Heat dissipation structure of high-speed train fuel cell

Abstract

The invention discloses a heat dissipation structure of a high-speed train fuel cell, which comprises a skeleton assembly, two sides of which are inclined planes; the heat dissipation medium transmission part is mounted in the framework assembly; the fan mounting plate is mounted at the top of the framework assembly; the radiator fan is mounted on the fan mounting plate and exhausts the high-temperature air passing through the radiator into the environment; the pressure regulating rib is integrated on the fan mounting plate and is arranged at the edge of the windward side; the car roof flow guide covers are arranged on the edges of the two sides of the car roof and used for conducting car roof air flow guide; the air inlet is formed in the roof air guide cover, and ambient air required for heat dissipation enters through the air inlet; and the radiator core bodies are arranged on the inclined surfaces on the two sides of the framework assembly, and high-speed air in a flow field outside the air inlet and the position opposite to the radiator core bodies can be quickly shunted into the radiator. The invention solves the technical problems of large size, high power consumption and high cost of a heat dissipation system caused by reduced air volume and poor uniformity when a train runs at a high speed in two directions.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The application belongs to the technical field of fuel cells of high-speed trains, and particularly relates to a heat dissipation structure of a fuel cell of a high-speed train. BACKGROUND

[0002] High-speed train high-power fuel system heat dissipation research background: the whole vehicle power demand of a high-speed train is high, the output power of a fuel cell system is very high, and the heat production is very high, which brings severe challenges to heat dissipation design and development. Due to the extremely high speed of a high-speed train, the high-speed flow field greatly affects the wind field; the wind volume is greatly reduced, and the uniformity of the heat dissipation air inlet is reduced. The high-speed train often needs to travel in two directions, and the actual heat dissipation must consider the symmetrical design of two-way travel, and the non-symmetrical heat dissipation core body cannot be matched with the uneven design of the high-speed wind field.

[0003] The heat dissipation layout of the traditional high-speed train fuel cell is arranged on both sides of the fuel cell, and the space is maximized. However, when the train speed is very high, the air volume of the heat dissipation layout is greatly reduced and extremely uneven; in order to ensure the heat dissipation requirement, more fans need to be increased and the heat dissipation core body needs to be increased; which leads to large size of the heat dissipation system, high power consumption and high cost. SUMMARY

[0004] In order to solve the above problems, the application provides a heat dissipation structure of a high-speed train fuel cell, which solves the technical problems of large size of the heat dissipation system, high power consumption and high cost caused by the reduction of air volume and the deterioration of uniformity when the train travels in two directions at high speed.

[0005] To achieve the above purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the application is as follows: a heat dissipation structure of a high-speed train fuel cell, comprising:

[0006] A framework assembly, both sides of which are inclined surfaces;

[0007] A heat dissipation medium transfer component installed in the framework assembly;

[0008] A fan mounting plate installed at the top of the framework assembly;

[0009] A heat dissipation fan installed on the fan mounting plate, which discharges high-temperature air passing through the heat dissipation fan to the environment;

[0010] A pressure regulating rib integrated on the fan mounting plate and arranged at the edge of the windward side;

[0011] A roof fairing, which is arranged at the edge of the roof on both sides and guides the air on the roof;

[0012] Air inlet: set on the top fairing, the environmental air needed for heat dissipation enters through the air inlet;

[0013] And radiator core: set on the two side slopes of the framework assembly, the radiator core is set opposite to the air inlet, and the high-speed air of the position outflow field can be quickly shunted to the radiator.

[0014] Further, the air inlet length is greater than the radiator core length.

[0015] Further, the radiator core is arranged on the inner side of the top fairing, and the height difference is kept with the fan outlet face.

[0016] Further, the front and rear directions of the fan mounting plate are provided with pressure regulating ribs, so that the heat dissipation demand of the train bidirectional driving is realized.

[0017] Further, the fan is provided with a wind deflector.

