A distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions

Abstract

The application belongs to the field of energy conversion, and specifically discloses a distributed comprehensive energy system for an emergency medical institution, which comprises a top cycle system and a bottom cycle system; the top cycle system comprises an air compressor, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine and a top cycle generator, and is used for providing electric energy; the bottom cycle system comprises a medical waste incinerator, a medium-temperature heater, a low-temperature heater, a high-temperature heater, a high-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, a first condenser, a second condenser, a hot water heater, a high-pressure s-CO2 turbine, a low-pressure s-CO2 turbine, a bottom cycle generator, a three-way valve and a multi-stage compression unit, so as to provide cold, heat and electric energy for the emergency medical institution by taking s-CO2 as a working medium. Exhaust gas of the top cycle system is used as a heat source of the bottom cycle system, and the bottom cycle system dynamically switches a working medium path through the three-way valve to adapt to start-stop states of the medical waste incinerator. The system has the advantages of fast response, efficient energy utilization, collaborative treatment of medical waste, and realization of combined cooling, heating and power supply.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of energy conversion, and in particular to a distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the face of public health emergencies, cities often need to build a large number of emergency hospitals or shelter hospitals in a very short time. The centralized emergence of these temporary medical institutions will bring a heavy burden to the city operation. From the perspective of energy and environment, the energy consumption of hospital buildings is huge and the types of energy consumption are complex and diverse. The centralized access of a large number of new loads will bring great pressure to the normal operation of the city power grid. At the same time, a large amount of medical waste generated by temporary medical institutions will make the original medical waste disposal system unable to bear the heavy burden, and there is a serious environmental safety hazard.

[0003] As a new type of energy supply mode, the gas distributed energy system can meet the various energy needs of medical institutions, but there are still many technical bottlenecks when applied to emergency medical institutions. The existing system is difficult to meet the requirements of rapid response, efficient utilization of energy supply and strict medical waste disposal in the emergency medical scene. Especially in the aspect of waste heat utilization, the traditional system has problems such as low energy conversion efficiency and large equipment area, which cannot adapt to the compact layout demand of emergency medical institutions. The coordinated operation of medical waste disposal and energy system also lacks effective technical solutions, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency and the risk of secondary pollution.

[0004] Although the supercritical carbon dioxide (s-CO2) power cycle technology has the advantages of compact device and rapid start-up, there are still technical gaps in the integrated application of gas distributed system and medical waste treatment system. The existing system cannot realize the integrated operation of energy supply and waste disposal, and it is difficult to dynamically adjust the system operation mode according to the operation state of the medical waste incinerator, resulting in low energy utilization efficiency. In addition, the system also has obvious deficiencies in the coordinated supply of cold, heat and electricity in multiple energy forms, and cannot fully meet the diversified energy needs of emergency medical institutions. In view of the above problems, the existing technology needs to be improved. SUMMARY

[0005] The purpose of the present application is to provide a distributed integrated energy system for emergency medical institutions, which has the advantages of rapid response, efficient energy utilization, coordinated medical waste disposal, and cold heat and power supply.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the application provides the following scheme: a distributed integrated energy system for an emergency medical institution, comprising a top cycle system and a bottom cycle system. The top cycle system comprises an air compressor, a combustion chamber, a gas turbine and a top cycle generator, and provides electric energy for the emergency medical institution. The bottom cycle system comprises a medical waste incinerator, a medium-temperature heater, a low-temperature heater, a high-temperature heater, a high-temperature regenerator, a medium-temperature regenerator, a low-temperature regenerator, a first condenser, a second condenser, a hot water heater, a high-pressure s-CO2 turbine, a low-pressure s-CO2 turbine, a bottom cycle generator, a three-way valve and a multi-stage compression unit, and provides cold, heat and electric energy for the emergency medical institution by taking s-CO2 as a working medium. Exhaust gas of the top cycle system is used as a heat source of the bottom cycle system, and the bottom cycle system dynamically switches a working medium path through the three-way valve to adapt to a start-stop state of the medical waste incinerator.

[0007] The top cycle system further comprises a gas regenerator for preheating air entering the combustion chamber by using exhaust gas of the gas turbine.

