A device for detecting air gaseous pollutants

Abstract

The application discloses a device for detecting air gaseous pollutants, which comprises a variable cross-section structure, a transmission structure and a variable wind resistance structure. The two ends of the variable cross-section structure are connected with the two transmission sections of the transmission structure, and the wind wheel connected with the driving section of the transmission structure is rotated by air flow. The shape of the variable cross-section structure is switched between a tubular shape and a spherical shape. Two telescopic pipes arranged at the two ends of the variable cross-section structure are elongated or shortened by the deformation of the variable cross-section structure. The variable wind resistance structure comprises wind resistance plates A and wind resistance plates B. A plurality of wind resistance plates A are arranged in an annular array and are inclinedly arranged in a connecting ring connected with the opposite ends of the two telescopic pipes. The plurality of wind resistance plates B are in telescopic cooperation with the plurality of wind resistance plates A by a plurality of connecting rod mechanisms on the variable wind resistance structure. The device has the advantages that the variable cross-section structure is switched from a tubular shape to a spherical shape under external high-speed air flow, the wind resistance surface of the variable wind resistance structure is increased, and the blown air flow is slowed down for detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of air gaseous pollutant detection technology, specifically to an air gaseous pollutant detection device. Background Technology

[0002] Air pollutants include particulate matter and gaseous pollutants, such as ozone, nitrogen oxides, sulfur dioxide, carbon monoxide, volatile organic compounds, heavy metals, and ammonia.

[0003] For regional air quality monitoring, air quality monitoring stations use electrochemical sensors as the detection medium to detect gaseous pollutants. The air quality monitoring stations are located outdoors, and outdoor air enters the station with the wind. The airflow comes into contact with the detection end of the electrochemical sensors, which then detect the gaseous pollutants in the incoming air. Multiple corresponding electrochemical sensors are used for different gaseous pollutants, and the air is then discharged from the air quality monitoring station.

[0004] Outdoor gas flow rates vary and can affect the detection capabilities of electrochemical sensors. Gas flow rates (>2 m / s) can compress the diffusion layer of the electrochemical sensor, increasing the response speed. However, high flow rates can also accelerate electrolyte evaporation (reducing lifespan by 30%), disrupt the gas-solid interface balance, and increase output fluctuations in the electrochemical sensor.

[0005] In view of this, we propose a detection device for gaseous air pollutants. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for detecting gaseous pollutants in the air, so as to solve the problems of shortened lifespan and increased output fluctuation of electrochemical sensors caused by accelerated electrolyte evaporation due to excessively high gas flow rate.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a detection device for gaseous air pollutants, comprising a variable cross-section structure, a transmission structure, a sensor group, and a variable wind resistance structure disposed within the casing of the detection device;

[0008] The two ends of the variable cross-section structure are connected to two transmission sections of a transmission structure with relative and opposite directions of transmission. The wind turbine, connected to the drive section of the transmission structure, is driven to rotate by the airflow. The shape of the variable cross-section structure switches between a tubular and a spherical shape. Two telescopic tubes located at both ends of the variable cross-section structure lengthen or shorten in response to the deformation of the variable cross-section structure. High-speed airflow drives the wind turbine to rotate, and the two transmission sections of the transmission structure move relative to each other, causing the two ends of the variable cross-section structure to move relative to each other. The variable cross-section structure switches from a tubular to a spherical shape, and the cross-section of the variable cross-section structure becomes larger. The airflow blown in from the telescopic tubes enters a larger space and is slowed down.

[0009] Pipes are fixed to the connecting rings at opposite ends of the two telescopic tubes, and the pipes connect to the outside of the chassis; airflow enters or exits along the pipes.

[0010] A variable air resistance structure is installed inside the telescopic tube. The variable air resistance structure includes air resistance plates A and B. Multiple air resistance plates A are arranged in a ring array and tilted within a connecting ring at opposite ends of the two telescopic tubes. In conjunction with the deformation of the variable cross-section structure, multiple air resistance plates B are connected to the multiple air resistance plates A one-to-one by a multi-link mechanism on the variable air resistance structure. When high-speed airflow enters the variable cross-section structure and passes through it, the air resistance surface of the variable air resistance structure increases as the variable cross-section structure switches from a tubular shape to a spherical shape, further reducing the velocity of the high-speed airflow.

