General minimally invasive needle type endoscopic surgery system

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments, and discloses a general minimally invasive needle type endoscopic surgery system which comprises the following steps: a rack on which a control and imaging host module, a function support module, a core operation module and a replaceable endoscope body module are mounted, the control and imaging host module comprises a high-definition medical monitor used for displaying images and a central processing and control console used for processing signals, and the function support module is electrically connected with the central processing and control console and used for receiving control instructions from the central processing and control console. The functional support module includes an energy platform for providing therapeutic energy and a perfusion system for providing a fluid required for surgery. The replaceable mirror body modular platform comprises a straight-tube mirror, a coaxial mirror, a flexible mirror and a special-shaped mirror, the mirror body can be rapidly replaced on the same core operation module according to the operation requirement, and the capability of coping with diversified operation scenes such as exploration from a neural dense area to complex path treatment is achieved.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of medical devices, in particular to a general-purpose minimally invasive needle endoscope surgery system. BACKGROUND

[0002] With the development of modern medicine and the improvement of people's quality of life, minimally invasive surgery has become the mainstream direction of surgical treatment. Especially in the treatment of common diseases such as intervertebral disc herniation, joint lesions and subcutaneous soft tissue diseases, patients increasingly expect the surgical process to minimize trauma while achieving rapid recovery. Therefore, how to further reduce surgical incisions, reduce tissue damage, and even achieve scarless treatment while ensuring treatment effectiveness has become a technical focus in the field of medical devices.

[0003] Currently, endoscopic techniques widely used in clinical practice, such as arthroscopy and intervertebral foramen endoscopy, have been able to complete complex surgical operations through a few millimeter incisions. These techniques rely on high-definition imaging systems and supporting power planing, radiofrequency ablation tools, and achieve direct vision treatment of lesions, with their accuracy and effectiveness being generally recognized in clinical practice. Doctors can clearly observe the anatomical structures in the joint cavity or spinal canal through these endoscopes and perform precise tissue resection or repair, benefiting a large number of patients who would otherwise require open surgery.

[0004] However, existing technologies still have inherent technical bottlenecks in pursuing extreme minimally invasive and functional integration. First, the diameter of the working channel of a multifunctional endoscope system is usually difficult to further reduce, which limits its application in areas with dense nerves and blood vessels or narrow anatomical space, and the surgical trauma thus has a lower limit that is difficult to overcome. Second, existing systems are often designed for specific types of surgery, resulting in the need to replace entire independent endoscope equipment for different surgical scenarios, which not only increases the cost of equipment procurement and maintenance for medical institutions, but also limits the flexibility in dealing with complex and variable situations during surgery. More importantly, many traditional minimally invasive techniques that rely on operator's sense of touch, such as needle knife therapy, although minimally invasive, lack real-time image guidance and objective parameter monitoring, making it difficult to effectively guarantee the safety of the operation and the standardization of the treatment effectiveness, which is a key obstacle to its widespread and standardized application. Therefore, the present application provides a general-purpose minimally invasive needle endoscope surgery system to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0005] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the present application provides a general-purpose minimally invasive needle endoscope surgery system, which solves the technical problems of the prior art that minimization and multifunctionalization of endoscopes are difficult to balance, and there is a lack of direct visualization and parameterized precise control means.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present application is implemented by the following technical solutions: a general-purpose minimally invasive needle endoscope surgery system.

[0007] The system comprises a rack, on which a control and imaging host module, a function support module, a core operation module and a replaceable scope module are installed.

[0008] The control and imaging host module comprises a high-definition medical monitor for displaying images and a central processing and control console for processing signals.

[0009] The function support module is electrically connected with the central processing and control console for receiving control instructions from the central processing and control console. The function support module comprises an energy platform for providing treatment energy and a perfusion system for providing fluid required by surgery.

[0010] The core operation module is connected with the function support module and the control and imaging host module respectively for receiving energy, fluid and control signals and transmitting image signals. The structure of the core operation module comprises a needle handle and a hollow tubular needle scope body coaxially connected with the needle handle.

