of the false twisting process are as follows: the deformation temperature of POY in the first hot box is 185℃, the twisting and untwisting tension ratio K is 0.88, the stretching ratio is 1.62, the main network pressure is 0.22Mpa, the shaping temperature of the second hot box is 135℃, and the winding speed is 650m / min.

[0065] S3. Prepare light-absorbing and heat-generating heat-insulating fabric;

[0066] First, the light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers are spun into yarn with a yarn count of 40S. Then, the yarn is used as both warp and weft yarns and spun into a fabric with a plain weave structure using a weaving process, resulting in a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric with a weight of 200 g / cm³. 3 .

[0067] Example 3

[0068] This embodiment discloses a method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric, including the following steps:

[0069] S1. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch;

[0070] Raw materials: 65 parts PET chips, 14 parts tin-antimony oxide nanoparticles, 9 parts acidic magma, 4 parts germanium powder, and 8 parts silane coupling agent;

[0071] PET chips, antimony tin oxide nanoparticles, acidic magma, germanium powder, and silane coupling agent were vacuum dried separately at a vacuum of 90 Pa and a temperature of 170°C for 3 hours. After vacuum drying, the materials were stirred and mixed. The mixture was then fully plasticized in a twin-screw extruder and sheared and dispersed evenly by the dispersing element in the twin-screw extruder. The temperature settings for zones T1-T14 of the twin-screw extruder were 270°C, the die head temperature was 285°C, and the twin-screw speed was 340 r / min. The mixture was extruded through a round die, cooled in a water bath, stretched, and pelletized to obtain a light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch.

[0072] S2. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers;

[0073] Raw materials: 92 parts PET chips, 8 parts light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch;

[0074] PET chips and light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch are put into a spinning box at a temperature of 285℃ for melt spinning and wound at a speed of 3000m / min to obtain POY;

[0075] POY is false-twisted into DTY and then wound to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers;

[0076] The light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber has a specification of 75D / 72F, a breaking strength of 4.19cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of 23.8%, a network of 148 dots / m, and a crimp shrinkage of 27.8%.

[0077] The parameters of the false twisting process are as follows: the deformation temperature of POY in the first hot box is 190℃, the twisting and untwisting tension ratio K is 0.86, the stretching ratio is 1.64, the main network pressure is 0.24Mpa, the shaping temperature of the second hot box is 130℃, and the winding speed is 700m / min.

[0078] S3. Prepare light-absorbing and heat-generating heat-insulating fabric;

[0079] First, the light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers are spun into yarn with a yarn count of 40S. Then, the yarn is used as both warp and weft yarns and spun into a fabric with a plain weave structure using a weaving process, resulting in a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric with a weight of 200 g / cm³. 3 .

[0080] Performance testing:

[0081] The light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabrics prepared in Examples 1-3 were subjected to performance tests:

[0082] (1) The fabric was tested for light heat storage according to standard GB / T18319-2019. The maximum temperature rise of the light heat storage value was 17.8℃, the average temperature rise was 10.6℃, and the final temperature rise was 6.1℃.

[0083] (2) The pilling performance of the fabric was determined according to standard GB / T4802.2-2008 "Textiles - Determination of Pilling Properties - Part 2: Modified Martindale Method". The abrasion resistance was rated at grade 4-5 at 20,000 revolutions. Figure 1 As shown;

[0084] The maximum temperature rise of ordinary light-absorbing and heat-generating fabric is 10.2℃, with an average temperature rise of 6.5℃ and a final temperature rise of 5.2℃. Its abrasion resistance is rated at level 4-5 after 20,000 revolutions. Figure 2 As shown;

[0085] It is evident that the light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric prepared by this invention has a higher light-heat storage value than ordinary light-absorbing and heat-generating fabrics, and comparable wear resistance.

