Multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twinning detection method for high-speed rail foundation bed

Abstract

The invention provides a multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twinning detection method for a high-speed rail foundation bed. The multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twinning detection method specifically comprises the following steps: step 1, detection preparation; step 2, data acquisition and initial setting; 3, step-by-step loading is conducted, specifically, foundation coefficients K30, K40 or K60 are selected according to requirements for detection, a prepressing interface is entered in the zero load state, preloads are loaded step by step, the K30 preload is 0.04 MPa, the K40 preload is 0.03 MPa, the K60 preload is 0.02 MPa, the loading magnitude of the K30, the K40 and the K60 is 0.04 MPa, and loading is achieved through pressure applying equipment during loading; step 4, optimizing and adjusting; step 5, unloading step by step; and 6, evaluating the bearing capacity. When pressure is applied, the base is pushed by the hydraulic assembly to move downwards, the base moves downwards to enable the pressure sensors to conduct detection under supporting of the supporting rod, the pressure sensors are distributed at the top of the supporting rod in a double-position mode, pressure application detection that detection points vertically move up and down is calibrated during detection, and the accuracy of detection data is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of railway bed testing equipment, specifically a multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin testing method for high-speed railway bed. Background Technology

[0002] The subgrade refers to the soil layer within 1.2m below the subgrade surface. It directly bears the load of the track and train and is greatly affected by hydrological and climatic changes. The railway subgrade structure consists of two layers: the surface layer and the lower layer. When inspecting the quality of the railway subgrade, a pressure test is required to determine whether it meets the standards.

[0003] According to a patent document with publication number CN220598013U, a railway subgrade testing device includes a frame, a hammering device at the bottom of the frame, a distance sensor at the bottom of the frame, a drive device for raising and lowering the hammering device inside the frame, and a controller. The distance sensor and the drive device are both connected to the controller. In use, the distance sensor measures the distance to the railway subgrade and sends the detected distance electrical signal to the controller. The controller controls the drive device to operate according to the distance, raising or lowering the hammering device and automatically adjusting its height to a suitable level, thus increasing the speed of equipment installation and improving testing efficiency. However, while this solution allows for rapid adjustment of the hammering height, it cannot achieve static pressure on the ground during pressure application, and the pressure point cannot be double-calibrated, causing inconvenience during pressure application. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, the purpose of this invention is to provide a multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway bed subgrade, thereby solving the problems mentioned in the background. This invention features a novel structure. During pressure application, the base moves downward under the push of the hydraulic components. The downward movement of the base causes the pressure sensor to perform detection under the support of the support rod. The pressure sensor is distributed in two positions on the top of the support rod. During detection, the pressure detection is calibrated by vertically moving the detection point up and down, ensuring the accuracy of the detection data.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solution: a multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade, specifically including the following steps: Step 1: Testing preparation, including personnel preparation, site preparation, material preparation, and machinery preparation. Step 2: Data Acquisition and Initial Settings. Enter the test parameters into the software, such as the diameter, thickness, size, maximum load, and loading rate of the bearing plate, and set the equipment instrument number, slope, error, and reserved parameters. Step 3: Gradual loading. Select the subgrade coefficient K30, K40, or K60 for testing according to requirements. Enter the preloading interface under 0 load condition and gradually load the preload. The preload for K30 is 0.04MPa, the preload for K40 is 0.03MPa, and the preload for K60 is 0.02MPa. The loading amount for K30, K40, and K60 is 0.04MPa. Loading is achieved through a pressure application device. Step 4: Optimization and Adjustment; Step 5: Unload in stages. After preloading, remove the load after 30 seconds. Unload the applied load in stages and record the settlement recovery at each unloading stage. Step 6: Bearing capacity assessment.

[0006] Furthermore, in step four, the load-settlement curve displayed in real time by the software can be analyzed and identified to determine the elastic and plastic stages of the foundation. If the test data enters the nonlinear stage, the software will optimize the next loading strategy to achieve intelligent and flexible loading management.

[0007] Furthermore, in step six, the software calculates the ultimate bearing capacity of the foundation based on the load-settlement curve and clarifies the safety factor. Combined with the settlement under different loads, the software can assess the bearing capacity of the foundation, enhancing the reliability of construction decisions.