[0011] The replaceable scope module is designed to be adapted and placed in the internal channel of the hollow tubular needle scope body. In operation, the replaceable scope module is responsible for collecting image signals of the surgery area and transmitting the signals to the control and imaging host module for processing and display.

[0012] Preferably, the replaceable scope module provides a plurality of different structure types of scope to adapt to different surgical requirements, which comprises at least one of the following structures: a solid structure straight tube scope without any internal instrument channel; a coaxial scope with internal instrument channel and perfusion channel; a soft scope with a bendable section at the distal end of the scope; a special-shaped scope with an asymmetric structure.

[0013] Preferably, the control and imaging host module is specifically composed of: the central processing and control console is connected with the high-definition medical monitor, an image recording and management system and a keyboard respectively. The central processing and control console processes image signals from the replaceable scope module and outputs them to the high-definition medical monitor; the image recording and management system is used to store image data displayed by the high-definition medical monitor; and the keyboard is used for operators to input control instructions to the central processing and control console.

[0014] Preferably, the functional support module is composed of a light source host, the energy platform and the perfusion system. The light source host is connected to the replaceable scope module through an optical fiber to provide illumination. The energy output end of the energy platform is connected to a treatment instrument that is inserted into the tubular needle scope. The fluid output end of the perfusion system is connected to a perfusion channel inside the tubular needle scope.

[0015] In one embodiment, the coaxial scope has an internal structure with two independent channels inside the scope. The first channel is defined as an instrument channel, which is sized to accommodate a treatment instrument inserted therethrough. The second channel is defined as a perfusion channel, which is used to deliver fluid to or draw fluid from a surgical site.

[0016] In one embodiment, the energy platform outputs nanosecond pulsed radiofrequency energy with the following parameters: the temperature of the target tissue is set to be within a range of 35-80°C; the duration of a single pulse is set to be within a range of 0.1-100 ms; and the frequency of the pulse is set to be within a range of 5-100 Hz.

[0017] In one embodiment, the perfusion system outputs fluid with a pressure that is regulated by a pressure sensor and a closed-loop control unit. The closed-loop control unit adjusts the fluid output pressure based on real-time feedback from the pressure sensor, and sets the maximum fluid output pressure to 30 mmHg.

[0018] In one embodiment, the flexible section of the flexible scope has the following mechanical properties: the maximum bending angle of the flexible section in a single plane is 180°; and the flexible section can be bent in at least two directions to achieve a total deflection range of 360°.

[0019] In one embodiment, the straight scope has the following structure: the outer diameter of the straight scope is within a range of 0.5-1.9 mm, and the scope is a solid rigid structure without any internal hollow channel.

[0020] In one application scenario, the energy from the energy platform is delivered and applied by the following structure: a radiofrequency electrode with a diameter of 0.3 mm is used as the treatment instrument; the radiofrequency electrode is inserted into the instrument channel of the coaxial scope; and the radiofrequency electrode is operated so that its distal end extends out of the distal end of the coaxial scope, and the distal end of the radiofrequency electrode receives energy from the energy platform and applies the energy to the target tissue.

[0021] The application provides a general-purpose minimally invasive needle endoscope surgery system. 1. The application realizes diagnosis and treatment integration in an ultra-micro intervention channel with a diameter of 0.5 mm by embedding a replaceable mirror body module in the hollow tubular needle mirror body structure, and cooperating with an energy platform and a perfusion system, compared with the prior art, the multifunctional endoscope has a larger trauma due to the complex structure, or the miniature endoscope has a single function due to the size limitation, and the application solves the technical problem that miniaturization and multifunctionalization are difficult to be considered.