[0008] Further, the bottom cycle further comprises a heat conduction oil furnace, and the medical waste incinerator transmits heat to the high-temperature heater through the heat conduction oil furnace.

[0009] Further, the system of the application further comprises a flue gas purification device connected to an exhaust end of the medical waste incinerator, and incinerator flue gas waste heat is transmitted to the high-temperature heater through the heat conduction oil furnace and is discharged after being treated by the flue gas purification device.

[0010] Further, the three-way valve is provided with a passage a and a passage b; when the medical waste incinerator stops running, the working medium directly passes through the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine through the passage a; when the medical waste incinerator runs, the working medium flows through the high-temperature heater and then enters the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine through the passage b.

[0011] Further, the multi-stage compression unit comprises a first compressor, a second compressor and a third compressor, and the working medium is divided into two branches at an outlet of the low-temperature regenerator; the first branch is compressed by the first compressor and then enters the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine to do work; the second branch is compressed by the first condenser, the second compressor, the second condenser and the third compressor in sequence and then returns to the cycle.

[0012] Further, the working medium compressed by the first branch is preheated by the medium-temperature regenerator and heated by the low-temperature heater in sequence and then enters the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine.

[0013] Further, the working medium of the second branch is compressed by the third compressor, preheated by the low-temperature regenerator and the medium-temperature regenerator in sequence and then heated by the low-temperature heater.

[0014] Further, the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine and the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine are coaxially mechanically coupled and jointly drive the bottom cycle generator.

[0015] Further, the bottom cycle system provides a heat energy flow including: turbine flue gas waste heat sequentially flows through a medium-temperature heater, a low-temperature heater and a hot water heater, and the normal-temperature water is heated into steam or hot water by the hot water heater.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the application at least has the following beneficial effects:

[0017] The distributed comprehensive energy system for the emergency medical institution provided by the application realizes integrated operation of energy supply and waste treatment through the collaborative operation of the top cycle system and the bottom cycle system, can dynamically adjust the system operation mode according to the operation state of the medical waste incinerator, improves the energy utilization rate, simultaneously meets the diversified energy demand of the emergency medical institution, has the advantages of fast response, efficient energy utilization, collaborative medical waste treatment, combined cooling, heating and power supply and the like. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings in the following description only some embodiments of the application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can also be obtained from these drawings without creative labor.

[0019] Fig. 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the distributed comprehensive energy system of the application;

[0020] Fig. 2 It is a running flowchart of the medical waste incinerator in the distributed comprehensive energy system of the application;

[0021] Fig. 3 It is a heat energy supply flowchart in the distributed comprehensive energy system of the application;

[0022] In the figure: 1, top cycle intake; 2, air compressor; 3, fuel gas regenerator; 4, fuel; 5, combustion chamber; 6, gas turbine; 7, top cycle generator; 8, turbine flue gas waste heat; 9, incinerator intake; 10, medical waste incinerator; 11, incinerator flue gas waste heat; 12, heat conducting oil furnace; 13, flue gas purification device; 14, medium temperature heater; 15, low temperature heater; 16, three-way valve; 17, high temperature heater; 18, high pressure s-CO2 turbine; 19, low pressure s-CO2 turbine; 20, bottom cycle generator; 21, high temperature regenerator; 22, medium temperature regenerator; 23, low temperature regenerator; 24, first compressor; 25, first condenser; 26, first condenser cooling water; 27, second compressor; 28, second condenser; 29, second condenser cooling water; 30, third compressor; 31, hot water heater; 32, normal temperature water. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be described clearly and completely below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] In order to make the above-mentioned purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the present application will be further described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

[0025] Reference Figs. 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, the embodiment provides a distributed integrated energy system for an emergency medical institution, which comprises a top cycle system and a bottom cycle system. The top cycle system is composed of an air compressor 2, a combustion chamber 5, a gas turbine 6 and a top cycle generator 7, and provides electric energy for the emergency medical institution. The bottom cycle system takes s-CO2 as the working medium, and comprises a medical waste incinerator 10, a plurality of heaters, regenerators, condensers, a hot water heater 31, a high pressure s-CO2 turbine 18, a low pressure s-CO2 turbine 19, a bottom cycle generator 20, a three-way valve 16 and a multi-stage compression unit, and provides cold, heat and electric energy for the emergency medical institution. The exhaust gas of the top cycle system serves as the heat source of the bottom cycle system, and the bottom cycle system dynamically switches the working medium path through the three-way valve 16 to adapt to the start-stop state of the medical waste incinerator 10.

