Plant disease early warning method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of plant disease early warning, and discloses a plant disease early warning method which comprises the following steps: S1, acquiring environment data of a plant location, plant leaf surface wetting duration data and spore concentration data in air around a plant to form a data set; s2, based on the data set, an early warning signal is sent out according to a preset condition, and the early warning signal is used for early warning of occurrence of the plant diseases. Specifically, according to the plant disease early warning method, environmental data of a plant location, plant leaf surface wetting duration data and spore concentration data in air around a plant are collected to serve as the basis for judging whether the plant disease occurs or not, early warning can be effectively conducted on the plant disease, and on the basis of an early warning signal, early warning is conducted on the plant disease. And maintenance personnel can perform targeted intervention on plant diseases, so that the maintenance efficiency is improved, and the disease morbidity is reduced.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of plant disease early warning, and more particularly relates to a plant disease early warning method. BACKGROUND

[0002] In garden greening maintenance, the occurrence of plant diseases often leads to serious ecological and economic losses. At present, the prevention of plant diseases usually relies on the experience-based judgment of maintenance personnel during patrol. This method is difficult to accurately determine whether plant diseases will occur, and thus it is still difficult to prevent the occurrence of plant diseases. Instead, measures are taken only after the occurrence of plant diseases. This method not only has limited effect, but also needs to consume a large amount of manpower and material resources. Therefore, plant disease early warning is particularly important. It can intervene in plant diseases in a targeted manner, improve maintenance efficiency, and reduce the incidence of plant diseases. SUMMARY

[0003] The main purpose of the application is to provide a plant disease early warning method which can effectively warn of plant diseases.

[0004] According to a first aspect of the application, a plant disease early warning method is provided, comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1: obtaining environmental data of a plant site, plant leaf surface wetting duration data, and spore concentration data in the air around the plant to form a data set;

[0006] S2: based on the data set, issuing a warning signal according to a preset condition, the warning signal being used to warn of the occurrence of plant diseases.

[0007] In a specific embodiment of the application, the environmental data of the plant site includes temperature data.

[0008] The preset condition includes a first trigger condition, a first evaluation rule, and a first threshold value, and the warning signal includes a leaf spot disease warning signal. The first evaluation rule is triggered according to the first trigger condition to obtain a first risk value. The first risk value is used to compare with the first threshold value. If the first risk value is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the leaf spot disease warning signal is issued.

[0009] The first trigger condition is that the leaf surface wetting duration is greater than six hours for three consecutive days and the spore concentration amplitude is greater than 200%.

[0010] The first evaluation rule is: [(leaf wet duration*0.7+spore concentration*0.3) / 4]*[20℃ accumulated temperature / 100], wherein, the leaf wet duration refers to the cumulative wet time in the day; the spore concentration refers to the spore concentration value monitored on the day; and the 20℃ accumulated temperature refers to the sum of all daily average temperature values that reach or exceed 20℃ in the previous 7 days.

[0011] The first threshold value is 7.0.

[0012] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the early warning signal of the leaf spot disease includes a first early warning signal of the leaf spot disease, a second early warning signal of the leaf spot disease and a third early warning signal of the leaf spot disease.

[0013] When the first risk value is in the first interval [7.0, 8.5), the first early warning signal of the leaf spot disease is issued.

[0014] When the first risk value is in the second interval [8.5, 9.5), the second early warning signal of the leaf spot disease is issued.

[0015] When the first risk value is greater than or equal to 9.5, the third early warning signal of the leaf spot disease is issued.

[0016] In a specific embodiment of the present application, a first response measure is issued at the same time as the first early warning signal of the leaf spot disease, and the first response measure includes: pushing a first maintenance suggestion to a maintenance personnel and marking the plant as an observation state, and the first maintenance suggestion includes: checking the canopy density, increasing ventilation and light transmission, and rechecking the spore amount after three days.

[0017] A second response measure is issued at the same time as the second early warning signal of the leaf spot disease, and the second response measure includes: pushing a first intervention suggestion to a maintenance personnel, and the first intervention suggestion is: rechecking and processing the plant.

[0018] A third response measure is issued at the same time as the third early warning signal of the leaf spot disease, and the third response measure includes: marking the plant as a diseased plant and generating a first electronic work order, and pushing the first electronic work order to the maintenance personnel for checking and processing the diseased plant, and stopping acquiring the temperature data of the plant location, the leaf wet duration data of the plant, and the spore concentration data in the air around the plant until the maintenance personnel completes the processing of the diseased plant.

[0019] In a specific embodiment of the present application, after acquiring the environmental data of the plant location, the leaf wet duration data of the plant, and the spore concentration data in the air around the plant, abnormal data is removed.

[0020] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the preset condition comprises a second trigger condition, the early warning signal comprises an anthracnose or downy mildew early warning signal, and in step S2, the anthracnose or downy mildew early warning signal is issued according to the second trigger condition.

[0021] The second trigger condition comprises that the leaf surface wet duration is greater than six hours for three consecutive days.

