A product piece vision inspection apparatus

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of machine vision detection, and particularly relates to a product piece visual detection device, which comprises a carrier, a conveying line, a machine vision detection unit and a temporary lifting machine. The conveying line conveys the carrier carrying product pieces to be detected; the machine vision detection unit is used for image acquisition; the temporary lifting machine is arranged below the conveying line and temporarily lifts the carrier from the conveying line when the carrier is conveyed to a visual detection area. In this way, on the one hand, the occurrence of phenomena such as carrier displacement or posture deviation caused by mechanical vibration and conveying deviation is avoided, so that the product pieces always maintain a stable detection posture, thereby providing a guarantee for improving image analysis accuracy; on the other hand, only the preset detection position parameters of the temporary lifting machine need to be adjusted, so that the detection requirements of product pieces of different specifications can be adapted; and after the visual detection is completed, the carrier can fall back to the conveying line for continuous circulation, thereby not affecting the overall detection efficiency.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of machine vision detection, and in particular to a product piece visual detection device. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the industrialized production process of product pieces, visual detection is a key link to guarantee product quality, especially in the fields of electronics, automobile parts, precision instruments, etc. Through machine vision technology, the appearance defects, dimensional accuracy and other indicators of product pieces are efficiently detected.

[0003] In terms of the current industry status, the visual detection device generally adopts the conventional mode of "on-line flow detection", that is, the visual detection device is mainly composed of a carrier for carrying the product pieces to be detected, a conveying line for conveying the carrier, and a machine vision detection unit (such as a CCD camera detection module) for image acquisition. During detection, the carrier continuously flows along the conveying line, and the machine vision detection unit completes image acquisition of the product pieces during the movement of the carrier, and realizes detection judgment based on the acquired images.

[0004] However, the "on-line flow detection" mode has obvious technical defects, which are specifically embodied as follows: since the carrier is always in a dynamic flow state during the detection process, even if the running speed of the conveying line has been optimized, it is still difficult to completely avoid the slight displacement or posture deviation of the carrier due to mechanical vibration and conveying precision deviation, which will inevitably cause the product piece images acquired by the machine vision detection unit to be blurred or have position deviation, and further directly affect the accuracy of subsequent image analysis, resulting in decreased detection accuracy and increased risk of product misjudgment.

[0005] In summary, it is urgent for technical personnel to solve the above problems. SUMMARY

[0006] The purpose of the present application is to provide a product piece visual detection device, which aims to solve the problems of image acquisition deviation and insufficient detection accuracy caused by the dynamic flow of the carrier along the conveying line in the existing design, and to overcome the problems of high research and development manufacturing cost and great maintenance difficulty caused by the additional complex algorithms used to alleviate the problem in the existing device.

[0007] The present application relates to a product piece visual detection device, which comprises a carrier, a conveying line, a machine vision detection unit, and a temporary lifting mechanism. The conveying line conveys the carrier carrying the product pieces to be detected. The machine vision detection unit acquires images of the product pieces to be detected. The temporary lifting mechanism is arranged below the conveying line and is used to temporarily lift the carrier from the conveying line when the carrier is conveyed to the visual detection area and keep it at a preset detection position.

[0008] As a further improvement of the disclosed technical solution, the temporary lifting mechanism comprises:

[0009] A substrate is fixed under the conveying line as a mounting carrier of the overtravel stop mechanism, the blocking stop mechanism and the lifting mechanism;

[0010] The overtravel stop mechanism is arranged at the entrance side of the visual inspection area, which allows the carrier to move through the visual inspection area and prevents the carrier from retreating along the conveying line after the carrier completely enters the visual inspection area;

[0011] The blocking stop mechanism is arranged at the exit side of the visual inspection area, which forms a block in the advancing direction of the carrier to achieve preliminary positioning when the carrier reaches the preset detection position;

[0012] The lifting mechanism is arranged between the overtravel stop mechanism and the blocking stop mechanism, which drives the carrier to separate from the conveying line and rise to the preset detection position after the carrier is positioned in the visual inspection area, and drives the carrier to fall back to the conveying line after the visual inspection is completed.

