A cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of cable testing technology, specifically to a cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device. The cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device includes a vertically arranged filter cylinder, a filter section, a storage tank, and a conversion mechanism. A first mounting cylinder is inserted into the filter cylinder, and a second mounting cylinder and a squeezing cylinder are coaxially spaced within the first mounting cylinder. The filter section is configured as a double-layered annular elastic structure, having an outer annular portion and an inner annular portion. The connecting portion between the outer and inner annular portions is clamped between the second mounting cylinder and the squeezing cylinder. The outer annular portion is inserted between the first and second mounting cylinders, and the inner annular portion is inserted within the second mounting cylinder. The storage tank stores a treatment liquid. The conversion mechanism is used to switch the outer and inner annular portions between each other, so that the exhausted treatment liquid is squeezed out of the filter section through the second mounting cylinder and the squeezing cylinder, thereby achieving self-cleaning of the filter section.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of cable testing technology, and in particular to a cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device. Background Technology

[0002] A cable is a device used to transmit and distribute electrical energy or signals. It typically consists of several or groups of conductors wrapped in an insulating protective layer and is an important component of various electrical systems.

[0003] During use, cables may cause fires due to risks such as unreliable connections, carbonization path arcs, air arcs, external heat sources, overheating of the conductor, and short circuits. Cable fires are often accompanied by the production of large amounts of dense smoke and harmful gases, which not only affect human safety but also pollute the environment and cause property damage. Therefore, in order to study the fire risks posed by cables, it is necessary to conduct combustion experiments on cables.

[0004] During cable combustion experiments, cable combustion produces a large amount of smoke, toxic gases, and combustion products. Directly releasing these waste gases into the external environment will inevitably cause pollution. To reduce pollution, filtration equipment is typically used to purify the waste gases produced by cable combustion before emission. In related technologies, such as Chinese patent CN213689507U, a cable flame retardant testing device is disclosed. When this device is in use, the harmful gases and smoke from cable combustion diffuse upwards due to high temperatures. A baffle attached to the inlet of the air intake pipe prevents the gas from flowing to the outside through the air intake pipe. The control panel controls the operation of the fan. Harmful gases enter the air intake pipe from the air intake port, and after passing through the fan, they are sent into the water absorption tank through the ventilation pipe. Dust and impurities in the smoke are filtered by the filter screen.

[0005] Although the aforementioned cable flame retardant testing device can purify exhaust gas to a certain extent, it has been found in actual use that after prolonged use, various impurities will adhere to the filter screen, resulting in a decrease in the filter screen's filtration effect. After the filter screen becomes clogged, it needs to be replaced or cleaned. However, experiments cannot be conducted during the replacement or cleaning of the filter screen, thus affecting the efficiency of cable combustion testing. Summary of the Invention

[0006] Therefore, it is necessary to provide a cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device to address the problem of poor work continuity in the current cable combustion test exhaust gas treatment process.

[0007] The above objectives are achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0008] A cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device, the cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device comprising:

[0009] A vertically oriented filter cartridge includes a separator tube inserted inside. The filter cartridge has an air inlet and an air outlet, with the air inlet communicating with the filter cartridge and the air outlet communicating with the separator tube. A first mounting cylinder with a first through hole is inserted inside the separator tube. A second mounting cylinder and a compression cylinder, coaxially spaced apart, are inserted inside the first mounting cylinder, with the second mounting cylinder having a second through hole. A first telescopic retaining ring is inserted between the first and second mounting cylinders, and a second telescopic retaining ring is inserted inside the second mounting cylinder.

[0010] The filter section is configured as a double-layer annular elastic structure, having an outer annular portion and an inner annular portion. The connecting portion between the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion is clamped between the second mounting cylinder and the extrusion cylinder. The outer annular portion is inserted between the first mounting cylinder and the second mounting cylinder and is connected to the first mounting cylinder via a first telescopic retaining ring. The inner annular portion is inserted into the second mounting cylinder and is connected to the second mounting cylinder via a second telescopic retaining ring.

[0011] A liquid storage tank is disposed on the filter cartridge and contains a treatment liquid therein. The liquid storage tank is configured to supply the treatment liquid to the filter section, and the treatment liquid is configured to absorb impurity particles and harmful components in the exhaust gas.

[0012] A conversion mechanism configured to allow the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion to be interchanged, so as to expel the failed treatment liquid from the filter section through the second mounting cylinder and the squeezing cylinder.

[0013] Furthermore, the conversion mechanism includes a first elastic element and a moving component. The first elastic element is connected between the first mounting cylinder and the outer annular portion. Under the action of the first elastic element, the outer annular portion tends to move upward along the axial direction of the first mounting cylinder. The moving component is configured to provide a driving force for the inner annular portion to move up and down along the axial direction of the mounting cylinder.

[0014] Furthermore, the moving component includes a worm, a worm wheel, and a rack. The worm and the worm wheel are both mounted on the first mounting cylinder and are both capable of rotation. The worm and the worm wheel mesh with each other. The rack is partially inserted into the second mounting cylinder and extends along a direction parallel to the axis of the second mounting cylinder. One end of the rack is fixedly connected to the inner annular portion. A gear is coaxially and fixedly mounted on the worm wheel, and the gear meshes with the rack.

[0015] Furthermore, the cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device also includes a locking mechanism, which is configured to lock the conversion ratio between the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion when the filtration section has the maximum filtration efficiency during the process of mutual conversion between the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion.