[0022] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the environmental data of the plant habitat comprises temperature data and relative humidity data.

[0023] The preset condition comprises a third trigger condition, a second evaluation rule and a second threshold value, the early warning signal comprises an powdery mildew early warning signal, and in step S2, the second evaluation rule is triggered according to the third trigger condition to obtain a second risk value, the second risk value is compared with the second threshold value, and if the second risk value is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, the powdery mildew early warning signal is issued.

[0024] The third trigger condition is that the relative humidity of the day is greater than or equal to 80% and the leaf surface dry time for three consecutive days is greater than or equal to 16 hours.

[0025] The second evaluation rule is (relative humidity*0.5+spore concentration*0.3+temperature suitable score*0.2) / 3, wherein the relative humidity refers to the average humidity of the day, the spore concentration refers to the monitored spore concentration value of the day, the temperature suitable score ranges from 0 to 100, the temperature suitable score is 100 when the temperature of the day is in a first temperature range, the temperature suitable score is deducted by 10 for each 1℃ deviation from the first temperature range, and the first temperature range is 18℃-25℃.

[0026] The second threshold value is 63.

[0027] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the powdery mildew early warning signal comprises a first-level powdery mildew early warning signal, a second-level powdery mildew early warning signal and a third-level powdery mildew early warning signal.

[0028] When the second risk value is in a third interval [63, 70.5), the first-level powdery mildew early warning signal is issued.

[0029] When the second risk value is in a fourth interval [70.5, 108), the second-level powdery mildew early warning signal is issued.

[0030] When the second risk value is greater than or equal to 108, the third-level powdery mildew early warning signal is issued.

[0031] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the fourth response measure is issued at the same time as the first early warning signal of powdery mildew, and the fourth response measure includes: pushing a second maintenance suggestion to the maintenance personnel, and the second maintenance suggestion includes: observing the plant and performing ventilation treatment;

[0032] The fifth response measure is issued at the same time as the second early warning signal of powdery mildew, and the fifth response measure includes: pushing a second intervention suggestion to the maintenance personnel, and the second intervention suggestion is: checking the plant and performing prevention and control intervention treatment;

[0033] The sixth response measure is issued at the same time as the third early warning signal of powdery mildew, and the sixth response measure includes: marking the plant as a diseased plant and generating a second electronic work order, and pushing the second electronic work order to the maintenance personnel for checking and processing the diseased plant, and stopping acquiring the temperature data and the relative humidity data of the plant location, the plant leaf surface wetting time data, and the spore concentration data in the air around the plant until the maintenance personnel completes the processing of the diseased plant.

[0034] In a specific embodiment of the present application, the environmental data of the plant location includes soil data, and the soil data includes an electrical conductivity value EC, a pH value, and a soil water content W;

[0035] The preset condition includes a third evaluation rule and a third threshold value, and the early warning signal includes a root rot early warning signal, in step S2, a third risk value is obtained according to the third evaluation rule, the third risk value is compared with the third threshold value, and if the third risk value is greater than or equal to the third threshold value, the root rot early warning signal is issued;

[0036] The third evaluation rule is: [(EC'*0.5)+(pH'*0.3)+(W'*0.2)]*10;

[0037] The third threshold value is 5;

[0038] EC' is obtained by calculating the measured EC according to a first normalization formula, the first normalization formula is: (EC measured value-EC minimum reference value) / (EC maximum reference value-EC minimum reference value), the EC maximum reference value is 2.5 mS / cm, and the EC minimum reference value is 0.5 mS / cm;

[0039] pH' is obtained by calculating the measured pH according to a second normalization formula, the second normalization formula is: 1-(pH measured value-pH minimum reference value) / (pH maximum reference value-pH minimum reference value), the pH maximum reference value is 9.0, the pH minimum reference value is 6.5, and when the pH measured value is greater than 6.5, pH' is recorded as 0;

[0040] W' is calculated by the third normalization formula of the measured W, the third normalization formula is: (W measured value-W lowest reference value) / (W highest reference value-W lowest reference value), the W highest reference value is 90%, and the W lowest reference value is 60%.

[0041] The technical solution of one of the above technical solutions of the present application has at least one of the following advantages or beneficial effects:

[0042] The plant disease early warning method of the present application can effectively early warn plant diseases by collecting environmental data of the plant site, plant leaf wet duration data and spore concentration data in the air around the plant as the basis for judging whether plant diseases occur, based on the early warning signal, maintenance personnel can intervene in plant diseases in a targeted manner, improve maintenance efficiency and reduce the probability of disease occurrence. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0043] The present application will be further described below in conjunction with the drawings and examples;

[0044] Figure 1 is a flowchart of the plant disease early warning method of the present application embodiment;

[0045] Figure 2 is a flowchart of the early warning of the present application embodiment of the leaf spot disease;

[0046] Figure 3 is a flowchart of the early warning of the present application embodiment of the anthracnose or downy mildew;

