Battery pack

Abstract

The battery pack comprises a battery module, a shell and a direct cooling plate, the shell is provided with a containing cavity for containing the battery module, the direct cooling plate is arranged at the bottom of the containing cavity, the direct cooling plate is provided with a placement area and a vacant area, the battery module is arranged in the placement area, and the vacant area is used for being in contact with air in the containing cavity. Flow channels are formed in the direct cooling plate, the flow channels are used for cooling liquid to flow, the flow channels are distributed in the placement area and the vacant area, and the technical problems that an existing refrigerant direct cooling heat dissipation system is uneven in heat dissipation effect and insufficient in heat dissipation efficiency are solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of battery heat dissipation, and in particular to a battery pack. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the rapid development of high-power intensive equipment such as new energy vehicles and power storage systems, the core components of the battery will continuously generate a large amount of heat during operation. If the heat cannot be dissipated in time and effectively, it will lead to performance degradation, shortened service life, and even safety risks such as thermal runaway. Therefore, building an efficient and reliable thermal management system has become one of the key technologies to ensure stable operation.

[0003] In recent years, the refrigerant direct cooling thermal management system has been widely used in battery packs and module controllers due to its high heat transfer efficiency, fast response speed, and compact structure. By directly contacting the heat source, the system can achieve rapid heat exchange and control the working temperature of the core components.

[0004] However, the existing refrigerant direct cooling system still has some problems in actual operation. Since the refrigerant direct cooling system dissipates heat by directly contacting the heat source, it will cause cooling differences between the non-contact area and the heat exchange area, easily forming a significant temperature difference zone, causing thermal load imbalance between the system components. Moreover, due to the limited area of the contact heat exchange region, the cooling effect may not meet the overall heat dissipation requirements.

[0005] Therefore, how to optimize the refrigerant direct cooling thermal management system and improve its heat dissipation uniformity and overall heat transfer efficiency has become a technical problem that needs to be solved in the field. SUMMARY

[0006] One object of the present application is to provide a battery pack that aims to solve the technical problems of uneven heat dissipation and insufficient heat dissipation efficiency of the existing refrigerant direct cooling heat dissipation system.

[0007] To achieve the above-mentioned object, one scheme provided by the present application is as follows: a battery pack, comprising a battery module; a shell having a receiving cavity for accommodating the battery module; a direct cooling plate arranged at the bottom of the receiving cavity, the direct cooling plate being provided with a placement area and a vacant area, the battery module being arranged in the placement area, the vacant area being used for contacting air in the receiving cavity, the direct cooling plate being provided with a flow channel for cooling liquid flow, the flow channel being distributed in the placement area and the vacant area.

[0008] Optionally, the area of the placement area is S1, the area of the vacant area is S2, and the relationship 3S2≤S1≤6S2 is satisfied.

[0009] Optionally, the battery pack further comprises a fan arranged in the receiving cavity.

[0010] Optionally, the battery pack further comprises a heat exchange element, the heat exchange element is arranged in the accommodating cavity, and the heat exchange element and the empty area of the direct cooling plate surround a heat exchange cavity, and the heat exchange element is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, and the fan is arranged at the air inlet or the air outlet.

[0011] Optionally, the air inlet is arranged at one side of the heat exchange element close to the battery module, and the fan is connected to the heat exchange element to cover the air inlet.

[0012] Optionally, the accommodation area is arranged around the empty area.

[0013] Optionally, the air inlets are evenly arranged along the circumference of the empty area, and the fan is connected to the heat exchange element to cover the air outlet.

[0014] Optionally, the air outlet is arranged at one end of the heat exchange element away from the direct cooling plate.

[0015] Optionally, the heat exchange element is arranged between the battery module and the direct cooling plate.

[0016] Optionally, the air outlet has a plurality of air outlets, and the plurality of air outlets are evenly distributed on the heat exchange element.

[0017] Optionally, the empty area is arranged at one side or multiple sides of the battery module.

[0018] Optionally, the battery pack further comprises a fin structure, the fin structure is arranged at the empty area and connected to the direct cooling plate, and the fin structure is used for contacting the air flow for heat exchange.