[0016] Furthermore, the first mounting cylinder is slidable along the axial direction of the separator tube; the locking mechanism includes a second elastic element, a ratchet, a ratchet block, and a friction ball. The second elastic element is connected between the filter cylinder and the first mounting cylinder. Under the action of the second elastic element, the first mounting cylinder tends to move upward along the axial direction of the filter cylinder. The ratchet is fixedly inserted into the inner peripheral wall of the separator tube and extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the separator tube. The ratchet block is disposed on the first mounting cylinder and can slide elastically along the radial direction of the first mounting cylinder, and can form a one-way engagement with the ratchet, so that the first mounting cylinder can only move downward along the axial direction of the filter cylinder. The friction ball is movably inserted into the worm gear. When the worm gear rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the friction ball can move to frictional contact with the ratchet block and drive the ratchet block to move closer to or away from the ratchet.

[0017] Furthermore, the locking mechanism also includes a third elastic element connected between the ratchet block and the first mounting cylinder, and under the action of the third elastic element, the ratchet block tends to move towards the ratchet bar.

[0018] Furthermore, the moving component also includes a drive element configured to provide a driving force for the rotation of the worm gear.

[0019] Furthermore, the extrusion cylinder has a connecting hole that connects the extrusion cylinder and the filter cylinder, and a one-way valve is inserted in the connecting hole. The opening direction of the one-way valve is from the extrusion cylinder to the filter cylinder.

[0020] Furthermore, the cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device also includes an air guide section, under the action of the air guide section, the exhaust gas entering from the air inlet can move circumferentially.

[0021] Furthermore, the cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device also includes a baffle, which is inserted inside the filter cylinder and located below the first mounting cylinder. The baffle is configured to prevent the treatment liquid at the bottom of the filter cylinder from splashing up. A third through hole is provided on the baffle.

[0022] The beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0023] The cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device provided by this invention first introduces exhaust gas into the filter cylinder through the air inlet. The exhaust gas passes sequentially through the first through hole, the outer annular section, the second through hole, and the inner annular section before being discharged from the air outlet. This achieves dual filtration of the exhaust gas through both the outer and inner annular sections, and also performs coarse-to-fine filtration, which improves the filtration effect and achieves pollution-free emissions. When the treatment liquid in the filter section becomes ineffective, the outer and inner annular sections are switched by a conversion mechanism. Under the clamping of the second mounting cylinder and the squeezing cylinder, the ineffective treatment liquid is squeezed out of the filter section, and new treatment liquid is supplied to the filter section from the storage tank. This allows for the replacement of the treatment liquid in the filter section without stopping the machine, avoiding the impact of machine downtime on the efficiency of cable combustion testing, and also improves the utilization rate of the filter section and reduces operating costs.

[0024] Furthermore, by setting a locking mechanism, during the transition between the outer and inner annular sections, when the filter section has the maximum filtration efficiency, the locking mechanism can lock the transition ratio between the outer and inner annular sections. This allows the filter section to adaptively adjust to always have the maximum filtration efficiency according to the content of impurity particles in the exhaust gas, thereby improving the testing efficiency of the cable combustion experiment.

[0025] Furthermore, by setting up an air guide section, the exhaust gas entering from the air inlet can move circumferentially during use, thereby allowing the exhaust gas to be filtered by the filter section in a circumferentially uniform manner, thus improving the filtration efficiency and utilization rate of the filter section.

[0026] Furthermore, by setting up a baffle, the treatment liquid at the bottom of the filter cartridge can be prevented from being splashed up by the exhaust gas, thus avoiding adhesion to the first mounting cylinder and affecting the passage of exhaust gas through the first through hole. Attached Figure Description

[0027] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 This is a top view of a cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 for Figure 2 Sectional view along the AA direction;

[0030] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point B in the middle;

[0031] Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point C in the middle;

[0032] Figure 6 This is a front view schematic diagram of a cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 7 for Figure 6 DD-direction cross-sectional view;

[0034] Figure 8 for Figure 6 EE-directed sectional view;

[0035] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of a cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 10 for Figure 9 A magnified schematic diagram of the structure at point F in the middle.

[0037] in:

[0038] 1. Filter cartridge; 101. Air inlet; 102. Air outlet; 11. Divider tube; 12. First mounting cylinder; 121. First through hole; 122. Bracket; 123. Liquid receiving seat; 1231. Liquid receiving port; 124. Limiting seat; 125. Support seat; 13. Second mounting cylinder; 131. Second through hole; 14. Squeezing cylinder; 15. First telescopic retaining ring; 16. Second telescopic retaining ring; 17. Mounting seat; 171. Liquid receiving hole; 18. Flow guide; 181. Flow guide channel; 19. Sealing plug;

[0039] 2. Filter section; 21. Outer annular portion; 22. Inner annular portion; 23. Connecting portion;

[0040] 3. Liquid storage tank;

[0041] 4. Conversion mechanism; 41. First tension spring; 42. Moving component; 421. Worm gear; 4211. Mounting slot; 422. Worm wheel; 423. Rack; 424. Gear; 425. Drive motor;

[0042] 5. Locking mechanism; 51. Second tension spring; 52. Ratchet; 53. Ratchet block; 54. Friction ball; 55. Third tension spring;

[0043] 6. Air guide section;

[0044] 7. Partition section. Detailed Implementation

[0045] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below through embodiments and in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.

