Distributed comprehensive energy system for emergency medical institution

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of energy conversion, and particularly discloses a distributed comprehensive energy system for an emergency medical institution, which comprises a top circulation system and a bottom circulation system, the top circulation system comprises an air compressor, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine and a top circulation generator and is used for providing electric energy; the bottom circulation system comprises a medical waste incinerator, a medium-temperature heater, a low-temperature heater, a high-temperature heater, a high-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, a first condenser, a second condenser, a hot water heater, a high-pressure s-CO2 turbine, a low-pressure s-CO2 turbine, a bottom circulation generator, a three-way valve and a multi-stage compression unit. And s-CO2 is used as a working medium to provide cold, heat and electric energy for emergency medical institutions. Exhaust gas of the top circulation system serves as a heat source of the bottom circulation system, and the bottom circulation system dynamically switches working medium paths through a three-way valve so as to adapt to the start-stop state of the medical waste incinerator. The system has the advantages of quick response, efficient energy utilization, cooperative treatment of medical wastes, realization of combined supply of cooling, heating and power and the like.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy conversion, and particularly relates to a distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the face of public health emergencies, cities often need to build a large number of emergency hospitals or shelter hospitals in a very short time. The centralized emergence of these temporary medical institutions will bring a heavy burden to the city operation. From the perspective of energy and environment, the energy consumption of hospital buildings is huge and the types of energy consumption are complex and diverse. The centralized access of a large number of new loads will bring great pressure to the normal operation of the city power grid. At the same time, a large amount of medical waste generated by temporary medical institutions will make the original medical waste disposal system unable to bear the heavy burden, and there is a serious environmental safety hazard.

[0003] As a new type of energy supply mode, the gas distributed energy system can meet the various energy needs of medical institutions, but there are still many technical bottlenecks when it is applied to emergency medical institutions. The existing system is difficult to meet the requirements of rapid response, efficient utilization of energy supply and strict medical waste disposal in the emergency medical scene. Especially in the aspect of waste heat utilization, the traditional system has problems such as low energy conversion efficiency and large equipment area, which cannot adapt to the compact layout demand of emergency medical institutions. The coordinated operation of medical waste disposal and energy system also lacks effective technical solutions, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency and secondary pollution risk.

[0004] Although the supercritical carbon dioxide (s-CO2) power cycle technology has the advantages of compact device and rapid start-up, there are still technical gaps in the integrated application of gas distributed system and medical waste treatment system. The existing system cannot realize the integrated operation of energy supply and waste disposal, and it is difficult to dynamically adjust the system operation mode according to the operation state of the medical waste incinerator, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency. In addition, the system also has obvious deficiencies in the coordinated supply of cold, heat and electricity in multiple energy forms, and cannot fully meet the diversified energy needs of emergency medical institutions. In view of the above problems, the existing technology needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions, which has the advantages of rapid response, efficient energy utilization, coordinated medical waste disposal, and cold heat and power supply.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the application provides the following scheme: a distributed integrated energy system for an emergency medical institution, comprising a top cycle system and a bottom cycle system. The top cycle system comprises an air compressor, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine and a top cycle generator, and provides electric energy for the emergency medical institution. The bottom cycle system comprises a medical waste incinerator, a medium-temperature heater, a low-temperature heater, a high-temperature heater, a high-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, a first condenser, a second condenser, a hot water heater, a high-pressure s-CO2 turbine, a low-pressure s-CO2 turbine, a bottom cycle generator, a three-way valve and a multi-stage compression unit, and provides cold, heat and electric energy for the emergency medical institution by taking s-CO2 as a working medium. Exhaust gas of the top cycle system is used as a heat source of the bottom cycle system, and the bottom cycle system dynamically switches a working medium path through the three-way valve to adapt to a start-stop state of the medical waste incinerator.

[0007] The top cycle system further comprises a gas regenerator for preheating air entering the combustion chamber by using exhaust gas of the gas turbine.

[0008] Further, the bottom cycle further comprises a heat conduction oil furnace, and the medical waste incinerator transmits heat to the high-temperature heater through the heat conduction oil furnace.

