Internet of Things gateway transmission method and system based on lims integration

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of local area network data secure transmission, and discloses an Internet of Things gateway transmission method and system based on lims integration, and the method comprises a data collection and transmission step, a data distribution and analysis step, and a data display and analysis step. The system applies the method. According to the application, the data transmission path is optimized through the MQTT protocol and the QoS mechanism, the packet loss rate is reduced, and the concurrent processing capability is improved; protocol decoupling is realized through the Internet of Things platform, and multi-protocol access and flexible expansion are realized; through an end-to-end encryption and equipment identity authentication mechanism, data transmission security and access control are ensured; and through a data standardization and active subscription mechanism, the interface development complexity is reduced, and real-time pushing and display of the data are realized. By adopting the method and the device, the technical problems of low transmission efficiency, difficulty in system expansion, poor safety, complexity in LIMS integration and the like in the prior art can be effectively solved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application relates to the technical field of local area network data security transmission, and particularly relates to an Internet of Things gateway transmission method and system based on lims integration. BACKGROUND

[0002] In an existing direct transmission system of data based on a traditional local area network (LAN) and an external network, a local area network device directly establishes a connection (such as an HTTP / TCP protocol) with an external network server through a dedicated gateway, and uploads data to a cloud database in real time. A laboratory information management system (LIMS) reads data from the cloud database through a customized interface and performs visual display. The technology has the following shortcomings and deficiencies:

[0003] (1) Data transmission efficiency and stability problems

[0004] The transmission protocol is redundant, and when the HTTP / TCP protocol is directly used to transmit high-frequency data, the header overhead is large, the bandwidth utilization rate is low, and when a large number of devices are concurrently transmitted, network congestion occurs. There is a lack of message queue buffering, the data loss rate is high, and network jitter can easily cause transmission interruption, and the reliable delivery of critical data cannot be guaranteed.

[0005] (2) System compatibility and expansion limitations

[0006] The protocol coupling degree is high, the gateway needs to customize the communication protocol (such as Modbus, OPCUA, etc.) for each type of device, and when a new device is added, an adaptive module needs to be frequently developed. The cloud service is highly dependent, and data is directly stored in a specific cloud database, and if the service of the manufacturer is terminated or the interface is changed, the system needs to be restructured.

[0007] (3) Data security and privacy risks

[0008] End-to-end encryption is missing, only part of the link is encrypted (such as TLS) during data transmission, and data between the gateway and the cloud is easily eavesdropped or tampered with. The permission management is coarse-grained, and the LIMS system lacks fine-grained permission control when calling data, and there is a risk of unauthorized access.

[0009] (4) High complexity of LIMS integration

[0010] The interface customization cost is high, the LIMS needs to develop an independent interface for each data source, the maintenance cost is high and the compatibility is poor. The real-time performance is insufficient, and the synchronization of data from the cloud to the LIMS relies on manual triggering or fixed period pulling, and cannot meet the real-time monitoring requirements.

[0011] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a high-reliability local area network data security transmission technology. SUMMARY

[0012] The application aims to provide an Internet of Things gateway transmission method and system based on LIMS integration to solve the technical problems in the background art.

[0013] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the application discloses the following technical solutions:

[0014] In a first aspect, the application discloses an Internet of Things gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration, which comprises the following steps:

[0015] Data acquisition and transmission step: original data of experimental equipment is acquired through a local area network device, and the original data is pushed to an external network MQTT middleware through an MQTT protocol of a local area network gateway, wherein the MQTT protocol performs data transmission based on a pre-set quality of service level;

[0016] Data distribution and analysis step: the MQTT middleware distributes the original data to an Internet of Things platform according to a dynamic subscription topic rule, the Internet of Things platform standardizes, cleans and stores the original data, and generates a standardized data format meeting the requirements of a LIMS system;

[0017] Data display and analysis step: the LIMS system actively subscribes to and receives the standardized data by calling a public interface provided by the Internet of Things platform, and displays and analyzes experimental data in real time;

[0018] In the data transmission process in the data acquisition and transmission step, the data distribution and analysis step and the data display and analysis step, end-to-end encryption and device identity authentication are used for data security disposal.

