Calcium-based soil conditioner as well as preparation method and application thereof
By preparing calcium-based soil conditioners, the soil microbial community in greenhouse cultivation was regulated, which solved the problems of soil microbial imbalance and increased pathogens, and improved soil health and plant growth.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510976905.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-16
- Publication Date
- 2025-11-07
AI Technical Summary
The imbalance of microbial communities in greenhouse cultivation soil leads to an increase in the number of pathogens, resulting in frequent outbreaks of soil-borne diseases. Existing methods are insufficient to effectively inhibit the growth of pathogens.
A calcium-based soil conditioner, consisting of straw, calcium salts, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium fertilizers, and a decomposition accelerator, is prepared through decomposition and mixing. This conditioner regulates the soil microbial community, increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria, and reduces the abundance of pathogenic bacteria.
It significantly increases the abundance of beneficial bacteria in the soil, such as those from the families Xanthomonas and Xanthomonas, while decreasing the abundance of pathogens, such as Aspergillus and Rhizopus, thereby improving soil structure and plant growth.
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Figure CN120903992A_ABST
Abstract
Description
TECHNICAL FIELD
[0001] The application relates to the technical field of soil improvement, in particular to a calcium-based soil conditioner and a preparation method and application thereof. BACKGROUND
[0002] The soil acidification and salinization are serious, the microbial flora is out of balance, and soil-borne diseases frequently occur in the facility cultivation soil with continuous cropping obstacles. A large number of reports have shown that the continuous cropping obstacles in the facility cultivation soil can be reduced by using rotation, balanced fertilization, soil disinfection, acidification and salinization prevention and control and the like. Researches have shown that the direct straw returning to the field can increase the organic matter of the facility vegetable soil and reduce the water-soluble salt content in the soil; and the corn straw after composting and application can prevent and control the root-knot nematode disease.
[0003] However, the accumulation of soil harmful microorganisms is also an important reason for the continuous cropping obstacles. The facility soil has suitable temperature for the growth and reproduction of pathogenic bacteria all the year round, so that the number of pathogenic bacteria in the soil is continuously increased. Meanwhile, the excessive use of chemical fertilizers in the facility cultivation also leads to the reduction of pathogenic bacteria in the soil, which further promotes the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria. SUMMARY
[0004] Therefore, the purpose of the application is to provide a calcium-based soil conditioner, a preparation method and application, so as to solve the technical problems of the soil microbial community out of control and the growth of pathogenic microorganisms being unable to be inhibited mentioned in the background.
[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the application adopts the following technical solutions.
[0006] A calcium-based soil conditioner, comprising, in percentage by weight, 85-90% of straw, 4-5% of calcium salt, 4-8% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 0.1-0.5% of rotting agent and 0.1-0.5% of acid-resistant spore bacteria.
[0007] Preferably, the straw is one or more of rice straw, corn straw, peanut straw and wheat straw.
[0008] Preferably, the calcium salt is one or more of CaC2O4, Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, CaCl2, CaSO4 and Ca(H2PO4)2.
[0009] Preferably, the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is a mixture with a weight ratio of urea:superphosphate of lime:potassium sulfate=13:83:12.
[0010] Preferably, the rotting agent is EM bacteria.
[0011] The application also provides a preparation method of the calcium-based soil conditioner, comprising the following steps.
[0012] (1) Add decomposition accelerator and calcium salt to straw, mix well, decompose at 25℃ for 30 days, and ventilate once every 3 to 5 days.
[0013] (2) The above-mentioned straw decomposition products are mixed with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and acid-resistant Bacillus to obtain calcium-based soil conditioner.
[0014] This invention also provides the application of the calcium-based soil conditioner described above or the calcium-based soil conditioner prepared by the method in the regulation of soil microbial communities.
[0015] Preferably, the dosage of the calcium-based soil conditioner is 1700 kg / mu.
[0016] Preferably, the regulation of the soil microbial community specifically includes: increasing the abundance of Flavobacteriales and Xanthomonas in the soil, and decreasing the abundance of Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus oryzae.