[0026] The air compressor 2 can be centrifugal or axial flow type, with a compression ratio preferably ranging from 10:1 to 20:1. The combustion chamber 5 can be annular or cylindrical, with the combustion temperature controlled within the range of 900-1200℃. The gas turbine 6 can be single-stage or multi-stage, with an expansion ratio preferably ranging from 5:1 to 10:1. The top-cycle generator 7 can be a synchronous or asynchronous generator, with a recommended rated power range of 100kW-5MW.

[0027] The medical waste incinerator 10 can adopt a rotary kiln or fixed bed structure, with a preferred processing capacity of 0.5-10 tons / hour. The heater can use a shell-and-tube or plate heat exchanger, with a recommended operating pressure range of 7-30 MPa. The regenerator can be arranged in a counter-current or cross-flow configuration, with a preferred heat exchange efficiency of 85%-95%. The s-CO2 turbine can adopt a radial or axial structure, with a preferred operating pressure of 15-25 MPa. The multi-stage compression unit can use centrifugal compressors arranged in series, with a recommended compression ratio of 2:1 to 3:1 per stage. The three-way valve 16 can use an electric or pneumatic actuator, with a switching response time of less than 30 seconds.

[0028] This system rapidly responds to power demands through a gas turbine top-cycle, while simultaneously utilizing an s-CO2 bottom-cycle for efficient waste heat recovery and provision of diverse energy sources. When the medical waste incinerator 10 is running, the working fluid absorbs waste heat through a high-temperature heater 17; when shut down, it directly enters the turbine, ensuring continuous system operation. Multi-stage compression and diversion design optimizes cycle efficiency, and the coaxially arranged turbine improves energy conversion efficiency. This allows for the simultaneous fulfillment of power, heat, and medical waste treatment needs for emergency medical institutions within a limited space, solving the problems of large footprint, slow start-up, and low energy utilization rates inherent in traditional systems. Compared to conventional gas-fired distributed systems, this system significantly improves waste heat recovery efficiency through s-CO2 circulation and integrates medical waste treatment functions, making it more suitable for emergency medical scenarios.

[0029] In one specific embodiment, the top circulation system also includes a gas regenerator 3 for preheating the air entering the combustion chamber 5 using the exhaust gas from the gas turbine 6.

[0030] The gas regenerator 3, a newly added technical feature, has the core function of recovering waste heat from turbine exhaust gas through heat exchange. Specific implementation methods include, but are not limited to: using a counter-flow shell-and-tube heat exchanger, where high-temperature flue gas flows through the shell side and compressed air flows through the tube side; or using a plate heat exchanger, with corrugated plates forming cross-flow channels to enhance heat exchange efficiency; or using a regenerative regenerator, achieving heat recovery by periodically switching the airflow direction. The heat exchange material can be a high-temperature resistant alloy such as Inconel 625, and the operating temperature range must be suitable for turbine exhaust gas conditions of 800-1000℃. The preferred installation location is upstream of combustion chamber 5, arranged in series with the outlet pipe of air compressor 2.

[0031] The above technical solution effectively recovers the waste heat (approximately 400-600℃) from turbine exhaust directly emitted in traditional systems by adding a gas regenerator 3. The specific working principle is as follows: turbine exhaust enters the shell side of the regenerator, transferring heat to the compressed air in the tube side, raising the intake temperature of combustion chamber 5 by 150-250℃. This produces a triple technical effect: firstly, it reduces fuel consumption rate 4, reducing natural gas consumption by 10-15% for the same power generation; secondly, it improves combustion stability, as preheating the air shortens the ignition delay time; and finally, it reduces nitrogen oxide generation, as the peak temperature of combustion chamber 5 decreases by approximately 50-80℃. Compared to systems without a regenerator, this design improves top-cycle efficiency by 3-5 percentage points while maintaining system compactness.

[0032] In one specific embodiment, the bottom circulation also includes a thermal oil furnace 12, through which the medical waste incinerator 10 transfers heat to the high-temperature heater 17.