[0013] As a further improvement of the disclosed technical solution, the overtravel stop mechanism comprises an upstream support frame and at least one set of overtravel stop components; the upstream support frame is used to bear the overtravel stop components and is fixed to the substrate; the overtravel stop components cooperate with the bottom of the carrier; when the carrier moves along the conveying direction to the visual inspection area, the overtravel stop components adaptively change the posture under the action of external force to allow the carrier to pass freely; when the carrier completely enters the visual inspection area and there is no external force in the advancing direction, the overtravel stop components reset to limit the retreating direction of the carrier.

[0014] As a further improvement of the disclosed technical solution, the overtravel stop component comprises:

[0015] The hinge seat is fixed to the upstream support frame in a detachable manner;

[0016] The deflection rod is rotationally connected to the hinge seat through the hinge shaft;

[0017] The roller bearing assembly is used for rolling contact with the bottom of the carrier, which is installed at the downstream end of the deflection rod, and the roller part protrudes from the side of the deflection rod towards the carrier;

[0018] The elastic member is vertically embedded in the hinge seat and located directly below the downstream end of the deflection rod;

[0019] When the roller bearing assembly is subjected to the gravity of the carrier, the deflection rod deflects around the hinge shaft, and the elastic member stores elastic potential energy due to compression; after the carrier overtravels and is separated from the gravity of the roller bearing assembly, the elastic member releases the elastic potential energy to reset the deflection rod, and the roller bearing assembly returns to the initial blocking position.

[0020] As a further improvement of the disclosed technical solution, the upstream support frame is designed as a height-adjustable structure, which comprises:

[0021] The force bearing base is detachably fixed to the base plate;

[0022] The sliding plate provides a mounting base for the over-travel thrust assembly;

[0023] The sliding plate and the force bearing base are slidingly fitted along the height direction, and the sliding plate is formed with a waist-shaped hole extending along the height direction;

[0024] The fastener is used to lock and fix the sliding plate and the force bearing base after the sliding plate is adjusted to the target height;

[0025] The fastener is threaded through the waist-shaped hole and is screwed with the force bearing base.

[0026] As a further improvement of the disclosed technical solution, the blocking and limiting mechanism comprises:

[0027] The downstream support frame is detachably fixed to the base plate;

[0028] The sliding table air cylinder is installed on the downstream support frame;

[0029] The lifting seat is fixedly connected with the output end of the sliding table air cylinder and performs lifting movement along the height direction under the driving force from the sliding table air cylinder;

[0030] The stop block is fixed to the side of the lifting seat facing the carrier; before the carrier moves to the vision detection area and reaches the preset detection position, the sliding table air cylinder drives the lifting seat to rise, so that the stop block preliminarily blocks and limits the carrier in the forward direction.

[0031] As a further improvement of the disclosed technical solution, the blocking and limiting mechanism further comprises:

[0032] The transversely arranged air cylinder is horizontally installed on the lifting seat;

[0033] The side pushing piece is fixedly connected with the output end of the transversely arranged air cylinder and is used to apply lateral pressing force to the carrier under the driving of the transversely arranged air cylinder;

[0034] After the carrier is preliminarily limited, the transversely arranged air cylinder drives the side pushing piece to translate towards the carrier, while the deflection rod blocks the carrier from retreating, and the side pushing piece simultaneously applies opposite pressing force to the carrier.

[0035] As a further improvement of the disclosed technical solution, the lifting and holding mechanism comprises:

[0036] The lifting air cylinder is detachably fixed to the base plate;

[0037] The lifting table is fixedly connected with the output end of the lifting air cylinder and is used to receive and lift the carrier;

[0038] When the carrier is positioned, the lifting cylinder drives the lifting platform to rise, drives the carrier to separate from the conveying line, and rises to a preset detection height; after visual detection is completed, the lifting cylinder drives the lifting platform to descend, so that the carrier falls back to the conveying line.

[0039] As a further improvement of the disclosed technical solution, the lifting mechanism further comprises a guide assembly; the guide assembly is used to limit the maximum deviation of the lifting platform in the horizontal direction when the lifting cylinder drives the lifting platform to perform lifting movement.

[0040] As a further improvement of the disclosed technical solution, the guide assembly comprises:

[0041] The force bearing frame is fixedly installed on the base plate;

[0042] The linear bearing is fixedly embedded in the preset installation position of the force bearing frame;

[0043] The guide shaft is fixedly connected to one end of the lifting platform, and the other end extends downward in the height direction and is arranged in the linear bearing in sliding fit with the linear bearing.