[0019] The beneficial effects of the present application are: Compared with the refrigerant direct cooling system in the prior art, which only contacts the bottom of the battery module through the direct cooling plate for heat dissipation, the present application divides the direct cooling plate into an accommodation area and an empty area, forms a heat exchange interface between the empty area and the cavity air, and constructs an indirect cooling path from the refrigerant to the direct cooling plate to the air to the battery module, thereby realizing double mechanism collaborative heat exchange. On the one hand, the accommodation area realizes rapid cooling of the bottom of the battery module, meeting the main heat dissipation demand; on the other hand, the empty area indirectly cools the non-bottom area of the battery module through air, significantly improving the heat exchange uniformity and coverage. Thus, the cooling effect surface is effectively expanded, the local overheating risk is reduced, and the overall heat dissipation efficiency and the uniformity of the heat dissipation effect are improved. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the drawings needed in the following embodiment or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0021] Figure 1 is a whole schematic view of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 is a structural schematic view of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 is a structural schematic view of another battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 4 is a sectional schematic view of another battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 5 is a partial structural schematic view of another battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 6 is a partial structural schematic view of another battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application; Figure 7 is a structural schematic view of a direct cooling plate provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0022] Explanation of reference numerals: 10, battery module; 20, shell; 21, accommodating cavity; 30, direct cooling plate; 31, arrangement area; 32, empty area; 40, heat exchange member; 41, heat exchange cavity; 42, air inlet; 43, air outlet; 50, fan; 60, fin structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0024] It should be noted that all directionality indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.) in the embodiments of the present application are only used to explain the relative positional relationship, movement condition, etc. between components in a certain specific posture, and if the specific posture changes, the directionality indications also change accordingly.

[0025] It should also be noted that when an element is referred to as being “fixed to” or “set on” another element, it can be directly on the other element or can have a middle element. When an element is referred to as being “connected to” another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or can be indirectly connected to the other element through a middle element.

[0026] Please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , Figure 1 is a whole schematic view of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 2is a structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application.

[0027] The present embodiment provides a battery pack to improve the problem of uneven heat dissipation and insufficient heat dissipation efficiency in a direct cooling system. The battery pack includes a battery module 10, a shell 20, and a direct cooling plate 30 arranged inside the shell 20. The shell 20 has an accommodation cavity 21 for accommodating the battery module 10, and the accommodation cavity 21 is a closed structure to isolate the interference of the external environment and form a controlled heat exchange space.

[0028] The direct cooling plate 30 is arranged at the bottom region of the accommodation cavity 21, and the upper surface thereof is divided into two independent functional regions: one is a placement region 31 for placing the battery module 10 and directly in thermal contact with the lower surface thereof; and the other is a vacant region 32 which is not directly arranged with the battery module 10 and remains in an exposed state and in contact with the air inside the accommodation cavity 21 to form a basic heat exchange interface. The direct cooling plate 30 has a cooling liquid flow channel arranged therethrough, covering the placement region 31 and the vacant region 32, for guiding the continuous flow of the coolant between the two regions, thereby forming an overall heat exchange path of the coolant at the bottom of the structure.

[0029] In this embodiment, a double-mechanism cooperative heat exchange structure is adopted: in the placement region 31, the coolant directly forms high-efficiency heat exchange with the bottom of the battery module 10 through the flow channel, realizing the main heat transfer; and in the vacant region 32, the coolant exchanges heat with the air inside the shell 20, transferring the cold energy to the cavity air. The air inside the accommodation cavity 21 contacts the side and upper surface of the battery module 10 under the action of heat diffusion, thereby realizing indirect cooling. That is, the vacant region 32 exchanges heat with the air, and then the air exchanges heat with the non-bottom region (such as the side and top) of the battery module 10, forming a heat transfer path of coolant-direct cooling plate 30-air-battery module 10.

[0030] The two heat exchange mechanisms are complementary: on the one hand, the high heat flux density region (bottom) of the battery module 10 is quickly cooled through the direct cooling placement region 31, meeting the main heat dissipation demand; on the other hand, the indirect air cooling mechanism brought by the vacant region 32 can effectively compensate for the heat dissipation blind area in the corner and upper surface regions of the traditional direct cooling scheme, thereby significantly improving the heat dissipation uniformity of the system. At the same time, the side and upper surface of the battery module 10 which originally do not participate in heat exchange are brought into the cooling range, effectively expanding the heat release channel and improving the overall heat exchange area, so that the heat dissipation efficiency of the overall system is improved.