[0022] 2. The application provides a replaceable mirror body modular platform comprising a straight tube mirror, a coaxial mirror, a flexible mirror and a special-shaped mirror, which can quickly replace the mirror body on the same core operation module according to the surgical requirements, so that one integrated platform has the ability to cope with various surgical scenes from nerve dense area exploration to complex path treatment, compared with the prior art, different types of surgery often need to configure multiple independent and incompatible endoscope systems, which solves the problems of high equipment cost and cumbersome intraoperative replacement.

[0023] 3. The application combines a high-definition imaging system, a parameter quantifiable energy platform and a pressure limited perfusion system, observes in real time on a high-definition medical monitor, accurately controls the treatment temperature, output frequency and perfusion pressure within the preset safety threshold, and constructs a direct visualization and parameter controllable surgical environment, compared with the traditional needle knife and other blind operation or uncontrolled energy output technology, the application solves the inherent defects that the operation process lacks objective quantitative standard and is easy to damage surrounding nerves and blood vessels and other healthy tissues. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a perspective view of the device of the application; Figure 2 It is a structural schematic view of the device of the application; Figure 3 It is Figure 2 It is an enlarged view of A in the middle; Figure 4 It is a schematic view of the system architecture of the application; Figure 5 It is a perfusion system flowchart of the application; Figure 6 It is a structural schematic view of the core operation module of the application; Figure 7 It is a schematic view of the optical fiber needle mirror of the embodiment of the application; Figure 8 It is a schematic view of the integrated photoelectric coaxial needle mirror of the embodiment of the application.

[0025] Wherein, 1, rack; 2, core operation module; 201, needle handle; 202, tubular needle body; 3, replaceable mirror body module; 301, straight tube mirror; 302, coaxial mirror; 303, soft mirror; 304, special-shaped mirror; 4, function support module; 401, light source host; 402, energy platform; 403, perfusion system; 5, control and imaging host module; 501, central processing and control console; 502, high-definition medical monitor; 503, image recording and management system; 504, keyboard. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the specification of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0027] Referring to the drawings Figure 4 , Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of the system architecture according to an embodiment of the present application. The general surgery minimally invasive needle endoscope surgery system provided by the present application is installed on a rack 1. The system is composed of four main functional units, which are: core operation module 2, replaceable mirror body module 3, function support module 4 and control and imaging host module 5.

[0028] The control and imaging host module 5 is the signal processing and control unit of the system. Its physical structure includes a high-definition medical monitor 502 and a central processing and control console 501.

[0029] The function support module 4 is the energy and environment support unit of the system. The module is electrically connected with the central processing and control console 501 through signal cables, for receiving and executing control instructions from the latter. Its internal integrated energy platform 402 for providing treatment energy and perfusion system 403 for delivering fluid.

[0030] The core operation module 2 is the execution unit of the operation. The module establishes connection with the function support module 4 and the control and imaging host module 5 through multifunctional cables, so as to receive energy, fluid and control signals, and transmit the image data collected by it to the control and imaging host module 5.

[0031] The replaceable mirror body module 3 is the imaging unit of the system. The module is designed in structure to be placed and fixed in the internal of the core operation module 2. Its main function is to collect optical images of the operation area.

[0032] In the workflow of the system, the image signals collected by the replaceable scope module 3 are transmitted to the control and imaging host module 5. The central processing and control console 501 in the control and imaging host module 5 processes the received signals and displays the processed video images in real time on the high-definition medical monitor 502. The operator observes the surgical field through the monitor and issues instructions to the function support module 4 through the control and imaging host module 5. The function support module 4 delivers the set energy or fluid to the target area of the operation through the core operation module 2 according to the instructions, thereby completing the entire closed-loop diagnosis and treatment operation.

[0033] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 3 , the core operation module 2 of the present application works in cooperation with the replaceable scope module 3 to jointly constitute the execution terminal of the present surgical system. The core operation module 2 is the part held by the operator, while the replaceable scope module 3 serves as the replaceable "eye" placed therein.

[0034] The replaceable scope module 3 can be designed for one-time use or repeated use in the same operation according to clinical needs.