[0033] The thermal oil heater 12, as an indirect heat exchange device, can adopt a shell-and-tube or plate heat exchange structure. The heat transfer medium is selected from mineral oil or synthetic oil, and the operating temperature range is controlled between 200-400℃. In specific implementation, the thermal oil heater 12 is connected to the flue gas passage of the medical waste incinerator 10 via a flange. The flue gas from the incinerator enters the tube side of the thermal oil heater 12, while the thermal oil circulates in the shell side. The high-temperature heater 17 can be designed as a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, with the thermal oil flowing in the interlayer between the inner and outer tubes, and the s-CO2 working medium being heated in the inner tube. As an alternative, molten salt can also be used as the heat transfer medium; in this case, an electric heat tracing system is required to prevent the molten salt from solidifying.

[0034] The above technical solution achieves safe isolation between the incinerator and the power cycle by introducing a thermal oil heater 12. Specifically, the flue gas containing corrosive components generated from medical waste incineration first transfers heat to a clean heat transfer medium in the thermal oil heater 12, and then the heat transfer medium transfers heat to the s-CO2 working fluid. This two-stage heat exchange design avoids corrosion problems caused by direct contact between the flue gas and the power cycle equipment, and ensures stable operation of the system under the start-up and shutdown conditions of the medical waste incinerator 10 through the stable heat transfer characteristics of the thermal oil. Compared with the solution of directly utilizing the flue gas from the incinerator, this structure significantly extends the service life of key equipment such as the high-temperature heater 17, while reducing the impact of flue gas composition fluctuations on the s-CO2 cycle parameters.

[0035] In one specific embodiment, the flue gas purification device 13 is connected to the exhaust end of the medical waste incinerator 10. The waste heat 11 of the flue gas from the incinerator is transferred to the high-temperature heater 17 via the thermal oil furnace 12 and then treated and discharged through the flue gas purification device 13.

[0036] Specifically, the flue gas purification device 13 can adopt a multi-stage treatment structure, including but not limited to a combination of electrostatic precipitators, activated carbon adsorption towers, and wet scrubbing towers. The electrostatic precipitator removes particulate matter from the flue gas, the activated carbon adsorption tower adsorbs harmful gases such as dioxins, and the wet scrubbing tower neutralizes acidic gases with an alkaline solution. Before entering the purification device, the heat of the incinerator flue gas is recovered through high-temperature heat transfer oil in the heat transfer oil furnace 12, and the temperature of the heat transfer oil can be maintained within the range of 300-400℃. The purified flue gas emissions must meet the limit requirements of GB18485-2014 "Standard for Pollution Control of Municipal Solid Waste Incineration". As a preferred embodiment, the purification device can integrate differential pressure monitoring and automatic backwashing functions, automatically initiating the cleaning program when the filter media differential pressure exceeds a set threshold.

[0037] Therefore, the above technical solution, by coordinating the flue gas purification device 13 with the heat recovery system of the thermal oil furnace 12, not only achieves the harmless treatment of medical waste but also solves the system integration problem of incineration flue gas pollution control and waste heat recovery. Compared with conventional separate treatment systems, this design stabilizes the inlet temperature of the purification device within the optimal reaction range (180-250℃) through thermal coupling, avoiding damage to the purification materials from high temperatures and preventing corrosion from acidic gas condensation caused by low temperatures. The heat of the incinerator flue gas is effectively extracted for s-CO2 circulation before entering the purification device, enabling the system to improve overall energy utilization while meeting environmental emission requirements.

[0038] In one specific embodiment, the three-way valve 16 is provided with passage a and passage b; when the medical waste incinerator 10 is stopped, the working fluid flows directly to the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 through passage a; when the medical waste incinerator 10 is running, the working fluid flows through the high-temperature heater 17 through passage b and then enters the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18.

[0039] Specifically, passage a is a direct bypass, allowing the s-CO2 working fluid from the outlet of the intermediate-temperature heater 14 to directly enter the high-pressure turbine to perform work without passing through the high-temperature heater 17 when the incinerator is shut down. Passage b is the conventional passage; when the incinerator is operating normally, the working fluid must flow through the high-temperature heater 17 to absorb the waste heat 11 from the incinerator flue gas before entering the high-pressure turbine. As a preferred embodiment, the three-way valve 16 can be an electrically adjustable valve, automatically switching passages based on the incinerator's operating status signal. Furthermore, the high-temperature heater 17 and the thermal oil heater 12 can be arranged in a counter-flow heat exchanger to improve waste heat recovery efficiency.