[0009] Further, the system of the application further comprises a flue gas purification device connected to an exhaust end of the medical waste incinerator, and incinerator flue gas waste heat is transmitted to the high-temperature heater through the heat conduction oil furnace and is discharged after being treated by the flue gas purification device.

[0010] Further, the three-way valve is provided with a passage a and a passage b; when the medical waste incinerator stops running, the working medium directly passes through the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine through the passage a; when the medical waste incinerator runs, the working medium flows through the high-temperature heater and then enters the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine through the passage b.

[0011] Further, the multi-stage compression unit comprises a first compressor, a second compressor and a third compressor, and the working medium is divided into two branches at an outlet of the low-temperature regenerator; the first branch is compressed by the first compressor and then enters the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine to do work; the second branch is compressed by the first condenser, the second compressor, the second condenser and the third compressor in sequence and then returns to the cycle.

[0012] Further, the working medium compressed by the first branch is preheated by the medium-temperature regenerator and heated by the low-temperature heater in sequence and then enters the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine.

[0013] Further, the working medium of the second branch is compressed by the third compressor, preheated by the low-temperature regenerator and the medium-temperature regenerator in sequence and then heated by the low-temperature heater.

[0014] Further, the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine and the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine are coaxially mechanically coupled and jointly drive the bottom cycle generator.

[0015] Further, the bottom cycle system provides a heat energy flow including: turbine flue gas waste heat sequentially flows through a medium-temperature heater, a low-temperature heater and a hot water heater, and the normal-temperature water is heated into steam or hot water by the hot water heater.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application at least discloses the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The distributed comprehensive energy system for the emergency medical institution provided by the application realizes integrated operation of energy supply and waste treatment through the cooperative operation of the top cycle system and the bottom cycle system, can dynamically adjust the system operation mode according to the operation state of the medical waste incinerator, improves the energy utilization rate, simultaneously meets the diversified energy demand of the emergency medical institution, has the advantages of fast response, efficient energy utilization, cooperative medical waste treatment, combined cooling, heating and power supply and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0019] Fig. 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the distributed comprehensive energy system of the application;

[0020] Fig. 2 It is a running flowchart of the medical waste incinerator in the distributed comprehensive energy system of the application;

[0021] Fig. 3 It is a heat energy supply flowchart in the distributed comprehensive energy system of the application;

[0022] In the figure: 1, top cycle intake; 2, air compressor; 3, fuel gas regenerator; 4, fuel; 5, combustion chamber; 6, gas turbine; 7, top cycle generator; 8, turbine flue gas waste heat; 9, incinerator intake; 10, medical waste incinerator; 11, incinerator flue gas waste heat; 12, heat conducting oil furnace; 13, flue gas purification device; 14, medium temperature heater; 15, low temperature heater; 16, three-way valve; 17, high temperature heater; 18, high pressure s-CO2 turbine; 19, low pressure s-CO2 turbine; 20, bottom cycle generator; 21, high temperature regenerator; 22, medium temperature regenerator; 23, low temperature regenerator; 24, first compressor; 25, first condenser; 26, second compressor; 27, second condenser; 28, cooling water; 29, third compressor; 30, hot water heater; 31, normal temperature water. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present application.

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figs. 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, the embodiment provides a distributed integrated energy system for an emergency medical institution, which comprises a top cycle system and a bottom cycle system. The top cycle system is composed of an air compressor 2, a combustion chamber 5, a gas turbine 6 and a top cycle generator 7, and provides electric energy for the emergency medical institution. The bottom cycle system takes s-CO2 as the working medium, and comprises a medical waste incinerator 10, a plurality of heaters, regenerators, condensers, a hot water heater 30, a high pressure s-CO2 turbine 18, a low pressure s-CO2 turbine 19, a bottom cycle generator 20, a three-way valve 16 and a multi-stage compression unit, and provides cold, heat and electric energy for the emergency medical institution. The exhaust gas of the top cycle system serves as the heat source of the bottom cycle system, and the bottom cycle system dynamically switches the working medium path through the three-way valve 16 to adapt to the start-stop state of the medical waste incinerator 10.