[0035] Referring to the accompanying drawings Figure 6 , the core operation module 2 is composed of a needle scope handle 201 and a tubular needle scope body 202. The needle scope handle 201 is made of medical-grade polymer or lightweight alloy material, and its shape is designed according to hand grip data, with anti-slip texture on the surface. The internal structure of the needle scope handle 201 integrates multiple functional interfaces, including a precision interface for optical and electrical signal docking with the replaceable scope module 3, a fluid channel interface (including one water inlet and one water outlet) for connecting the perfusion system 403 in the function support module 4, and an energy transmission cable interface for connecting the energy platform 402.

[0036] The tubular needle scope body 202 is a hollow rigid tube made of metal or composite material, and its proximal end is fixedly connected coaxially with the needle scope handle 201 through a standard thread or a buckle structure. The outer diameter of the tubular needle scope body 202 ranges from 0.8mm to 5.5mm, and the surface of its internal channel is finely polished to reduce the frictional resistance when the replaceable scope module 3 is inserted. The distal end of the tubular needle scope body 202, i.e. the needle tip part, can be made into various geometric shapes, including a beveled needle tip for direct puncture, a flat end for tissue separation, or a sawtooth-shaped end for specific tissue grasping.

[0037] The replaceable scope module 3 is designed to precisely fit into the inner channel of the tubular needle scope 202 and to be quickly replaced. A spring-loaded locking mechanism is provided at the interface of the needle scope handle 201. When the proximal end of the replaceable scope module 3 is inserted into place, the locking mechanism is automatically engaged to achieve mechanical fixation and electrical connection. When replacing, the locking mechanism can be released by pressing an unlock button.

[0038] The replaceable scope module 3 of the present application contains a variety of different structures and functions of the scope to meet the diverse clinical needs.

[0039] In one embodiment, the replaceable scope module 3 is a straight tube scope 301. The outer diameter of the straight tube scope 301 is between 0.5mm and 1.9mm, and the scope is a solid rigid structure without any internal working channel. The transmission of images is achieved by an integrated bundle of more than 50,000 independent optical fibers inside the scope. The straight tube scope 301 is mainly used for high-resolution exploration of areas with dense anatomical structures and extremely narrow operating space, such as around the nerve root or inside the tiny joint cavity.

[0040] In another embodiment, the replaceable scope module 3 is a coaxial scope 302. The scope of the coaxial scope 302 has two independent channels, namely the instrument channel and the perfusion channel, arranged axially inside the scope. The inner diameter of the instrument channel is designed to be 0.5mm to 3.0mm according to the overall outer diameter of the scope, for accommodating the matching surgical tools to pass through. The perfusion channel surrounds or parallels the instrument channel, for delivering physiological saline or drug solution to the surgical field, or for pumping waste liquid and tissue debris by negative pressure suction.

[0041] In another embodiment, the replaceable scope module 3 is a flexible scope 303. The scope body of the flexible scope 303 is a flexible structure, and the distal end is provided with a bendable segment with a length of 2cm to 10cm. The bendable segment has a plurality of micro steel wires arranged inside, and the proximal end of the steel wires is connected to a control knob on the needle scope handle 201. By rotating the knob, different direction steel wires can be pulled to make the distal end of the flexible scope 303 bend in at least two degrees of freedom, with a maximum bending angle of 180° in a single plane, and the combined motion can make the tip point to any direction within a range of 360°.

[0042] In another embodiment, the replaceable scope module 3 is a special-shaped scope 304. The special-shaped scope 304 is an asymmetric structure customized for specific anatomical structures. For example, when used for auxiliary exploration in scoliosis correction surgery, the scope can be pre-made with a specific bending angle, and the internal working channel outlet direction is not parallel to the scope axis, but at an angle of 30° to 60°, so that the instrument can enter the target area at a specific angle.