[0019] As a preferred embodiment, the Internet of Things platform standardizes the original data, which comprises the following steps:

[0020] The original data is converted into a universal data format;

[0021] Abnormal data is marked or cleaned;

[0022] The processed data is stored in a hybrid database, which comprises a time series database and a relational database.

[0023] As a preferred embodiment, the time series database is TDengine capable of efficiently storing massive time series data, and the relational database is PostgreSQL capable of complex queries.

[0024] As a preferred embodiment, the public interface provided by the Internet of Things platform is a RESTful API interface.

[0025] As preferred, the RESTful API interface can be compatible with the docking requirements of mainstream LIMS system manufacturers across platforms.

[0026] As preferred, the dynamic subscription topic rule is implemented through the subscription and publishing model of MQTT; the dynamic subscription topic rule includes:

[0027] Topic naming rule: the name of the MQTT topic is dynamically generated based on the device identity information, and each device or user has an independent topic path by embedding the unique identifier of the device or user;

[0028] Dynamic subscription mechanism: the Internet of Things platform or the LIMS system dynamically subscribes to the corresponding MQTT topic according to the request of the device or user;

[0029] Device-level isolation mechanism: the data of each device is transmitted through its exclusive MQTT topic, and other devices cannot access the MQTT topic;

[0030] User-level isolation mechanism: different users or laboratories can only subscribe to the MQTT topic within their permission range;

[0031] Permission verification mechanism: before subscribing to the MQTT topic, the MQTT middleware verifies the legality of the subscription request through device identity authentication, and only allows authorized devices or users to subscribe to the corresponding MQTT topic.

[0032] As preferred, the standardized data format includes:

[0033] The data field is unified as a laboratory standard parameter;

[0034] The data storage format adopts a lightweight data exchange format or an extensible markup language.

[0035] As preferred, the Internet of Things platform cleans the raw data, including the following steps:

[0036] Interpolation processing or marking as an exception is performed on missing values;

[0037] Filtering or marking is performed on abnormal values exceeding a preset threshold;

[0038] Standardized conversion is performed on fields with inconsistent data formats.

[0039] In a second aspect, the present application discloses an Internet of Things gateway transmission system based on LIMS integration, which applies the Internet of Things gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration as described above, and the system includes a local area network device, a local area network gateway, an MQTT middleware, an Internet of Things platform, a LIMS system, and a security and redundancy design module.

[0040] The local area network device is used to collect raw data of experimental equipment;

[0041] The local area network gateway is configured to push the raw data to an external network MQTT middleware through an MQTT protocol; wherein the MQTT protocol is configured to perform data transmission based on a preset quality of service level;

[0042] The MQTT middleware is configured to distribute the raw data to an Internet of Things platform according to a dynamic subscription topic rule;

[0043] The Internet of Things platform is configured to perform standardized analysis, cleaning and storage of the raw data, and generate a standardized data format conforming to a LIMS system requirement;

[0044] The LIMS system is configured to actively subscribe to and receive the standardized data through a public interface provided by the Internet of Things platform, and perform real-time display and analysis of experimental data;

[0045] The security and redundancy design module is configured to set up end-to-end encryption and device identity authentication during the data transmission process, and perform redundancy design to avoid single point failure.

[0046] Preferably, the redundancy design to avoid single point failure comprises:

[0047] Redundant nodes are deployed in the local area network gateway, the Internet of Things platform and the LIMS system, and a system monitoring and alarm mechanism is used to monitor the data transmission state and device operation in real time.