[0044] In practical application, the product visual detection equipment disclosed by the present application can at least achieve the following beneficial technical effects, specifically:

[0045] 1) When the carrier is conveyed to the visual detection area, the temporary lifting mechanism can temporarily lift the carrier from the conveying line and maintain it at the preset detection position for a certain period of time, so as to effectively avoid the displacement or posture deviation of the carrier caused by mechanical vibration and conveying deviation, ensure that the product to be detected is always in a stable and accurate detection posture during image acquisition by the machine vision detection unit, and further improve the accuracy of subsequent image analysis results;

[0046] 2) For product pieces of different sizes and shapes, only the preset detection position parameters of the temporary lifting mechanism need to be adjusted, that is, the height, horizontal position and other parameters of the temporary lifting mechanism when lifting the carrier, so that it can accurately adapt to the corresponding carrier and realize stable lifting positioning. At the same time, after detection is completed, the carrier can fall back to the conveying line for continuous circulation, which does not affect the overall detection efficiency and is more in line with the actual needs of industrial mass production;

[0047] 3) Only the temporary lifting mechanism needs to be added below the existing conveying line, without the need for large-scale modification of the main structure of the conveying line. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0048] In order to make the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application or the prior art clearer, the accompanying drawings needed in the embodiments or prior art description will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description only show some embodiments of the present application, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0049] Figure 1 is a perspective view of the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application.

[0050] Figure 2 is a perspective view of the machine vision inspection unit in the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application.

[0051] Figure 3 is a perspective view of the temporary lifting mechanism in the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application (in the state that the light source has been installed in place).

[0052] Figure 4 is a perspective view of the temporary lifting mechanism in the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application.

[0053] Figure 5 is a perspective view of the over-travel stop mechanism in the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application.

[0054] Figure 6 is a perspective view of the over-travel stop mechanism in the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application.

[0055] Figure 7 is a perspective view of the blocking stop mechanism in the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application. Figure 6

[0056] Figure 8 is a perspective view of the blocking stop mechanism in the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application.

[0057] Figure 9 is a perspective view of the blocking stop mechanism in the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application.

[0058] Figure 10 is a perspective view of the lifting stop mechanism in the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application (the base plate is shown in a double-dot dashed line).

[0059] Figure 11 is a front view of the lifting stop mechanism in the product visual inspection equipment disclosed by the present application (the base plate is shown in a double-dot dashed line). Figure 10

[0060] ​​1-carrier; 2-conveying line; 3-machine vision detection unit; 31-upstream CCD camera; 32-downstream CCD camera; 33-dedicated light source; 4-temporary lifting mechanism; 41-substrate; 42-overtravel stop mechanism; 421-upstream support frame; 4211-force bearing base; 4212-sliding plate; 4213-fastener; 422-preposed overtravel stop assembly; 4221-hinge base; 4222-yawing lever; 4223-hinge shaft; 4224-roller bearing assembly; 4225-cylindrical spring; 423-postposed overtravel stop assembly; 43-blocking stop mechanism; 431-downstream support frame; 432-sliding table air cylinder; 433-lifting seat; 434-stop block; 435-crosswise air cylinder; 436-side pushing piece; 44-lifting lifting mechanism; 441-lifting air cylinder; 442-lifting table; 443-guiding assembly; 4431-force bearing frame; 4432-linear bearing; 4433-guiding shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0061] The content of the present application will be further described in detail below in combination with specific embodiments. Figure 1 A perspective view of the disclosed product visual detection equipment is shown, which mainly consists of a carrier 1, a conveying line 2, a machine vision detection unit 3, and a temporary lifting mechanism 4, etc. Among them, the carrier 1 is used to directly carry the product to be detected, and the surface thereof can be pre-adapted with positioning structures (such as positioning grooves, limiting protrusions, etc.) according to the shape specifications of the product to be detected, so as to ensure that the product to be detected maintains a stable posture during conveying and detection. The conveying line 2 provides power for the flow of the carrier 1, and usually adopts a roller conveyor, which can stably convey the carrier 1 carrying the product to be detected to the designated visual detection area according to the pre-set production rhythm. The machine vision detection unit 3 is arranged at the corresponding station of the visual detection area. When the carrier 1 is in a temporary stop state, high-definition image acquisition is performed on the detection items such as appearance defects (such as scratches, material defects, color difference), size parameters (such as hole diameter, thickness, spacing) of the product to be detected, so as to provide accurate image data support for subsequent detection and judgment. The temporary lifting mechanism 4 is arranged below the conveying line 2 and does not interfere with the normal conveying action of the conveying line 2. When the carrier 1 is conveyed to the visual detection area along with the conveying line 2, the temporary lifting mechanism 4 can temporarily lift the carrier 1 from the conveying surface of the conveying line 2 through its lifting movement, so that the carrier 1 is separated from the conveying line 2 and kept at a pre-set detection position for a period of time until the machine vision detection unit 3 completes image acquisition. Subsequently, the temporary lifting mechanism 4 performs a descending movement to stably lower the carrier 1 back to the conveying line 2, so as to ensure that the carrier 1 can continue to flow along with the conveying line 2 to the next process.