[0043] Referring to the drawingsFigure 7 In one embodiment, the replaceable scope module 3 can be designed as a fiber optic needle scope. It can be used for super-micro intervention exploration of nerve dense areas or tiny joint cavities. Its structure includes a light guide interface for transmitting illumination light and an eyepiece end for observing images. In actual application, the operator can directly observe through the eyepiece, or connect the eyepiece end to a traditional CCD / CMOS camera, and then transmit the analog or digital signals output by the camera to the control and imaging host module 5.

[0044] In reference to the accompanying drawings Figure 8 In another embodiment, the replaceable scope module 3 can be designed as an integrated photoelectric coaxial needle scope. It can be widely used in various medical fields, such as joints, spines, bones, muscles, nerves, blood vessels, wounds, tumors, etc. Unlike the above-mentioned embodiment, the needle scope integrates a photoelectric conversion system at its proximal end, which can directly convert the image light signals transmitted by the optical fiber into digital electrical signals. The converted signals are directly transmitted to the central processing and control console 501 for processing and display.

[0045] The system also includes a set of super-micro surgical tools matched with the above-mentioned modules. The diameters of these tools match the instrument channel of the coaxial scope 302, including but not limited to: a 0.3mm diameter monopolar or bipolar radiofrequency electrode, a 0.4mm diameter micro biopsy forceps, a 0.5mm diameter micro basket forceps, and a 0.1mm to 0.2mm diameter laser guide wire. The handles of these surgical tools are designed with standard interfaces, which can be connected with the energy platform 402 or the manual controller.

[0046] In reference to the accompanying drawings Figure 1 And Figure 2 The functional support module 4 provided by the present application is an integrated unit for providing light source, energy and fluid support for the surgical process, which is electrically connected with the control and imaging host module 5 to receive and execute control instructions.

[0047] The functional support module 4 includes a light source host 401, an energy platform 402 and a perfusion system 403.

[0048] The light source host 401 is internally provided with a light source assembly, which can be a high-brightness light-emitting diode (LED) array or a xenon lamp. The light emitted by the light source assembly is focused and coupled into the input end of an optical fiber through a set of lens-based optical coupling systems. The output end of the optical fiber is connected with the fiber interface in the core operation module 2 to transmit the illumination light to the distal end of the replaceable scope module 3, providing illumination for the surgical area. The light source host 401 also includes a heat dissipation system for maintaining the light source assembly within a preset working temperature range.

[0049] Energy platform 402 is a multi-mode energy output unit. It contains at least one RF generator and one laser generator inside. The energy output of energy platform 402 is connected to the matching surgical tools inside core operation module 2 through dedicated cables or optical fibers.

[0050] The matching surgical tools include but are not limited to: A monopolar or bipolar RF electrode with a diameter of 0.3mm, used for ablation or coagulation of tissue.

[0051] A laser guide wire with a diameter of 0.1mm to 0.2mm, used for cutting or vaporization of tissue.

[0052] Energy platform 402 can precisely set and control the parameters of the output nanosecond pulsed RF energy. The relationship between the output energy and the tissue temperature, pulse duration and pulse frequency is controlled by the internal microprocessor according to the preset algorithm. The operator can set the following parameters through the control and imaging host module 5: Set the target temperature of the treatment area, which can be adjusted from 35℃ to 80℃. Energy platform 402 dynamically adjusts the output power to maintain this temperature by monitoring the feedback of the RF electrode tip sensor.

[0053] Set the duration of a single pulse, which can be adjusted from 0.1ms to 100ms.

[0054] Set the frequency of pulse output, which can be adjusted from 5Hz to 100Hz.

[0055] Perfusion system 403 is a fluid delivery unit with closed-loop pressure control function. It includes a peristaltic pump or a plunger pump, a pressure sensor, a closed-loop control circuit and a liquid storage container inside. The fluid output port of perfusion system 403 is connected to the perfusion channel of core operation module 2 through a pipeline.

[0056] Referring to Figure 5 , the working process of perfusion system 403 is as follows: The operator sets the target perfusion pressure on the control and imaging host module 5, and the maximum value of the target perfusion pressure is limited to 30mmHg.

