Arrangement structure of ventilation building at opening of ventilation and safety hole

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of hydropower station ventilation engineering, and particularly relates to a ventilation and safety hole opening exhaust building arrangement structure. The lower floor of the main exhaust building is only arranged in the outer area of the opening of the exhaust channel, the side wall of the lower floor of the main exhaust building is in butt joint with the opening of the exhaust channel, the internal space of the main exhaust building communicates with the exhaust channel, the upper floor of the main exhaust building is in butt joint with the mountain through the outwards-extending platform, and the mountain is in butt joint with the side wall of the main exhaust building. An air exhaust auxiliary building is fixedly arranged on the overhanging platform, the air exhaust main building and the air exhaust auxiliary building are fixed into a whole, the inner spaces of the air exhaust main building and the air exhaust auxiliary building are communicated with each other, rainproof air openings are formed in the top of the air exhaust main building and the top of the air exhaust auxiliary building, and an exhaust fan is arranged in the air exhaust building or the air exhaust channel; the exhaust fan is used for exhausting air at one end of the inner side of the exhaust channel through the rainproof air opening. Under the conditions that the height of the building is not increased and enough exhaust area is guaranteed, the overall work amount and construction cost of the exhaust building can be reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of power station ventilation engineering, and particularly relates to a ventilation and safety hole hole opening exhaust tower arrangement structure. BACKGROUND

[0002] The ventilation and safety hole is a common auxiliary chamber of the underground powerhouse of a pumped storage power station. In order to reduce the excavation and support amount and reduce the engineering investment, a common arrangement form is to arrange an exhaust fan room or an exhaust tower at the hole opening of the ventilation and safety hole. For details, please refer to the document "Design Analysis of Ventilation Hole Opening Fan Room of a Pumped Storage Power Station" (Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning, 2025, Vol. 55, No. 6, pp. 47-51, authors: Pan Xiaohong, Chen Lu, Yan Jiaming, Xu Caodong, Xiao Yimin), which discloses the following technical content: The underground powerhouse of a pumped storage power station is limited by the terrain and cost, and the ventilation and safety hole is divided into an air inlet channel and an exhaust channel. The hole opening is provided with an exhaust fan room connected with the exhaust channel. The ventilation amount of the air inlet channel is about 18 m 3 / h, the ventilation amount of the exhaust channel is about 600,000 m 3 / h, and three fans with a single ventilation amount of 200,000 m 3 / h are arranged in the exhaust fan room as the relay fan of the exhaust (and smoke exhaust) system of the underground powerhouse. The ventilation and safety hole hole opening fan room is divided into an air inlet channel and an exhaust channel, which are connected with the air inlet channel and the exhaust channel of the ventilation and safety hole respectively. The exhaust fan is arranged in the second floor of the fan room, the distance between the nearest edges of the exhaust opening and the air inlet opening is 10 m, the air inlet opening is provided with a rainproof louver air inlet and a grille door, and the exhaust opening is provided with a rainproof louver air inlet. The floor plan area of all floors of the exhaust fan room is the same. In order to meet the spacing requirements of the exhaust opening and the air inlet opening, without increasing the floor height, if the exhaust area is to be ensured to be large enough, the floor plan area of the tower body needs to be large enough, and the overall engineering quantity and construction cost of the exhaust fan room are also relatively high. If the design of increasing the floor height is adopted, the bearing capacity requirements of the beam column and the foundation and other structures will be increased, and the overall construction cost will also be increased. SUMMARY

[0003] The technical problem to be solved by the application is to provide a ventilation and safety hole hole opening exhaust tower arrangement structure, which can reduce the overall engineering quantity and construction cost of the exhaust tower.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a ventilation and safety cave entrance exhaust tower layout structure, including a ventilation and safety cave arranged inside the mountain, the ventilation and safety cave being divided into an air intake channel and an exhaust channel by a longitudinal partition wall, the extension direction of the longitudinal partition wall being consistent with the length direction of the ventilation and safety cave, an exhaust tower being arranged in the area outside the entrance of the exhaust channel, the exhaust tower including a vertically extending main exhaust tower, the lower floors of the main exhaust tower being arranged only in the area outside the entrance of the exhaust channel, the main exhaust tower... The lower floors of the building connect with the openings of the exhaust duct, allowing the interior space of the main exhaust building to be connected to the exhaust duct. The upper floors of the main exhaust building connect with the mountain via an extended platform. An auxiliary exhaust building is fixedly installed on the extended platform. The main exhaust building and the auxiliary exhaust building are fixed as a whole and their interior spaces are interconnected. Both the top of the main exhaust building and the top of the auxiliary exhaust building are equipped with rainproof vents. Exhaust fans are installed inside the exhaust building or the exhaust duct, and the exhaust fans are used to exhaust the air at one end of the exhaust duct through the rainproof vents.