[0018] Further, the heat dissipation medium transmission part comprises:

[0019] Water inlet pipeline: high-temperature liquid from the fuel cell is transported to the radiator;

[0020] Water outlet pipeline: the cooling liquid after cooling is transported to the fuel cell system;

[0021] Water inlet: set on the bottom of the radiator core, and connected with the water inlet pipeline;

[0022] Water outlet: set on the diagonal position of the water inlet of the radiator core, and connected with the water outlet pipeline;

[0023] And radiator exhaust port: set on the top of the radiator core far from the water inlet and the water outlet.

[0024] Further, the front or rear wall of the framework assembly is provided with:

[0025] Water inlet panel interface: connected with the high-temperature water outlet of the fuel cell and the water inlet pipeline of the radiator;

[0026] And water outlet panel interface: connected with the cooling liquid inlet of the fuel cell and the water outlet pipeline of the radiator Further, the framework assembly adopts a hollow prism structure.

[0027] The beneficial effects of adopting the technical scheme are:

[0028] The present application can optimize the air inlet flow field, reduce the air turning times, reduce the turning distance, increase the air inlet area to reduce the air inlet flow rate and core pressure loss, and avoid heat short circuit through the cooperative design of various components, and can greatly improve the heat exchange performance without increasing the cost and weight of the fan and the radiator and other key components. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0029] Figure 1 It is a high-speed train fuel cell heat dissipation structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0030] Figure 2 It is an explosion view of the high-speed train fuel cell heat dissipation structure in the embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 3 It is a flow field diagram of the conventional scheme in the embodiment of the present application;

[0032] Figure 4 It is a comparison diagram of each comparative example in the embodiment of the present application;

[0033] Figure 5 It is an improved comparison diagram of the fan outlet in the embodiment of the present application.

[0034] Wherein, 1 is a framework assembly, 2 is a fan mounting plate, 3 is a radiator fan, 4 is a pressure regulating rib, 5 is a roof fairing, 6 is an air inlet, 7 is a radiator core, 8 is an inlet water pipeline, 9 is an outlet water pipeline, 10 is an inlet water port, 11 is an outlet water port, 12 is a radiator exhaust port, 13 is an inlet water panel interface, and 14 is an outlet water panel interface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] In order to make the purpose, technical scheme and advantages of the present application more clear, the present application will be further described below in combination with the drawings.

[0036] In the embodiment, referring to Figure 1 and Figure 2 , the present application proposes a high-speed train fuel cell heat dissipation structure, which comprises:

[0037] The framework assembly 1 has two inclined surfaces;

[0038] The heat dissipation medium transfer component is installed in the framework assembly 1;

[0039] The fan mounting plate 2 is installed on the top of the framework assembly 1;

[0040] The radiator fan 3 is installed on the fan mounting plate 2 and discharges the high-temperature air passing through the radiator to the environment; based on the wind breaking effect of the high-speed train head, the pressure of the head is lower than that of the side surface at this time, the heat exchange system outlet is preferably arranged on the top, the pressure of the outlet is low, and the inlet is preferably arranged on the side surface, the pressure of the inlet is high;

[0041] The pressure regulating rib 4 is formed on the fan mounting plate 2 and is arranged at the edge of the windward side; when the train runs at high speed, the pressure distribution of the fan outlet position is improved, the maximum pressure area is adjusted from the windward fan outlet position to the windward surface of the pressure regulating rib 4, and the air volume of the first fan is greatly increased;

[0042] Roof fairing 5: The roof fairing 5 is arranged at both side edges of the roof to guide the air on the roof, reduce the air resistance and harm at high speed driving;

[0043] Air inlet 6: The air inlet 6 is arranged on the roof fairing 5, and the environmental air required for heat dissipation enters through the air inlet 6;

[0044] And the radiator core 7: The radiator core 7 is arranged on the two side slopes of the framework assembly 1, and the radiator core 7 is opposite to the air inlet 6. The high-speed air in the position outflow field can be quickly shunted to the radiator, the complex air inlet flow field is avoided, the air inlet vortex area of the train at high speed driving is eliminated, the air amount entering the radiator is greatly improved, and the air entering the radiator is greatly suppressed from escaping out of the radiator core again.