[0046] The component designations used in this document, such as "first" and "second," are merely for distinguishing the described objects and do not have any sequential or technical meaning. The terms "connection" and "linkage," unless otherwise specified, include both direct and indirect connections (linkages). In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description. They do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

[0047] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0048] like Figures 1 to 10As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides a cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device for absorbing exhaust gas generated during a cable combustion test. The device comprises a vertically arranged filter cylinder 1, a filter section 2, a storage tank 3, and a conversion mechanism 4. A separator tube 11 is inserted inside the filter cylinder 1. The filter cylinder 1 has an air inlet 101 and an air outlet 102. The air inlet 101 is connected to the filter cylinder 1, and the air outlet 102 is connected to the separator tube 11. A first mounting cylinder 12 is inserted inside the separator tube 11, and a first through hole 121 is provided on the first mounting cylinder 12. A second mounting cylinder 13 and a compression cylinder 14, coaxially arranged and spaced apart, are inserted inside the first mounting cylinder 12. A second through hole 131 is provided on the second mounting cylinder 13. A first telescopic retaining ring 15 is inserted between the first mounting cylinder 12 and the second mounting cylinder 13, and a second telescopic retaining ring 16 is inserted inside the second mounting cylinder 13. The filter section 2 is configured as a double-layer annular elastic structure. The filter cartridge 1 has an outer annular portion 21 and an inner annular portion 22. The connecting portion 23 between the outer annular portion 21 and the inner annular portion 22 is sandwiched between the second mounting cylinder 13 and the extrusion cylinder 14. The outer annular portion 21 is inserted between the first mounting cylinder 12 and the second mounting cylinder 13 and is connected to the first mounting cylinder 12 by a first telescopic retaining ring 15. The inner annular portion 22 is inserted into the second mounting cylinder 13 and is connected to the second mounting cylinder 13 by a second telescopic retaining ring 16. A storage tank 3 is provided on the filter cartridge 1 and stores treatment liquid therein. The storage tank 3 is configured to provide treatment liquid to the filter section 2. The treatment liquid is configured to absorb impurity particles and harmful components in the exhaust gas. A conversion mechanism 4 is configured to convert the outer annular portion 21 and the inner annular portion 22 to each other so that the failed treatment liquid can be squeezed out of the filter section 2 by the second mounting cylinder 13 and the extrusion cylinder 14.

[0049] Specifically, in this embodiment, such as Figure 1 As shown, the upper part of the filter cartridge 1 is configured as a box structure, and the lower part is configured as a cylindrical structure. The air inlet 101 is located on the rear side wall of the box structure of the filter cartridge 1, and the air outlet 102 is located on the front side wall of the box structure of the filter cartridge 1; Figure 3As shown, the separator tube 11 and the filter cylinder 1 are coaxially arranged, with the top end fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the filter cylinder 1 and the bottom end suspended. The first mounting cylinder 12 is coaxially inserted into the separator tube 11 during installation, with an open top that communicates with the separator tube 11 and a suspended bottom. There are multiple first through holes 121, all of which are opened on the circumferential side wall of the first mounting cylinder 12. The second mounting cylinder 13 is coaxially inserted into the first mounting cylinder 12 during installation, with the top fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the first mounting cylinder 12. The top of the second mounting cylinder 13 is open and communicates with the separator tube 11, while the bottom is open and suspended. There are multiple second through holes 131, all of which are opened on the circumferential side wall of the second mounting cylinder 13. The extrusion cylinder 14 is coaxially inserted into the first mounting cylinder 12 during installation, with the bottom fixedly connected to the inner bottom wall of the first mounting cylinder 12 and an open top.

[0050] like Figure 3 As shown, the first telescopic baffle ring 15 is coaxially inserted between the first mounting cylinder 12 and the second mounting cylinder 13 during installation. Its top is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the first mounting cylinder 12, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the outer annular portion 21. It can extend and retract along its own axis. The first telescopic baffle ring 15 ensures that the exhaust gas entering between the first mounting cylinder 12 and the second mounting cylinder 13 can only pass through the outer annular portion 21 and the second through hole 131 in sequence to enter the interior of the second mounting cylinder 13. The second telescopic baffle ring 16 is coaxially inserted into the interior of the second mounting cylinder 13 during installation. Its top is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the second mounting cylinder 13, and its bottom is fixedly connected to the top of the inner annular portion 22. It can extend and retract along its own axis. The second telescopic baffle ring 16 ensures that the exhaust gas entering the interior of the second mounting cylinder 13 can only pass through the inner annular portion 22 to be discharged from the outlet 102.

[0051] like Figure 3 As shown, the cross-sectional shape of the filter section 2 is U-shaped, with the outer annular portion 21 located on the outside and the inner annular portion 22 located on the inside. The transition section between the outer annular portion 21 and the inner annular portion 22 is the connecting portion 23. The outer annular portion 21, being located on the outside, has a larger diameter and a smaller thickness, enabling it to perform coarse filtration of the exhaust gas. The inner annular portion 22, being located on the inside, has a smaller diameter and a larger thickness, enabling it to perform fine filtration of the exhaust gas.

[0052] Understandably, the filter section 2 can be made of cotton material.

[0053] It is understandable that the filter section 2 can also be configured with an elastic metal mesh as support and cotton as the filter material.