[0026] The air compressor 2 can adopt a centrifugal or axial flow structure, and the compression ratio range is preferably 10:1 to 20:1. The combustion chamber 5 can adopt a ring or cylinder structure, and the combustion temperature is controlled in the range of 900-1200℃. The gas turbine 6 can select a single or multi-stage structure, and the expansion ratio is preferably 5:1 to 10:1. The top cycle generator 7 can adopt a synchronous or asynchronous generator, and the rated power range is recommended to be 100kW-5MW.

[0027] The medical waste incinerator 10 can adopt a rotary kiln or fixed bed structure, and the processing capacity is preferably 0.5-10 tons / hour. The heater can adopt a tube-shell or plate heat exchanger, and the working pressure range is recommended to be 7-30 MPa. The regenerator can adopt a counter-flow or cross-flow arrangement, and the heat exchange efficiency is preferably 85%-95%. The s-CO2 turbine can adopt a radial or axial structure, and the working pressure is preferably 15-25 MPa. The multi-stage compression unit can adopt a series arrangement of centrifugal compressors, and the compression ratio of each stage is recommended to be 2:1 to 3:1. The three-way valve 16 can adopt an electric or pneumatic actuator, and the switching response time should be less than 30 seconds.

[0028] The system quickly responds to power demand through the gas turbine top cycle, while recovering waste heat efficiently and providing multiple energy sources through the s-CO2 bottom cycle. When the medical waste incinerator 10 is running, the working medium absorbs the incineration waste heat through the high-temperature heater 17; when it stops, it directly enters the turbine to ensure continuous operation of the system. The multi-stage compression and split-flow design optimizes the cycle efficiency, and the coaxial arrangement of the turbine improves the energy conversion efficiency. Thus, the power, heat and medical waste treatment needs of emergency medical institutions are met simultaneously in a limited space, solving the problems of large occupation area, slow start and low energy utilization rate of traditional systems. Compared with conventional gas distributed systems, the system significantly improves the waste heat recovery efficiency through the s-CO2 cycle, and integrates the medical waste treatment function, which is more suitable for emergency medical scenarios.

[0029] In one embodiment, the top cycle system further includes a gas-fired regenerator 3 for preheating the air entering the combustion chamber 5 using the exhaust gas of the gas turbine 6.

[0030] The gas-fired regenerator 3 is a newly added technical feature, and its core function is to recover turbine exhaust waste heat through heat exchange. The specific implementation methods include but are not limited to: adopting a counter-flow tube-shell heat exchanger, in which the high-temperature flue gas flows in the shell, and the compressed air flows in the tube; or adopting a plate heat exchanger, forming cross-flow channels through corrugated plates to enhance heat exchange efficiency; or adopting a regenerative regenerator, which recovers heat by periodically switching the direction of the gas flow. The heat exchange material can be selected from high-temperature resistant alloys such as Inconel 625, and the working temperature range needs to adapt to the turbine exhaust working condition of 800-1000℃. The installation position is preferably upstream of the combustion chamber 5, and is arranged in series with the air compressor 2 outlet pipeline.

[0031] The technical scheme above effectively recovers the turbine exhaust waste heat (about 400-600°C) directly discharged in the traditional system by additionally arranging the combustion gas regenerator 3. The specific working principle is as follows: the turbine exhaust enters the regenerator shell side, and the heat is transferred to the compressed air in the tube side, so that the inlet temperature of the combustion chamber 5 is increased by 150-250°C. Thus, three technical effects are generated: firstly, the fuel consumption rate is reduced, and the natural gas consumption is reduced by 10-15% under the same power generation; secondly, the combustion stability is improved, and the preheated air can shorten the ignition delay time; and finally, the generation amount of nitrogen oxides is reduced, and the peak temperature of the combustion chamber 5 is reduced by about 50-80°C. Compared with the system without the regenerator, the design improves the top cycle efficiency by 3-5 percentage points while maintaining the compactness of the system.

[0032] In a specific embodiment, the bottom cycle further comprises the heat conducting oil furnace 12, and the medical waste incinerator 10 transmits heat to the high-temperature heater 17 through the heat conducting oil furnace 12.