[0057] The closed-loop control circuit starts the pump to start delivering fluid such as saline to the surgical area.

[0058] The pressure sensor monitors the actual pressure of the surgical area in real time and feeds back the pressure signal to the closed-loop control circuit.

[0059] The closed-loop control circuit compares the actual pressure with the target perfusion pressure and adjusts the pump speed in real time according to the difference between the two, so as to keep the actual pressure constant at the set value of the target perfusion pressure. This process ensures a clear surgical field while avoiding damage to tissues caused by excessive pressure.

[0060] Referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 The control and imaging host module 5 in the present application is the signal processing and control center of the entire system, responsible for converting the image signals collected by the replaceable scope module 3 into direct visualization images and receiving the instructions of the operator to control all functions of the system.

[0061] The control and imaging host module 5 is installed on the rack 1, and its physical structure mainly includes a central processing and control console 501, a high-definition medical monitor 502, an image recording and management system 503, and a keyboard 504. The central processing and control console 501 is electrically connected and interacts with the function support module 4 and the core operation module 2 through a pre-set electrical interface and communication protocol.

[0062] The image signal processing flow in the present embodiment is as follows: the image sensor such as CMOS or CCD inside the replaceable scope module 3 collects optical images and converts them into analog electrical signals. The analog electrical signals are transmitted to the central processing and control console 501 through a shielded cable. The analog-to-digital converter ADC inside the central processing and control console 501 converts the received analog signals into digital image data. Subsequently, the digital signal processor DSP performs a series of algorithmic processing on the digital image data, including but not limited to white balance correction, color correction, edge enhancement, and noise reduction processing. The processed high-definition digital video signal is output to the high-definition medical monitor 502 through the HDMI or SDI interface, displaying the clear images of the surgical area in real time.

[0063] The system control flow in the present embodiment is as follows: the operator inputs control instructions through the keyboard 504 or physical buttons on the central processing and control console 501. These instructions include adjustments to the brightness of the light source host 401, settings of output parameters such as power, mode, and action time of the energy platform 402, and controls of the working state such as start / stop and pressure setting of the perfusion system 403. The microcontroller unit MCU inside the central processing and control console 501 receives and analyzes these instructions, and then sends control commands to the corresponding subsystems in the function support module 4 through the bus, to achieve precise regulation and control of the entire surgical system.

[0064] The high-definition medical monitor 502 is a medical-grade display device with a resolution of no less than 1920x1080 pixels, and its brightness, contrast, and color gamut all meet the medical imaging diagnostic standards.

[0065] The image recording and management system 503 is connected to the central processing and control console 501, and can encode the processed high-definition video signal in real time, for example, using the H.264 or H.265 encoding standard, and store it in the built-in hard disk or external storage device. The system also provides image acquisition, playback, editing and archiving functions, and supports data transmission to the hospital's PACS image archiving and communication system through a network interface.

[0066] To further improve the flexibility and convenience of the system, the image recording and management system 503 also has a built-in network streaming media server function. Through this function, the system can push real-time or stored high-definition video streams to the local network. The operator or authorized medical professionals can view the surgical scene in real time or access the historical record on any mobile phone, tablet computer or other smart device connected to the same network through a pre-installed dedicated application or a general network video player. This facilitates teaching and consultation and provides more options for the operator to monitor the surgical process in non-core operating areas.

[0067] The activation and stoppage of the matching surgical tools, such as the radiofrequency electrode or the laser fiber, are also controlled by the central processing and control console 501. The operator can send a trigger signal to the central processing and control console 501 through the switches on the core operating module 2 or the external footswitch, and the console will issue an instruction to the energy platform 402 accordingly to control the output and suspension of energy, realizing the linkage between the operating instrument and system control.

[0068] To further illustrate how the components of the needle endoscope surgical system of the present application work together, the following will be described through a specific working scenario example. The present embodiment describes the operation process of using the present application to perform lumbar disc decompression, but the application of the present application is not limited to this embodiment.