[0031] In some optimized embodiments, in order to achieve a balance between the two heat exchange mechanisms, the area of the installed area 31 and the vacant area 32 on the direct cooling plate 30 needs to meet a specific area ratio relationship. Specifically, the area of the installed area 31 is S1, that is, the area directly in contact with the battery module 10 and performing main heat dissipation; the area of the vacant area 32 is S2, that is, the area not in contact with the battery module 10 and dedicated to heat exchange with the cavity air. Both satisfy the following relationship: 3S2≤S1≤6S2.

[0032] The installed area 31 undertakes the main heat transfer task, is used to quickly absorb most of the heat generated at the bottom of the battery module 10, and therefore needs to have sufficient area to cover the heat source area of the main body of the battery module 10, so as to ensure the direct heat exchange efficiency. The vacant area 32 as an auxiliary heat dissipation unit, its function is to improve the temperature uniformity and heat dissipation coverage range by cooling the air, and then indirectly exchanging heat with the upper or side part of the battery module 10 through the air. Therefore, although the vacant area 32 is not the main heat dissipation area, it also needs to have a certain scale to accommodate sufficient coolant flow channels and form an effective heat exchange interface with the cavity air.

[0033] In the present embodiment, S1≥3S2 is to ensure that the main heat exchange function is not weakened. If the area of the installed area 31 is too small, the cooling capacity of the coolant is mainly concentrated in the vacant area 32, which causes the core heat generating area of the battery module 10 to be unable to obtain sufficient cold, directly affecting the heat dissipation efficiency and safety. And S1≤6S2 is to avoid the area of the vacant area 32 being too small, thereby reducing the air heat exchange capacity, failing to form an effective indirect cooling channel, causing the hot air inside the cavity to be unable to be quickly cooled, and finally forming a temperature difference accumulation, affecting the system temperature control uniformity.

[0034] As an implementation manner, the battery pack further includes a fan 50 structure arranged in the containing cavity 21, which is used to further enhance the flowability of the air inside the cavity, and improve the heat exchange efficiency between the air and the battery module 10 and the vacant area 32. The fan 50 can be arranged on the side wall, above, or adjacent to the vacant area 32 in the containing cavity 21, so as to guide the cooling air to circulate and flow inside the cavity.

[0035] After the fan 50 is started, it can actively drive the cavity air to flow around the battery module 10, so that the low-temperature air cooled by the vacant area 32 of the direct cooling plate 30 can quickly spread to the side and upper areas of the battery module 10, thereby accelerating the air heat exchange speed and improving the indirect cooling efficiency. Compared with the air flow form relying completely on natural convection, the controlled forced convection formed by the fan 50 can significantly improve the air heat diffusion capacity, reduce the temperature difference gradient in the cavity, and strengthen the role of the auxiliary heat dissipation path.

[0036] Further, please refer to Figures 3 to 5 , Figure 3is another structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 4 is another structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application, Figure 5 is another structural schematic diagram of a battery pack provided by an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the battery pack further comprises a heat exchange member 40 arranged in the accommodating cavity 21 and surrounding the empty area 32 of the direct cooling plate 30 to form a relatively independent heat exchange cavity 41. The heat exchange member 40 is sealed and matched with the area opposite to the surface empty area 32 of the direct cooling plate 30, thereby defining a closed space, which is the heat exchange cavity 41 for heat transfer between the coolant and the air.

[0037] The heat exchange member 40 is provided with an air inlet 42 and an air outlet 43 for guiding the air in the cavity to flow into the heat exchange cavity 41 and flow out, thereby constructing a controlled air circulation path. The fan 50 is used to drive the air to flow through the heat exchange cavity 41 along a specific path to achieve forced air circulation. In the actual structure, the fan 50 is arranged at the air inlet 42 to provide positive pressure air supply, and arranged at the air outlet 43 to form negative pressure air extraction.

[0038] In this embodiment, the fan 50 drives the air to flow through the heat exchange cavity 41 surrounded by the heat exchange member 40, so that the coolant in the empty area 32 of the direct cooling plate 30 rapidly takes away the heat of the air, and the cold air is diffused to the non-contact area of the battery module 10 for heat exchange. Therefore, the response speed and heat transfer capacity of the air indirect heat exchange path are effectively improved. In addition, the heat exchange cavity 41 forms a flow field isolation area for air heat exchange to a certain extent, reduces the interference of other components in the cavity to the cold air flow, concentrates and guides the air flow path, forms a stable and controlled convection environment, and improves the heat exchange efficiency.