[0033] The heat conducting oil furnace 12 is an indirect heat exchange device, which can adopt a tube-shell or plate heat exchange structure, wherein the heat conducting medium is selected from mineral oil or synthetic oil, and the working temperature range is controlled within 200-400°C. In specific implementation, the heat conducting oil furnace 12 is connected to the flue gas passage of the medical waste incinerator 10 through flanges, the flue gas of the incinerator enters the tube side of the heat conducting oil furnace 12, and the heat conducting oil circulates in the shell side. The high-temperature heater 17 can be designed as a double-pipe heat exchanger, the heat conducting oil flows in the inner and outer pipe interlayer, and the s-CO2 working medium is heated in the inner pipe. As an alternative, molten salt can also be used as the heat conducting medium, and an electric heat tracing system is needed to prevent the molten salt from solidifying.

[0034] The technical scheme above realizes the safe isolation between the incinerator and the power cycle by introducing the heat conducting oil furnace 12. Specifically, the flue gas containing corrosive components generated by the medical waste incineration first transmits heat to the clean heat conducting medium in the heat conducting oil furnace 12, and then the heat conducting medium transmits heat to the s-CO2 working medium. This two-stage heat exchange design avoids the corrosion problem caused by the direct contact between the flue gas and the power cycle equipment, and ensures the stable operation of the system under the start-stop working condition of the medical waste incinerator 10 through the stable heat transfer characteristics of the heat conducting oil. Compared with the scheme of directly using the incinerator flue gas, the structure significantly prolongs the service life of the key equipment such as the high-temperature heater 17, and reduces the influence of the flue gas component fluctuation on the s-CO2 cycle parameters.

[0035] In a specific embodiment, the flue gas purification device 13 is connected to the exhaust end of the medical waste incinerator 10, the incinerator flue gas waste heat 11 is transmitted to the high-temperature heater 17 through the heat conducting oil furnace 12, and is discharged after being treated by the flue gas purification device 13.

[0036] Specifically, the flue gas purification device 13 can adopt a multi-stage processing structure, including but not limited to a combination of an electrostatic precipitator, an activated carbon adsorption tower, and a wet scrubber. Among them, the electrostatic precipitator is used to remove particulate matter in the flue gas, the activated carbon adsorption tower is used to adsorb harmful gases such as dioxin, and the wet scrubber is used to neutralize acidic gases by alkaline solution. Before the flue gas enters the purification device, its heat is recovered by high-temperature heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil furnace 12, and the temperature of the heat transfer oil can be maintained within the range of 300-400°C. The purified flue gas emission needs to meet the limit requirements of GB18485-2014 "Waste Incineration Pollution Control Standard". As a preferred embodiment, the purification device can integrate differential pressure monitoring and automatic backwashing functions, and automatically start the cleaning program when the filter material pressure difference exceeds the set threshold.

[0037] Therefore, the above technical solution solves the problem of system integration of pollution control and waste heat recovery of incineration flue gas by configuring the flue gas purification device 13 and the heat recovery system of the heat transfer oil furnace 12 in cooperation, while realizing the harmless treatment of medical waste. Compared with the conventional separate processing system, the design stabilizes the inlet temperature of the purification device in the optimal reaction range (180-250°C) through thermal coupling, which not only avoids damage to the purification material at high temperature, but also prevents acid gas condensation corrosion caused by low temperature. The heat of the incinerator flue gas is effectively extracted for s-CO2 cycle before entering the purification device, which not only meets the environmental protection emission requirements, but also improves the overall energy utilization rate.

[0038] In one specific embodiment, the three-way valve 16 is provided with a passage a and a passage b; when the medical waste incinerator 10 stops running, the working medium directly passes through the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 through the passage a; when the medical waste incinerator 10 runs, the working medium flows through the high-temperature heater 17 and then enters the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18.

[0039] Specifically, the passage a is a direct bypass, and when the incinerator is in a shutdown state, the s-CO2 working medium at the outlet of the medium-temperature heater 14 can directly enter the high-pressure turbine for work without passing through the high-temperature heater 17. The passage b is a conventional passage, and when the incinerator is running normally, the working medium needs to flow through the high-temperature heater 17 to absorb the waste heat 11 of the incinerator flue gas, and then enter the high-pressure turbine. As a preferred embodiment, the three-way valve 16 can adopt an electric regulating valve to automatically switch the passage through the incinerator running state signal. Further, the high-temperature heater 17 and the heat transfer oil furnace 12 can adopt a counterflow heat exchanger arrangement to improve the waste heat recovery efficiency.