[0069] According to the surgical requirements, the operator selects a 2.0 mm outer diameter coaxial scope 302 from the replaceable scope module 3, and selects a 0.3 mm outer diameter radiofrequency electrode from the matching surgical tools.

[0070] The operator connects and locks the coaxial scope 302 to the needle scope handle 201 of the core operating module 2 through the photoelectric interface at the tail of the coaxial scope 302. Then, the radiofrequency electrode is inserted from the instrument channel entrance of the needle scope handle 201, so that it passes through the instrument channel of the coaxial scope 302.

[0071] The operator connects the core operating module 2 to the functional support module 4 and the control and imaging host module 5. The specific connections include: connecting the fiber optic connector of the coaxial scope 302 to the light source host 401; connecting the connector of the radiofrequency electrode to the energy platform 402; connecting the perfusion pipeline connector of the needle scope handle 201 to the perfusion system 403; and connecting the signal cable of the needle scope handle 201 to the control and imaging host module 5.

[0072] The operator starts the system through the keyboard 504, and the system enters a self-checking procedure. The high-definition medical monitor 502 displays that the connection status of each module of the system is normal. The operator presets the output parameters of the energy platform 402 on the interface of the central processing and control console 501: the upper limit of the treatment temperature is 70°C, and the pulse frequency is 50 Hz. The operator presets the upper limit of the perfusion pressure of the perfusion system 403 as 30 mmHg.

[0073] Firstly, the channel is located and established. Under the guidance of the C-arm X-ray machine or the ultrasound imaging device, the puncture point of the target segment of the lumbar vertebra of the patient is determined. An 18G puncture guide needle is used to puncture and establish a preliminary path. Then, a working cannula matching the outer diameter of the selected tubular needle mirror body 202 is placed along the path, and the guide needle is pulled out, so as to establish a working channel leading to the target intervertebral disc.

[0074] Secondly, the exploration under the mirror is performed. The operator holds the core operation module 2, and places the tubular needle mirror body 202 at the front end thereof into the working cannula until the distal end thereof reaches the target area. At this time, the high-definition medical monitor 502 displays the real-time image of the tissue collected by the front end of the coaxial mirror 302 without perfusion.

[0075] Then, the clear surgical field is established and the lesion is treated. The operator starts the perfusion system 403, and physiological saline is injected into the surgical field through the perfusion channel of the coaxial mirror 302, and the turbid liquid is sucked out by the negative pressure suction function of the same channel, so that a clear surgical field is presented on the monitor 502. The pressure sensor and the closed-loop control unit ensure that the pressure in the surgical field is maintained below the preset value.

[0076] Under the direct vision of the monitor 502, the operator accurately controls the distal end of the radiofrequency electrode to touch the protruding intervertebral disc nucleus pulposus tissue. The energy platform 402 is started, and the radiofrequency electrode tip outputs nanosecond pulse radiofrequency energy to ablate the nucleus pulposus tissue point by point. The central processing and control console 501 monitors and displays the treatment temperature and other parameters in real time to ensure that they are within the safe range.

[0077] Finally, the operation is completed. After confirming that the lesion has been adequately treated, the energy output and perfusion are stopped. The operator smoothly withdraws the core operation module 2 and the working cannula together. The surgical wound is only the size of a needle hole, which can be covered with sterile dressings.

[0078] During the entire process described above, the image recording and management system 503 synchronously records and stores all the surgical pictures displayed on the high-definition medical monitor 502, together with the key operation parameters such as time, energy value, and pressure value, as a standard digital video file, which is used for subsequent medical record archiving, academic research, or teaching review.