[0011] The sensor array is located at the bottom of the variable cross-section structure, and the size of the sensors in the sensor array within the projection range of the variable wind resistance structure in the vertical direction is driven by the wind turbine.

[0012] Preferably, the variable cross-section structure includes elastic sheets and elastic membranes, with multiple elastic sheets and multiple elastic membranes alternately joined to form a cylindrical component. Both ends of the cylindrical component are fixed to connecting rings at opposite ends of two telescopic tubes. The elastic membranes are located between adjacent elastic sheets, and when the elastic sheets bend, the elastic membranes adaptably expand, exhibiting better extensibility.

[0013] The connection point with the sensor assembly is an elastic membrane. The expansion and contraction of the elastic membrane is flexible and will not affect the sensor assembly.

[0014] Preferably, the inner wall of the elastic sheet is fixed with multiple air baffles. When the airflow entering the variable cross-section structure passes through the air baffles, it is further decelerated, and when the elastic sheet bends, two adjacent air baffles come into contact with each other to form an obstruction, so the elastic sheet will not bend excessively.

[0015] Preferably, the transmission structure includes slide rails, racks, connecting shafts, gears, and connecting bars. Two slide rails are symmetrically fixed inside the housing. Two racks are slidably disposed within the grooves of the two slide rails. One end of the connecting shaft is connected to the impeller, and the other end is connected to the gear. The gear meshes with the two racks. One end of each connecting bar is connected to one of the two racks, and the other end is connected to the connecting rings at both ends of the variable wind resistance structure. When the impeller is blown by airflow, it drives the gear to rotate, causing the two racks meshing with the gear to move relative to each other, thereby causing the two connecting bars to move relative to each other.

[0016] Preferably, the rack is provided with guide bars at both the upper and lower ends, and the two guide bars slide within guide grooves corresponding to the upper and lower ends of the slide groove. As the rack slides along the slide groove, the guide bars slide along the guide grooves to limit the sliding of the rack and maintain the stability of the rack's sliding.

[0017] Preferably, the variable wind-blocking structure further includes connecting rod A and connecting rod B. One end of connecting rod A is fixed with a fixed rod, which is fixed to the connecting ring between the telescopic tube and the variable cross-section structure. The other end of connecting rod A is sleeved with a collar, on which multiple rotating shafts A are arranged in a circular array. Each of the multiple wind-blocking plates B has a rotating shaft B at its inner end. The two ends of the multiple connecting rods B are respectively connected to the multiple rotating shafts A and B. When the connecting rings at both ends of the variable cross-section structure move relative to each other, the telescopic tube stretches. At this time, the fixed rod drives the connecting rod A to move laterally, thereby driving the collar to move laterally. The connecting rod B moves laterally and tilts under the cooperation of rotating shafts A and B, thereby pulling the wind-blocking plate B out from inside the wind-blocking plate A. The wind-blocking plate A and wind-blocking plate B form a larger wind-blocking surface, further reducing the gas flow velocity.

[0018] Preferably, the wind baffle plate A has a movable groove, and the wind baffle plate B is inserted into the movable groove; the wind baffle plate B moves in and out of the wind baffle plate A along the movable groove.

[0019] Limiting grooves are provided on both sides of the movable groove, and limiting blocks are fixed on both sides of the wind baffle B. The limiting blocks slide along the limiting grooves. When the wind baffle B is pulled out from the movable groove, the limiting blocks slide along the limiting grooves, the pulling distance of the wind baffle B is limited, the wind baffle B will not detach from the wind baffle A, and it will not affect the wind baffle B being pushed back into the wind baffle A.