[0062] As Figure 2As shown, the machine vision inspection unit 3 integrates an upstream CCD camera 31, a downstream CCD camera 32, and a dedicated light source 33. These components work together to achieve high-precision image acquisition. As... Figure 1 As shown, the upstream CCD camera 31 and the downstream CCD camera 32 are respectively positioned along the conveying direction of the carrier 1, and can simultaneously acquire images of the front and rear areas of the product to be inspected on the carrier 1, avoiding blind spots caused by the limited shooting angle of a single camera. This is especially suitable for inspecting long or multi-feature products. The dedicated light source 33 adopts a highly uniform surface light source or a ring light source and is integrated into the temporary lifting mechanism 4 (such as...). Figure 3 (As shown in the diagram). During the image acquisition process, the dedicated light source 33 can maintain a relatively stable positional relationship with the carrier 1, the upstream CCD camera 31, and the downstream CCD camera 32 as the temporary lifting mechanism 4 moves, providing a continuous, shadow-free lighting environment for the product to be inspected.

[0063] like Figure 4 As shown, the temporary lifting mechanism 4 mainly consists of a base plate 41, an overshoot thrust mechanism 42, a blocking and limiting mechanism 43, and a lifting and lifting mechanism 44. The base plate 41 is arranged below the conveyor line 2 and serves as the basic mounting carrier for the temporary lifting mechanism 4, providing a stable assembly base for the overshoot thrust mechanism 42, the blocking and limiting mechanism 43, and the lifting and lifting mechanism 44.

[0064] The overrun prevention mechanism 42 is arranged on the entrance side of the visual inspection area and has a one-way limiting function: it allows the carrier 1 to move through the visual inspection area along the conveying direction; after the carrier 1 has completely entered the visual inspection area, it can form a reverse limit on the carrier 1 to prevent the carrier 1 from retreating along the conveying direction and avoid the carrier 1 from shifting and affecting the inspection.

[0065] The blocking and limiting mechanism 43 is arranged on the exit side of the visual inspection area. When the carrier 1 moves to the preset inspection position with the conveyor line 2, the blocking and limiting mechanism 43 can form a block in the forward direction of the carrier 1, and initially limit the carrier 1 to prevent the carrier 1 from continuing to flow forward with the conveyor line 2, ensuring that the carrier 1 stays in the area required for inspection.

[0066] The lifting and jacking mechanism 44 is located between the overrunning thrust mechanism 42 and the blocking and limiting mechanism 43. After the carrier 1 stops within the visual inspection area through the cooperation of the overrunning thrust mechanism 42 and the blocking and limiting mechanism 43, the lifting and jacking mechanism 44 can drive the carrier 1 away from the conveyor line 2 and raise the carrier 1 to the preset inspection position. After the machine vision inspection unit 3 completes the visual inspection, the lifting and jacking mechanism 44 will then drive the carrier 1 down back to the conveyor line 2 so that the carrier 1 can continue to flow with the conveyor line 2 to the next process.