[0048] Compared with the prior art, the Internet of Things gateway transmission method and system based on LIMS integration have the following beneficial effects:

[0049] 1. The MQTT protocol is used to replace the traditional HTTP / TCP protocol for data transmission to optimize the data transmission path, effectively reduce the protocol header overhead, improve the bandwidth utilization and reduce the packet loss rate, and enable high-concurrency data uploading to avoid network congestion. At the same time, the MQTT protocol supports the message queue mechanism and has buffering capability, which can temporarily store data when the network is jittering or interrupted, ensuring reliable data transmission and reducing data loss rate. In addition, through the preset quality of service level mechanism, the system can set a higher transmission priority for key data to ensure its reliable delivery.

[0050] 2. By using the IoT platform as a unified data access and processing middleware layer, standardized parsing and adaptation of various device protocols are achieved. Local area network gateways only need to use the MQTT protocol to communicate with the IoT platform, eliminating the need to develop separate communication modules for each type of device. This reduces protocol coupling and improves system compatibility and scalability. Simultaneously, the IoT platform has flexible data storage interfaces and can connect to various cloud or local databases, avoiding dependence on a single cloud service and improving system portability and sustainability.

[0051] 3. An end-to-end encryption mechanism is implemented throughout the entire data transmission chain, ensuring that data is encrypted throughout the entire process from LAN devices to the IoT platform and then to the LIMS system, preventing eavesdropping or tampering during transmission. Simultaneously, a device authentication mechanism ensures that only authorized devices and system components can access the system, preventing unauthorized access and data forgery. Furthermore, when the LIMS system accesses data, the IoT platform provides a fine-grained access control mechanism, implementing access control based on users, roles, and devices, effectively preventing unauthorized access risks and improving overall system security.

[0052] 4. By standardizing, cleaning, and converting the raw data through the IoT platform, a unified data format conforming to the requirements of the LIMS system is generated. This eliminates the need for the LIMS system to develop customized interfaces for each device or data source, significantly reducing interface development and maintenance costs. Simultaneously, the LIMS system establishes a connection with the IoT platform through an active subscription mechanism, enabling it to receive data updates in real time without relying on manual triggering or periodic fetching. This improves the system's real-time performance and automation, achieving real-time monitoring and analysis of experimental data. Attached Figure Description

[0053] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0054] Figure 1 A flowchart illustrating the IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration provided in this application embodiment;

[0055] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of an exemplary MQTT data acquisition process provided for embodiments of this application;

[0056] Figure 3 A schematic diagram illustrating an exemplary LIMS specification interface call provided for an embodiment of this application;

[0057] Figure 4 This is a structural block diagram of an IoT gateway transmission system based on LIMS integration, provided in an embodiment of this application. Detailed Implementation

[0058] The technical solutions in the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments in this application, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0059] In this document, the term "comprising" is intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, article, or apparatus that includes said element.

[0060] This embodiment provides, in a first aspect, a method such as Figure 1 The IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration shown is a data transmission technology that pushes device data to an external MQTT middleware via a local area network gateway, and then integrates it into the LIMS system after being parsed by the IoT platform. This method includes data acquisition and transmission steps, data distribution and parsing steps, and data display and analysis steps.

[0061] In detail

[0062] Data acquisition and transmission steps: Raw data from the experimental equipment is collected through local area network (LAN) devices, and then pushed to the external MQTT middleware (a message queuing telemetry transport protocol designed for data transmission of IoT devices in low-bandwidth and unstable network environments) via the LAN gateway using the MQTT protocol. The MQTT middleware is responsible for efficient data distribution between devices, servers, and applications. The MQTT protocol transmits data based on a preset quality of service level (QoS 0 / 1 / 2) to ensure the reliability of data transmission.

[0063] In this step, various devices within the local area network (such as experimental instruments and sensors) are equipped with corresponding data acquisition modules to collect data according to preset acquisition rules and time intervals. These devices establish connections with the external network through the local area network gateway, which acts as the data transmission hub and is responsible for pushing the collected data to the MQTT middleware on the external network.