[0040] Therefore, the above technical solution, by setting up a dual-pass three-way valve 16, enables the system to automatically switch between start-up and shutdown conditions of the medical waste incinerator 10. When the incinerator is shut down, the working fluid directly enters the turbine through a bypass, avoiding a drop in working fluid temperature due to the lack of a heat source in the high-temperature heater 17. When the incinerator is running, the working fluid fully absorbs the waste heat from the incinerator through the conventional passage, effectively maintaining the circulation efficiency. This design solves the problem of system instability caused by fluctuations in the amount of medical waste processed in emergency medical institutions, ensuring the continuity of energy supply. Compared with a fixed-pass system, this solution can dynamically adjust the heat source utilization method according to actual operating conditions, significantly improving system adaptability and energy utilization efficiency.

[0041] In one specific embodiment, the multi-stage compression unit includes a first compressor 24, a second compressor 27, and a third compressor 30, and the working fluid is divided into two branches at the outlet of the low-temperature regenerator 23; the first branch is compressed by the first compressor 24 and then enters the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 to do work; the second branch is compressed sequentially by the first condenser 25, the second compressor 27, the second condenser 28, and the third compressor 30 and then returns to the cycle.

[0042] Specifically, the first branch initially pressurizes the working fluid through the first compressor 24. The pressurized working fluid can then be further preheated by the medium-temperature regenerator 22 and heated by the low-temperature heater 15 to increase the temperature and pressure of the working fluid entering the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19. The second branch achieves deep cooling and compression of the working fluid through two-stage condensers and two-stage compressors. The first condenser 25 and the second condenser 28 can be arranged in parallel or in series, and the cooling medium can be cooling water or other low-temperature fluids. The working fluid at the outlet of the third compressor 30 can be preheated sequentially through the low-temperature regenerator 23 and the medium-temperature regenerator 22 to recover waste heat from the system. As a preferred embodiment, the first compressor 24 and the second compressor 27 can be centrifugal compressors, and the third compressor 30 can be a reciprocating compressor to adapt to the compression requirements at different pressure stages.

[0043] Therefore, the above technical solution achieves efficient circulation of s-CO2 working fluid under different operating conditions through multi-stage compression and diversion design. The first branch directly provides the working fluid to the low-pressure turbine, shortening the process path; the second branch optimizes the working fluid state through multi-stage compression and cooling, improving circulation efficiency. The coordinated operation of the two branches allows the system to flexibly respond to load changes, while simultaneously achieving cascaded utilization of waste heat through a regenerator. Compared to a single compression path, this design reduces compression power consumption and increases the turbine's work capacity, thereby enhancing the system's rapid response capability and energy supply stability in emergency medical scenarios.

[0044] In one specific embodiment, in the bottom circulation system, the working fluid compressed in the first branch is preheated by the medium-temperature regenerator 22 and heated by the low-temperature heater 15 before entering the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19. Specifically, after the working fluid in the first branch is diverted from the outlet of the low-temperature regenerator 23, it first enters the first compressor 24 for pressurization. The pressurized working fluid then flows through the medium-temperature regenerator 22 for preheating, and the preheated working fluid enters the low-temperature heater 15 for further heating before finally being delivered to the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 for expansion and work. As a preferred embodiment, the medium-temperature regenerator 22 can utilize the high-temperature working fluid at the outlet of the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 as a heat source to preheat the working fluid in the first branch, thereby increasing the initial temperature of the working fluid before entering the low-temperature heater 15 and reducing the heat load of the low-temperature heater 15. Furthermore, the low-temperature heater 15 can use the waste heat 8 of the turbine flue gas in the top circulation system as a heat source to heat the working fluid to the required temperature at the turbine inlet through heat exchange.