[0008] Furthermore, the pressure-applying device in step three includes a base, on which a handle and a reinforcing plate are fixed respectively. A fixed box is slidably installed between the reinforcing plates. A support assembly is installed on the top of the fixed box. A limit assembly is movably installed on the side of the support assembly. A fixed seat is fixed on the top of the base. A support seat is movably installed on the top of the fixed seat. A hydraulic assembly is fixed on the top of the support seat. A threaded column is fixed on the bottom of the fixed seat. A support plate is welded to the inner wall of the support seat. A threaded hole is opened on the support plate. The threaded column is rotatably installed inside the threaded hole.

[0009] Furthermore, a limit rod is fixed on the inner wall of the reinforcing plate, and a limit groove is opened on the side of the fixing box. The limit rod is slidably installed inside the limit groove. The limiting component includes a support rod, a fixing block is welded to the side of the support rod, a sliding groove is opened inside the fixing block, and a slider is movably installed inside the sliding groove. One end of the slider is fixed to the side of the hydraulic component.

[0010] Furthermore, the support rod has a fixing groove inside, and a fixing rod is movably installed inside the fixing groove. A connecting groove is opened on the inner wall of the fixing groove, and an installation groove is opened on the fixing rod. A connecting component is movably installed between the installation groove and the connecting groove. A vertical rod is welded to one end of the fixing rod, and a fixing column is fixed to the side of the vertical rod. A fixing hole is opened at one end of the support rod, and one end of the fixing column is movably installed inside the fixing hole.

[0011] Furthermore, a limiting post is fixed on the inner wall of the fixing groove, a limiting hole is opened at one end of the fixing rod, the limiting post is movably installed inside the limiting hole, a through hole is opened on the side of the fixing rod, the through hole is connected to the limiting hole, a threaded block is welded to the side of the vertical rod, a threaded rod is rotatably installed on the threaded block, and a load-bearing seat is fixed at one end of the bottom of the threaded rod.

[0012] Furthermore, the connecting assembly includes a connecting block and a mounting block. The connecting block is movably installed inside the connecting groove, and the mounting block is movably installed inside the mounting groove. A rotating column is rotatably installed between the connecting block and the mounting block. A torsion spring is installed on the rotating column, and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixed to the connecting block and the rotating column.

[0013] Furthermore, the support assembly includes a support column, a support tube movably mounted on the support column, a positioning tube fixed to the side of the support tube, a positioning column movably mounted inside the positioning tube, fastening bolts rotatably mounted on both the support tube and the positioning tube, and an installation part fixed to one end of the positioning column.

[0014] Furthermore, an angle sensor and a pressure sensor are fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting part, and one end of each of the angle sensor and the pressure sensor is movably in contact with the top of the support rod.

[0015] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. In this invention, when pressure is applied, the base moves downward under the push of the hydraulic components. The downward movement of the base causes the pressure sensor to perform detection under the support of the support rod. The pressure sensor is distributed in two positions on the top of the support rod. During detection, the pressure detection is calibrated by the vertical up-and-down movement of the detection point to ensure the accuracy of the detection data.

[0016] 2. In this invention, the support assembly is slidably mounted on the limiting rod via a fixed box. The limiting rod provides upper and lower limit fixation for the fixed box, facilitating horizontal disassembly while ensuring stability during vertical movement. The support assembly is adjusted by the pressure sensor in terms of height and lateral position, thereby quickly cooperating with the support rod for rapid installation.

[0017] 3. In this invention, the position of the load-bearing seat installation point is adjusted by horizontally sliding the fixing rod inside the fixing groove. In addition, after the fixing rod is rotated, it is rotated 90 degrees by the rotating column, and then the through hole on the fixing rod is matched with the limiting column. The fixing rod and the support rod are distributed at 90 degrees and in a U-shape, thereby adjusting the installation position of the load-bearing seat according to the flatness of the ground at the detection point. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade beds of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the pressure application device for the multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway bed of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the threaded column structure of the multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade bed of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the support base for the multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway bed of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the limiting component of the multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway bed of the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the connection components of the multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway bed of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the connecting block after being cut open in the multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway bed of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting components of the multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway bed of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fixing rod after being cut open in the multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway bed of the present invention; In the diagram: 1. Base; 2. Handle; 3. Fixing seat; 4. Reinforcing plate; 5. Fixing box; 6. Support assembly; 7. Support seat; 8. Hydraulic assembly; 9. Limiting assembly; 10. Limiting rod; 11. Threaded post; 12. Support plate; 13. Threaded hole; 14. Support rod; 15. Fixing block; 16. Slider; 17. Slide groove; 18. Fixing groove; 19. Connecting groove; 20. Limiting post; 21. Fixing rod; 22. Mounting groove 23. Through hole; 24. Fixed column; 25. Vertical rod; 26. Threaded block; 27. Threaded rod; 28. Load-bearing seat; 29. ​​Connecting assembly; 30. Limiting hole; 31. Connecting block; 32. Mounting block; 33. Rotating column; 34. Torsion spring; 35. Support column; 36. Support tube; 37. Positioning tube; 38. Positioning column; 39. Fastening bolt; 40. Mounting part; 41. Angle sensor; 42. Pressure sensor. Detailed Implementation

[0019] To make the technical means, creative features, objectives and effects of this invention easier to understand, the invention will be further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments.