[0047] Figure 4 is a flowchart of the early warning of the present application embodiment of the powdery mildew;

[0048] Figure 5 is a flowchart of the early warning of the present application embodiment of the root rot; DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0049] The embodiments of the present application will be described in detail below, and examples of the embodiments are shown in the drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by referring to the drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0050] In practical application, plant diseases are closely related to the surrounding environment, and environmental factors not only affect the activity, reproduction and transmission of pathogens, but also change the physiological state and disease resistance of plants, based on this, referring to Figure 1 The plant disease early warning method of the preferred embodiment of the present application comprises the following steps:

[0051] S1: Obtain environmental data of the plant's location, data on the duration of moisture on the plant's leaves, and data on the concentration of spores in the air around the plant to form a dataset;

[0052] S2: Based on the dataset, issue an early warning signal according to preset conditions. The early warning signal is used to warn of the occurrence of plant diseases.

[0053] Specifically, the plant disease early warning method of the present invention uses environmental data of the plant's location, data on the duration of leaf moisture, and data on spore concentration in the air around the plant as the basis for judging whether plant diseases have occurred. It can effectively provide early warning of plant diseases. Based on the early warning signal, maintenance personnel can take targeted interventions for plant diseases, improve maintenance efficiency, and reduce the probability of disease occurrence.

[0054] In practical applications, high humidity is a key inducing factor for leaf spot disease. Most leaf spot fungal spores require water droplets or a film of water on the leaf surface to germinate, and they germinate more easily at suitable temperatures. Therefore, the duration of leaf surface moisture, spore concentration, and temperature are important indicators for determining whether leaf spot disease will occur. In this embodiment, referring to... Figure 2 As shown, the environmental data of the plant's location includes temperature data; the preset conditions include a first trigger condition, a first evaluation rule, and a first threshold; the warning signal includes a mildew disease warning signal. The first evaluation rule is triggered according to the first trigger condition to obtain a first risk value, which is compared with the first threshold. If the first risk value is greater than or equal to the first threshold, a mildew disease warning signal is issued; if the first risk value is less than the first threshold, no mildew disease warning signal is issued. The first trigger condition is: the leaf surface wetness duration is greater than six hours for three consecutive days and the spore concentration increases by more than 200%. The first assessment rule is: [(leaf wetting duration * 0.7 + spore concentration * 0.3) / 4] * [20℃ accumulated temperature / 100], where leaf wetting duration refers to the cumulative wetting time within the day; spore concentration refers to the spore concentration value monitored on the day; 20℃ accumulated temperature refers to the sum of all daily average temperature values ​​that reach or exceed 20℃ within the 7 days prior to triggering the first assessment rule; the first threshold is 7.0; leaf wetting duration is obtained through leaf temperature and humidity sensors, such as the PHYTOS 31 leaf humidity sensor from Beijing Ligotech Technology Co., Ltd., while spore concentration is obtained through spore traps, such as the WX-BZ1 spore trap from Shandong Wanxiang Environmental Technology Co., Ltd.; temperature data can be collected through weather stations or temperature sensors;

[0055] In the first evaluation rule “[(Leaf wetting duration*0.7+Spore concentration*0.3) / 4]*[20℃ accumulated temperature / 100]”, since the pathogen of leaf spot disease must adhere to the water film or water droplets formed on the leaf surface to cause the disease, humidity is the primary limiting factor for the occurrence of leaf spot disease, so it is set as the dominant weight 0.7, which emphasizes its core influence on the risk value; and the spore concentration is a trigger factor rather than a determinant: the presence of spores indicates an infection source, but if the environment is not suitable (especially lack of water), its germination and infection probability is still low, and the measured spore concentration is easily affected by short-term fluctuations such as wind speed and rainfall, which is prone to false positives, so its proportion should be properly controlled, so it is set to 0.3, which reflects its role and avoids dominating the risk value fluctuations; and the most suitable temperature for fungal development is mostly between 20-25℃, therefore, the higher the 20℃ accumulated temperature, the more conducive the environment to the spread of the pathogen, and the higher the risk; and the parameters “4” in “[(Leaf wetting duration*0.7+Spore concentration*0.3) / 4]” and “100” in “[20℃ accumulated temperature / 100]” are for normalization to ensure the accuracy of the leaf spot disease evaluation; in summary, based on the first evaluation rule and the setting of the first threshold, the leaf spot disease can be effectively warned.

[0056] Further, the leaf spot disease warning signal includes a first-level leaf spot disease warning signal, a second-level leaf spot disease warning signal, and a third-level leaf spot disease warning signal; when the first risk value is in the first interval [7.0, 8.5), the first-level leaf spot disease warning signal is issued; when the first risk value is in the second interval [8.5, 9.5), the second-level leaf spot disease warning signal is issued; when the first risk value is greater than or equal to 9.5, the third-level leaf spot disease warning signal is issued, specifically, the higher the level of the leaf spot disease warning signal, the greater the risk of the plant developing leaf spot disease, therefore, based on the first-level leaf spot disease warning signal, the second-level leaf spot disease warning signal, and the third-level leaf spot disease warning signal, the maintenance personnel can intervene in the plant in a targeted manner, which can effectively reduce the incidence of leaf spot disease.