[0017] As can be seen from the above technical solution, compared with the prior art, the present invention discloses a calcium-based soil conditioner, its preparation method, and its application, which has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] The calcium-based soil conditioner proposed in this invention significantly increases the abundance of Xanthobacteraceae and Xanthomonadaceae in the soil after being added to the soil, while significantly decreasing the abundance of Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus arrhizus. Attached Figure Description
[0019] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the provided drawings without creative effort.
[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the experimental results of soil bacterial diversity changes under different treatments in this invention;
[0021] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram showing the results of soil pathogenic fungi under different treatments in this invention;
[0022] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram showing the experimental results of changes in chlorophyll value and pH in tomato leaves under different treatments in this invention.
[0023] Figure 4The experimental results of the total amount of exchangeable acid and soluble salt in the soil under different treatments in the present application are shown in the following schematic diagram. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0024] The technical solutions of the present application will be described clearly and completely below in combination with the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present application, but not all the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all the other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor fall within the scope of protection of the present application.
[0025] Embodiment 1
[0026] The calcium-based soil conditioner contains, by weight percentage, rice straw 88.5%, calcium salt (Ca(OH)2) 4.4%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer 6.4%, rotting agent (EM bacteria) 0.4%, and acid-resistant spore bacteria 0.3%. The nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer is a mixture of urea, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate in a weight ratio of 13:83:12.
[0027] The preparation method is as follows:
[0028] (1) After adding the rotting agent and the calcium salt into the straw, the straw is subjected to rotting for 30 days at 25℃, and aeration is performed once every 3-5 days;
[0029] (2) The rotting product of the above-mentioned rotting straw is mixed with the nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer and the acid-resistant spore bacteria to obtain the calcium-based soil conditioner (hereinafter referred to as HCa).
[0030] Embodiment 2
[0031] The calcium-based soil conditioner contains, by weight percentage, rice straw 89%, calcium salt (CaC2O4) 4.3%, nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer 4.9%, rotting agent (EM bacteria) 0.5%, and acid-resistant spore bacteria 0.3%. The nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer is a mixture of urea, superphosphate, and potassium sulfate in a weight ratio of 13:83:12.
[0032] The preparation method is as follows:
[0033] (1) After adding the rotting agent and the calcium salt into the straw, the straw is subjected to rotting for 30 days at 25℃, and aeration is performed once every 3-5 days;
[0034] (2) The rotting product of the above-mentioned rotting straw is mixed with the nitrogen phosphorus potassium fertilizer and the acid-resistant spore bacteria to obtain the calcium-based soil conditioner (hereinafter referred to as OCa).
[0035] Comparative Example 1
[0036] The soil conditioner is prepared by mixing rice straw 92.9%, nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer 6.4%, and rotting agent (EM bacteria) 0.7% by weight percentage; wherein the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is a mixture of urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate in a weight ratio of 13:83:12.
[0037] The preparation method is:
[0038] (1) After adding the rotting agent to the straw, decompose it for 30 days at 25℃, and ventilate it once every 3-5 days;
[0039] (2) Mix the above-mentioned rotting product of the straw with nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer to obtain the soil conditioner (hereinafter referred to as NPK).
[0040] Experimental example
[0041] The soil conditioner prepared by example 1-2 and comparative example 1 is added to the soil of the tomato greenhouse, and is used as base fertilizer, 1700 kg per mu.
[0042] Results and analysis:
[0043] 1) Analysis of the application effect of Xanthobacteraceae (Xanthomonadaceae) and Xanthomonadaceae (Xanthomonadaceae):
[0044] As Figure 1 shown, the bacterial diversity and fungi of HCa and OCa treatment are significantly higher than that of NPK treatment, and the diversity index is 1.28%-1.67% and 0.57%-1.15% higher than that of NPK treatment, respectively. In addition, the abundance of Xanthobacteraceae (Xanthomonadaceae) and Xanthomonadaceae (Xanthomonadaceae) in the soil of HCa and OCa treatment also increases obviously Figure 2 ). Among them, Xanthobacteraceae is an antibiotic-producing bacterium, and Xanthomonadaceae, like Chitinophagaceae, is also a plant probiotic bacterium that can secrete chitinase (acting on pathogenic fungi). Therefore, the combination of chemical fertilizer and calcium-based straw decomposition product may regulate the community composition of the whole soil microorganism, and then affect the growth of tomato.