[0067] In practical applications, the product visual inspection equipment has the following beneficial technical effects, specifically:

[0068] 1) When the carrier 1 is conveyed to the visual inspection area, the temporary lifting mechanism 4 temporarily lifts the carrier 1 from the conveying line 2 and maintains it at the preset detection position for a certain period of time, thereby effectively avoiding the displacement or attitude deviation of the carrier caused by mechanical vibration and conveying deviation, ensuring that the machine vision inspection unit 3 is always in a stable and accurate detection attitude during image acquisition, thereby greatly improving the accuracy of subsequent image analysis results;

[0069] 2) For product pieces of different sizes and shapes, only the height, horizontal position, and other preset detection position parameters of the temporary lifting mechanism 4 when lifting the carrier 1 need to be adjusted to accurately adapt to the corresponding specifications of the carrier 1, achieving stable lifting positioning; and after detection is completed, the carrier 1 can fall back to the conveying line 2 for further processing, without affecting the overall detection efficiency, and more in line with industrial mass production requirements;

[0070] In addition, the product visual inspection equipment has low modification cost and strong compatibility: only the temporary lifting mechanism 4 needs to be added below the existing conveying line 2, without the need for large-scale modification of the conveying line 2 main structure, facilitating modification based on the existing production line.

[0071] As shown in Figure 5 , the overtravel thrust mechanism 42 includes an upstream support frame 421, a front overtravel thrust assembly 422, and a rear overtravel thrust assembly 423. The upstream support frame 421 is used to simultaneously bear the front overtravel thrust assembly 422 and the rear overtravel thrust assembly 423, and is fixed to the base plate 41 in a detachable manner. The front overtravel thrust assembly 422 and the rear overtravel thrust assembly 423 form a double one-way limiting guarantee, both of which form a cooperation relationship with the bottom of the carrier 1, and together realize the one-way limiting function: when the carrier 1 moves along the conveying direction to the visual inspection area, the front overtravel thrust assembly 422 and the rear overtravel thrust assembly 423 can be self-adaptively adjusted in posture under the action of the gravity of the carrier 1, allowing the carrier 1 to pass; when the carrier 1 completely enters the visual inspection area and is no longer affected by the forward force, the front overtravel thrust assembly 422 and the rear overtravel thrust assembly 423 automatically reset due to the loss of the gravity of the carrier 1, effectively limiting the carrier 1 in the backward direction, preventing the carrier 1 from being displaced in the opposite direction due to external interference.

[0072] Furthermore, as shown in Figure 5 , it can be clearly seen that the front overtravel thrust assembly 422 and the rear overtravel thrust assembly 423 have the same design structure. For brevity, only the front overtravel thrust assembly 422 will be described below in terms of its specific structure and working principle. Figure 6 , Figure 7 ​

[0073] The front over-travel thrust assembly 422 mainly consists of a hinged base 4221, a yawing lever 4222, a hinge shaft 4223, a roller bearing assembly 4224 and a columnar spring 4225. The hinged base 4221 is detachably fixed to the top of the upstream support frame 421; the yawing lever 4222 is rotatably connected with the hinged base 4221 through the hinge shaft 4223, and can adjust the posture by rotating around the hinge shaft 4223; the roller bearing assembly 4224 is installed at the downstream end of the yawing lever 4222, and the roller part thereof protrudes from the side of the yawing lever 4222 facing the carrier 1, for forming rolling contact with the bottom of the carrier 1; the roller bearing assembly 4224 mainly consists of a base shaft, two bearings and two rollers. The base shaft is arranged in the horizontal direction as the core support member. The two bearings are correspondingly sleeved on the two ends of the base shaft, and are in interference fit with the base shaft to ensure stable connection; the two rollers are respectively sleeved on the outer rings of the two bearings, and can freely rotate with the outer rings of the bearings. The columnar spring 4225 is vertically embedded in the hinged base 4221 and located directly below the downstream end of the yawing lever 4222.

[0074] When the carrier 1 moves along the conveying direction, the bottom thereof is in contact with the roller bearing assembly 4224 and exerts gravity, the yawing lever 4222 occurs yawing movement around the hinge shaft 4223, and the columnar spring 4225 stores elastic potential energy due to being pressed; after the carrier 1 completely over-travels and is separated from the gravity acting on the roller bearing assembly 4224, the columnar spring 4225 releases the elastic potential energy to push the yawing lever 4222 back to the original position, and then drives the roller bearing assembly 4224 to return to the initial blocking position, so as to limit the carrier 1 in the return direction.