[0086] In summary, tin-antimony oxide can improve the light absorption and heat generation effect and increase the brightness of fibers; acidic magma, due to its porous structure, has heat storage properties; germanium powder not only enhances the infrared absorption capacity of tin-antimony oxide, improving the light absorption and heat generation effect, but also reflects visible and ultraviolet light, thus increasing the brightness of fibers. Therefore, the light absorption and heat generation composite masterbatch used in this application simultaneously adds light absorption and heat generation materials, heat storage materials, and materials that improve fiber brightness. This not only solves the problem of traditional light absorption and heat generation fabrics absorbing heat but not storing it, but also avoids the problem of dark fiber color, which is beneficial for subsequent dyeing. Compared with ordinary light absorption and heat generation products (which only add light absorption and heat generation masterbatch, and the fibers can only be dyed in light colors), this is highly innovative. It not only increases the temperature rise value by superimposing the light absorption and heat generation masterbatch and the heat storage masterbatch, but also improves the brightness of fibers through the compounding of masterbatches; at the same time, the optimization of the twisting process (high toughness + high elasticity) makes the fabric more durable and the light absorption and heat generation value higher.

[0087] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a light-absorbing, heat-generating, and heat-insulating fabric, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch; The light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch is prepared by the following raw materials in parts by weight: 60-90 parts of matrix slices, 5-15 parts of tin-antimony oxide nanoparticles, 2-10 parts of acidic magma, 1-5 parts of germanium powder, and 2-10 parts of dispersant. The matrix slices, tin-antimony oxide nanoparticles, acidic magma, germanium powder, and dispersant were vacuum dried separately. The vacuum drying conditions were: vacuum degree <100 Pa and drying at 100-160℃ for 2-4 hours. After vacuum drying, the mixture was stirred and mixed. The mixed material was melted, extruded, cooled, and pelletized through a twin-screw extruder to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch. Among them, the temperature setting of the T1-T14 zone of the twin-screw extruder is 240-280℃, the temperature setting of the die head is 260-290℃, and the twin-screw speed is set to 250-400r / min; S2. Preparation of light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers; The light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber is prepared by the following raw materials in weight percentages: 85%-98% matrix chips and 2%-15% light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch; The matrix chips are mixed with light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch, melt-spun, and twisted to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers; S3. Prepare light-absorbing and heat-generating heat-insulating fabric; First, the light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber is spun into yarn. Then, the yarn is used as warp and weft yarns respectively, and spun into a fabric with a plain weave structure using a weaving process to obtain a light-absorbing and heat-generating heat-insulating fabric.

2. The method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The substrate slice in S1 is the same as the substrate slice in S2, and is selected from at least one of polyethylene terephthalate, polybutylene terephthalate, and polyamide.

3. The method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The average diameter of the antimony tin oxide nanoparticles in S1 is 10-500 nm.

4. The method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dispersant in S1 includes one or more of silane coupling agents, aluminate coupling agents, and titanate coupling agents.

5. The method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mass percentage of silica in the acidic magma of S1 is >65%.

6. The method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-sectional shape of the light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber in S2 includes any one of the following: circular, triangular, hollow structure, or wavy flat shape.

7. The method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step S2, the preparation of the light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber specifically includes: The matrix slices and light-absorbing and heat-generating composite masterbatch are melted in a spinning box at a temperature of 260℃-300℃, and then sequentially spun through a spinneret, cooled by side blowing, oiled, and networked, and wound at a speed of 2000m / min-4000m / min to obtain POY. POY is falsely twisted into DTY, then wound to obtain light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fibers.

8. The method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that, The parameters of the false twisting process include: The deformation temperature of POY in the first hot box is 170℃-200℃, the twisting and untwisting tension ratio K is 0.8-1.2, the stretching ratio is 1.40-1.80, the main network pressure is 0.12-0.25Mpa, and the setting temperature in the second hot box is 50℃-170℃. The winding speed is 300m / min-1200m / min; The light-absorbing and heat-generating composite fiber has a breaking strength of 3.9-4.4 cN / dtex, a breaking elongation of ≥23%, a network of 140-160 network points / meter, and a crimp shrinkage rate of ≥25%.

9. The method for preparing a light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that, In S3, the yarn count is 30-50S, and the weight of the light-absorbing, heat-generating, and heat-insulating fabric is 180-220 g / cm³. 3 .

10. A light-absorbing and heat-generating insulating fabric prepared by the method described in any one of claims 1-9.

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