[0064] Data distribution and parsing steps: The MQTT middleware distributes the raw data to the IoT platform according to the dynamic subscription topic rules. The IoT platform performs standardized parsing, cleaning and storage of the raw data, and generates a standardized data format that meets the requirements of the LIMS system (Laboratory Information Management System, which is an information management platform designed for laboratories and is mainly used for the collection, storage, analysis and reporting of experimental data).

[0065] In this step, the IoT platform subscribes to specific topics in the MQTT middleware to receive data pushed from the local area network gateway in real time. Upon receiving the data, the IoT platform's data processing module parses the data format, extracts valid data information, and stores it in the database according to certain rules. Simultaneously, it performs quality checks and verifications on the data, marking or processing any abnormal data to ensure data stability and reliability.

[0066] Data display and analysis steps: The LIMS system actively subscribes to and receives standardized data by calling the public interface provided by the IoT platform, and displays and analyzes the experimental data in real time.

[0067] In this step, the LIMS system retrieves the necessary data from the database by calling the public interface provided by the IoT platform. Based on the user's needs and permissions, the LIMS system displays and analyzes the data, presenting experimental data and equipment status information in the form of charts and reports, providing decision support and data reference for laboratory managers and researchers.

[0068] Throughout the data acquisition and transmission, data distribution and parsing, and data display and analysis steps described above, data security is ensured through end-to-end encryption (such as TLS / SSL) and device authentication. Specifically:

[0069] In the data acquisition and transmission steps, TLS / SSL protocol is used for end-to-end encryption of data between the LAN gateway and the external MQTT middleware to prevent data theft or tampering during transmission. The LAN gateway and MQTT middleware verify each other's identities through device authentication mechanisms (such as X.509 certificates or dynamic tokens) to ensure that only authorized devices can establish connections. In the data distribution and parsing steps, data transmission between the MQTT middleware and the IoT platform also uses TLS / SSL encryption to ensure data security on the middleware-to-platform link. The IoT platform verifies the legitimacy of subscription requests through device authentication, allowing only authorized devices or users to subscribe to specific topics and preventing unauthorized access. In the data display and analysis steps, the LIMS system communicates with the IoT platform through HTTPS protocol (based on TLS / SSL) to ensure data encryption during interface calls. The LIMS system uses OAuth2.0 or API keys for authentication to ensure that only authorized systems can call the RESTful API interface. Therefore, end-to-end encryption covers the entire link, that is, the link between the LAN gateway and the MQTT middleware, the link between the MQTT middleware and the IoT platform, and the link between the IoT platform and the LIMS system all adopt TLS / SSL encryption to ensure the security of data in all stages of transmission, processing and display; device authentication runs through the entire process, that is, device authentication mechanisms (such as certificate verification, dynamic tokens) cover all communication nodes in the LAN gateway, MQTT middleware, IoT platform and LIMS system to prevent unauthorized devices from accessing or data from being tampered with.

[0070] In this embodiment, the IoT platform performs standardized parsing of the raw data, including the following steps:

[0071] Convert raw data (such as JSON / XML format) into a common data format;

[0072] Abnormal data should be marked or cleaned to ensure data quality;

[0073] The processed data is stored in a hybrid database, which includes both time-series and relational databases.

[0074] Feasible options include using TDengine (compression ratio >80%) for efficient storage of massive amounts of time-series data as the time-series database, and PostgreSQL (response time <500ms) for complex queries as the relational database. It's worth noting that TDengine is a high-performance, distributed IoT and industrial big data platform developed by TaoSi Data. Its core module is a high-performance, open-source, cloud-native, and minimalist time-series database. PostgreSQL is a powerful, open-source client / server relational database management system.

[0075] In this embodiment, the public interface provided by the IoT platform is the RESTful API interface (RESTful application programming interface, which is a web service interface designed based on the Representational State Transfer architectural style and realizes cross-platform data interaction through the HTTP protocol), and the interface response latency is ≤200ms.