[0057] Further, the first response measure is issued at the same time as the first-level leaf spot disease warning signal, the first response measure includes: pushing a first maintenance suggestion to the maintenance personnel and marking the plant as an observation state, wherein since the occurrence of leaf spot disease is generally due to the retention of moisture caused by the closure of the canopy (transmittance < 50%), and the spring pruning residual wound is not disinfected, therefore, the first maintenance suggestion can be: checking the canopy density, increasing ventilation and light transmission, and rechecking the spore amount after three days, thereby the maintenance personnel can intervene in the leaf spot disease in a targeted manner, improving the maintenance efficiency and reducing the incidence of leaf spot disease.

[0058] The second response measure is issued at the same time as the secondary early warning signal of the leaf spot disease, and the second response measure includes: pushing a first intervention suggestion to the maintenance personnel, and the first intervention suggestion is: rechecking and treating the plant, that is, intensifying the intervention on the plant to reduce the incidence probability of the leaf spot disease.

[0059] The third response measure is issued at the same time as the tertiary early warning signal of the leaf spot disease, and the third response measure includes: marking the plant as a diseased plant and generating a first electronic work order, and pushing the first electronic work order to the maintenance personnel to check and treat the diseased plant, the purpose of the checking is to confirm whether the plant has the leaf spot disease, and the treatment of the leaf spot disease is: thinning the crown layer and spraying the plant leaves with a bacillus subtilis diluent, in this process, the temperature data of the plant location, the leaf surface wetting time data of the plant and the spore concentration data in the air around the plant are stopped until the maintenance personnel complete the treatment of the diseased plant, so as to avoid repeated early warning, and after the maintenance personnel complete the treatment of the diseased plant, manual confirmation of the treatment completion is needed, and then the plant disease early warning method is executed again; and based on the existence of the first electronic work order, the maintenance personnel can be supervised and ensured to perform the related maintenance treatment.

[0060] For example, after the first trigger condition is met, it is monitored by the above-mentioned related sensors that the leaf surface wetting time within the day is 7h, the spore concentration is 100 / mm 3 , the 20℃ accumulated temperature is 100℃, then the first risk value is [(0.7*7+0.3*100) / 4]*100 / 100=(4.9+30) / 4=8.725, that is, the first risk value is in the second interval, at this time, the secondary early warning signal of the leaf spot disease and the second response measure are issued; if it is monitored that the leaf surface wetting time is 8h, the spore concentration is 150 / mm 3 , and the accumulated temperature is 95℃·day, then the first risk value is [(0.7*8+0.3*150) / 4]*95 / 100=(5.6+45) / 4*0.95=12.0175, that is, the first risk value is greater than 9.5, at this time, the tertiary early warning signal of the leaf spot disease and the third response measure are issued.

[0061] Specifically, after the environmental data of the plant location, the leaf surface wetting time data of the plant and the spore concentration data in the air around the plant are acquired, abnormal data is removed, the abnormal data is data exceeding the survival limit of the plant, such as the pH value less than 3 or greater than 9, thereby ensuring the normal operation of the early warning work.

[0062] In actual application, the humidity of the environment where the plant is located is also easy to cause anthracnose or downy mildew, therefore, in the embodiment, the pH value of the plant is also monitored, and the pH value of the plant is less than 3 or greater than 9, the third response measure is issued at the same time as the tertiary early warning signal of the leaf spot disease. Figure 3As shown, the preset condition comprises a second trigger condition, the early warning signal comprises a anthracnose or downy mildew early warning signal, and in step S2, the anthracnose or downy mildew early warning signal is sent according to the second trigger condition; the second trigger condition comprises that the leaf surface wetting time is greater than six hours for three consecutive days; based on this, the plant disease early warning method can early warn the occurrence of anthracnose or downy mildew according to the leaf surface wetting time data, and the plant is subjected to corresponding maintenance operation, such as increasing ventilation and light transmission, based on the anthracnose or downy mildew early warning signal, so as to reduce the incidence rate of anthracnose or downy mildew.