[0040] Thus, the above technical scheme realizes automatic switching operation of the system under two working conditions of starting and stopping of the medical waste incinerator 10 by arranging the double-path three-way valve 16. When the incinerator is stopped, the working medium directly enters the turbine through the bypass, thereby avoiding the temperature drop of the working medium due to the absence of heat source of the high-temperature heater 17. When the incinerator is running, the working medium fully absorbs the waste heat of the incinerator through the conventional path, thereby effectively maintaining the cycle efficiency. The design solves the problem of unstable operation of the system caused by the fluctuation of medical waste treatment capacity of the emergency medical institution, and ensures the continuity of energy supply. Compared with the fixed-path system, the scheme can dynamically adjust the heat source utilization mode according to the actual working condition, thereby significantly improving the adaptability and energy utilization rate of the system.

[0041] In one specific embodiment, the multi-stage compression unit includes a first compressor 24, a second compressor 26 and a third compressor 29, and the working medium is divided into two branches at the outlet of the low-temperature regenerator 23; the first branch is compressed by the first compressor 24 and then enters the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 to do work; and the second branch is sequentially compressed by the first condenser 25, the second compressor 26, the second condenser 27 and the third compressor 29 and then returns to the cycle.

[0042] Specifically, the first branch preliminarily pressurizes the working medium by the first compressor 24, and the pressurized working medium can be further preheated by the medium-temperature regenerator 22 and heated by the low-temperature heater 15, so as to improve the temperature and pressure of the working medium when entering the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19. The second branch realizes deep cooling and compression of the working medium by two-stage condensers and two-stage compressors, wherein the first condenser 25 and the second condenser 27 can be arranged in parallel or in series, and the cooling medium can be selected from cooling water 28 or other low-temperature fluids. The working medium at the outlet of the third compressor 29 can be sequentially preheated by the low-temperature regenerator 23 and the medium-temperature regenerator 22, so as to recover the waste heat of the system. As a preferred embodiment, the first compressor 24 and the second compressor 26 can be centrifugal compressors, and the third compressor 29 can be a reciprocating compressor, so as to adapt to the compression requirements at different pressure stages.

[0043] Thus, the above technical scheme realizes efficient circulation of the s-CO2 working medium under different working conditions by multi-stage compression and split-flow design. Among them, the first branch directly provides working medium for the low-pressure turbine, shortening the process path; and the second branch optimizes the working medium state by multi-stage compression and cooling, thereby improving the cycle efficiency. The cooperative operation of the two branches enables the system to flexibly respond to load changes, and the waste heat is utilized by the regenerators in stages. Compared with a single compression path, the design reduces the compression power consumption, improves the work capacity of the turbine, and thus enhances the rapid response capability and energy supply stability of the system in the emergency medical scenario.

[0044] In one embodiment, in the bottom cycle system, the compressed working medium of the first branch is sequentially preheated by the medium temperature regenerator 22 and heated by the low temperature heater 15, and then enters the low pressure s-CO2 turbine 19. Specifically, after the first branch working medium is branched from the outlet of the low temperature regenerator 23, it first enters the first compressor 24 for pressure increasing treatment, and then flows through the medium temperature regenerator 22 for preheating, and then enters the low temperature heater 15 for further heating, and finally is delivered to the low pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 for expansion work. As a preferred embodiment, the medium temperature regenerator 22 can use the high temperature working medium at the outlet of the high pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 as a heat source to preheat the working medium of the first branch, thereby increasing the initial temperature of the working medium before entering the low temperature heater 15 and reducing the heat load of the low temperature heater 15. Further, the low temperature heater 15 can use the top cycle system turbine flue gas waste heat 8 as a heat source to heat the working medium to the required temperature at the turbine inlet through heat exchange.