[0076] It is feasible that RESTful API interfaces can be cross-platform compatible with the integration needs of mainstream LIMS system vendors.

[0077] In this embodiment, dynamic subscription topic rules are implemented using the MQTT publish-subscribe model to ensure data isolation between different devices or users, and to prevent data leakage or tampering by combining device authentication; dynamic subscription topic rules include:

[0078] Topic naming rules: The name of an MQTT topic is dynamically generated based on device identity information (such as device ID, user ID, laboratory number), and each device or user has an independent topic path by embedding a unique identifier of the device or user;

[0079] Dynamic subscription mechanism: The IoT platform or LIMS system dynamically subscribes to the corresponding MQTT topic based on the request of the device or user (for example, when the LIMS system needs to obtain real-time data of a certain laboratory device, it automatically subscribes to the dynamic topic corresponding to that device).

[0080] Device-level isolation mechanism: Data from each device is transmitted through its own dedicated MQTT topic, which is inaccessible to other devices, thus preventing data mixing.

[0081] User-level isolation mechanism: Different users or laboratories can only subscribe to MQTT topics within their authorized scope to prevent unauthorized access;

[0082] Permission verification mechanism: Before subscribing to an MQTT topic, the MQTT middleware verifies the legitimacy of the subscription request through device authentication (such as X.509 certificates or OAuth2.0 tokens) and only allows authorized devices or users to subscribe to the corresponding MQTT topic.

[0083] In this embodiment, the standardized data format includes:

[0084] Data fields are standardized to laboratory parameters (such as equipment ID, sampling time, measured value, and unit).

[0085] The data storage format adopts either Lightweight Data Interchange Format (JSON) or Extensible Markup Language (XML), and is compatible with mainstream data visualization tools.

[0086] In this embodiment, the IoT platform cleans the raw data, including the following steps:

[0087] Interpolate missing values ​​or mark them as anomalies;

[0088] Filter or mark outliers that exceed a preset threshold;

[0089] Standardize and convert fields with inconsistent data formats.

[0090] Based on the above, combined with, for example Figure 2 This example illustrates an exemplary MQTT data acquisition process. In summary, this embodiment utilizes an IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration. The local area network (LAN) device acquires data supporting protocols such as Modbus and OPC UA, generating raw data (JSON / XML format). This raw data is then converted to MQTT protocol format. The entire data transmission process is as follows:

[0091] After collecting data, LAN devices send the data to the LAN gateway. The frequency and content of data collection can be adjusted according to device settings and experimental requirements. Upon receiving the data, the LAN gateway packages and encrypts it, then pushes it to the MQTT middleware via the external network. During the push process, the gateway sets the corresponding topics and message attributes according to the MQTT protocol requirements. The IoT platform subscribes to the corresponding topics in the MQTT middleware and receives new data promptly. The received data first enters the data receiving and parsing module, which checks and parses the data, converting it into an internally processable format. The parsed data is then passed to the data processing and storage module, which cleans, transforms, and aggregates the data, removing invalid and noisy data and converting it into a suitable storage format. The processed data is then stored in the database, recording information such as the data source and collection time for subsequent querying and traceability. Based on user requests, the LIMS system sends data query requests to the IoT platform by calling its public interface. After receiving a request, the IoT platform retrieves the relevant data from its database and returns it to the LIMS system in formats such as JSON and XML. Upon receiving the data, the LIMS system processes and displays it in its data visualization module. (Combined with...) Figure 3 The illustrated LIMS specification interface call process demonstrates how the LIMS system, through its RESTful API, can present data in the form of charts, reports, and other formats, facilitating user viewing and analysis. Simultaneously, the data analysis module performs in-depth data analysis, providing users with valuable information and decision support.

[0092] In summary, the IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration in this embodiment has the following technical advantages:

[0093] 1. High-efficiency heterogeneous data aggregation and transmission mechanism

[0094] A lightweight transmission channel is built based on the MQTT protocol, which supports the standardized encapsulation and release of data from multiple heterogeneous devices (such as experimental instruments and environmental sensors), achieving efficient transmission of millions of concurrent data per second with transmission latency controlled within 10ms, which is 300% more efficient than the traditional TCP / IP protocol.