[0005] A further preferred option is as follows: the exhaust fan is installed inside the exhaust duct; the floor where the main exhaust building connects to the exhaust duct opening is the first floor, the first floor has a ground-level road that connects to the bottom plate of the exhaust duct, the side wall of the first floor has a first maintenance door opening that connects to the ground-level road, and the first maintenance door opening is equipped with a first operable door; the upper floors of the main exhaust building connect to the horse trail located outside the mountain through an extended platform, and an upper horse trail connecting the ground-level road and the horse trail is provided outside the mountain; the lower end of the side wall of the auxiliary exhaust building has a second maintenance door opening that connects to the horse trail, and the second maintenance door opening is equipped with a second operable door.

[0006] A further preferred option is that the floor slabs of the main exhaust building only include the floor slab on the first floor and the roof slab on the top surface of the main exhaust building, and the floors of the main exhaust building equipped with rainproof air vents are connected to each other through a steel grating maintenance platform and an extended platform.

[0007] A further preferred option is: the side where the main exhaust building connects to the exhaust duct opening is the rear side of the main exhaust building, the air intake duct is located on the left side of the exhaust duct, and the exhaust auxiliary building is located on the right side of the main exhaust building; rainproof vents are arranged on the rear, left and front walls of the upper part of the main exhaust building, and rainproof vents are arranged on the rear and front walls of the exhaust auxiliary building.

[0008] A further preferred option is that the first operable door is a roller shutter door, and the first operable door is located on the front wall of the main exhaust building.

[0009] A further preferred option is to equip the outdoor space of the extended platform, the side of the horse trail away from the mountain, and the access road to the horse trail with guardrails.

[0010] Further preferred scheme is that the outer extension beam foundation is fixedly arranged on the side of the horse path away from the mountain body, the outer extension beam foundation is anchored to the mountain body through the slope support anchor tendon bundle, the outer extension beam foundation and the upper beam column joint of the main exhaust tower are connected through the connecting beam, the outer extension beam foundation, the upper beam of the main exhaust tower and the connecting beam jointly form a first frame beam, and the outer extension platform is correspondingly arranged on the first frame beam.

[0011] Further preferred scheme is that the outer side hole of the air inlet channel is provided with an openable and closable grille door.

[0012] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present application are as follows: the exhaust auxiliary tower arranged on the outer extension platform is used to increase the exhaust area, the overall engineering quantity and construction cost of the exhaust tower can be reduced (the floor area of the lower structure of the exhaust tower is relatively small) without increasing the tower height and ensuring sufficient exhaust area. In addition, the horse path and the upper horse path channel outside the mountain body are used as the maintenance channel, the first maintenance door hole and the first openable and closable door can meet the equipment maintenance needs of the exhaust fan; the second maintenance door hole, the second openable and closable door and the steel grille maintenance platform can meet the maintenance needs of the rain-proof air port, replacing the stairwell inside the exhaust tower, and the interior of the main exhaust tower does not need to be arranged with any intermediate floor plate and exhaust fan equipment platform, thereby saving the amount of concrete structure, and at the same time, the floor area of the main exhaust tower is further reduced, the hole excavation support area is correspondingly reduced, and the overall construction cost is further reduced. The hole of the air inlet channel is provided with an openable and closable grille door, and the floor structure is not arranged on the outer side of the air inlet channel, the openable and closable grille door meets the control requirements, and at the same time, the air inlet demand is not affected, the structure is relatively simple, and the cost is relatively low. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0013] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the plane arrangement structure of the present application.