[0020] Preferably, the sensor assembly includes a circuit board box, a base, a connecting chamber, and an electrochemical sensor body. The circuit board box is housed within a chassis, the base is positioned above the circuit board box and fixed to it via a column, the connecting chamber is fixed to the base, and multiple electrochemical sensor body electrical connection terminals sequentially pass through holes in the base and plug into sockets on the circuit board box. The connecting chamber is connected to an elastic membrane, and the detection end of the electrochemical sensor body is located within the cavity of a variable cross-section structure. The electrochemical sensor body uses a plug-in method for electrical connection, making operation convenient.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are:

[0022] This application, by setting up a wind turbine, a variable cross-section structure, a telescopic tube, a transmission structure, and a variable wind resistance structure, has the advantages of switching the variable cross-section structure from a tubular shape to a spherical shape under high-speed external airflow, increasing the wind resistance surface of the variable wind resistance structure, and slowing down the incoming airflow for detection. This solves the problem that excessively high gas flow rate will lead to a shorter detection life of the electrochemical sensor and increased output fluctuation.

[0023] In this application, the variable cross-section structure and the variable wind resistance structure change synchronously, and the ability to reduce the speed of the incoming gas is enhanced according to the increase of gas flow velocity, so as to reduce the speed of the incoming airflow more quickly under high-speed airflow. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure before gas flow rate adjustment according to the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure after gas flow rate adjustment according to the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission structure of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the variable cross-section structure of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the variable wind resistance structure of the present invention before the change;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the variable wind resistance structure of the present invention after the change;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the variable wind resistance structure of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between wind baffle A and wind baffle B of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is an exploded schematic diagram of wind baffle A and wind baffle B of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the sensor group structure of the present invention.

[0035] In the diagram: 100, chassis; 200, variable cross-section structure; 300, transmission structure; 400, wind turbine; 500, sensor group; 600, telescopic pipe; 700, duct; 800, connecting ring; 900, variable wind resistance structure;

[0036] 201. Elastic sheet; 202. Elastic membrane; 203. Air baffle strip;

[0037] 301. Slide rail; 302. Rack; 303. Connecting shaft; 304. Gear; 305. Connecting bar;

[0038] 3011, Slide groove; 3012, Guide groove;

[0039] 3021, guide strip;

[0040] 501. Circuit board box; 502. Base; 503. Column; 504. Connecting chamber; 505. Electrochemical sensor body;

[0041] 901. Connecting rod A; 902. Fixing rod; 903. Collar; 904. Rotating shaft A; 905. Wind baffle A; 906. Wind baffle B; 907. Rotating shaft B; 908. Connecting rod B;

[0042] 9051, movable groove; 9052, limiting groove;

[0043] 9061, Limit Block. Detailed Implementation

[0044] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0045] A device for detecting gaseous air pollutants; please refer to [link / reference]. Figures 1 to 3 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 It includes a variable cross-section structure 200, a transmission structure 300, a sensor group 500, and a variable wind resistance structure 900, all housed within the detection device housing 100; the housing 100 also houses a gas collection system, an analytical instrument system, a calibration system, and a data acquisition and transmission system.

[0046] The gas acquisition system includes: multiple gas detection sensors;

[0047] The analytical instrument system includes: a gas analyzer;

[0048] The calibration system includes: a dynamic gas calibrator;

[0049] The data acquisition and transmission system includes: a data acquisition unit, an industrial control computer / server, and a data transmission unit.

[0050] The two ends of the variable cross-section structure 200 are connected to the two transmission sections of the transmission structure 300, which have relative and opposite directions of transmission. The wind turbine 400, which is connected to the drive section of the transmission structure 300, is driven to rotate by the airflow. The shape of the variable cross-section structure 200 switches between tubular and spherical. The two telescopic tubes 600 set at both ends of the variable cross-section structure 200 extend or shorten in coordination with the deformation of the variable cross-section structure 200.

[0051] High-speed airflow drives the impeller 400 to rotate. Under the action of the rotating impeller 400, the two transmission sections of the transmission structure 300 move relative to each other, causing the two ends of the variable cross-section structure 200 to move relative to each other. The variable cross-section structure 200 switches from a tubular shape to a spherical shape, and the cross-section of the variable cross-section structure 200 becomes larger. The airflow blown in from the telescopic pipe 600 enters a larger space and is slowed down.