[0020] Please see Figures 1 to 9 This invention provides a technical solution: a multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade, specifically including the following steps: Step 1: Testing preparation, including personnel preparation, site preparation, material preparation, and machinery preparation. Step 2: Data Acquisition and Initial Settings. Enter the test parameters into the software, such as the diameter, thickness, size, maximum load, and loading rate of the bearing plate, and set the equipment instrument number, slope, error, and reserved parameters. Step 3: Gradual loading. Select foundation coefficients K30, K40, or K60 for testing as needed. Enter the preloading interface under 0 load conditions and gradually load the preload. The preload for K30 is 0.04 MPa, for K40 it is 0.03 MPa, and for K60 it is 0.02 MPa. The loading amount for K30, K40, and K60 is 0.04 MPa. Loading is achieved through a pressure application device. Step 4: Optimization and Adjustment; Step 5: Unload in stages. After preloading, remove the load after 30 seconds. Unload the applied load in stages and record the settlement recovery at each unloading stage. Step 6: Bearing capacity assessment.

[0021] In this embodiment, in step four, the load-settlement curve displayed in real time by the software can be analyzed and identified to determine the elastic and plastic stages of the foundation. If the test data enters the nonlinear stage, the software will optimize the next loading strategy to achieve intelligent and flexible loading management. In step six, based on the load-settlement curve, the software calculates the ultimate bearing capacity of the foundation and clarifies the safety factor. Combined with the settlement under different loads, the software can evaluate the bearing capacity of the foundation, enhancing the reliability of construction decisions.

[0022] In this embodiment, the pressure applying device in step three includes a base 1, on which a handle 2 and a reinforcing plate 4 are fixed respectively. A fixed box 5 is slidably installed between the reinforcing plates 4. A support assembly 6 is installed on the top of the fixed box 5. A limit assembly 9 is movably installed on the side of the support assembly 6. A fixed seat 3 is fixed on the top of the base 1. A support seat 7 is movably installed on the top of the fixed seat 3. A hydraulic assembly 8 is fixed on the top of the support seat 7. A threaded column 11 is fixed on the bottom of the fixed seat 3. A support plate 12 is welded to the inner wall of the support seat 7. A threaded hole 13 is opened on the support plate 12. The threaded column 11 is rotatably installed inside the threaded hole 13. A limit assembly 9 is fixed on the inner wall of the reinforcing plate 4. The limiting rod 10 has a limiting groove on the side of the fixed box 5. The limiting rod 10 is slidably installed inside the limiting groove. The limiting component 9 includes a support rod 14. A fixing block 15 is welded to the side of the support rod 14. A sliding groove 16 is opened inside the fixing block 15. A slider 17 is movably installed inside the sliding groove 16. One end of the slider 17 is fixed to the side of the hydraulic component 8. The threaded column 11 rotates inside the threaded hole 13 to adjust the distance between the base and the support seat 7. When the lifting height of the hydraulic component 8 is fixed, the height of the base 1 is adjusted again by the threaded column 11. The hydraulic component 8 is an existing hydraulic push rod. The lifting of the hydraulic push rod pushes the base 1 to sink and move downward on the ground.

[0023] In this embodiment, the support rod 14 has a fixing groove 18 inside, and a fixing rod 21 is movably installed inside the fixing groove 18. A connecting groove 19 is formed on the inner wall of the fixing groove 18. An installation groove 22 is formed on the fixing rod 21. A connecting assembly 29 is movably installed between the installation groove 22 and the connecting groove 19. A vertical rod 25 is welded to one end of the fixing rod 21, and a fixing post 24 is fixed to the side of the vertical rod 25. A fixing hole is formed at one end of the support rod 14, and one end of the fixing post 24 is movably installed inside the fixing hole. A limit post 20 is fixed on the inner wall of the fixing groove 18. One end of the fixed rod 21 has a limiting hole 30, and the limiting post 20 is movably installed inside the limiting hole 30. The side of the fixed rod 21 has a through hole 23, which is connected to the limiting hole 30. The side of the vertical rod 25 is welded with a threaded block 26, and a threaded rod 27 is rotatably installed on the threaded block 26. One end of the bottom of the threaded rod 27 is fixed with a load-bearing seat 28. The load-bearing seat 28 drives the threaded rod 27 to rotate on the threaded block 26. The rotation of the load-bearing seat 28 adjusts the overall level of the support rod 14, so that the support rod 14 provides a horizontal support point for the pressure sensor 42.