[0045] For this, the above technical solution optimizes the heating process of the working medium of the first branch, and realizes the cascade utilization of waste heat resources. Specifically, the working medium sequentially passes through the medium temperature preheating and low temperature heating stages before entering the low pressure turbine, wherein the medium temperature regenerator 22 recovers part of the waste heat of the working medium at the outlet of the high pressure turbine, and the low temperature heater 15 utilizes the turbine flue gas waste heat 8 of the top cycle system, thereby significantly improving the overall thermal efficiency of the system. Compared with the direct use of a single heater, this staged heating method can more accurately control the working medium state parameters, avoiding irreversible losses caused by excessive temperature difference. In addition, by reasonably setting the heat exchange area and flow channel structure of the medium temperature regenerator 22 and the low temperature heater 15, the working medium can be ensured to reach the best thermodynamic state at the turbine inlet, thereby improving the work efficiency of the turbine.

[0046] In one embodiment, the high pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 and the low pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 are coaxially mechanically coupled to drive the bottom cycle generator 20.

[0047] Specifically, the high pressure turbine and the low pressure turbine are coaxially connected through a rigid coupling, and the rotors of the two turbines share the same rotation axis. The turbine housing is mechanically fixed by flange connection to ensure the continuity of the axial force transmission path. As a preferred embodiment, the coaxial structure can adopt a single bearing support design, i.e. a common radial bearing is arranged between the two turbines, thereby reducing mechanical loss. In the working medium flow path, the outlet of the high pressure turbine is directly connected to the inlet of the low pressure turbine through a flange to form a series flow channel. The rotor of the bottom cycle generator 20 transmits torque to the output shaft of the turbine through a spline, and the stator of the generator is fixed on the system base by bolts.

[0048] Thus, the above technical solution realizes the optimization of the energy transmission path through coaxial mechanical coupling. The working medium discharged by the high-pressure turbine can directly enter the low-pressure turbine to continue to expand and work, avoiding the pipe pressure loss caused by the traditional split-shaft arrangement. The two turbines jointly act on a single generator rotor, eliminating the synchronization control problem of multiple generators operating in parallel. Specifically, when the medical waste incinerator 10 starts and stops, causing fluctuations in the heat source, the coaxial structure can automatically balance the power output ratio of the high-pressure and low-pressure turbines, and maintain the stability of the generator speed through mechanical coupling.

[0049] In one embodiment, the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 is coaxially mechanically coupled with the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 to jointly drive the bottoming cycle generator 20.

[0050] Specifically, the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 and the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 are coaxially connected through a rigid coupling or a gear box, so that the output torques of the two can be directly superimposed. As a preferred embodiment, the turbine rotor is made of high-strength alloy steel to withstand the high-temperature and high-pressure working conditions of the s-CO2 working medium. Further, the coaxial mechanical coupling can achieve power transmission through flange or keyway structure, wherein the flange bolts need to be pre-stressed to ensure long-term operation stability. In addition, the bottoming cycle generator 20 can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor, and the rotor is coaxially installed with the turbine, thereby realizing efficient conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy.

[0051] To this end, the above technical solution solves the problems of complex system structure, large space occupation and energy transmission loss caused by the traditional split-shaft arrangement by coaxially coupling the high-pressure and low-pressure turbines. Among them, the coaxial design enables the output power of the two turbines to be concentrated and transmitted to a single generator, avoiding the control difficulties brought by multiple generators in parallel. Further, since the s-CO2 working medium still has a high enthalpy value after expansion in the high-pressure turbine, the second work through the low-pressure turbine can improve the overall cycle efficiency. Specifically, the working medium at the outlet of the high-pressure turbine is cooled and decompressed by the regenerator, and its remaining energy is fully extracted by the low-pressure turbine, thereby enabling the system to realize energy cascade utilization in a compact layout. Compared with the scheme using a single turbine, this design can improve the power generation efficiency by 8-12% under the same floor area, while reducing the number of rotating parts to reduce maintenance costs.

[0052] In one embodiment, the flow of heat energy provided by the bottoming cycle system includes: turbine flue gas waste heat 8 flows through the medium-temperature heater 14, the low-temperature heater 15 and the hot water heater 30 in sequence, and the normal temperature water 31 is heated to steam or hot water output through the hot water heater 30.