[0075] By Figure 5As shown in the above, the upstream support frame 421 is designed as a height-adjustable structure, which is specifically composed of a force-bearing base 4211, a sliding plate 4212 and a fastener 4213. The force-bearing base 4211, as a basic load-bearing component of the upstream support frame 421, is fixed to the base plate 41 through a detachable connecting piece such as a bolt. The sliding plate 4212 provides a direct installation basis for the front over-travel thrust assembly 422 and the rear over-travel thrust assembly 423, and it is in sliding cooperation with the force-bearing base 4211 in the height direction and can move up and down relative to the force-bearing base 4211 to adjust the relative installation height of the front over-travel thrust assembly 422 and the rear over-travel thrust assembly 423. The sliding plate 4212 is formed with a waist-shaped hole extending in the height direction, and the length of the waist-shaped hole corresponds to the height adjustment range of the upstream support frame 421; the fastener 4213 is arranged in the waist-shaped hole and is in threaded connection with the pre-set threaded hole of the force-bearing base 4211. When it is necessary to adjust the relative position height of the front over-travel thrust assembly 422 and the rear over-travel thrust assembly 423, the fastener 4213 is loosened, the sliding plate 4212 is lifted or lowered along the height direction, and after the front over-travel thrust assembly 422 and the rear over-travel thrust assembly 423 are adjusted to the expected height, the fastener 4213 is tightened to lock and fix the sliding plate 4212 and the force-bearing base 4211.

[0076] As shown in the above, Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown in the above, the blocking and limiting mechanism 43 is mainly composed of a downstream support frame 431, a sliding table air cylinder 432, a lifting seat 433 and a stop block 434. The downstream support frame 431 is fixed to the base plate 41 in a detachable manner and serves as a basic support component of the blocking and limiting mechanism 43. The sliding table air cylinder 432 is installed on the downstream support frame 431 and is a power source for the lifting seat 433 to realize lifting action, and its output end can extend and retract in the height direction. The lifting seat 433 is fixedly connected with the output end of the sliding table air cylinder 432 and performs lifting movement along the height direction synchronously under the driving force of the sliding table air cylinder 432. The stop block 434 is fixed to the side of the lifting seat 433 facing the carrier 1 and its position corresponds to the advancing path of the carrier 1.

[0077] Further, as shown in the above, Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown in the above, the blocking and limiting mechanism 43 further includes a transversely arranged air cylinder 435 and a side pushing piece 436, which cooperate with the sliding table air cylinder 432 and other components to realize bidirectional precise limiting of the carrier 1. The transversely arranged air cylinder 435 is installed on the lifting seat in a horizontal posture, and its output shaft extends in the horizontal direction. The side pushing piece 436 is fixedly connected with the output end of the transversely arranged air cylinder 435 and forms a surface contact with the side surface of the carrier 1, thereby ensuring uniform distribution of the pressing force.

[0078] When the slide cylinder 432 drives the lifting seat 433 to rise, and the stop block 434 initially limits the forward direction of the carrier 1, the transverse cylinder 435 is then activated, driving the side pusher 436 to move laterally to the side of the carrier 1. At this time, the eccentric rod 4222 has been reset, forming a rigid block in the retraction direction of the carrier 1; the lateral clamping force applied by the side pusher 436 and the reverse blocking force of the eccentric rod 4222 form a synergistic constraint, firmly clamping the carrier 1 in the preset horizontal position, ensuring that there is no horizontal displacement deviation, thereby providing a precise position reference for the subsequent lifting and hoisting mechanism 44, which can accurately align the lifting and hoisting mechanism 44 with the bottom support point of the carrier 1, avoiding tilting due to horizontal deviation of the carrier 1, and further ensuring the stability of the carrier 1 after it is lifted to the preset detection position.

[0079] After the machine vision inspection unit 3 completes image acquisition and the lifting and lifting mechanism 44 lowers the carrier 1 back to the conveyor line 2, the blocking and limiting mechanism 43 performs the release operation in a preset sequence: the horizontal cylinder 435 first drives the side pusher 436 to reset, releasing the lateral constraint on the carrier 1; then the slide cylinder 432 drives the stop block 434 to descend, making room for the subsequent flow of the carrier 1. The whole process realizes the orderly switching between limiting and releasing.