[0063] In actual application, powdery mildew is also a kind of plant disease, the most suitable environment temperature for powdery mildew to occur is between 18-25℃, the incidence rate is reduced when the temperature is lower than 15℃ or higher than 30℃, and the relative humidity of air is moderate (about 60%-80%), which does not require water drops on the leaf surface, and even can reproduce in dry environment, but the higher the humidity, the more conducive to the reproduction of powdery mildew, therefore, in the embodiment, the relative humidity of air is greater than or equal to 80% and the leaf surface dry time is greater than or equal to 16 hours for three consecutive days (that is, the leaf surface is dry for a long time) as the third trigger condition. Figure 4 As shown, the preset condition comprises a third trigger condition, a second evaluation rule and a second threshold value, the early warning signal comprises a powdery mildew early warning signal, and in step S2, the second evaluation rule is triggered according to the third trigger condition to obtain a second risk value, the second risk value is used for comparison with the second threshold value, if the second risk value is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, the powdery mildew early warning signal is sent, and if the second risk value is less than the second threshold value, the powdery mildew early warning signal is not sent; the third trigger condition is that the relative humidity of air is greater than or equal to 80% and the leaf surface dry time is greater than or equal to 16 hours for three consecutive days (that is, the leaf surface is dry for a long time); the second evaluation rule is (relative humidity*0.5+spore concentration*0.3+temperature score*0.2), wherein the relative humidity refers to the average humidity of the day, the spore concentration refers to the spore concentration value monitored on the day, and the temperature score ranges from 0 to 100, the temperature score is 100 when the temperature of the day is in a first temperature range, the temperature score is deducted by 10 when the temperature of the day deviates from the first temperature range by 1℃, and the first temperature range is 18-25℃; and the second threshold value is 63.

[0064] Based on this, the plant disease early warning method can early warn the occurrence of powdery mildew according to the relative humidity, spore concentration and temperature data, and the plant is subjected to corresponding maintenance operation based on the powdery mildew early warning signal, so as to reduce the incidence rate of powdery mildew.

[0065] In the second evaluation rule "(relative humidity*0.5+spore concentration*0.3+temperature score*0.2)", since high humidity is conducive to spore germination and spread, it is the dominant risk, therefore, the weight of relative humidity is set to 0.5; while spore concentration reflects the density of infection source, but alone does not determine whether to get sick, therefore, spore concentration is a secondary factor, and its weight is set to 0.3; and the temperature deviates from the first temperature range, which will affect the survival and expansion ability of spores, therefore, temperature is also one of the factors affecting the occurrence of powdery mildew, and its weight is set to 0.2; in summary, based on the second evaluation rule and the setting of the second threshold value, the powdery mildew can be effectively warned.

[0066] Further, the powdery mildew warning signal includes a powdery mildew first warning signal, a powdery mildew second warning signal and a powdery mildew third warning signal; when the second risk value is in the third interval [63, 70.5), the powdery mildew first warning signal is issued; when the second risk value is in the fourth interval [70.5, 108), the powdery mildew second warning signal is issued; when the second risk value is greater than or equal to 108, the powdery mildew third warning signal is issued, specifically, the higher the level of the powdery mildew warning signal, the greater the risk of powdery mildew occurring in the plant, thus, based on the powdery mildew first warning signal, the powdery mildew second warning signal and the powdery mildew third warning signal, the maintenance personnel can intervene in the plant in a targeted manner, which can effectively reduce the incidence of powdery mildew.

[0067] Further, the fourth response measure is issued at the same time as the powdery mildew first warning signal, and the fourth response measure includes: pushing a second maintenance suggestion to the maintenance personnel, and the second maintenance suggestion includes: observing the plant and doing ventilation treatment; that is, doing prevention treatment on the plant to reduce the incidence of powdery mildew.

[0068] The fifth response measure is issued at the same time as the powdery mildew second warning signal, and the fifth response measure includes: pushing a second intervention suggestion to the maintenance personnel, and the second intervention suggestion is: checking the plant and doing prevention intervention treatment; specifically, when the powdery mildew second warning signal is issued, it proves that the plant has a relatively high risk of powdery mildew, thus, the maintenance personnel can reduce the incidence of powdery mildew by strengthening the intervention on the plant growth environment through the second intervention suggestion.

[0069] The sixth response measure is issued at the same time as the third warning signal of powdery mildew, and the sixth response measure includes: marking the plant as a diseased plant and generating a second electronic work order, and pushing the second electronic work order to a maintenance personnel to check and treat the diseased plant, and stopping acquiring the temperature data and the relative humidity data of the plant location, the plant leaf surface wetting time data, and the spore concentration data in the air around the plant until the maintenance personnel completes the treatment of the diseased plant, so as to avoid repeated issuance of the warning; Specifically, the issuance of the third warning signal of powdery mildew indicates that the plant has a high suspicion of powdery mildew, and thus the second electronic work order is generated to enable the maintenance personnel to complete the related treatment, and the diseased plant is isolated during the treatment to avoid the spread of powdery mildew, and after the maintenance personnel completes the treatment of the diseased plant, manual confirmation of the completion of the treatment is required, and then the plant disease warning method of the present application is executed; and based on the existence of the second electronic work order, the related maintenance treatment of the maintenance personnel can be supervised and ensured.