[0095] A dynamic topic subscription mechanism and QoS grading strategy (QoS 0 / 1 / 2) are adopted to ensure the reliable delivery of critical data (such as device alarm signals), with a message delivery rate of ≥99.99%.

[0096] 2. Distributed data parsing and storage architecture

[0097] The IoT platform integrates edge computing nodes and achieves real-time data cleaning through predefined data parsing rules (such as JSON / XML format conversion and outlier filtering). The data processing throughput reaches 100,000 records per second, and the parsing error rate is ≤0.1%.

[0098] The database adopts a hybrid architecture of time-series database (TDengine) + relational database (PostgreSQL), which supports efficient storage of massive time-series data (compression ratio >80%) and complex queries (response time <500ms).

[0099] 3. Cross-platform data interaction

[0100] Based on the RESTful API, a standardized data service interface is designed to support LIMS systems in calling experimental data (such as spectra and test results) and equipment status (such as calibration cycles and fault codes) on demand. The interface response latency is ≤200ms and it is compatible with the docking requirements of mainstream LIMS vendors (such as LabVantage and STARLIMS).

[0101] This embodiment provides a second aspect as follows: Figure 4 The IoT gateway transmission system based on LIMS integration shown applies the IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration as described above. The system includes LAN devices, LAN gateway, MQTT middleware, IoT platform, LIMS system, and security and redundancy design modules.

[0102] Specifically

[0103] Local area network (LAN) devices are used to collect raw data from experimental equipment. LAN devices refer to various devices within a LAN (such as experimental instruments and sensors). These devices are equipped with corresponding data acquisition modules that collect data (such as temperature, humidity, pressure, and experimental results) according to preset acquisition rules and time intervals. The data acquisition modules are customized based on the working principles of the equipment and data acquisition requirements to ensure the accuracy and completeness of the data. For example, for temperature sensors, the acquisition module periodically reads the sensor values ​​and performs preprocessing operations such as filtering and noise reduction. Secondly, these devices have network communication capabilities, enabling them to send the collected data to the LAN gateway and establish connections with external networks through the LAN gateway. The LAN gateway acts as a data transmission hub, forwarding and transmitting data, and is responsible for pushing the collected data to the MQTT middleware on the external network. The LAN gateway receives data from LAN devices, packages and encapsulates it, adds necessary metadata (such as device number, acquisition time, etc.), and then securely pushes it to the MQTT middleware on the external network. Furthermore, the LAN gateway has Network Address Translation (NAT) functionality to adapt to different network environments on the LAN and the external network. Local area network devices support protocols such as Modbus and OPC UA to collect raw data (JSON / XML format), which is then converted into MQTT protocol format.

[0104] A LAN gateway is used to push raw data to an external MQTT middleware via the MQTT protocol. The MQTT protocol transmits data based on a preset Quality of Service (QoS) level. The LAN gateway acts as a bridge between the LAN and the external network, enabling data forwarding and transmission. It receives data from LAN devices, packages and encapsulates it, adds necessary metadata (such as device ID and collection time), and then securely pushes it to the external MQTT middleware. Furthermore, the LAN gateway has Network Address Translation (NAT) functionality to adapt to different network environments on both the LAN and the external network. Simultaneously, to ensure data transmission security, encryption technologies (such as TLS / SSL) are used to encrypt the data, preventing it from being stolen or tampered with during transmission.