[0052] Two telescopic tubes 600 are connected to a connecting ring 800 at opposite ends, and a pipe 700 is fixed thereon. The pipe 700 connects to the outside of the chassis 100. Airflow enters or exits along the pipe 700.

[0053] In this embodiment, the telescopic tube 600 is a corrugated pipe.

[0054] A variable air resistance structure 900 is installed inside the telescopic pipe 600. The variable air resistance structure 900 includes air resistance plates A905 and B906. Multiple air resistance plates A905 are arranged in a ring array and tilted within the connecting ring 800 connecting the opposite ends of the two telescopic pipes 600. In conjunction with the deformation of the variable cross-section structure 200, the multiple air resistance plates B906 are telescopically connected to the multiple air resistance plates A905 via a multi-link mechanism on the variable air resistance structure 900. When a high-speed airflow enters the variable cross-section structure 200 and passes through the variable air resistance structure 900, as the variable cross-section structure 200 switches from a tubular shape to a spherical shape, the air resistance surface of the variable air resistance structure 900 increases, further reducing the velocity of the high-speed airflow.

[0055] The sensor group 500 is located at the bottom of the variable cross-section structure 200, and the size of the sensor of the sensor group 500 in the vertical direction within the projection range of the wind outlet of the variable wind resistance structure 900 is driven by the wind turbine 400.

[0056] This invention, by incorporating a wind turbine 400, a variable cross-section structure 200, a telescopic tube 600, a transmission structure 300, and a variable wind resistance structure 900, has the advantages of allowing the variable cross-section structure 200 to switch from a tubular to a spherical shape under high-speed external airflow, increasing the wind resistance surface of the variable wind resistance structure 900, and slowing down the incoming airflow for detection. This solves the problem that excessively high gas flow rates can lead to shorter detection lifespan and increased output fluctuations in electrochemical sensors.

[0057] For details, please refer to Figure 5 The variable cross-section structure 200 includes elastic sheets 201 and elastic membranes 202. Multiple elastic sheets 201 and multiple elastic membranes 202 are alternately joined to form a cylindrical component. Both ends of the cylindrical component are fixed to connecting rings 800 at opposite ends of two telescopic tubes 600. The elastic membranes 202 are located between adjacent elastic sheets 201. When the elastic sheets 201 bend, the elastic membranes 202 expand adaptively, providing better extensibility.

[0058] In this embodiment, when the telescopic tube 600 is at its shortest length, the elastic plate 201 is in a slightly bent state. The elastic plate 201 abuts against the connecting rings 800 at both ends. Under normal gas flow rate, the elastic force generated by the slightly bent elastic plate 201 prevents the impeller 400 from being blown away. When the gas flow rate is too fast, the force that blows the impeller 400 is greater than the elastic force generated by the elastic plate 201, and the variable cross-section structure 200 deforms.

[0059] The sensor group 500 is electrically connected to the analytical instrument system inside the chassis 100.

[0060] In this embodiment, the connection point with the sensor group 500 is an elastic membrane 202. The expansion and contraction of the elastic membrane 202 is flexible and will not affect the sensor group 500.

[0061] In this embodiment, multiple air baffles 203 are fixed to the inner wall of the elastic sheet 201. When the airflow entering the variable cross-section structure 200 passes through the air baffles 203, it is further decelerated. After the elastic sheet 201 bends, two adjacent air baffles 203 come into contact with each other to form an obstruction, and the elastic sheet 201 will not bend excessively.

[0062] Please see Figure 4 The transmission structure 300 includes slide rails 301, racks 302, connecting shafts 303, gears 304, and connecting bars 305. Two slide rails 301 are symmetrically fixed within the housing 100. Two racks 302 are slidably disposed within the grooves 3011 of the two slide rails 301. One end of the connecting shaft 303 is connected to the impeller 400, and the other end is connected to the gear 304. The gear 304 meshes with the two racks 302. One end of each connecting bar 305 is connected to one of the two racks 302, and the other end is connected to the connecting rings 800 at both ends of the variable wind resistance structure 900. When the impeller 400 is blown by the airflow, it drives the gear 304 to rotate. The two racks 302 meshing with the gear 304 move relative to each other, thereby driving the two connecting bars 305 to move relative to each other, which in turn drives the connecting rings 800 at opposite ends of the two telescopic tubes 600 to move relative to each other, thus realizing the deformation of the variable cross-section structure 200.