[0053] Specifically, the turbine flue gas waste heat 8 first enters the medium-temperature heater 14 for preliminary heat exchange, then enters the low-temperature heater 15 for secondary heat exchange, and finally enters the hot water heater 30 to complete the heat energy conversion. As a preferred embodiment, the hot water heater 30 can adopt a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, in which the normal-temperature water 31 flows in the tube, and the high-temperature flue gas flows in the shell, so as to realize efficient heat energy transfer through counterflow heat exchange. Further, the output temperature of steam or hot water can be controlled by adjusting the flue gas flow or the cooling water 28 flow, for example, by using a proportional-integral-derivative controller to realize accurate temperature control.

[0054] Therefore, the above technical solution realizes the cascade utilization of the turbine flue gas waste heat 8 through the series arrangement of the multi-stage heat exchangers. Among them, the medium-temperature heater 14 and the low-temperature heater 15 recover medium and low-temperature waste heat respectively, and the hot water heater 30 concentrates the final low-temperature waste heat, so that the heat energy utilization rate is significantly improved. Compared with the prior art, the scheme solves the instant demand problem of steam and hot water for emergency medical institutions, and avoids the thermodynamic loss caused by a single heat exchanger. Specifically, the heat transfer irreversible loss is reduced through staged heat exchange, the independent setting of the hot water heater 30 guarantees the stability of heat supply, and the temperature adjustable design meets the differentiated demand of medical places for heat supply parameters.

[0055] In one specific embodiment, the bottom cycle system provides cooling medium for the first condenser 25 and the second condenser 27 through the cooling water 28.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, the working process of the top cycle system includes: the top cycle inlet air 1 is compressed by the air compressor 2, enters the fuel reheater 3 for preheating, is combusted with the fuel 4 in the combustion chamber 5 to generate high-temperature gas, drives the gas turbine 6 to drive the top cycle generator 7 to generate electricity; and the turbine flue gas waste heat 8 enters the medium-temperature heater 14 of the bottom cycle system.

[0057] In one specific embodiment, the incinerator inlet air 9 delivers air required for combustion to the medical waste incinerator 10, ensures that the medical waste is fully combusted at high temperature to form the incinerator flue gas waste heat 11, and the incinerator flue gas waste heat 11 is transferred to the high-temperature heater 17 through the heat transfer oil furnace 12 to become the second heat source of the bottom cycle s-CO2 working medium, supplementing the top cycle exhaust gas waste heat.

[0058] The working principle of the embodiment of the present application is as follows:

[0059] The system is coupled by the top cycle system and the bottom cycle system, and the specific process includes top cycle system power generation and bottom cycle system working medium circulation.

[0060] The top cycle system power generation process comprises: top cycle intake 1 is pressurized by air compressor 2, and then enters a fuel gas reheater 3 for preheating; the preheated air is mixed with fuel 4 in a combustion chamber 5 for combustion, high-temperature and high-pressure gas is generated to drive a gas turbine 6 to expand and do work, and a top cycle generator 7 is driven to generate power; the turbine flue gas waste heat 8 after work enters the fuel gas reheater 3 to preheat the intake, and then is delivered to the intermediate-temperature heater 14 of the bottom cycle system.

[0061] The bottom cycle system working cycle comprises: when the medical waste incinerator 10 stops, the s-CO2 working medium at the outlet of the intermediate-temperature heater 14 directly passes through the passage a of the three-way valve 16 to drive the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 to work; when the medical waste incinerator 10 operates, the working medium enters the high-temperature heater 17 through the passage b of the three-way valve 16, absorbs the heat of the incinerator flue gas waste heat 11 (transferred through the heat transfer oil furnace 12), and then enters the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 to work; the working medium at the outlet of the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 sequentially flows through the high-temperature regenerator 21→the intermediate-temperature regenerator 22→the low-temperature regenerator 23 to release heat; the working medium circulates in two branches: the first branch is pressurized by the first compressor 24→preheated by the intermediate-temperature regenerator 22→heated by the low-temperature heater 15→drives the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 to work; the second branch is cooled by the first condenser 25→pressurized by the second compressor 26→cooled by the second condenser 27 (the cooling water 28 is used for cooling)→pressurized by the third compressor 29→flows through the low-temperature regenerator 23→the intermediate-temperature regenerator 22→the low-temperature heater 15 in sequence to be preheated / heated→enters the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 to work; the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 and the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 are coaxially mechanically coupled to jointly drive the bottom cycle generator 20 to generate power; heat energy supply: the turbine flue gas waste heat 8 flows through the intermediate-temperature heater 14→the low-temperature heater 15→the hot water heater 30 to heat the normal-temperature water 31 into steam / hot water output; medical waste treatment: the incinerator intake 9 supplies oxygen for the medical waste incinerator 10, and the incineration flue gas is discharged after being treated by the flue gas purification device 13.