[0024] In this embodiment, the connecting assembly 29 includes a connecting block 31 and a mounting block 32. The connecting block 31 is movably installed inside the connecting groove 19, and the mounting block 32 is movably installed inside the mounting groove 22. A rotating column 33 is rotatably mounted between the connecting block 31 and the mounting block 32. A torsion spring 34 is mounted on the rotating column 33, and both ends of the torsion spring 34 are respectively fixed to the connecting block 31 and the rotating column 33. The support assembly 6 includes a support column 35, on which a support tube 36 is movably mounted. A positioning tube 37 is fixed to the side of the support tube 36. A positioning post 38 is movably installed inside the positioning tube 37. Fastening bolts 39 are rotatably installed on both the support tube 36 and the positioning tube 37. One end of the positioning post 38 is fixed with a mounting part 40. An angle sensor 41 and a pressure sensor 42 are fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting part 40. One end of the angle sensor 41 and the pressure sensor 42 are movably in contact with the top of the support rod 14. After the angle sensor 41 contacts the support rod 41, the values ​​inside the mounting part 40 are compared to see if the two contact points are parallel, which facilitates the measurement of the levelness of the support rod 14 later.

[0025] When pressure is applied, the threaded post 11 on the fixed seat 3 is first rotated and installed inside the threaded hole 13 on the support plate 12. The support seat 7 moves to the side of the fixed seat 3 for wrapping and limiting. The fixed box 5 is then horizontally slidably installed on the limiting rod 10. The fixed box 5 is limited and fixed by the reinforcing plate 4. The reinforcing plate 4 provides support for the base 1 and protects the fixed box 5 from both sides during reinforcement. When pressure is applied, the external hydraulic equipment is connected to the oil inlet pipe on the side of the hydraulic component 8, and the top of the hydraulic component 8 is connected to a gravity device, such as when a road roller is parked at a detection point. The end is coordinated with the road roller, and then the limiting component 9 is placed on the ground to provide a reference point for subsequent inspection. During installation, the limiting component 9, based on the flatness of the ground, causes the load-bearing seat 28 to drive the fixing rod 21 to slide horizontally inside the fixing groove 18. After the position of the load-bearing seat 28 is adjusted, the bottom of the support rod 14 is coordinated with the angle sensor 41 to observe the parallelism of the support rod 14. When one end passes through the load-bearing seat 28, the support rod 27 rotates on the threaded block 26, adjusting the height between the load-bearing seat 28 and the threaded rod 26, thereby completing the adjustment of the horizontality of the support rod 14. When the straight position cannot be supported, the load-bearing seat 28 is adjusted. When the base 28 provides a support point, the fixing rod 21 is moved inside the fixing groove 18. This movement causes the limiting post 20 to be removed from the limiting hole 30. The fixing rod 21 drives the mounting block 32 and the rotating post 33 to rotate on the connecting block 31. After rotating 90 degrees, the fixing rod 31 moves towards the limiting post 20. During this movement, the installation position of the load-bearing base 28 is adjusted. The fixing rod 21 slides inside the mounting groove 22 via the mounting block 32, adjusting the position of the through hole 23 at the fixing rod 21 in contact with the limiting post 20. After the through hole 23 is installed on the limiting post 20, the fixing rod 21 and the support rod 14 are perpendicularly distributed. Rod 21 provides support for support rod 14 from the side. When pressure is applied, the external hydraulic equipment extends the top of hydraulic component 8, and the top of hydraulic component 8 contacts the roller. The roller provides a support point for hydraulic component 8. As hydraulic component 8 extends, it generates extrusion force, which pushes base 1 to move downward. When base 1 moves downward, fixed box 5 and support component 6 descend synchronously. When fixed box 5 and support component 6 move downward, mounting part 40 pushes pressure sensor 41 to apply pressure to support rod 14. The pressure value is proportional to the height of descent of base 1, thereby detecting the pressure of the subgrade based on the pressure value.