[0063] In this embodiment, the connecting shaft 303 passes through the top of the chassis 100, and the connecting shaft 303 is rotatably connected to the chassis 100 through a bearing.

[0064] In this embodiment, the rack 302 and the gear 304 may be made of self-lubricating material.

[0065] In this embodiment, the connecting strip 305 is L-shaped. The transverse ends of the two L-shaped connecting strips 305 are fixed to the two racks 302 respectively, and the longitudinal ends of the two L-shaped connecting strips 305 are fixed to the top middle section of the two connecting rings 800 respectively. When the two connecting rings 800 move relative to or in opposite directions, the force point is in the middle section, which is stable.

[0066] In this embodiment, guide bars 3021 are provided at both the upper and lower ends of the rack 302. The two guide bars 3021 slide within the guide grooves 3012 corresponding to the upper and lower ends of the slide groove 3011. During the sliding process of the rack 302 along the slide groove 3011, the sliding of the rack 302 is limited by the sliding of the guide bars 3021 along the guide grooves 3012, so as to keep the rack 302 sliding stably.

[0067] Please see Figures 6 to 8 The variable wind resistance structure 900 also includes a connecting rod A901 and a connecting rod B908. One end of the connecting rod A901 is fixed with a fixing rod 902. The fixing rod 902 is fixed with a connecting ring 800 between the telescopic tube 600 and the variable cross-section structure 200. The other end of the connecting rod A901 is sleeved with a collar 903. Multiple rotating shafts A904 are arranged in a ring array on the collar 903. The inner ends of multiple wind resistance plates B906 are all provided with rotating shafts B907. The two ends of the multiple connecting rods B908 are respectively connected to the multiple rotating shafts A904 and the multiple rotating shafts B907. When the connecting rings 800 at both ends of the variable cross-section structure 200 move relative to each other, the telescopic tube 600 is stretched. At this time, the fixed rod 902 drives the connecting rod A901 to move laterally, thereby driving the collar 903 to move laterally. The connecting rod B908 moves laterally and tilts under the cooperation of the rotating shafts A904 and B907, thereby pulling the wind baffle B906 out tilted from the wind baffle A905. The wind baffle A905 and the wind baffle B906 form a larger wind-blocking surface, further reducing the gas flow rate.

[0068] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 9 to 10 The wind baffle plate A905 has a movable groove 9051, and the wind baffle plate B906 is inserted into the movable groove 9051; the wind baffle plate B906 moves in and out of the wind baffle plate A905 along the movable groove 9051, and the wind baffle plate B906 can be hidden inside the wind baffle plate A905.

[0069] In this embodiment, please refer to Figures 9 to 10 Limiting grooves 9052 are respectively provided on both sides of the movable groove 9051. One end of the limiting groove 9052 is open, and the other end located inside the limiting groove 9052 is closed. Limiting blocks 9061 are fixed on both sides of the wind baffle B906, and the limiting blocks 9061 slide along the limiting grooves 9052. When the wind baffle B906 is pulled out from the movable groove 9051, the limiting blocks 9061 slide along the limiting grooves 9052, the pulling distance of the wind baffle B906 is limited, the wind baffle B906 will not detach from the wind baffle A905, and it will not affect the wind baffle B906 being pushed back into the wind baffle A905.

[0070] Please see Figure 11The sensor assembly 500 includes a circuit board box 501, a base 502, a connecting chamber 504, and electrochemical sensor bodies 505. The circuit board box 501 is housed inside the chassis 100 and is electrically connected to the analytical instrument system. The base 502 is positioned above the circuit board box 501 and fixed to it via a column 503. The connecting chamber 504 is fixed to the base 502. Multiple electrochemical sensor bodies 505 have their electrical connection ends passing through holes in the base 502 and plugging into sockets on the circuit board box 501. The connecting chamber 504 is connected to the elastic membrane 202, and the detection end of the electrochemical sensor body 505 is located within the cavity of the variable cross-section structure 200. The electrochemical sensor bodies 505 are electrically connected via a plug-in method, making operation convenient.