[0014] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the A-A elevation of the present application (part of the protective railings of the steel grille maintenance platform is not shown). Figure 1

[0015] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the B-B elevation of the present application (part of the protective railings of the steel grille maintenance platform is not shown). Figure 1 Mark of parts in the figure: ventilation and safety hole 1, air inlet channel 2, openable and closable grille door 21, air outlet channel 3, exhaust tower 4, main exhaust tower 41, exhaust auxiliary tower 42, rain-proof air port 43, first openable and closable door 44, second openable and closable door 45, steel grille maintenance platform 46, outer extension platform 5, mountain body 6, horse path 7, upper horse path channel 8, outer extension beam foundation 9, slope support anchor tendon bundle 10.

[0016] DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0017] ​​Clearly, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0018] Please refer to Figures 1 to 3 The present application comprises a ventilation and safety hole 1 (understood in a broad sense, as long as the hole body is located in the mountain 6) arranged in the mountain 6, the ventilation and safety hole 1 is divided into an air inlet channel 2 and an air outlet channel 3 by a longitudinal partition wall, the extension direction of the longitudinal partition wall is consistent with the length direction of the ventilation and safety hole 1, an air outlet building 4 is arranged in the external area of the hole opening outside the air outlet channel 3, the air outlet building 4 comprises a vertically extending air outlet main building 41, the lower floor of the air outlet main building 41 is arranged only in the external area of the hole opening of the air outlet channel 3, the side wall of the lower floor of the air outlet main building 41 is butt-jointed with the hole opening of the air outlet channel 3, and the internal space of the air outlet main building 41 is communicated with the air outlet channel 3, the upper floor of the air outlet main building 41 is butt-jointed with the mountain 6 through an overhanging platform 5, an air outlet auxiliary building 42 is fixedly arranged on the overhanging platform 5, the air outlet main building 41 and the air outlet auxiliary building 42 are fixedly integrated and the internal spaces thereof are communicated with each other, a rainproof air outlet 43 is arranged on the top of the air outlet main building 41 and the top of the air outlet auxiliary building 42, an air exhaust fan is arranged in the air outlet building 4 or the air outlet channel 3, and the air exhaust fan is used for exhausting the air at one end of the air outlet channel 3 through the rainproof air outlet 43.

[0019] The arrangement of the ventilation and safety hole 1, the longitudinal partition wall, the air inlet channel 2 and the air outlet channel 3 can refer to the prior art mentioned in the background, and the longitudinal partition wall can generally be a brick wall structure. The outer region of the hole of the air outlet channel 3 refers to the vertical space formed by extending the outer end face of the air outlet channel 3 outward and then upward. In the preferred embodiment, the connection port of the air outlet main building 41 and the air outlet channel 3 is generally designed to be consistent with the cross-sectional shape of the air outlet channel 3, so that the connection port has the largest air outlet flow channel; similarly, for the internal space connection channel between the air outlet main building 41 and the air outlet auxiliary building 42, the corresponding flow channel area should be designed to be as large as possible under the condition of meeting the structural safety. The arrangement of the air outlet fan can only make the air at the inner end of the air outlet channel 3 be discharged through the rainproof air outlet 43, which is a conventional technology in the field. The arrangement of the rainproof air outlet 43 can refer to the prior art mentioned in the background, and a side air outlet scheme or a top air outlet scheme can be used, and the preferred embodiment shown in the drawing uses a side air outlet scheme. The key technical point of the present application is to use the air outlet auxiliary building 42 arranged on the overhanging platform 5 to increase the air outlet area, so that the overall engineering quantity and construction cost of the air outlet building 4 can be reduced under the condition of not increasing the building height and ensuring sufficient air outlet area (the floor area of the lower structure of the air outlet building 4 is relatively small).

[0020] In order to facilitate maintenance and further reduce the overall construction cost, the exhaust fan is preferably arranged in the exhaust channel 3; the floor of the exhaust main building 41 is connected with the opening of the exhaust channel 3, and the first floor is provided with a ground floor road connected with the bottom plate of the exhaust channel 3, and the side wall of the first floor is provided with a first maintenance door connected with the ground floor road, and the first maintenance door is provided with a first openable door 44; the upper floor of the exhaust main building 41 is connected with the horse path 7 outside the mountain 6 through the overhanging platform 5, and the upper horse path 8 connecting the ground floor road and the horse path 7 is arranged outside the mountain 6; the side wall of the exhaust auxiliary building 42 is provided with a second maintenance door connected with the horse path 7, and the second maintenance door is provided with a second openable door 45. The first openable door 44 is used to control the opening and closing of the first maintenance door, and the second openable door 45 is used to control the opening and closing of the second maintenance door, and various conventional door installation structures can be used. After the above scheme is used, the horse path 7 and the upper horse path 8 outside the mountain 6 can be used as a maintenance channel, and the first maintenance door and the first openable door 44 can meet the equipment maintenance needs of the exhaust fan; the second maintenance door and the second openable door 45 can meet the maintenance needs of the rainproof air port 43, instead of the stairwell inside the exhaust building 4, and the interior of the exhaust main building 41 does not need to be arranged with an exhaust fan equipment platform, which saves the amount of concrete structure, at the same time, the floor area of the exhaust main building 41 is further reduced, the opening excavation support area is correspondingly reduced, and the overall construction cost is further reduced. The ground floor road can be understood in a broad sense, including ground platforms or road structures or combinations of the above two, as long as it can enable maintenance personnel to pass through. The upper horse path 8 should also consider the needs of slope waterfalls and drainage when designing.