[0039] In some optimized embodiments, the empty area 32 is arranged at one side or multiple sides of the battery module 10, such as the left side, the right side, or the front and back sides of the battery module 10, or even in a part of the embodiment to form a surrounding arrangement, so as to achieve more comprehensive heat exchange coverage.

[0040] In this embodiment, by arranging the empty area 32 at the side or even multiple sides of the battery module 10, the cooling air can act on the side or top of the battery module 10 more quickly and efficiently, which helps to alleviate the heat accumulation problem of the edge area of the battery module 10 and improve the uniformity of temperature distribution. At the same time, the clear definition of the position of the empty area 32 also makes the functional control of the system more controllable, which is convenient for corresponding optimization of the heat exchange member 40, the fan 50 and the like.

[0041] On this basis, as a further improved scheme, in some embodiments, the air inlet 42 of the heat exchange member 40 is arranged on the side close to the battery module 10, and the fan 50 is directly connected with the heat exchange member 40 and covers the outside of the air inlet 42, forming a heat exchange structure with directional air flow driving. The fan 50 can extract high-temperature air from the heat source area of the battery module 10, make it flow into the heat exchange cavity 41 quickly, and guide it to the cold surface of the vacant area 32 for heat exchange, thereby improving the heat exchange reaction efficiency.

[0042] The fan 50 is arranged at the air inlet 42, and the air is sent by positive pressure, which has stronger active control ability of air flow than the negative pressure suction mode of arranging the fan 50 at the air outlet 43. On the one hand, this layout helps to enhance the stability of the air flow adhering to the cold surface of the vacant area 32, and improve the heat exchange efficiency during air heat exchange; on the other hand, the air inlet 42 close to the battery module 10 is arranged, so that the hot air is introduced into the heat exchange channel at the initial stage of temperature rise, thereby inhibiting the diffusion and accumulation of heat inside the cavity.

[0043] In addition, please refer to Figure 6 , Figure 6 is another partial structure diagram of a battery pack provided by the embodiment of the present application. In some optimized embodiments, the arrangement area 31 is arranged in a surrounding manner at the periphery of the vacant area 32, that is, the battery module 10 is arranged around the heat exchange member 40. Specifically, the upper surface of the direct cooling plate 30 is divided into a central region and an edge region, wherein the central region is used as the vacant area 32, and is used for forming the heat exchange cavity 41 together with the heat exchange member 40. The continuous arrangement area 31 is formed along the outer peripheral edge of the vacant area 32, and is used for the direct thermal contact between the battery module 10 and the direct cooling plate 30 for cooling.

[0044] By arranging the heat exchange member 40 in the center of the array of the battery module 10, the heat exchange cavity 41 can form a heat exchange path with the faces of the plurality of battery modules 10 in a relatively equidistant and symmetrical manner, and the cooled air can flow from the central vacant area 32 to the periphery, forming a convection mode of outward radiation flow from the center or inward aggregation flow, thereby improving the coverage range and heat exchange uniformity of the air in the entire cavity. At the same time, compared with the single-side arrangement, the edge or corner heat accumulation phenomenon is alleviated. In addition, under this layout, the heat exchange member 40 and the auxiliary components such as the air duct and the fan 50 are more concentrated in space, which can save space and be used to accommodate more battery modules 10.

[0045] Further, on the basis of the battery module 10 being arranged around the heat exchange member 40, as an optimized embodiment, the air inlets 42 are uniformly arranged along the circumference of the empty area 32, that is, a plurality of air inlets 42 are distributed in a ring shape around the periphery of the heat exchange member 40 to introduce hot air from the outer ring area formed by the battery module 10; and the fan 50 is connected with the heat exchange member 40 and covers the air outlet 43 to uniformly drive the airflow from the plurality of air inlets 42 into the heat exchange cavity 41 and centrally discharge the cooled air.

[0046] In the present embodiment, the airflow path is further optimized by uniformly arranging the air inlets 42 along the circumference of the empty area 32, so that the hot air released by the battery module 10 on each side can be introduced into the heat exchange cavity 41 from multiple directions simultaneously, effectively alleviating the problem of uneven cooling caused by inconsistent temperature rise rates in different directions. The fan 50 is arranged on the side of the air outlet 43 and connected with the heat exchange member 40 to form an exhaust unit, which can form a directional and negative pressure driven airflow in the entire heat exchange cavity 41. The hot air flows into the cavity from the circumferential air inlets 42, and after sufficient heat exchange with the coolant below the empty area 32, it is uniformly extracted by the fan 50, effectively improving the continuity of air flow and the integrity of cooling. Compared with the positive pressure mode in which the fan 50 is arranged at the air inlet 42, this negative pressure suction mode is suitable for centralized airflow organization structure with multiple air inlets and a single air outlet.