[0071] In this embodiment, the electrochemical sensor body 505 includes a breathable membrane, a filter, an electrode system, an electrolyte, pins, and a housing;

[0072] The permeable membrane is located at the top detection end of the electrochemical sensor body 505, the filter is located below the permeable membrane, the electrode system is deposited on a hydrophobic permeable substrate, and the electrolyte fills the entire sensor cavity, wetting all electrodes.

[0073] Working principle: After the chassis 100 is installed outdoors and the corresponding components are installed, under non-high-speed airflow conditions, the elastic force generated by the slightly bent elastic sheet 201 abuts against the two adjacent connecting rings 800, the telescopic tube 600 is in its shortest state, and the impeller 400 will not be blown by the airflow. External airflow enters from one pipe 700, passes through one telescopic tube 600, and after passing through multiple inclined wind baffles A905 distributed in a ring, the airflow enters the tubular variable cross-section structure 200. After passing through the electrochemical sensor body 505, the airflow is detected by the detection end of the electrochemical sensor body 505, and then the airflow is discharged from another telescopic tube 600 and another pipe 700.

[0074] Under high-speed airflow, the impeller 400 is blown by the high-speed airflow. Under the action of the rotating impeller 400, the connecting shaft 303 rotates with the impeller 400, and the gear 304 also rotates. Correspondingly, the two racks 302 meshing with the gear 304 move relative to each other along the slide 301, and the guide bar 3021 moves along the guide groove 3012, causing the two connecting bars 305 to move relative to each other. The two connecting rings 800 fixed to the two connecting bars 305 move relative to each other, the elastic sheet 201 bends, and the elastic membrane 202 expands adaptively, and the variable cross-section structure 200... The tube transitions from a tubular to a spherical shape, while the telescopic tube 600 stretches. As the connecting ring 800 at the connection of the variable cross-section structure 200 moves, the fixed rod 902 drives the connecting rod A901 to move laterally, thereby driving the collar 903 to move laterally. Since the connecting ring 800 where the wind baffle A905 is located is stationary, the connecting rod B908 moves laterally and tilts under the cooperation of the rotating shafts A904 and B907, thereby tilting and pulling the wind baffle B906 out from the wind baffle A905. The wind baffle A905 and the wind baffle B906 form a larger wind-blocking surface. High-speed external airflow enters through a duct 700, passes through a telescopic pipe 600, and is slowed down after passing through baffles B906 and A905. The variable cross-section structure 200 becomes spherical and its cross-section increases, allowing the airflow blown in through the telescopic pipe 600 to enter a larger space and be slowed down. The slowed airflow is detected by the electrochemical sensor body 505, and then the airflow is discharged from another telescopic pipe 600 and another duct 700.

[0075] When the external airflow is not high speed, the variable cross-section structure 200 switches from a spherical shape to a tubular shape, the telescopic tube 600 retracts, and the wind baffle B906 is pushed back into the wind baffle A905 for use in non-high speed airflow conditions.

[0076] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A device for detecting gaseous air pollutants, characterized in that: It includes a variable cross-section structure (200), a transmission structure (300), a sensor group (500), and a variable wind resistance structure (900) installed in the housing (100) of the detection device; The two ends of the variable cross-section structure (200) are connected to the two transmission sections of the transmission structure (300) which have relative and opposite transmission directions. The wind turbine (400) connected to the drive section of the transmission structure (300) is driven to rotate by the airflow. The shape of the variable cross-section structure (200) switches between tubular and spherical. The two telescopic tubes (600) set at both ends of the variable cross-section structure (200) lengthen or shorten in coordination with the deformation of the variable cross-section structure (200). Pipes (700) are fixed on the connecting rings (800) at opposite ends of the two telescopic pipes (600), and the pipes (700) connect to the outside of the chassis (100); A variable wind-blocking structure (900) is installed inside the telescopic pipe (600). The variable wind-blocking structure (900) includes wind-blocking plate A (905) and wind-blocking plate B (906). Multiple wind-blocking plates A (905) are arranged in a ring array and tilted inside the connecting ring (800) connecting the opposite ends of the two telescopic pipes (600). With the deformation of the variable cross-section structure (200), multiple wind-blocking plates B (906) are telescopically connected to multiple wind-blocking plates A (905) one by one by the multi-link mechanism on the variable wind-blocking structure (900). The sensor group (500) is located at the bottom of the variable cross-section structure (200), and the size of the sensor of the sensor group (500) in the vertical direction within the projection range of the wind outlet of the variable wind resistance structure (900) is driven by the wind wheel (400).