[0045] To address this, the aforementioned technical solution optimizes the heating process of the working fluid in the first branch, achieving tiered utilization of waste heat resources. Specifically, the working fluid undergoes two stages before entering the low-pressure turbine: medium-temperature preheating and low-temperature heating. The medium-temperature regenerator 22 recovers some of the waste heat from the high-pressure turbine outlet working fluid, while the low-temperature heater 15 utilizes the waste heat 8 from the turbine flue gas in the top circulation system, thereby significantly improving the overall thermal efficiency of the system. Compared to using a single heater, this staged heating method allows for more precise control of the working fluid's state parameters, avoiding irreversible losses caused by excessive temperature differences. Furthermore, by rationally configuring the heat exchange area and flow channel structure of the medium-temperature regenerator 22 and the low-temperature heater 15, the working fluid can reach its optimal thermal state at the turbine inlet, thereby improving the turbine's working efficiency.

[0046] In one specific embodiment, the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 and the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 are coaxially mechanically coupled to jointly drive the bottom cycle generator 20.

[0047] Specifically, the high-pressure turbine and the low-pressure turbine are coaxially connected via a rigid coupling, with the rotors of both turbines sharing the same axis of rotation. The turbine housings are mechanically fixed using flange connections, ensuring a continuous axial force transmission path. As a preferred embodiment, the coaxial structure can employ a single-bearing support design, i.e., a shared radial bearing is installed between the two turbines, thereby reducing mechanical losses. In the working fluid flow path, the outlet of the high-pressure turbine is directly connected to the inlet of the low-pressure turbine via a flange, forming a series flow channel. The rotor of the bottom-cycle generator 20 transmits torque to the turbine output shaft via a spline, and the generator stator is bolted to the system base.

[0048] Therefore, the above technical solution optimizes the energy transfer path through coaxial mechanical coupling. The working fluid discharged from the high-pressure turbine can directly enter the low-pressure turbine to continue expanding and doing work, avoiding the pipeline pressure loss caused by the traditional split-shaft arrangement. The two turbines work together on a single generator rotor, eliminating the synchronous control problem of multiple generators operating in parallel. Specifically, when the start-up and shutdown of the medical waste incinerator 10 causes heat source fluctuations, the coaxial structure can automatically balance the power output ratio of the high- and low-pressure turbines, maintaining stable generator speed through mechanical coupling. In addition, the compact coaxial arrangement significantly reduces the equipment footprint, which is particularly important for space-constrained emergency medical institutions.

[0049] In one specific embodiment, the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 and the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 are coaxially mechanically coupled to jointly drive the bottom cycle generator 20.

[0050] Specifically, the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 and the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 are coaxially connected via a rigid coupling or gearbox, allowing their output torques to be directly superimposed. As a preferred embodiment, the turbine rotor is made of high-strength alloy steel to withstand the high temperature and pressure conditions of the s-CO2 working fluid. Furthermore, coaxial mechanical coupling can achieve power transmission via a flange or keyway structure, where the flange bolts require prestressing to ensure long-term operational stability. In addition, the bottom-cycle generator 20 can be a permanent magnet synchronous motor, with its rotor coaxially mounted with the turbine, thereby achieving efficient conversion of mechanical energy to electrical energy.

[0051] To address this, the aforementioned technical solution solves the problems of complex system structure, large space occupation, and energy transfer loss caused by traditional split-shaft arrangements by coaxially coupling the high-pressure and low-pressure turbines. The coaxial design allows the output power of both turbines to be centrally transferred to a single generator, avoiding the control difficulties associated with multiple generators in parallel. Furthermore, since the s-CO2 working fluid retains a high enthalpy value after expansion in the high-pressure turbine, secondary work performed by the low-pressure turbine improves the overall cycle efficiency. Specifically, after the working fluid at the high-pressure turbine outlet is cooled and depressurized by the regenerator, its remaining energy is fully extracted by the low-pressure turbine, thus enabling the system to achieve energy cascade utilization in a compact layout. Compared to solutions using a single turbine, this design can improve power generation efficiency by 8-12% within the same footprint, while reducing the number of rotating parts to lower maintenance costs.

[0052] In one specific embodiment, the process of providing thermal energy in the bottom circulation system includes: the waste heat 8 of turbine flue gas flows sequentially through the medium temperature heater 14, the low temperature heater 15 and the hot water heater 31, and the room temperature water 32 is heated into steam or hot water for output through the hot water heater 31.