[0047] Preferably, in some optimized embodiments, the air outlet 43 is arranged at one end of the heat exchange member 40 away from the direct cooling plate 30, that is, near the top area of the containing cavity 21. The hot air in the heat exchange cavity 41 is cooled after heat exchange with the coolant above the empty area 32, becoming cold air with relatively high density. At this time, if the air outlet 43 is arranged at the upper part of the heat exchange member 40 near the top of the containing cavity 21, the cold air will naturally sink under the action of gravity after being discharged from the heat exchange cavity 41, flowing from top to bottom inside the containing cavity 21, and finally covering the upper surface and side wall area of the battery module 10. Since the upper and edge areas of the battery module 10 are usually difficult to be directly heat-exchanged by the direct cooling plate 30, this top-to-bottom cold air sinking process optimizes the efficiency and directionality of the heat exchange path, and also supplements the shortcomings of the traditional bottom cooling structure in the heat dissipation coverage range, which helps to reduce the overall temperature difference of the battery module 10 and improve the temperature distribution uniformity.

[0048] In addition, by arranging the air outlet 43 at the top of the heat exchange member 40, the hot air enters the heat exchange cavity 41 from the air inlets 42, is cooled and discharged from the top air outlet 43, and the cold air gradually sinks in the cavity and forms a slow and stable circulation around the battery module 10, thereby completing the natural airflow circulation without relying on additional air duct guidance, avoiding the space occupation and design difficulty brought by complex air ducts or flow guiding structures.

[0049] In some embodiments, the heat exchange member 40 and the battery module 10 are arranged in a spaced manner, i.e., they are not in direct contact in structure, but a certain gap space is reserved therebetween. By forming an air flow channel between the outer wall of the heat exchange member 40 and the battery module 10, not only the air flow permeability is improved, but also the local overheating risk caused by local air resistance accumulation is effectively avoided.

[0050] The heat exchange member 40 is usually arranged above the empty area 32 of the direct cooling plate 30, and the battery module 10 is arranged around the periphery thereof. If they are arranged in close contact, it may cause the air flow to be limited when entering the heat exchange cavity 41, the gas channel to be narrowed, and the air flow speed to be slowed down, thereby reducing the efficiency of hot air entering the heat exchange cavity 41 and affecting the overall heat exchange reaction speed. By arranging a reasonable gap, a smoother inflow path can be provided for the high-temperature air.

[0051] Moreover, if there is no gap between the heat exchange member 40 and the battery module 10, and they are locally in contact, the air flow in this region will be hindered, forming an air flow dead angle. Since it is difficult for cooling air to enter this position, the heat is difficult to be taken away in time, and overheating accumulation phenomenon is easy to occur here, which may cause potential thermal damage to the side wall or connecting part of the battery module 10. By reserving a gap, the continuous flow boundary of air is formed around the periphery of the heat exchange member 40, which also promotes the heat exchange smoothness of the side wall region, and avoids local overheating.

[0052] Further, in some embodiments, the number of air outlets 43 is multiple, and these air outlets 43 are uniformly distributed on the shell of the heat exchange member 40, so as to improve the balance and exhaust efficiency of the overall air flow. If the heat exchange member 40 is provided with only a single air outlet 43, all the cooled air will be discharged through this single point, which not only causes the air flow speed to be too high and the air pressure to rise, but also easily causes the air flow in the heat exchange cavity 41 to be uneven, forming a stagnant flow region, and affecting the overall heat exchange uniformity.

[0053] Compared with single-point discharge, in the present embodiment, multiple air outlets 43 are arranged on the heat exchange member 40 and uniformly distributed along the outer surface thereof, so that the cooled air in the heat exchange cavity 41 can be discharged synchronously from multiple directions, avoiding single-point overload and internal pressure difference. At the same time, the arrangement of multiple air outlets 43 can also shorten the residence time of hot air in the cavity, prevent the cooled air from stagnating and accumulating in the cavity, and improve the air update rate and heat exchange response speed of the system. In addition, according to specific application requirements, the fan 50 can be arranged at one or more air outlets 43, forming a composite exhaust mode of directional air extraction or multi-point air exhaust, further improving the controllability of air flow.