[0070] For example, after the third trigger condition is met, the related sensors monitor that the humidity is 75%, the spore concentration is 45 / mm 3 , and the temperature is 26°C (deviating from the first temperature range by 1°C, and the temperature score is 90 points), then the second risk value is 0.5*75+0.3*60+0.2*90=73.5, that is, the second risk value is in the fourth interval, at this time, the second warning signal of powdery mildew and the fifth response measure are issued; if it is monitored that the humidity is 92%, the spore concentration is 150 / mm 3 , and the temperature is 23°C (within the first temperature range, and the temperature score is 100 points), then the second risk value is 0.5*92+0.3*150+0.2*100=111, that is, the second risk value is greater than 108, at this time, the third warning signal of powdery mildew and the sixth response measure are issued.

[0071] In actual application, salt stress can damage the membrane structure of plant roots, which can cause the plant to have root rot, and therefore, in the present embodiment, referring to Figure 5 , the environmental data of the plant location includes soil data, the soil data includes an electrical conductivity value EC, a pH value, and a soil water content W, and the soil data can be measured by an ISM50S soil monitor of Guangzhou JiFei Technology Co., Ltd.; the preset condition includes a third evaluation rule and a third threshold value, and the warning signal includes a root rot warning signal; in step S2, the third risk value is obtained according to the third evaluation rule, the third risk value is compared with the third threshold value, if the third risk value is greater than or equal to the third threshold value, the root rot warning signal is issued, and if the third risk value is less than the third threshold value, the root rot warning signal is not issued; the third evaluation rule is: [(EC'*0.5)+(pH'*0.3)+(W'*0.2)]*10; and the third threshold value is 5;

[0072] Wherein, the EC' is obtained by the measured EC through a first normalization formula, the first normalization formula is: (measured EC value-EC lowest reference value) / (EC highest reference value-EC lowest reference value), the EC highest reference value is 2.5 mS / cm, and the EC lowest reference value is 0.5 mS / cm;

[0073] The pH' is obtained by the measured pH through a second normalization formula, the second normalization formula is: 1-(measured pH value-pH lowest reference value) / (pH highest reference value-pH lowest reference value), the pH highest reference value is 9.0, the pH lowest reference value is 6.5, and the pH' is recorded as 0 when the measured pH value is greater than 6.5;

[0074] The W' is obtained by the measured W through a third normalization formula, the third normalization formula is: (measured W value-W lowest reference value) / (W highest reference value-W lowest reference value), the W highest reference value is 90%, and the EC lowest reference value is 60%.

[0075] Based on this, the plant disease early warning method can early warn the occurrence of root rot according to the soil data, and the maintenance personnel can perform corresponding maintenance operation on the plant based on the root rot early warning signal, so that the incidence rate of root rot is reduced.

[0076] In the third evaluation rule "[(EC'*0.5)+(pH'*0.3)+(W'*0.2)]*10", since the conductivity EC represents the salt concentration, and the salt stress is the primary factor for inducing root rot, and the most direct damage to the root cell membrane, the conductivity EC has the highest weight of 0.5; the pH affects the rhizosphere microbial community and the root absorption capacity, and the pH that is too high or too low can cause root metabolic disorder, and is the secondary main factor, and is given a weight of 0.3; regarding the soil moisture content W, long-term excessive moisture of the soil can lead to an anaerobic environment, promote the reproduction of pathogenic bacteria, and is an important inducing condition of root rot, but is not decisive, and is given a weight of 0.2; based on the above, the third evaluation rule and the third threshold value can effectively early warn the root rot.

[0077] Further, the root rot early warning signal comprises a root rot first early warning signal, a root rot second early warning signal and a root rot third early warning signal;

[0078] When the third risk value is in the fifth interval [5, 7), a first early warning signal of root rot is sent out, at this time, it is predicted that the potential risk of root rot occurs; when the third risk value is in the sixth interval [7, 8.5), a second early warning signal of root rot is sent out, at this time, it is predicted that the risk of root rot is higher, and local area may have mild infection; when the third risk value is greater than or equal to 8.5, a third early warning signal of root rot is sent out, at this time, the root rot is highly suspected to occur, specifically, the higher the level of the root rot early warning signal, the greater the risk of the plant occurring root rot, thus, based on the first early warning signal of root rot, the second early warning signal of root rot and the third early warning signal of root rot, the maintenance personnel can intervene the plant in a targeted manner, and can effectively reduce the incidence of root rot.

[0079] Further, the seventh response measure is sent out at the same time as the first early warning signal of root rot, the seventh response measure includes: pushing a second maintenance suggestion to the maintenance personnel, the second maintenance suggestion includes: ventilating, controlling salt, and reasonably irrigating the plant; that is, the plant is treated to prevent disease occurrence, so as to reduce the incidence of root rot.

[0080] The eighth response measure is sent out at the same time as the second early warning signal of root rot, the eighth response measure includes: pushing a second intervention suggestion to the maintenance personnel, the second intervention suggestion is: soil improvement and rhizosphere bacteriostatic intervention; specifically, when the second early warning signal of root rot is sent out, it is proved that the plant has a relatively high probability of root rot, thus, the maintenance personnel can reduce the incidence of root rot by strengthening the intervention on the plant growth environment through the second intervention suggestion.