2. The detection device for gaseous air pollutants according to claim 1, characterized in that: The variable cross-section structure (200) includes elastic sheets (201) and elastic membranes (202). Multiple elastic sheets (201) and multiple elastic membranes (202) are alternately connected to form a cylindrical component. The two ends of the cylindrical component are respectively fixed to the connecting rings (800) at opposite ends of two telescopic tubes (600). Among them, the connection point with the sensor group (500) is an elastic membrane (202).

3. The detection device for gaseous air pollutants according to claim 2, characterized in that: Multiple air-blocking strips (203) are fixed to the inner wall of the elastic sheet (201).

4. The detection device for gaseous air pollutants according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission structure (300) includes a slide rail (301), a rack (302), a connecting shaft (303), a gear (304), and a connecting bar (305). The two slide rails (301) are symmetrically fixed inside the housing (100). The two racks (302) are slidably disposed in the grooves (3011) of the two slide rails (301). One end of the connecting shaft (303) is connected to the wind turbine (400), and the other end is connected to the gear (304). The gear (304) meshes with the two racks (302). One end of the two connecting bars (305) is connected to the two racks (302), and the other end is connected to the connecting rings (800) at both ends of the variable wind resistance structure (900).

5. The detection device for gaseous air pollutants according to claim 4, characterized in that: The rack (302) is provided with guide bars (3021) at both the upper and lower ends, and the two guide bars (3021) slide in the guide grooves (3012) opened at the upper and lower ends of the slide groove (3011), respectively.

6. The detection device for gaseous air pollutants according to claim 4, characterized in that: The variable wind resistance structure (900) further includes a connecting rod A (901) and a connecting rod B (908). One end of the connecting rod A (901) is fixed with a fixing rod (902). The fixing rod (902) is fixed with a connecting ring (800) between the telescopic tube (600) and the variable cross-section structure (200). The other end of the connecting rod A (901) is sleeved with a collar (903). Multiple rotating shafts A (904) are arranged in a ring array on the collar (903). The inner ends of multiple wind resistance plates B (906) are all provided with rotating shafts B (907). The two ends of the multiple connecting rods B (908) are respectively connected to multiple rotating shafts A (904) and multiple rotating shafts B (907).

7. The detection device for gaseous air pollutants according to claim 6, characterized in that: The wind baffle plate A (905) has a movable groove (9051), and the wind baffle plate B (906) is inserted into the movable groove (9051); Among them, limit grooves (9052) are respectively opened on both sides of the active groove (9051), and limit blocks (9061) are respectively fixed on both sides of the wind baffle plate B (906). The limit blocks (9061) slide along the limit grooves (9052).

8. The detection device for gaseous air pollutants according to claim 2, characterized in that: The sensor assembly (500) includes a circuit board box (501), a base (502), a connecting chamber (504), and an electrochemical sensor body (505). The circuit board box (501) is disposed inside the chassis (100). The base (502) is disposed above the circuit board box (501) and fixed to the circuit board box (501) by a column (503). The connecting chamber (504) is fixed on the base (502). The electrical connection ends of multiple electrochemical sensor bodies (505) pass through holes on the base (502) in sequence and are plugged into sockets on the circuit board box (501). The connecting chamber (504) is connected to the elastic membrane (202), and the detection end of the electrochemical sensor body (505) is located inside the cavity of the variable cross-section structure (200).

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