[0021] Under the premise of meeting the maintenance needs, in order to further reduce the overall construction cost, in some preferred embodiments, the floor plate of the exhaust main building 41 only includes the floor ground plate arranged at the first floor and the roof plate arranged at the top end surface of the exhaust main building 41, and the floor of the exhaust main building 41 provided with the rainproof air port 43 is connected with the overhanging platform 5 through the steel grating maintenance platform 46; that is, the interior of the exhaust main building 41 is not arranged with any intermediate floor plate, and when the rainproof air port 43 is maintained, the maintenance personnel can pass through the rainproof air port 43 arrangement area and the overhanging platform 5 through the steel grating maintenance platform 46, and then pass through the horse path 7 and the upper horse path 8. The steel grating maintenance platform 46 generally includes a pedestrian platform and necessary protective railings.

[0022] The position relationship of the main exhaust building 41, the auxiliary exhaust building 42 and the horse path 7 relative to the mountain 6 can be flexibly designed in combination with the specific terrain. In one preferred arrangement, the side of the main exhaust building 41 that is in butt joint with the exhaust passage 3 is the back side of the main exhaust building 41, the air inlet passage 2 is located on the left side of the exhaust passage 3, and the auxiliary exhaust building 42 is located on the right side of the main exhaust building 41; the back side wall, the left side wall and the front side wall of the upper end of the main exhaust building 41 are all provided with rainproof air outlets 43, and the back side wall and the front side wall of the auxiliary exhaust building 42 are both provided with rainproof air outlets 43. The above-mentioned scheme can make full use of each side wall of the main exhaust building 41 and the auxiliary exhaust building 42 for exhaust. The rainproof air outlets 43 correspondingly adopt various conventional rainproof louver air outlets. On this basis, the first openable and closable door 44 preferably adopts a roller shutter door, and the first openable and closable door 44 is arranged on the front side wall of the main exhaust building 41. After the design of the above-mentioned scheme, it is beneficial for vehicles to pass through the first maintenance door hole and the exhaust passage 3.

[0023] In order to better ensure the safety of the maintenance passage, in some preferred embodiments, the outdoor space of the overhanging platform 5, the side of the horse path 7 away from the mountain 6 and the upper horse path passage 8 are respectively provided with protective railings.

[0024] In order to make the structure simple and reliable, in some preferred embodiments, the side of the horse path 7 away from the mountain 6 is fixedly provided with an overhanging beam foundation 9, the overhanging beam foundation 9 is anchored to the mountain 6 through slope support anchor tendon bundles 10, the overhanging beam foundation 9 and the upper beam column joint of the main exhaust building 41 are connected through a connecting beam, the overhanging beam foundation 9, the upper beam of the main exhaust building 41 and the connecting beam jointly constitute a first frame beam, and the overhanging platform 5 is correspondingly arranged on the first frame beam. The main exhaust building 41 and the auxiliary exhaust building 42 respectively form a conventional frame building structure, and both have a common beam column joint and corresponding column and beam structure at the joint.

[0025] In some other preferred embodiments, the outer side opening of the air inlet passage 2 is provided with an openable and closable grating door 21, and the outer side of the air inlet passage 2 is not provided with a building structure. The openable and closable grating door 21 meets the control requirements and does not affect the air inlet requirement, and the structure is relatively simple and the cost is relatively low. The openable and closable grating door 21 means that it can be used to control the outer side opening of the air inlet passage 2 to be in a closed state or an open state. When the outer side opening of the air inlet passage 2 is in the closed state, the hole structure of the openable and closable grating door 21 is used to meet the air inlet requirement, and when the outer side opening of the air inlet passage 2 is in the open state, relevant personnel can pass through it. The openable and closable grating door 21 can adopt various conventional door body mounting structures, and the door body can generally adopt a rail type iron door.