[0080] like Figure 10 , Figure 11 As shown, the lifting and supporting mechanism 44 mainly consists of a lifting cylinder 441, a supporting platform 442, and a guide assembly 443. The lifting cylinder 441 is detachably fixed to the base plate 41, and its output end extends upward along the height direction, serving as the power source for the lifting action. The supporting platform 442 is rigidly connected to the output end of the lifting cylinder 441, and its top surface is precision-machined for flatness, and can be pre-fitted with positioning pins according to the bottom structure of the carrier 1. After the carrier 1 completes horizontal positioning, the supporting platform 442 moves upward under the drive of the lifting cylinder 441, making full contact with the bottom of the carrier 1 and forming a stable support, and then drives the carrier 1 to detach from the conveyor line 2; after the inspection is completed, the supporting platform 442 slowly descends, smoothly placing the carrier 1 back onto the conveying surface of the conveyor line 2. The guide assembly 443 is used to limit the maximum horizontal offset of the lifting platform 442 when the lifting cylinder 441 drives the lifting platform 442 to perform lifting movements, so as to ensure that the lifting platform 442 always moves smoothly in the height direction and avoids excessive tilting or shaking of the vehicle 1 during the lifting process.

[0081] After the carrier 1 completes horizontal positioning with the help of the overshoot thrust mechanism 42 and the blocking limit mechanism 43, the lifting cylinder 441 is activated. Under the constraint of the guide component 443, it drives the lifting platform 442 to perform an upward movement, accurately lifting the carrier 1 to the preset detection height. After the machine vision detection unit 3 completes image acquisition, the lifting cylinder 441 reverses its movement, and the lifting platform 442 descends smoothly under the guidance of the guide component 443, so that the carrier 1 falls back to the conveyor line 2.

[0082] The guide assembly 443 serves as a key stability component of the lifting and jacking mechanism 44, such as... Figure 11 As shown, it mainly consists of a support frame 4431, a linear bearing 4432, and a guide shaft 4433. The support frame 4431 is fixedly mounted on the base plate 41 by bolts and is symmetrically arranged around the lifting cylinder 441. The top of the support frame 4431 has pre-set mounting holes, and the hole positions have been strictly calibrated. The linear bearing 4432 is fixedly embedded in the pre-set mounting position, and its axis is parallel to the output shaft of the lifting cylinder 441 to avoid horizontal wobbling during the guiding process. One end of the guide shaft 4433 is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 442, and the other end extends downward along the height direction, passes through the inner hole of the linear bearing 4432, and forms a tight sliding fit. When the lifting platform 442 performs lifting motion under the drive of the lifting cylinder 441, the guide shaft 4433 moves synchronously with the lifting platform 442 and slides smoothly in the vertical direction under the constraint of the linear bearing 4432, effectively limiting the offset of the lifting platform 442 in the horizontal direction, ensuring that the carrier 1 always maintains a stable posture, thereby effectively improving the smoothness and accuracy of the lifting process of the lifting platform 442.