[0053] Specifically, the waste heat 8 from the turbine flue gas first enters the medium-temperature heater 14 for preliminary heat exchange, then enters the low-temperature heater 15 for secondary heat exchange, and finally enters the hot water heater 31 to complete the heat energy conversion. As a preferred embodiment, the hot water heater 31 can be a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, in which ambient temperature water 32 flows in the tube side and high-temperature flue gas flows in the shell side, achieving efficient heat energy transfer through counter-current heat exchange. Furthermore, the output temperature of steam or hot water can be controlled by adjusting the flue gas flow rate or cooling water flow rate, for example, by using a proportional-integral-derivative controller to achieve precise temperature control.

[0054] Therefore, the above technical solution achieves the tiered utilization of turbine flue gas waste heat 8 through a multi-stage heat exchanger series arrangement. Specifically, the medium-temperature heater 14 and the low-temperature heater 15 recover medium- and low-temperature waste heat respectively, while the hot water heater 31 centrally processes the final low-temperature waste heat, significantly improving thermal energy utilization. Compared with existing technologies, this solution solves the problem of the immediate demand for steam and hot water in emergency medical institutions, while avoiding the thermodynamic losses caused by a single heat exchanger. Specifically, the tiered heat exchange reduces irreversible heat transfer losses, the independent setting of the hot water heater 31 ensures heating stability, and the adjustable temperature design meets the differentiated heating parameter requirements of medical facilities.

[0055] In one specific embodiment, the bottom circulation system provides a cooling medium for the first condenser 25 and the second condenser 28 via cooling water.

[0056] In one specific embodiment, the working process of the top circulation system includes: the top circulation intake air 1 is compressed by the air compressor 2 and then enters the gas regenerator 3 for preheating, and then burns with the fuel 4 in the combustion chamber 5 to generate high-temperature gas, which drives the gas turbine 6 to drive the top circulation generator 7 to generate electricity; the waste heat 8 of the turbine flue gas enters the medium temperature heater 14 of the bottom circulation system.

[0057] In one specific embodiment, the incinerator intake 9 supplies the air required for combustion to the medical waste incinerator 10, ensuring that the medical waste is fully burned at high temperature, forming waste heat 11 of the incinerator flue gas. The waste heat 11 of the incinerator flue gas is transferred to the high-temperature heater 17 through the thermal oil furnace 12, becoming the second heat source of the bottom circulation s-CO2 working fluid, supplementing the waste heat of the top circulation exhaust.

[0058] The working principle of this invention is as follows:

[0059] This system consists of a top circulation system and a bottom circulation system coupled together. The specific process includes power generation in the top circulation system and working fluid circulation in the bottom circulation system.

[0060] The power generation process of the top cycle system includes: the top cycle intake air 1 is pressurized by the air compressor 2 and then enters the gas regenerator 3 for preheating; the preheated air and fuel 4 are mixed and burned in the combustion chamber 5 to generate high temperature and high pressure gas to drive the gas turbine 6 to expand and do work, thereby driving the top cycle generator 7 to generate electricity; the waste heat 8 of the turbine flue gas after doing work enters the gas regenerator 3 to preheat the intake air, and then is sent to the medium temperature heater 14 of the bottom cycle system.