[0054] To facilitate the installation of storage tank 3, such as Figure 3 As shown, a mounting base 17 is fixedly installed on the top of the filter cartridge 1. The liquid storage tank 3 is installed on the mounting base 17 with its opening facing downwards. A liquid receiving hole 171 is provided on the top of the mounting base 17, and the liquid receiving hole 171 is connected to the opening of the liquid storage tank 3. To facilitate the guidance of the treatment liquid inside the liquid storage tank 3 into the filter section 2, a guide section 18 is inserted inside the separator tube 11. The guide section 18 is composed of an inverted T-shaped rotating body structure and a strip-shaped guide structure, wherein the rotating body structure is composed of a vertically arranged disc-shaped... The filter consists of a disc-shaped portion and a tubular portion. The disc-shaped portion has a C-shaped cross-section with its opening facing downwards. During installation, the guide section 18 is inserted into the inner top wall of the tubular portion and communicates with the liquid receiving hole 171. A first flow groove extending radially and penetrating the tubular portion is provided on the top surface of the disc-shaped portion. The guide structure is vertically positioned at the bottom of the disc-shaped portion. A strip-shaped second flow groove is provided outside the guide structure. The second flow groove and the first flow groove together form the guide channel 181. Figure 10 As shown, a liquid receiving seat 123 is provided at the top of the first mounting cylinder 12, and a liquid receiving port 1231 is vertically provided through the liquid receiving seat 123, as shown. Figure 3 As shown, the liquid inlet 1231 is located directly below the flow channel 181 to facilitate the introduction of the treatment liquid between the first telescopic baffle ring 15 and the second mounting cylinder 13.

[0055] More specifically, to improve the compression effect of the second mounting cylinder 13 and the extrusion cylinder 14 on the connecting portion 23, such as Figure 4 As shown, extrusion rings are coaxially and fixedly installed at the bottom of the second mounting cylinder 13 and the top of the extrusion cylinder 14, and the cross-sectional shape of the extrusion rings is set to be circular so that when the connecting part 23 is extruded, the connecting part 23 and the two extrusion rings have a large contact area.

[0056] In use, exhaust gas is first introduced into the filter cartridge 1 through the air inlet 101. The exhaust gas passes sequentially through the first through hole 121, the outer annular portion 21, the second through hole 131, and the inner annular portion 22 before being discharged from the air outlet 102. This achieves dual filtration of the exhaust gas through the outer annular portion 21 and the inner annular portion 22, and also performs coarse-to-fine filtration, which improves the filtration effect and achieves pollution-free emissions. When the treatment liquid in the filter section 2 becomes ineffective, the outer annular portion is switched off by the conversion mechanism 4. The inner annular section 22 and the second mounting cylinder 13 and the squeezing cylinder 14 alternate with each other. The failed treatment liquid is squeezed out from the filter section 2 under the clamping of the second mounting cylinder 13 and the squeezing cylinder 14. The new treatment liquid first flows out from the inside of the storage tank 3, and then flows to the filter section 2 after passing through the liquid receiving hole 171, the guide channel 181 and the liquid receiving port 1231 in sequence. This allows the treatment liquid on the filter section 2 to be replaced without stopping the machine, avoiding the impact of machine stoppage on the efficiency of cable combustion testing. On the other hand, it can improve the utilization rate of the filter section 2 and reduce the operating cost.

[0057] In some embodiments, the conversion mechanism 4 is configured to include a first elastic element and a moving component 42. The first elastic element is connected between the first mounting cylinder 12 and the outer annular portion 21. Under the action of the first elastic element, the outer annular portion 21 tends to move upward along the axial direction of the first mounting cylinder 12. The moving component 42 is configured to provide a driving force for the inner annular portion 22 to move up and down along the axial direction of the mounting cylinder.

[0058] Specifically, in this embodiment, the first elastic element is set as a first tension spring 41, such as... Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, the first tension spring 41 is installed vertically and inserted between the first telescopic retaining ring 15 and the second mounting cylinder 13. The top end of the first tension spring 41 is fixedly connected to the inner top wall of the first mounting cylinder 12, and the bottom end is fixedly connected to the top of the outer annular portion 21. Under the action of the first tension spring 41, the outer annular portion 21 has a tendency to move upward along the axial direction of the first mounting cylinder 12.

[0059] During use, when the moving component 42 drives the inner ring portion 22 to move upward, the outer ring portion 21 converts into the inner ring portion 22, and the first tension spring 41 is stretched and stores force; when the moving component 42 drives the inner ring portion 22 to move downward, the inner ring portion 22 converts into the outer ring portion 21 under the pull of the first tension spring 41.

[0060] In a further embodiment, the moving component 42 is arranged to include a worm 421, a worm wheel 422 and a rack 423. The worm 421 and the worm wheel 422 are both arranged on the first mounting cylinder 12 and can both rotate self - sufficiently. The worm 421 and the worm wheel 422 are meshed; a part of the rack 423 is inserted into the second mounting cylinder 13 and extends along the direction parallel to the axis of the second mounting cylinder 13. One end of the rack 423 is fixedly connected to the inner - layer annular part 22; a gear 424 is coaxially and fixedly arranged on the worm wheel 422, and the gear 424 and the rack 423 are meshed.

[0061] Specifically in this embodiment, as Figure 3 and Figure 5 shown, the worm 421 is vertically arranged at the top of the first mounting cylinder 12, and the worm wheel 422 is horizontally arranged at the top of the first mounting cylinder 12; for the convenience of installing the worm wheel 422, as Figure 10 shown, a support seat 125 is arranged at the top of the first mounting cylinder 12. The support seat 125 is arranged in a "U" - shaped structure with the opening facing downwards. When installed, the worm wheel 422 is sleeved on the support seat 125 and can rotate self - sufficiently; when installed, the gear 424 is sleeved on the support seat 125 and can rotate self - sufficiently, and is fixedly connected to the worm wheel 422 so as to be able to rotate synchronously with the worm wheel 422.

[0062] During use, the worm 421 is driven to rotate. The worm 421 drives the worm wheel 422 to rotate. The worm wheel 422 drives the gear 424 to rotate. The gear 424 drives the inner - layer annular part 22 to move up and down through the rack 423.