[0026] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features, and advantages of the present invention. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered illustrative and non-limiting in all respects, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the scope of the invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0027] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade, characterized by: Specifically, the following steps are included: Step 1: Testing preparation, including personnel preparation, site preparation, material preparation, and machinery preparation. Step 2: Data Acquisition and Initial Settings. Enter the test parameters into the software, such as the diameter, thickness, size, maximum load, and loading rate of the bearing plate, and set the equipment instrument number, slope, error, and reserved parameters. Step 3: Gradual loading. Select foundation coefficients K30, K40, or K60 for testing as needed. Enter the preloading interface under 0 load conditions and gradually load the preload. The preload for K30 is 0.04 MPa, for K40 it is 0.03 MPa, and for K60 it is 0.02 MPa. The loading amount for K30, K40, and K60 is 0.04 MPa. Loading is achieved through a pressure application device. Step 4: Optimization and Adjustment; Step 5: Unload in stages. After preloading, remove the load after 30 seconds. Unload the applied load in stages and record the settlement recovery at each unloading stage. Step 6: Bearing capacity assessment.

2. The multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway bed as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step four, the load-settlement curve displayed in real time by the software can be analyzed and identified to determine the elastic and plastic stages of the foundation. If the test data enters the nonlinear stage, the software will optimize the next loading strategy to achieve intelligent and flexible loading management.

3. The multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In step six, the software calculates the ultimate bearing capacity of the foundation based on the load-settlement curve and clarifies the safety factor. Combined with the settlement under different loads, the software can assess the bearing capacity of the foundation, enhancing the reliability of construction decisions.

4. The multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade as described in claim 1, characterized in that: The pressure-applying device in step three includes a base, on which a handle and a reinforcing plate are fixed respectively. A fixed box is slidably installed between the reinforcing plates. A support assembly is installed on the top of the fixed box. A limit assembly is movably installed on the side of the support assembly. A fixed seat is fixed on the top of the base. A support seat is movably installed on the top of the fixed seat. A hydraulic assembly is fixed on the top of the support seat. A threaded column is fixed on the bottom of the fixed seat. A support plate is welded to the inner wall of the support seat. A threaded hole is opened on the support plate. The threaded column is rotatably installed inside the threaded hole.

5. The multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade as described in claim 4, characterized in that: A limit rod is fixed on the inner wall of the reinforcing plate, and a limit groove is opened on the side of the fixing box. The limit rod is slidably installed inside the limit groove. The limit assembly includes a support rod, and a fixing block is welded to the side of the support rod. A sliding groove is opened inside the fixing block, and a slider is movably installed inside the sliding groove. One end of the slider is fixed to the side of the hydraulic assembly.

6. The multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade as described in claim 5, characterized in that: The support rod has a fixing groove inside, and a fixing rod is movably installed inside the fixing groove. A connecting groove is opened on the inner wall of the fixing groove. An installation groove is opened on the fixing rod. A connecting component is movably installed between the installation groove and the connecting groove. A vertical rod is welded to one end of the fixing rod. A fixing post is fixed to the side of the vertical rod. A fixing hole is opened at one end of the support rod. One end of the fixing post is movably installed inside the fixing hole.

7. The multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade as described in claim 6, characterized in that: A limiting post is fixed on the inner wall of the fixing groove. A limiting hole is opened at one end of the fixing rod. The limiting post is movably installed inside the limiting hole. A through hole is opened on the side of the fixing rod. The through hole is connected to the limiting hole. A threaded block is welded to the side of the vertical rod. A threaded rod is rotatably installed on the threaded block. A load-bearing seat is fixed at one end of the bottom of the threaded rod.

8. The multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade as described in claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting assembly includes a connecting block and a mounting block. The connecting block is movably installed inside the connecting groove, and the mounting block is movably installed inside the mounting groove. A rotating column is rotatably installed between the connecting block and the mounting block. A torsion spring is installed on the rotating column, and the two ends of the torsion spring are respectively fixed to the connecting block and the rotating column.

9. The multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade as described in claim 4, characterized in that: The support assembly includes a support column, a support tube movably mounted on the support column, a positioning tube fixed to the side of the support tube, a positioning column movably mounted inside the positioning tube, fastening bolts rotatably mounted on both the support tube and the positioning tube, and an installation part fixed to one end of the positioning column.

10. The multi-dimensional intelligent sensing and digital twin detection method for high-speed railway subgrade as described in claim 9, characterized in that: An angle sensor and a pressure sensor are fixedly installed at the bottom of the mounting part, and one end of each of the angle sensor and the pressure sensor is in contact with the top of the support rod.

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