[0061] The working cycle of the bottom circulation system includes: when the medical waste incinerator 10 stops, the s-CO2 working fluid at the outlet of the medium-temperature heater 14 flows directly to the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 through passage a of the three-way valve 16 to do work; when the medical waste incinerator 10 is running, the working fluid enters the high-temperature heater 17 through passage b of the three-way valve 16, absorbs the heat from the waste heat 11 of the incinerator flue gas (transferred through the thermal oil heater 12), and then enters the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 to do work; the working fluid at the outlet of the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 flows sequentially through the high-temperature regenerator 21 → medium-temperature regenerator 22 → low-temperature regenerator 23 to release heat; the working fluid circulates in two branches: the first branch is pressurized by the first compressor 24 → preheated by the medium-temperature regenerator 22 → heated by the low-temperature heater 15 → drives the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 to do work; the second branch flows through the first compressor 24 → medium-temperature regenerator 22 → low-temperature heater 15 → drives the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 to do work; the second branch is pressurized by the first compressor 24 → medium-temperature regenerator 22 → low-temperature heater 15 → drives the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 to do work. The first condenser 25 cools (cooling water 26 supplies cooling water to the first condenser) → the second compressor 27 pressurizes → the second condenser 28 cools (cooling water 29 supplies cooling water to the second condenser) → the third compressor 30 pressurizes → flows sequentially through the low-temperature regenerator 23 → the medium-temperature regenerator 22 → the low-temperature heater 15 for preheating / heating → enters the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 to do work; the high-pressure s-CO2 turbine 18 and the low-pressure s-CO2 turbine 19 are coaxially mechanically coupled and jointly drive the bottom cycle generator 20 to generate electricity; heat energy supply: the waste heat 8 of the turbine flue gas flows through the medium-temperature heater 14 → the low-temperature heater 15 → the hot water heater 31 to heat the room temperature water 32 into steam / hot water for output; medical waste treatment: the incinerator intake 9 supplies oxygen to the medical waste incinerator 10, and the incineration flue gas is discharged after being treated by the flue gas purification device 13.

[0062] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "longitudinal", "lateral", "up", "down", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention.

[0063] The embodiments described above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention. Various modifications and improvements made by those skilled in the art to the technical solutions of the present invention without departing from the spirit of the present invention should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A distributed integrated energy system for an emergency medical facility, characterized by, Comprise: Top cycle system, comprising air compressor, combustion chamber, gas turbine and top cycle generator; The top cycle system provides power for emergency medical institutions; the top cycle system further comprises a gas reheater for preheating the air entering the combustion chamber with the exhaust gas of the gas turbine; Bottom cycle system, comprising medical waste incinerator, medium temperature heater, low temperature heater, high temperature heater, high temperature regenerator, medium temperature regenerator, low temperature regenerator, first condenser, second condenser, hot water heater, high pressure s-CO2 turbine, low pressure s-CO2 turbine, bottom cycle generator, three-way valve and multi-stage compression unit; the bottom cycle system provides cold, heat and power for emergency medical institutions with s-CO2 as working medium; the bottom cycle further comprises a heat conducting oil furnace, and the medical waste incinerator transmits heat to the high temperature heater through the heat conducting oil furnace; The three-way valve is provided with passage a and passage b; when the medical waste incinerator stops running, the working medium directly passes through the high pressure s-CO2 turbine through passage a; when the medical waste incinerator runs, the working medium flows through the high temperature heater and then enters the high pressure s-CO2 turbine through passage b; The multi-stage compression unit comprises first compressor, second compressor and third compressor, and the working medium is divided into two branches at the outlet of the low temperature regenerator; the first branch enters the low pressure s-CO2 turbine to do work after being compressed by the first compressor; The second branch returns to the cycle after being compressed by the first condenser, the second compressor, the second condenser and the third compressor in turn; The compressed working medium of the first branch enters the low pressure s-CO2 turbine after being preheated by the medium temperature regenerator and heated by the low temperature heater in turn; The working medium of the second branch is compressed by the third compressor, preheated by the low temperature regenerator and the medium temperature regenerator in turn, and then heated by the low temperature heater; The exhaust gas of the top cycle system serves as the heat source of the bottom cycle system, and the bottom cycle system dynamically switches the working medium path through the three-way valve to adapt to the start-stop state of the medical waste incinerator.

2. The distributed integrated energy system for an emergency medical facility according to claim 1, characterized by, Further comprising a flue gas purification device connected to the exhaust end of the medical waste incinerator, and the flue gas waste heat of the incinerator is transmitted to the high temperature heater through the heat conducting oil furnace and discharged by the flue gas purification device.

3. The distributed integrated energy system for an emergency medical facility of claim 1, wherein, The high pressure s-CO2 turbine and the low pressure s-CO2 turbine are coaxially mechanically coupled to jointly drive the bottom cycle generator.

4. The distributed integrated energy system for an emergency medical facility of claim 1, wherein, The flow of the bottom cycle system providing heat energy comprises: turbine flue gas waste heat flows through the medium temperature heater, the low temperature heater and the hot water heater in turn, and the normal temperature water is heated into steam or hot water output through the hot water heater.

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