[0063] In a further embodiment, the cable combustion experiment waste gas filtering device is further arranged to include a locking mechanism 5. The locking mechanism 5 is configured to lock the conversion ratio between the outer - layer annular part 21 and the inner - layer annular part 22 when the filtering part 2 has the maximum filtering efficiency during the process of mutual conversion between the outer - layer annular part 21 and the inner - layer annular part 22.

[0064] During use, during the process of mutual conversion between the outer - layer annular part 21 and the inner - layer annular part 22, when the filtering part 2 has the maximum filtering efficiency, the conversion ratio between the outer - layer annular part 21 and the inner - layer annular part 22 can be locked through the locking mechanism 5, so that the filtering part 2 can be adaptively adjusted to always have the maximum filtering efficiency according to the content of impurity particles in the waste gas, thereby improving the test efficiency of the cable combustion experiment.

[0065] In a further embodiment, the first mounting cylinder 12 can slide along the axial direction of the separator tube 11; the locking mechanism 5 is configured to include a second elastic element, a ratchet 52, a ratchet block 53, and a friction ball 54. The second elastic element is connected between the filter tube 1 and the first mounting cylinder 12. Under the action of the second elastic element, the first mounting cylinder 12 has a tendency to move upward along the axial direction of the filter tube 1; the ratchet 52 is fixedly inserted into the inner peripheral wall of the separator tube 11 and extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the separator tube 11; the ratchet block 53 is disposed on the first mounting cylinder 12 and can slide elastically along the radial direction of the first mounting cylinder 12, and can form a one-way engagement with the ratchet 52, so that the first mounting cylinder 12 can only move downward along the axial direction of the filter tube 1; the friction ball 54 is movably inserted into the worm gear 421. When the worm gear 421 rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the friction ball 54 can move to frictional contact with the ratchet block 53 and drive the ratchet block 53 to move towards or away from the ratchet 52.

[0066] In this specific embodiment, the second elastic element is configured as a second tension spring 51, such as... Figure 7 As shown, the second tension spring 51 is vertically placed inside the separator tube 11, with its top end fixedly connected to the bottom of the guide section 18 and its bottom end fixedly connected to the first mounting cylinder 12. Under the action of the second tension spring 51, the first mounting cylinder 12 has a tendency to move upward along the axial direction of the filter cylinder 1; as Figure 8 As shown, the ratchet block 53 is configured as a "Z"-shaped block structure and is horizontally positioned at the top of the first mounting cylinder 12. To restrict the sliding direction of the ratchet block 53, a limiting seat 124 is fixedly provided at the top of the first mounting cylinder 12. During installation, the ratchet block 53 is configured to slide into the limiting seat 124. Under the restriction of the limiting seat 124, the ratchet block 53 can only slide along the radial direction of the first mounting cylinder 12 and can simultaneously move along the axial direction with the first mounting cylinder 12. Figure 5 As shown, an installation groove 4211 is obliquely opened on the bottom outer peripheral wall of the worm 421. The end of the installation groove 4211 closer to the axis of the worm 421 is set lower than the other end farther away from the axis of the worm 421. There are multiple installation grooves 4211, which are evenly arranged along the circumference. A friction ball 54 is inserted into each installation groove 4211.

[0067] Initially, under the pull of the second tension spring 51, the first mounting cylinder 12 has an upward tendency. At this time, under the unidirectional cooperation of the ratchet 52 and the ratchet block 53, the first mounting cylinder 12 is in a stationary state.

[0068] When the treatment fluid in the filter section 2 becomes ineffective, it drives the worm gear 421 to rotate. The worm gear 421 drives the gear 424 to rotate via the worm wheel 422. The gear 424 first drives the rack 423 to move downward. At this time, under the pull of the first tension spring 41, the inner annular part 22 is converted to the outer annular part 21, so that the inner annular part 22 is squeezed out of the ineffective treatment fluid first. On the other hand, the centrifugal force drives the friction ball 54 to move to the end of the mounting groove 4211 away from the axis of the worm gear 421, and it comes into frictional contact with the ratchet block 53. When 421 rotates, under the action of friction, the friction ball 54 synchronously drives the ratchet block 53 to move closer to the ratchet bar 52, so that the ratchet block 53 and the ratchet bar 52 are continuously engaged. At this time, under the pull of the second tension spring 51, the first mounting cylinder 12 has a tendency to move upward along the axis of the filter cylinder 1. During the process of the inner annular part 22 turning into the outer annular part 21, as the area of ​​the inner annular part 22 decreases, the exhaust gas is more difficult to pass through the inner annular part 22, so that the exhaust gas content and pressure outside the second mounting cylinder 13 gradually increase.

[0069] When the inner annular portion 22 disappears, the exhaust gas cannot be discharged through the outlet 102; then the rack 423 moves upward, and under the pull of the rack 423, the outer annular portion 21 is converted into the inner annular portion 22, thereby squeezing out the failed treatment liquid in the outer annular portion 21, and the first tension spring 41 is stretched and stores force; during the conversion of the outer annular portion 21 into the inner annular portion 22, as the area of ​​the outer annular portion 21 decreases, the exhaust gas has difficulty passing through the outer annular portion 21, which further increases the exhaust gas content and pressure outside the first mounting cylinder 12. Under the combined action of the pressure difference and the second tension spring 51, the first mounting cylinder 12 can move upward along the axial direction of the filter cylinder 1.