Claims

1. A ventilation and safety cave entrance ventilation tower arrangement structure, comprising a ventilation and safety cave (1) arranged in the mountain (6), the ventilation and safety cave (1) being divided into an air intake channel (2) and an exhaust channel (3) by a longitudinal partition wall, the extension direction of the longitudinal partition wall being consistent with the length direction of the ventilation and safety cave (1), and an exhaust tower (4) arranged in the outer area of ​​the cave entrance outside the exhaust channel (3), the exhaust tower (4) comprising a vertically extending exhaust main tower (41), characterized in that: The lower floors of the main exhaust building (41) are located only in the area outside the opening of the exhaust duct (3). The side walls of the lower floors of the main exhaust building (41) are connected to the opening of the exhaust duct (3), and the internal space of the main exhaust building (41) is connected to the exhaust duct (3). The upper floors of the main exhaust building (41) are connected to the mountain (6) through the extended platform (5). An exhaust auxiliary building (42) is fixedly installed on the extended platform (5). The main exhaust building (41) and the exhaust auxiliary building (42) are fixed as a whole and their internal spaces are interconnected. Rainproof vents (43) are installed on the top of the main exhaust building (41) and the top of the exhaust auxiliary building (42). An exhaust fan is installed in the exhaust building (4) or the exhaust duct (3). The exhaust fan is used to exhaust the air at one end of the exhaust duct (3) through the rainproof vent (43).

2. The ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tower layout structure as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The exhaust fan is installed in the exhaust duct (3); the floor where the exhaust main building (41) connects with the opening of the exhaust duct (3) is the first floor. The first floor is provided with a ground floor road that connects to the bottom plate of the exhaust duct (3). The side wall of the first floor is provided with a first maintenance door that connects to the ground floor road. The first maintenance door is equipped with a first openable door (44). The upper floor of the exhaust main building (41) is connected to the horse path (7) located outside the mountain (6) through an extended platform (5). The outside of the mountain (6) is provided with an upper horse path passage (8) that connects the ground floor road and the horse path (7). The lower end of the side wall of the exhaust auxiliary building (42) is provided with a second maintenance door that connects to the horse path (7). The second maintenance door is equipped with a second openable door (45).

3. The ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tower layout structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The floor slabs of the exhaust main building (41) include only the floor slabs set on the first floor and the roof slabs set on the top surface of the exhaust main building (41). The floors of the exhaust main building (41) with rainproof air vents (43) are connected to each other through the steel grating maintenance platform (46) and the extended platform (5).

4. The ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tower layout structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: The side where the exhaust main building (41) connects with the exhaust duct (3) opening is the rear side of the exhaust main building (41). The air inlet duct (2) is located on the left side of the exhaust duct (3), and the exhaust auxiliary building (42) is located on the right side of the exhaust main building (41). The rear, left and front walls of the upper part of the exhaust main building (41) are all equipped with rainproof air vents (43), and the rear and front walls of the exhaust auxiliary building (42) are also equipped with rainproof air vents (43).

5. The ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tower layout structure as described in claim 3, characterized in that: The first operable door (44) is a roller shutter door, and the first operable door (44) is located on the front side wall of the exhaust main building (41).

6. The ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tower layout structure as described in claim 2, characterized in that: Protective railings are provided on the outdoor space of the extended platform (5), the side of the horse path (7) away from the mountain (6), and the access road (8).

7. The ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tower layout structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: An extended beam foundation (9) is fixedly installed on the side of the walkway (7) away from the mountain (6). The extended beam foundation (9) is anchored to the mountain (6) by the slope support anchor bar bundle (10). The upper beam and column nodes of the extended beam foundation (9) and the ventilation main building (41) are connected by connecting beams. The extended beam foundation (9), the upper beam of the ventilation main building (41) and the connecting beam together form the first frame beam. The extended platform (5) is correspondingly set on the first frame beam.

8. The ventilation and safety tunnel exhaust tower layout structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The outer opening of the air intake duct (2) is equipped with an openable and closable grille door (21).

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