[0105] MQTT middleware (i.e., MQTT Broker) is used to distribute raw data to the IoT platform according to dynamic subscription topic rules. As a message passing intermediary between the IoT platform and the LAN gateway, MQTT middleware follows the MQTT protocol, responsible for receiving data from the LAN gateway and distributing it to the corresponding subscribers (i.e., the IoT platform) according to subscription relationships. It supports multiple Quality of Service (QoS) levels, allowing users to select the appropriate QoS level based on application needs to ensure reliable data transmission. For example, QoS2 can be used for critical data (such as device alarm signals) to ensure reliable message delivery, while QoS0 can be used for non-critical data (such as environmental sensor temperature) to reduce bandwidth consumption.

[0106] The IoT platform is used to standardize, parse, clean, and store raw data, generating standardized data formats that conform to the requirements of the LIMS system. The IoT platform receives data pushed from the local area network gateway in real time by subscribing to specific topics in the MQTT middleware. Upon receiving the data, it parses the format, identifies the data structure and content, and extracts valuable information, such as device identifiers, measurement values, and units. Further processing, such as data cleaning, transformation, and aggregation, is then performed on the parsed data. The processed data is stored in a database according to a pre-designed database architecture for subsequent querying and analysis. The database can be a relational database (such as MySQL) or a non-relational database (such as MongoDB), with the appropriate database type selected based on the data characteristics and application scenario. Furthermore, the IoT platform provides data access interfaces for the LIMS system or other external systems, adhering to standard interface specifications such as RESTful APIs. Through these interfaces, external systems can send requests to the IoT platform to obtain the required data, achieving interoperability between systems.

[0107] The LIMS system actively subscribes to and receives standardized data by calling the public interface provided by the IoT platform, and displays and analyzes the experimental data in real time. The LIMS system obtains experimental data and equipment status information by calling the public interface of the IoT platform, and displays the data in an intuitive way according to the user's role and permissions, such as trend charts of experimental data and indicator lights of equipment operating status. Secondly, it performs statistical analysis and data mining on the acquired data to provide users with data reports and early warning information. For example, it can predict equipment failures based on the changing trends of experimental data, providing a basis for laboratory management decisions.

[0108] The security and redundancy design module is used to set up end-to-end encryption and device authentication during data transmission, and to implement redundancy design to avoid single points of failure.

[0109] It is feasible to implement redundant design to avoid single points of failure, including:

[0110] Redundant nodes are deployed in the LAN gateway, IoT platform, and LIMS system. When one node fails, other nodes can automatically take over the work, avoiding single points of failure. The system monitoring and alarm mechanism monitors the data transmission status and equipment operation in real time. Once an abnormality is detected, alarm information is issued in a timely manner to notify relevant personnel for handling, ensuring the stability and reliability of the system.

[0111] It should be noted that the IoT gateway transmission system based on LIMS integration in this embodiment corresponds to the aforementioned IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration. Therefore, for the parts of the IoT gateway transmission system based on LIMS integration that are not described in further detail in this embodiment (including but not limited to specific technical means and technical effects), please refer to the relevant descriptions in the aforementioned IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration. This text will not repeat them here.

[0112] In the embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the embodiments described herein can be implemented in hardware, software, firmware, middleware, code, or any suitable combination thereof. For hardware implementation, the processor may be implemented in one or more of the following: application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), digital signal processors (DSPs), digital signal processing devices (DSPDs), programmable logic devices (PLDs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), processors, controllers, microcontrollers, microprocessors, other electronic units designed to implement the functions described herein, or combinations thereof. For software implementation, some or all of the processes of the embodiments may be performed by a computer program instructing the associated hardware. During implementation, the program may be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted as one or more instructions or code on a computer-readable storage medium. Computer-readable storage media include computer storage media and communication media, wherein communication media include any medium that facilitates the transmission of a computer program from one place to another. Storage media may be any available medium accessible to a computer. Computer-readable storage media may include, but are not limited to, RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage, magnetic disk storage media or other magnetic storage devices, or any other medium capable of carrying or storing desired program code having the form of instructions or data structures and accessible to a computer.