[0070] When the outer annular portion 21 disappears, the exhaust gas cannot be discharged through the outlet 102. The first mounting cylinder 12 moves upward to its limit position, at which point the failed treatment liquid in the filter section 2 is completely squeezed out. Then, the rack 423 moves downward, and under the pull of the first tension spring 41, the inner annular portion 22 is converted to the outer annular portion 21. During the conversion process, since the inner annular portion 22 and the outer annular portion 21 have already filtered the exhaust gas once, impurity particles and harmful components remain in both. These impurity particles and harmful components will hinder the passage of exhaust gas. Due to the uncertainty of the distribution of impurity particles and harmful components, the filtration efficiency of the filter section 2 is different when the inner annular portion 22 and the outer annular portion 21 are in different proportions. As the rack 423 moves, the filtration efficiency of the filter section 2 will change from 0 to 1. The pressure gradually increases, causing the exhaust gas content and pressure outside the second mounting cylinder 13 to gradually decrease, and the pushing force on the first mounting cylinder 12 due to the pressure difference to gradually decrease. When the overall weight of the first mounting cylinder 12 is greater than the resultant force of the second tension spring 51 and the pushing force due to the pressure difference, the first mounting cylinder 12 begins to move downward. When the filtration efficiency of the filter section 2 approaches its maximum, the exhaust gas content and pressure outside the second mounting cylinder 13 tend to increase, and the pushing force on the first mounting cylinder 12 due to the pressure difference tends to increase. When the filtration efficiency of the filter section 2 reaches its maximum, the first mounting cylinder 12 tends to move upward along the axial direction. At this time, under the unidirectional cooperation of the ratchet block 53 and the ratchet 52, the first mounting cylinder 12 cannot move upward, thus locking the conversion ratio between the outer annular portion 21 and the inner annular portion 22.

[0071] In a further embodiment, the locking mechanism 5 is configured to further include a third elastic element, which is connected between the ratchet block 53 and the first mounting cylinder 12. Under the action of the third elastic element, the ratchet block 53 has a tendency to move towards the ratchet bar 52.

[0072] Specifically, in this embodiment, the third elastic element is set as a third tension spring 55, such as... Figure 8 As shown, the third tension spring 55 is connected between the ratchet block 53 and the limiting seat 124. Under the action of the third tension spring 55, the ratchet block 53 tends to move towards the ratchet bar 52 so that the ratchet block 53 can lock with the ratchet bar 52, thereby allowing the first mounting cylinder 12 to be in a stationary state at the beginning.

[0073] In other embodiments, to improve the stability of the first mounting cylinder 12 during movement, two of each of the ratchet 52, ratchet block 53, limit seat 124, and third tension spring 55 are provided, such as... Figure 7 As shown, two ratchet bars 52 are symmetrically inserted into the inner circumferential wall of the partition tube 11; as Figure 8As shown, the two ratchet blocks 53, the limiting seat 124 and the third tension spring 55 are all centrally symmetrically arranged on the top of the first mounting cylinder 12, and the ratchet blocks 53 and the ratchet 52 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

[0074] In other embodiments, the moving component 42 is configured to also include a drive element, which is configured to provide a driving force for the rotation of the worm gear 421.

[0075] In this specific embodiment, the driving component is configured as a drive motor 425, such as... Figure 7 As shown, in order to facilitate the installation of the drive motor 425, a bracket 122 is fixedly installed on the top of the first mounting cylinder 12. The drive motor 425 is installed on the top of the bracket 122, with the motor shaft of the drive motor 425 facing downwards and coaxially fixedly connected to the top of the worm gear 421.

[0076] More specifically, the bottom end of the second tension spring 51 is configured to be fixedly connected to the top of the bracket 122 during installation.

[0077] When in use, start the drive motor 425, which drives the worm 421 to rotate. The worm 421 drives the gear 424 to rotate through the worm wheel 422, and the gear 424 drives the rack 423 to move up and down.

[0078] In other embodiments, to reduce the accumulation of processing liquid inside the extrusion cylinder 14, a connecting hole is provided on the extrusion cylinder 14, the connecting hole connecting the extrusion cylinder 14 and the filter cylinder 1, and a one-way valve is inserted in the connecting hole, the opening direction of the one-way valve being from the extrusion cylinder 14 to the filter cylinder 1.

[0079] During use, as the outer annular portion 21 and the inner annular portion 22 switch, the treatment liquid in the connecting portion 23 is gradually squeezed out by the second mounting cylinder 13 and the squeezing cylinder 14, and some of the treatment liquid falls into the squeezing cylinder 14; as the amount of treatment liquid in the squeezing cylinder 14 increases, the one-way valve can open, so that the treatment liquid in the squeezing cylinder 14 can enter the bottom of the filter cylinder 1 through the connecting hole.

[0080] In other embodiments, to further improve the utilization rate of the filter section 2, the cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device is configured to also include an air guide section 6, under the action of the air guide section 6, the exhaust gas entering from the air inlet 101 can move circumferentially.

[0081] Specifically, in this embodiment, such as Figure 9 As shown, the guide part is configured as an annular structure and is fixedly inserted between the filter cylinder 1 and the separator 11. Several guide vanes are inclinedly arranged on the outer peripheral wall of the guide part. Under the guidance of the guide vanes, the exhaust gas entering from the air inlet 101 can move circumferentially.

[0082] When in use, the exhaust gas entering from the air inlet 101 can move circumferentially under the guidance of the guide vane, so that the exhaust gas can be filtered by the filter section 2 in a circumferentially uniform manner, thereby improving the filtration efficiency and utilization rate of the filter section 2.

[0083] In a further embodiment, to prevent the treatment liquid at the bottom of the filter cylinder 1 from splashing up due to the exhaust gas, the cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device is configured to also include a baffle 7, which is inserted inside the filter cylinder 1 and located below the first mounting cylinder 12. The baffle 7 is configured to block the treatment liquid at the bottom of the filter cylinder 1 from splashing up; a third through hole is provided on the baffle 7.