[0083] The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to make or use the invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the invention. Therefore, the invention is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A product piece visual inspection apparatus, comprising carriers, a conveying line and a machine vision inspection unit; the conveying line conveys the carriers carrying product pieces to be inspected; the machine vision inspection unit performs image acquisition on the product pieces to be inspected, characterized in that, Further comprising a temporary lifting mechanism arranged below the conveying line for temporarily lifting the carrier from the conveying line and holding it at a preset detection position when the carrier is conveyed to the visual inspection area; The temporary lifting mechanism comprises: a base plate fixed below the conveying line as a mounting carrier of the over-travel stop mechanism, the blocking stop mechanism and the lifting mechanism; The over-travel stop mechanism is arranged at the entrance side of the visual inspection area, which allows the carrier to move through the visual inspection area and prevents the carrier from retreating along the conveying direction after the carrier completely enters the visual inspection area; The blocking stop mechanism is arranged at the exit side of the visual inspection area, which forms a block in the advancing direction of the carrier to achieve preliminary positioning when the carrier reaches the preset detection position; The lifting mechanism is arranged between the over-travel stop mechanism and the blocking stop mechanism, which drives the carrier to separate from the conveying line and rise to the preset detection position after the carrier is positioned in the visual inspection area, and drives the carrier to fall back to the conveying line after the visual inspection is completed; The over-travel stop mechanism comprises an upstream support frame and at least one set of over-travel stop components, the upstream support frame is used to bear the over-travel stop components and is fixed to the base plate, the over-travel stop components cooperate with the bottom of the carrier, and when the carrier moves to the visual inspection area along the conveying direction, the over-travel stop components adaptively change the posture under the action of external force to allow the carrier to pass freely, and when the carrier completely enters the visual inspection area and there is no external force in the advancing direction, the over-travel stop components reset to limit the retreating direction of the carrier; The over-travel stop component comprises: a hinge seat fixed to the upstream support frame in a detachable manner; a deflection rod rotationally connected to the hinge seat through a hinge shaft; a roller bearing assembly for rolling contact with the bottom of the carrier, which is installed at the downstream end of the deflection rod, and the roller part protrudes from the side of the deflection rod towards the carrier; an elastic member vertically embedded in the hinge seat and located directly below the downstream end of the deflection rod; When the roller bearing assembly is subjected to the gravity of the carrier, the deflection rod deflects around the hinge shaft, and the elastic member stores elastic potential energy due to compression; after the carrier over-travels and separates from the gravity of the roller bearing assembly, the elastic member releases the elastic potential energy to reset the deflection rod, and the roller bearing assembly returns to the initial blocking position.

2. The product vision inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein The upstream support frame is designed as a height-adjustable structure, comprising: a force-bearing base fixed to the base plate; a sliding plate providing a mounting base for the over-travel stop component; The sliding plate and the force-bearing base are slidingly matched in the height direction, and the sliding plate is formed with a waist-shaped hole extending in the height direction; a fastener for locking and fixing the sliding plate and the force-bearing base after the sliding plate is adjusted to the target height; The fastener is threaded through the waist-shaped hole and is in threaded connection with the force-bearing base.

3. The product vision inspection apparatus of claim 2, wherein The blocking stop mechanism comprises: A downstream support frame is fixed to the base plate in a detachable manner; A slide table air cylinder is installed on the downstream support frame; A lifting seat is fixedly connected to the output end of the slide table air cylinder and performs lifting movement in the height direction under the driving force from the slide table air cylinder; A stop block is fixed to the side of the lifting seat facing the carrier. Before the carrier moves to the vision detection area and reaches the preset detection position, the slide table air cylinder drives the lifting seat to rise, so that the stop block preliminarily blocks the forward direction of the carrier.

4. The product vision inspection apparatus of claim 3, wherein The blocking and positioning mechanism further comprises: A horizontal air cylinder is horizontally installed on the lifting seat; A side pushing piece is fixedly connected to the output end of the horizontal air cylinder and is used to apply lateral pressing force to the carrier under the driving of the horizontal air cylinder; After the carrier is preliminarily positioned, the horizontal air cylinder drives the side pushing piece to translate towards the carrier, while the deflection rod blocks the carrier from retreating and the side pushing piece simultaneously applies opposite pressing force to the carrier.

5. The product vision inspection apparatus of claim 1, wherein The lifting and lifting mechanism comprises: A lifting air cylinder is fixed to the base plate in a detachable manner; A lifting table is fixedly connected to the output end of the lifting air cylinder and is used to support and lift the carrier; After the carrier is positioned, the lifting air cylinder drives the lifting table to rise, so that the carrier is separated from the conveying line and rises to the preset detection height; after the vision detection is completed, the lifting air cylinder drives the lifting table to descend, so that the carrier falls back to the conveying line.

6. The product vision inspection apparatus of claim 5, wherein The lifting and lifting mechanism further comprises a guide assembly; the guide assembly is used to limit the maximum horizontal deviation of the lifting table when the lifting air cylinder drives the lifting table to perform lifting movement.

7. The product vision inspection apparatus of claim 6, wherein The guide assembly comprises: A bearing frame is fixedly installed on the base plate; A linear bearing is fixedly embedded in the preset installation position of the bearing frame; A guide shaft is fixedly connected to the lifting table at one end and extends downward in the height direction at the other end and is embedded in the linear bearing in sliding fit with the linear bearing.

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