[0113] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is only a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A method for transmitting IoT gateway data based on LIMS integration, characterized in that, The method includes the following steps: Data acquisition and transmission steps: Collect raw data from the experimental equipment through local area network (LAN) devices, and push the raw data to the external MQTT middleware through the MQTT protocol of the LAN gateway. The MQTT protocol transmits data based on a preset quality of service level. Data distribution and parsing steps: The MQTT middleware distributes the raw data to the IoT platform according to the dynamic subscription topic rules. The IoT platform performs standardized parsing, cleaning and storage of the raw data, and generates a standardized data format that meets the requirements of the LIMS system. Data display and analysis steps: The LIMS system actively subscribes to and receives the standardized data by calling the public interface provided by the IoT platform, and displays and analyzes the experimental data in real time; In the data acquisition and transmission step, the data distribution and parsing step, and the data display and analysis step, the data transmission process is protected by end-to-end encryption and device authentication.

2. The IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The IoT platform performs standardized parsing of the raw data, including the following steps: Convert the raw data into a common data format; Mark or clean abnormal data; The processed data is stored in a hybrid database, which includes a time-series database and a relational database.

3. The IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration according to claim 2, characterized in that, The time-series database is TDengine, which can efficiently store massive amounts of time-series data, and the relational database is PostgreSQL, which can perform complex queries.

4. The IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The public interface provided by the IoT platform is the RESTful API interface.

5. The IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration according to claim 4, characterized in that, The RESTful API interface is cross-platform compatible with the integration requirements of mainstream LIMS system vendors.

6. The IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The dynamic subscription topic rules are implemented using the MQTT publish-subscribe model; the dynamic subscription topic rules include: Topic naming rules: The name of an MQTT topic is dynamically generated based on device identity information, and each device or user has an independent topic path by embedding a unique identifier of the device or user; Dynamic subscription mechanism: The IoT platform or LIMS system dynamically subscribes to the corresponding MQTT topic based on the request of the device or user; Device-level isolation mechanism: Data for each device is transmitted through its own dedicated MQTT topic, which cannot be accessed by other devices; User-level isolation mechanism: Different users or laboratories can only subscribe to MQTT topics within their authorized scope; Permission verification mechanism: Before subscribing to an MQTT topic, the MQTT middleware verifies the legitimacy of the subscription request through device authentication and only allows authorized devices or users to subscribe to the corresponding MQTT topic.

7. The IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The standardized data format includes: Data fields are standardized to laboratory parameters; The data storage format uses a lightweight data exchange format or an extensible markup language.

8. The IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration according to claim 1, characterized in that, The IoT platform cleans the raw data, including the following steps: Interpolate missing values ​​or mark them as anomalies; Filter or mark outliers that exceed a preset threshold; Standardize and convert fields with inconsistent data formats.

9. An IoT gateway transmission system based on LIMS integration, employing the IoT gateway transmission method based on LIMS integration as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that, The system includes LAN devices, LAN gateways, MQTT middleware, an IoT platform, a LIMS system, and security and redundancy design modules; The local area network device is used to collect raw data from the experimental equipment. The local area network gateway is used to push the raw data to an external MQTT middleware via the MQTT protocol; wherein, the MQTT protocol transmits data based on a preset quality of service level; The MQTT middleware is used to distribute the raw data to the IoT platform according to the dynamic subscription topic rules; The IoT platform is used to standardize, parse, clean, and store the raw data, and generate a standardized data format that meets the requirements of the LIMS system. The LIMS system is used to actively subscribe to and receive the standardized data by calling the public interface provided by the IoT platform, and to display and analyze the experimental data in real time. The security and redundancy design module is used to set end-to-end encryption and device authentication during the data transmission process, and to perform redundancy design to avoid single points of failure.

10. The IoT gateway transmission system based on LIMS integration according to claim 9, characterized in that, The redundant design to avoid single points of failure includes: Redundant nodes are deployed in the local area network gateway, the Internet of Things platform, and the LIMS system, and the data transmission status and equipment operation are monitored in real time through system monitoring and alarm mechanisms.

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