[0084] Specifically, in this embodiment, such as Figure 3 As shown, the partition 7 is a cylindrical structure with an open top and is coaxially inserted into the filter cylinder 1. The bottom of the partition 7 is a frustum-shaped structure with the small end facing upward. There are multiple third through holes, which are evenly distributed on the bottom surface of the partition 7.

[0085] In use, the treatment liquid flowing out from the connecting hole or the first through hole 121 can first fall freely to the bottom of the baffle 7, then move outward under the guidance of the conical surface, and finally fall to the bottom of the filter cartridge 1 through the third through hole.

[0086] In other embodiments, to facilitate the discharge of the treatment liquid at the bottom of the filter cartridge 1, such as... Figure 3 As shown, a sealing plug 19 is inserted through the bottom of the filter cartridge 1.

[0087] In use, the sealing plug 19 can be introduced into the filter cartridge 1 so that the treatment liquid can pass through the blockage of the sealing plug 19 and be discharged to the outside of the filter cartridge 1; after the discharge is completed, the sealing plug 19 can be resealed at the bottom of the filter cartridge 1.

[0088] In other embodiments, to improve the efficiency and uniformity of the absorption of the treatment liquid by the filtration section 2, such as... Figure 8 As shown, there are three liquid receiving seats 123, which are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction; correspondingly, there are three flow guiding structures, which are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction, so as to form three flow guiding channels 181.

[0089] When in use, the new treatment liquid first flows out from the inside of the storage tank 3, and then is divided into three streams through the liquid receiving hole 171. The three streams of treatment liquid flow simultaneously onto the filter section 2 through three guide channels 181 and three liquid receiving ports 1231 at intervals of 120 degrees.

[0090] Based on the above embodiments, the usage principle and working process of the embodiments of the present invention are as follows:

[0091] Initially, under the pull of the second tension spring 51, the first mounting cylinder 12 tends to move upward as a whole. At this time, under the unidirectional cooperation of the ratchet 52 and the ratchet block 53, the first mounting cylinder 12 is in a stationary state.

[0092] In use, exhaust gas is first introduced into the filter cartridge 1 through the air inlet 101. The exhaust gas passes through the first through hole 121, the outer annular part 21, the second through hole 131, and the inner annular part 22 in sequence before being discharged from the air outlet 102, achieving pollution-free emission.

[0093] After a preset processing time, when the treatment liquid in the filter section 2 becomes ineffective, the drive motor 425 is activated. The drive motor 425 drives the worm gear 421 to rotate. The worm gear 421 drives the gear 424 to rotate through the worm wheel 422. The gear 424 first drives the rack 423 to move downward. At this time, under the pull of the first tension spring 41, the inner annular part 22 is converted to the outer annular part 21, so that the inner annular part 22 is squeezed out of the ineffective treatment liquid first. On the other hand, the centrifugal force drives the friction ball 54 to move to the end of the mounting groove 4211 away from the axis of the worm gear 421. The friction ball 54 simultaneously drives the ratchet block 53 to move closer to the ratchet bar 52 under the action of friction force when the worm gear 421 rotates. This causes the ratchet block 53 and the ratchet bar 52 to continuously engage. At this time, under the pull of the second tension spring 51, the first mounting cylinder 12 tends to move upward along the axis of the filter cylinder 1. During the process of the inner annular part 22 turning into the outer annular part 21, as the area of ​​the inner annular part 22 decreases, the exhaust gas has difficulty passing through the inner annular part 22, which causes the exhaust gas content and pressure outside the second mounting cylinder 13 to gradually increase.

[0094] When the inner annular portion 22 disappears, the exhaust gas cannot be discharged through the outlet 102; then the rack 423 moves upward, and under the pull of the rack 423, the outer annular portion 21 is converted into the inner annular portion 22, thereby squeezing out the failed treatment liquid in the outer annular portion 21, and the first tension spring 41 is stretched and stores force; during the conversion of the outer annular portion 21 into the inner annular portion 22, as the area of ​​the outer annular portion 21 decreases, the exhaust gas has difficulty passing through the outer annular portion 21, which further increases the exhaust gas content and pressure outside the first mounting cylinder 12. Under the combined action of the pressure difference and the second tension spring 51, the first mounting cylinder 12 can move upward along the axial direction of the filter cylinder 1.

[0095] When the outer annular portion 21 disappears, the exhaust gas cannot be discharged through the outlet 102. The first mounting cylinder 12 moves upward to its limit position, at which point the failed treatment liquid in the filter section 2 is completely squeezed out. Then, the rack 423 moves downward, and under the pull of the first tension spring 41, the inner annular portion 22 is converted to the outer annular portion 21. During the conversion process, since the inner annular portion 22 and the outer annular portion 21 have already filtered the exhaust gas once, impurity particles and harmful components remain in both. These impurity particles and harmful components will hinder the passage of exhaust gas. Due to the uncertainty of the distribution of impurity particles and harmful components, the filtration efficiency of the filter section 2 is different when the inner annular portion 22 and the outer annular portion 21 are in different proportions. As the rack 423 moves, the filtration efficiency of the filter section 2 will change from 0 to 1. The pressure gradually increases, causing the exhaust gas content and pressure outside the second mounting cylinder 13 to gradually decrease, and the pushing force on the first mounting cylinder 12 due to the pressure difference to gradually decrease. When the overall weight of the first mounting cylinder 12 is greater than the resultant force of the second tension spring 51 and the pushing force due to the pressure difference, the first mounting cylinder 12 begins to move downward. When the filtration efficiency of the filter section 2 approaches its maximum, the exhaust gas content and pressure outside the second mounting cylinder 13 tend to increase, and the pushing force on the first mounting cylinder 12 due to the pressure difference tends to increase. When the filtration efficiency of the filter section 2 reaches its maximum, the first mounting cylinder 12 tends to move upward along the axial direction. At this time, under the unidirectional cooperation of the ratchet block 53 and the ratchet 52, the first mounting cylinder 12 cannot move upward, thus locking the conversion ratio between the outer annular portion 21 and the inner annular portion 22.