[0062] In the description of the present application, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer" and the like indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing the present application, and do not indicate or imply that the devices or elements referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0063] The above-described embodiments are only descriptions of the preferred modes of the present application, and do not limit the scope of the present application, and various modifications and improvements to the technical solutions of the present application made by those skilled in the art without departing from the design spirit of the present application shall fall within the protection scope determined by the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical facilities, characterized in that, include: The top circulation system includes an air compressor (2), a combustion chamber (5), a gas turbine (6), and a top circulation generator (7); the top circulation system provides power to emergency medical facilities. The bottom circulation system includes a medical waste incinerator (10), a medium-temperature heater (14), a low-temperature heater (15), a high-temperature heater (17), a high-temperature regenerator (21), a medium-temperature regenerator (22), a low-temperature regenerator (23), a first condenser (25), a second condenser (27), a hot water heater (30), a high-pressure s-CO2 turbine (18), a low-pressure s-CO2 turbine (19), a bottom circulation generator (20), a three-way valve (16), and a multi-stage compression unit; the bottom circulation system uses s-CO2 as the working fluid to provide cold, heat, and electricity to emergency medical institutions; The exhaust gas from the top circulation system serves as the heat source for the bottom circulation system, and the bottom circulation system dynamically switches the working fluid path through the three-way valve (16) to adapt to the start-up and shutdown states of the medical waste incinerator (10).

2. The distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top circulation system also includes a gas regenerator (3) for preheating the air entering the combustion chamber (5) using the exhaust gas from the gas turbine (6).

3. The distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom circulation also includes a thermal oil furnace (12), through which the medical waste incinerator (10) transfers heat to the high-temperature heater (17).

4. The distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions according to claim 3, characterized in that, It also includes a flue gas purification device (13), which is connected to the exhaust end of the medical waste incinerator (10). The waste heat (11) of the flue gas from the incinerator is transferred to the high-temperature heater (17) via the thermal oil heater (12) and then treated and discharged through the flue gas purification device (13).

5. The distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The three-way valve (16) has passage a and passage b. When the medical waste incinerator (10) is stopped, the working fluid flows directly to the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine (18) through passage a. When the medical waste incinerator (10) is running, the working fluid flows through the high-temperature heater (17) through passage b and then enters the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine (18).

6. The distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-stage compression unit includes a first compressor (24), a second compressor (26), and a third compressor (29), and the working fluid is divided into two branches at the outlet of the low-temperature regenerator (23); the first branch is compressed by the first compressor (24) and then enters the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine (19) to do work; the second branch is compressed in sequence by the first condenser (25), the second compressor (26), the second condenser (27), and the third compressor (29) and then returns to the cycle.

7. The distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The working fluid compressed in the first branch is preheated by the medium-temperature regenerator (22) and heated by the low-temperature heater (15) before entering the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine (19).

8. The distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions according to claim 6, characterized in that, The working fluid in the second branch is compressed by the third compressor (29), then flows through the low-temperature regenerator (23) and the medium-temperature regenerator (22) for preheating, and then enters the low-temperature heater (15) for heating.

9. The distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions according to claim 1 or 6, characterized in that, The high-pressure s-CO2 turbine (18) and the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine (19) are coaxially mechanically coupled and jointly drive the bottom cycle generator (20).

10. The distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions according to claim 1, characterized in that, The process of providing thermal energy in the bottom circulation system includes: the waste heat of turbine flue gas (8) flows sequentially through the medium temperature heater (14), the low temperature heater (15) and the hot water heater (30), and the room temperature water (31) is heated into steam or hot water output through the hot water heater (30).

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