Claims

1. A minimally invasive needle endoscopic surgery system for general use, comprising a rack (1), characterized in that, The rack (1) is provided with: a control and imaging host module (5) comprising a high-definition medical monitor (502) for displaying images and a central processing and control console (501) for processing signals; a functional support module (4) electrically connected to the central processing and control console (501) to receive control instructions, the functional support module (4) comprising an energy platform (402) for providing energy and a perfusion system (403) for providing fluid; a core operation module (2) connected to the functional support module (4) and the control and imaging host module (5), the core operation module (2) comprising a needle handle (201) and a hollow tubular needle scope body (202) coaxially connected to the needle handle (201); a replaceable scope module (3) adapted to the internal channel of the tubular needle scope body (202) and transmitting the collected image signals to the control and imaging host module (5).

2. The minimally invasive needle endoscopic surgical system for general use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The replaceable scope module (3) comprises: a solid structure straight tube scope (301) without an internal instrument channel; a coaxial scope (302) with an instrument channel and a perfusion channel; a soft scope (303) with a bendable section; a special-shaped scope (304) with an asymmetric structure.

3. The minimally invasive needle endoscopic surgical system for general use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The control and imaging host module (5) comprises: a central processing and control console (501) connected to the high-definition medical monitor (502) for processing the image signals transmitted by the replaceable scope module (3) and outputting to the high-definition medical monitor (502); an image recording and management system (503) connected to the central processing and control console (501) for storing the images displayed by the high-definition medical monitor (502); a keyboard (504) connected to the central processing and control console (501) for inputting control instructions.

4. The minimally invasive needle endoscopic surgical system for general use according to claim 1, characterized in that, The functional support module (4) comprises: a light source host (401) connected to the replaceable scope module (3) through an optical fiber; an energy platform (402) with an energy output end connected to a treatment instrument passing through the tubular needle scope body (202); a perfusion system (403) with a fluid output end in communication with a perfusion channel in the tubular needle scope body (202).

5. The minimally invasive needle endoscopic surgical system for general use according to claim 2, characterized in that, The structure of the coaxial scope (302) is: two independent channels are provided inside the coaxial scope (302) and are isolated from each other; of the two independent channels, the first channel is an instrument channel for accommodating a treatment instrument to pass through; of the two independent channels, the second channel is a perfusion channel for delivering fluid.

6. The minimally invasive needle endoscopic surgical system for general use according to claim 4, characterized in that, The parameters of the nanosecond pulse radiofrequency energy output by the energy platform (402) are defined by the following steps: the temperature of the tissue affected by the output energy of the energy platform (402) is between 35℃ and 80℃; the duration of a single pulse of the energy platform (402) is between 0.1ms and 100ms; The frequency of the energy platform (402) pulse output is between 5Hz and 100Hz.

7. The minimally invasive needle endoscopic surgical system for general use according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fluid pressure output by the perfusion system (403) is defined by the following steps: The perfusion system (403) is built-in with a pressure sensor and a closed-loop control unit; The closed-loop control unit adjusts the fluid output pressure according to the feedback signal of the pressure sensor; The maximum value of the fluid output pressure is set to 30mmHg.

8. The minimally invasive needle endoscopic surgical system for general use according to claim 2, characterized in that, The mechanical properties of the flexible section of the soft scope (303) are defined by the following steps: The maximum bending angle of the flexible section in a single plane reaches 180°; The flexible section can achieve at least two directional bending combinations, so that the total deflection range reaches 360°.

9. The minimally invasive needle endoscopic surgical system for general use according to claim 2, characterized in that, The structure of the straight tube scope (301) is defined by the following steps: The outer diameter size of the straight tube scope (301) is in the range of 0.5mm to 1.9mm; The straight tube scope (301) is a solid rigid scope body that does not contain any internal hollow channel.

10. The minimally invasive needle endoscopic surgical system for general use according to claim 5, characterized in that, The energy of the energy platform (402) is transmitted and acted by the following structure: A radio frequency electrode with a diameter of 0.3mm as a treatment instrument; The radio frequency electrode is arranged in the instrument channel of the coaxial scope (302); The distal end of the radio frequency electrode protrudes from the distal end of the coaxial scope (302) and receives energy from the energy platform (402).

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