[0045] 2) Analysis of the application effect of Aspergillus flavus (Aspergillus flavus) and Rhizopus arrhizus (Rhizopus arrhizus):
[0046] As Figure 3As shown, Funguild analysis, a fungal function prediction technique, revealed that the abundance of *Aspergillus flavus* was higher in the NPK treatment than in other treatments, while the abundance was lower in the HCa and OCa treatments. The abundance of *Rhizopus arrhizus* was generally higher in the NPK treatment and lower in the HCa and OCa treatments. Since *Aspergillus flavus* is associated with plant decay and is a pathogen of crop root rot, combining chemical fertilizers with different straw decomposition treatments can reduce the abundance of pathogenic fungi.
[0047] 3) Further study on the changes in chlorophyll value of tomato leaves under different calcium salt treatments and the changes in soil pH, exchangeable acid and total soluble salt under different calcium salt treatments.
[0048] like Figure 4 As shown, the chlorophyll values of HCa and OCa treatments were 21.4% and 2.0% higher than those of the NPK treatment, respectively. Compared with NPK, the fertilizer combined with straw decomposition products increased the soil pH by 0.09–0.11 units. The HCa treatment significantly reduced the exchangeable acid content by 50.0% and the total soluble salts by 24.9%.
[0049] Furthermore, experiments were conducted on straw samples containing either peanut straw, wheat straw, or a combination of rice straw, corn straw, peanut straw, and wheat straw. Calcium salts were tested for one of CaCO3, CaCl2, CaSO4, and Ca(H2PO4)2, or a combination of CaC2O4, Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, CaCl2, CaSO4, and Ca(H2PO4)2. The abundance of Xanthobacteraceae and Xanthomonadaceae in the soil significantly increased, while the abundance of Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus arrhizus significantly decreased.
[0050] The various embodiments described in this specification are presented in a progressive manner, with each embodiment focusing on its differences from other embodiments. Similar or identical parts between embodiments can be referred to interchangeably. The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.
Claims
1. A calcium-based soil amendment characterized in that, By weight percentage, it comprises: 85-90% of straw, 4-5% of calcium salt, 4-8% of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, 0.1-0.5% of corrosion accelerator and 0.1-0.5% of acid-resistant spore.
2. A calcium-based soil amendment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The straw is one or more of rice straw, corn straw, peanut straw and wheat straw.
3. The calcium-based soil amendment of claim 1, wherein, The calcium salt is one or more of CaC2O4, Ca(OH)2, CaCO3, CaCl2, CaSO4 and Ca(H2PO4)2.
4. The calcium-based soil amendment of claim 1, wherein, The nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer is a mixture of urea, superphosphate and potassium sulfate in a weight ratio of 13:83:
12.
5. The calcium-based soil amendment of claim 1, wherein, The corrosion accelerator is EM bacteria.
6. A method of producing the calcium-based soil amendment according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The method comprises the following steps: (1) adding the corrosion accelerator and the calcium salt into the straw and mixing, decomposing at 25 DEG C for 30 days, and ventilating once every 3-5 days; (2) mixing the above-mentioned decomposed product of the corrosion straw with the nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer and the acid-resistant spore to obtain the calcium-based soil conditioner.
7. Application of the calcium-based soil conditioner of any one of claims 1-5 or the calcium-based soil conditioner prepared by the method of claim 6 in the regulation of the microbial community of soil.
8. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that, The dosage of the calcium-based soil conditioner is 1700 kg / acre.
9. Use according to claim 7, characterized in that, The regulation of the microbial community of soil specifically comprises: increasing the abundance of Xanthomonadaceae and Xanthomonadaceae and decreasing the abundance of Aspergillus flavus and Rhizopus arrhizus.