[0054] In addition, please refer to Figure 7 , Figure 7is a structural schematic diagram of a direct cooling plate 30 provided by an embodiment of the present application. In some embodiments, the battery pack further comprises a fin structure 60, which is in thermal contact with the upper surface of the direct cooling plate 30 and is distributed in the empty area 32. The fin structure 60 serves as an auxiliary structure for enhancing heat exchange, and its main function is to increase the heat exchange interface area between the coolant and the air, and to improve the heat exchange rate of the air during the flow through the empty area 32.

[0055] The fin structure 60 can adopt a high specific surface area structure such as a sheet, a corrugated shape or a needle, and is vertically or obliquely installed in a regular array manner on the empty area 32. Each fin is connected with the surface of the direct cooling plate 30, and the surface temperature of the fin is kept at a low level through heat conduction. When the hot air in the containing cavity 21 flows over the empty area 32 under the action of the fan 50 or natural convection, the hot air will be in full contact with the fins and exchange heat, so as to be quickly cooled. Due to the large number of fins, the dense distribution and the large surface area, compared with the heat exchange on the surface of the direct cooling plate 30 alone, the heat exchange contact area of the air is significantly increased, the heat transfer process is more sufficient, and the cooling efficiency of the unit volume airflow is greatly improved. In addition, the fins themselves have a certain flow guiding effect, which can make the air flow path more uniform and smooth, and avoid the occurrence of turbulent flow. In terms of material selection, the fins can be preferably made of high-thermal-conductivity metal materials (such as aluminum or copper) to ensure the cooling efficiency.

[0056] In addition, the descriptions involving "first", "second" and the like in the present application are only for the purpose of description, and cannot be understood as indicating or implying the relative importance of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features defined as "first" and "second" can explicitly or implicitly include at least one of the features. In addition, the technical solutions of various embodiments can be combined with each other, but it must be based on the realization of a person skilled in the art, and when the combination of technical solutions appears to be contradictory or unachievable, it should be considered that the combination of technical solutions does not exist, and is not within the protection scope required by the present application.

[0057] The above description is only the preferred embodiments of the present application, and does not limit the patent scope of the present application. Any equivalent structural transformation made by using the content of the present application specification and drawings, or direct / indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the patent protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A battery pack, characterized in that, include: Battery module; The housing has a cavity for accommodating the battery module; A direct cooling plate is disposed at the bottom of the receiving cavity. The direct cooling plate is provided with a placement area and an empty area. The battery module is disposed in the placement area. The empty area is used to contact the air in the receiving cavity. A flow channel is opened in the direct cooling plate for the flow of coolant. The flow channel is distributed in the placement area and the empty area.

2. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The area of ​​the resettlement area is S1, and the area of ​​the vacant area is S2, satisfying the relationship: 3S2≤S1≤6S2.

3. The battery pack according to claim 1, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a fan disposed within the receiving cavity.

4. The battery pack according to claim 3, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a heat exchanger, which is disposed in the receiving cavity and forms a heat exchange cavity with the empty area of ​​the direct cooling plate. The heat exchanger has an air inlet and an air outlet, and the fan is disposed at the air inlet or the air outlet.

5. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The air inlet is located on the side of the heat exchanger close to the battery module, and the fan is connected to the heat exchanger and covers the air inlet.

6. The battery pack according to claim 4, characterized in that, The resettlement area is situated around the vacant area.

7. The battery pack according to claim 6, characterized in that, The air inlets are evenly arranged around the circumference of the vacant area, and the fan and the heat exchanger are connected to seal the air outlet.

8. The battery pack according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, The air outlet is located at the end of the heat exchanger that is away from the direct cooling plate.

9. The battery pack according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, The heat exchanger is spaced apart from the battery module.

10. The battery pack according to any one of claims 4 to 7, characterized in that, There are multiple air outlets, and the multiple air outlets are evenly distributed at intervals on the heat exchanger.

11. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The vacant area is located on one or more sides of the battery module.

12. The battery pack according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, The battery pack also includes a fin structure, which is disposed in the vacant area and connected to the direct cooling plate. The fin structure is used to contact the airflow for heat exchange.

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