[0096] The new treatment fluid first flows out from the inside of the storage tank 3, and then flows through the liquid receiving hole 171, the guide channel 181, and the liquid receiving port 1231 in sequence to the filter section 2, so that the treatment fluid on the filter section 2 can be replaced without stopping the machine.

[0097] The technical features of the above embodiments can be combined in any way. For the sake of brevity, not all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are described. However, as long as there is no contradiction in the combination of these technical features, they should be considered to be within the scope of this specification.

[0098] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of the present invention, and while the descriptions are specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the invention. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of the present invention, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device, characterized in that, The exhaust gas filtration device for the cable combustion experiment includes: A vertically oriented filter cartridge includes a separator tube inserted inside. The filter cartridge has an air inlet and an air outlet, with the air inlet communicating with the filter cartridge and the air outlet communicating with the separator tube. A first mounting cylinder with a first through hole is inserted inside the separator tube. A second mounting cylinder and a compression cylinder, coaxially spaced apart, are inserted inside the first mounting cylinder, with the second mounting cylinder having a second through hole. A first telescopic retaining ring is inserted between the first and second mounting cylinders, and a second telescopic retaining ring is inserted inside the second mounting cylinder. The filter section is configured as a double-layer annular elastic structure, having an outer annular portion and an inner annular portion. The connecting portion between the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion is clamped between the second mounting cylinder and the extrusion cylinder. The outer annular portion is inserted between the first mounting cylinder and the second mounting cylinder and is connected to the first mounting cylinder via a first telescopic retaining ring. The inner annular portion is inserted into the second mounting cylinder and is connected to the second mounting cylinder via a second telescopic retaining ring. A liquid storage tank is disposed on the filter cartridge and contains a treatment liquid therein. The liquid storage tank is configured to supply the treatment liquid to the filter section, and the treatment liquid is configured to absorb impurity particles and harmful components in the exhaust gas. A conversion mechanism configured to allow the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion to be interchanged, so as to expel the failed treatment liquid from the filter section through the second mounting cylinder and the squeezing cylinder; the conversion mechanism includes a moving component; the moving component includes a worm gear; The cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device also includes a locking mechanism, which is configured to lock the conversion ratio between the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion when the filtration section has the maximum filtration efficiency during the process of mutual conversion between the outer annular portion and the inner annular portion. The first mounting cylinder is slidable along the axial direction of the separator tube; the locking mechanism includes a second elastic element, a ratchet, a ratchet block, and a friction ball. The second elastic element is connected between the filter cylinder and the first mounting cylinder. Under the action of the second elastic element, the first mounting cylinder tends to move upward along the axial direction of the filter cylinder; the ratchet is fixedly inserted into the inner peripheral wall of the separator tube and extends in a direction parallel to the axial direction of the separator tube; the ratchet block is disposed on the first mounting cylinder and can slide elastically along the radial direction of the first mounting cylinder, and can form a one-way engagement with the ratchet, so that the first mounting cylinder can only move downward along the axial direction of the filter cylinder; the friction ball is movably inserted into the worm gear. When the worm gear rotates, under the action of centrifugal force, the friction ball can move to frictional contact with the ratchet block and drive the ratchet block to move closer to or away from the ratchet. The exhaust gas filtration device for the cable combustion experiment also includes an air guide section, under the action of the air guide section, the exhaust gas entering from the air inlet can move circumferentially; The cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device also includes a baffle, which is inserted inside the filter cylinder and located below the first mounting cylinder. The baffle is configured to prevent the treatment liquid at the bottom of the filter cylinder from splashing up. A third through hole is provided on the baffle.

2. The cable combustion experiment exhaust gas filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conversion mechanism further includes a first elastic element, which is connected between the first mounting cylinder and the outer annular portion. Under the action of the first elastic element, the outer annular portion tends to move upward along the axial direction of the first mounting cylinder. The moving component is configured to provide a driving force for the inner annular portion to move up and down along the axial direction of the mounting cylinder.

3. The cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The moving component further includes a worm gear and a rack. Both the worm and the worm gear are mounted on the first mounting cylinder and are capable of rotation. The worm and the worm gear mesh with each other. The rack is partially inserted into the second mounting cylinder and extends along a direction parallel to the axis of the second mounting cylinder. One end of the rack is fixedly connected to the inner annular portion. A gear is coaxially and fixedly mounted on the worm gear, and the gear meshes with the rack.

4. The cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The locking mechanism further includes a third elastic element connected between the ratchet block and the first mounting cylinder. Under the action of the third elastic element, the ratchet block tends to move towards the ratchet bar.

5. The cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The moving component also includes a drive element configured to provide a driving force for the rotation of the worm gear.

6. The cable combustion test exhaust gas filtration device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The extrusion cylinder has a connecting hole that connects the extrusion cylinder and the filter cylinder. A one-way valve is inserted into the connecting hole, and the opening direction of the one-way valve is from the extrusion cylinder to the filter cylinder.

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