[0081] The ninth response measure is sent out at the same time as the third early warning signal of root rot, the ninth response measure includes: marking the plant as a diseased plant and generating a third electronic work order, and pushing the third electronic work order to the maintenance personnel to check and handle the diseased plant, the handling mode is drainage, soil replacement and pesticide treatment, and the soil data of the plant location is stopped to be acquired until the maintenance personnel completes the handling of the diseased plant, so as to avoid repeated early warning; specifically, the third early warning signal of root rot indicates that the plant is highly suspected to have root rot, thus, the third electronic work order is generated to enable the maintenance personnel to complete the related handling, and after the maintenance personnel completes the handling of the diseased plant, manual confirmation is needed to confirm the completion, and then the plant disease early warning method of the application is executed again; and based on the existence of the third electronic work order, the maintenance personnel can be supervised and ensured to carry out the related maintenance handling.

[0082] For example, if the soil monitor detects that EC = 1.2 mS / cm, pH = 5.9, and W = 85%, then EC' = (1.2-0.5) / (2.5-0.5) = 0.35, pH' = 1-(5.9-4) / (6.5-4) = 0.24, and W' = (85-60) / (90-60) = 0.83. At this time, the third risk value is (0.35*0.5+0.24*0.3+0.83*0.2)*10 = 4.13, i.e., the third risk value is less than the third threshold value, and no root rot early warning signal is sent out. If the soil monitor detects that EC = 2.3, pH = 4.5, and W = 92%, then EC' = (2.3-0.5) / (2.5-0.5) = 0.9, pH' = 1-(4.5-4) / (6.5-4) = 0.8, and W' = (92-60) / (90-60) = 1.07. At this time, the third risk value is (0.9*0.5+0.8*0.3+1.0*0.2)*10 = 9.04, i.e., the third risk value is greater than 8.5, and a third-level root rot early warning signal and the ninth response measure are sent out.

[0083] In summary, the plant disease early warning method of the present application can early warn against leaf spot, anthracnose or downy mildew, powdery mildew, and root rot. Based on the early warning signal, the maintenance personnel can intervene against the plant disease, thereby improving the maintenance efficiency and reducing the disease incidence.

[0084] Although the embodiments of the present application have been shown and described, those of ordinary skill in the art can understand that various changes, modifications, replacements, and variations can be made to the embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the present application, and the scope of the present application is defined by the claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A method of plant disease early warning, characterized by, The method comprises the following steps: S1: obtaining environment data of a plant site, plant leaf wet duration data, and spore concentration data in the air around the plant to form a data set; S2: based on the data set, issuing a warning signal according to a preset condition, the warning signal being used to warn the occurrence of a plant disease.

2. The plant disease early warning method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The environment data of the plant site comprises temperature data; The preset condition comprises a first trigger condition, a first evaluation rule, and a first threshold value, the warning signal comprises a leaf spot disease warning signal, the first evaluation rule is triggered according to the first trigger condition to obtain a first risk value, the first risk value is used to compare with the first threshold value, and if the first risk value is greater than or equal to the first threshold value, the leaf spot disease warning signal is issued; The first trigger condition is that the leaf wet duration is greater than six hours for three consecutive days and the spore concentration increase amplitude is greater than 200%. The first evaluation rule is: [(leaf wet duration*0.7+spore concentration*0.3) / 4]*[20℃ accumulated temperature / 100], wherein the leaf wet duration refers to the cumulative wet time in the day, the spore concentration refers to the spore concentration value monitored on the day, and the 20℃ accumulated temperature refers to the sum of all daily average temperature values that reach or exceed 20℃ within the previous 7 days. The first threshold value is 7.

0.

3. The method of claim 2, wherein the plant disease warning is provided by a computer system. The leaf spot disease warning signal comprises a first-level leaf spot disease warning signal, a second-level leaf spot disease warning signal, and a third-level leaf spot disease warning signal. When the first risk value is in a first interval [7.0, 8.5), the first-level leaf spot disease warning signal is issued. When the first risk value is in a second interval [8.5, 9.5), the second-level leaf spot disease warning signal is issued. When the first risk value is greater than or equal to 9.5, the third-level leaf spot disease warning signal is issued.

4. The method of claim 3, wherein the plant disease warning is provided by a computer system. The first response measure is issued at the same time as the first-level leaf spot disease warning signal, the first response measure comprises pushing a first maintenance suggestion to a maintenance personnel and marking the plant as an observation state, the first maintenance suggestion comprises checking the canopy density, increasing ventilation and light transmission, and rechecking the spore amount after three days; The second response measure is issued at the same time as the second-level leaf spot disease warning signal, the second response measure comprises pushing a first intervention suggestion to a maintenance personnel, and the first intervention suggestion is to recheck and handle the plant; The third response measure is issued at the same time as the third-level leaf spot disease warning signal, the third response measure comprises marking the plant as a diseased plant and generating a first electronic work order, pushing the first electronic work order to the maintenance personnel to check and handle the diseased plant, and stopping the acquisition of the temperature data of the plant site, the leaf wet duration data of the plant, and the spore concentration data in the air around the plant until the maintenance personnel completes the handling of the diseased plant.

5. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant disease warning is provided by a computer system. After obtaining the environment data of the plant site, the leaf wet duration data of the plant, and the spore concentration data in the air around the plant, abnormal data is removed.

6. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant disease warning is provided by a computer system. The preset condition comprises a second trigger condition, and the early warning signal comprises a anthracnose or downy mildew early warning signal, and in step S2, the anthracnose or downy mildew early warning signal is sent according to the second trigger condition; The second trigger condition comprises that the leaf surface wet duration is greater than six hours for three consecutive days.

7. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant disease warning is provided by a computer system. The environmental data of the plant location comprises temperature data and relative humidity data; The preset condition comprises a third trigger condition, a second evaluation rule and a second threshold value, and the early warning signal comprises a powdery mildew early warning signal, and in step S2, the second evaluation rule is triggered according to the third trigger condition to obtain a second risk value, the second risk value is compared with the second threshold value, and if the second risk value is greater than or equal to the second threshold value, the powdery mildew early warning signal is sent; The third trigger condition is that the relative humidity of the day is greater than or equal to 80% and the leaf surface dry time of three consecutive days is greater than or equal to 16 hours; The second evaluation rule is (relative humidity*0.5+spore concentration*0.3+temperature suitable score*0.2) / 3, wherein the relative humidity refers to the average humidity of the day, the spore concentration refers to the monitored spore concentration value of the day, the temperature suitable score ranges from 0 to 100, the temperature suitable score is 100 when the temperature of the day is in a first temperature range, the temperature suitable score is deducted by 10 when the temperature of the day deviates from the first temperature range by 1℃, and the first temperature range is 18℃-25℃; The second threshold value is 63.

8. The method of claim 7, wherein the plant disease warning is provided by a computer system. The powdery mildew early warning signal comprises a first-level powdery mildew early warning signal, a second-level powdery mildew early warning signal and a third-level powdery mildew early warning signal; When the second risk value is in a third interval [63, 70.5), the first-level powdery mildew early warning signal is sent; When the second risk value is in a fourth interval [70.5, 108), the second-level powdery mildew early warning signal is sent; When the second risk value is greater than or equal to 108, the third-level powdery mildew early warning signal is sent.

9. The method of claim 8, wherein the plant disease warning is provided by a computer system. A fourth response measure is sent at the same time when the first-level powdery mildew early warning signal is sent, and the fourth response measure comprises pushing a second maintenance suggestion to a maintenance personnel, and the second maintenance suggestion comprises observing the plant and ventilating the plant; A fifth response measure is sent at the same time when the second-level powdery mildew early warning signal is sent, and the fifth response measure comprises pushing a second intervention suggestion to a maintenance personnel, and the second intervention suggestion is checking the plant and performing a prevention and control intervention treatment on the plant; A sixth response measure is sent at the same time when the third-level powdery mildew early warning signal is sent, and the sixth response measure comprises marking the plant as a diseased plant and generating a second electronic work order, and pushing the second electronic work order to a maintenance personnel to check and treat the diseased plant, and stopping obtaining the temperature data and the relative humidity data of the plant location, the leaf surface wet duration data of the plant, and the spore concentration data in the air around the plant until the maintenance personnel completes the treatment of the diseased plant.

10. The method of claim 1, wherein the plant disease warning is a warning of a fungal disease. The environmental data of the plant location comprises soil data, and the soil data comprises an electrical conductivity value EC, a pH value and a soil water content W; The preset condition comprises a third evaluation rule and a third threshold value, and the early warning signal comprises a root rot early warning signal; in step S2, a third risk value is obtained according to the third evaluation rule, the third risk value is compared with the third threshold value, and if the third risk value is greater than or equal to the third threshold value, the root rot early warning signal is sent; The third evaluation rule is: [(EC' * 0.5) + (pH' * 0.3) + (W' * 0.2)] * 10; The third threshold value is 5; Wherein, EC' is obtained by calculating the measured EC by a first normalization formula, the first normalization formula is: (EC measured value-EC minimum reference value) / (EC maximum reference value-EC minimum reference value), the EC maximum reference value is 2.5 mS / cm, and the EC minimum reference value is 0.5 mS / cm; pH' is obtained by calculating the measured pH by a second normalization formula, the second normalization formula is: 1-(pH measured value-pH minimum reference value) / (pH maximum reference value-pH minimum reference value), the pH maximum reference value is 9.0, the pH minimum reference value is 6.5, and when the pH measured value is greater than 6.5, pH' is recorded as 0; W' is obtained by calculating the measured W by a third normalization formula, the third normalization formula is: (W measured value-W minimum reference value) / (W maximum reference value-W minimum reference value), the W maximum reference value is 90%, and the W minimum reference value is 60%.

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