[0045] As an optimization scheme of the above embodiment, the length of the air inlet 6 is greater than the length of the radiator core 7, and the air inlet is improved.

[0046] As an optimization scheme of the above embodiment, the radiator core 7 is arranged on the inner side of the roof fairing 5, and the height difference with the fan outlet face is kept, so as to solve the problem that the air from the outlet of the radiator fan 3 enters the radiator core 7 again at high speed driving of the train.

[0047] As an optimization scheme of the above embodiment, a wind deflector is arranged on the radiator fan 3.

[0048] As an optimization scheme of the above embodiment, the front-rear direction of the fan mounting plate 2 is provided with the pressure regulating rib 4, so as to realize the heat dissipation requirement of the train at bidirectional driving.

[0049] As an optimization scheme of the above embodiment, the heat dissipation medium transmission component comprises:

[0050] Water inlet pipeline 8: The high-temperature liquid from the fuel cell is transported to the radiator;

[0051] Water outlet pipeline 9: The cooling liquid after being cooled is transported to the fuel cell system;

[0052] Water inlet 10: The water inlet 10 is arranged at the bottom of the radiator core 7 and connected with the water inlet pipeline 8, which is beneficial to water adding and uniform distribution of the cooling liquid in the core during operation, and reduces the internal air

[0053] Water outlet 11: The water outlet 11 is arranged at the diagonal position of the water inlet 10 of the radiator core 7 and connected with the water outlet pipeline 9, which is beneficial to improving the flow uniformity of the cooling liquid in the core.

[0054] And radiator exhaust port 12: set in the top of radiator core 7 away from the water inlet 10 and water outlet 11, here design exhaust port can reduce the exhaust time and improve the cavitation when adding water.

[0055] As the optimization scheme of the above embodiment, the front or rear wall of the skeleton assembly 1 is provided with:

[0056] Water inlet panel interface 13: connecting fuel cell high temperature water outlet 11 and radiator water inlet pipe 8;

[0057] And water outlet panel interface 14: connecting fuel cell cooling liquid water inlet 10 and radiator water outlet pipe 9.

[0058] As the optimization scheme of the above embodiment, the skeleton assembly 1 adopts hollow prism structure. The hollow prism structure is that two sides are trapezoidal, the front and back are rectangular, and the upper and lower ground surfaces are mutually parallel rectangular.

[0059] Air flow directly affects the maximum heat exchange power and heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger. Small or uneven air flow will greatly reduce the heat exchange capacity; it will lead to the need to increase the fan and increase the size of the heat exchange system. The traditional heat dissipation scheme is greatly unfavorable for the application of fuel cells in high-speed trains due to the decrease and unevenness of air volume under high-speed conditions.

[0060] Due to the existence of high-speed flow field, only studying the method of improving pressure loss such as sharp turning and vortex of flow field is still insufficient to solve the uniformity problem of high-speed flow field. The air inlet of the heat exchanger needs to be set at a higher pressure position; the outlet is preferably arranged at a lower pressure position. The air inlet and outlet of the heat exchanger can have a larger pressure difference, that is, the flow can be higher. The train head breaks the wind, and the pressure on the top of the train is lower than that on the side. The air outlet of the heat exchange system is preferably arranged on the top, and the air inlet is preferably arranged on the side.

[0061] The traditional scheme has good air volume and uniformity at low speed, and the traditional scheme has air volume decline and poor uniformity at high speed.

[0062] Detailed analysis of the air field problem of the traditional arrangement scheme under high-speed conditions: under high-speed conditions, the air enters the radiator inlet area from the front end of the train side, then enters the radiator, and is discharged from the fan outlet after passing through the radiator. Under the pressure of the external air field, the air flowing out of the fan tends to be parallel to the driving direction. The multiple turning of the air causes a certain decrease in air volume, and the uniformity is very poor. For example Figure 3As shown, turning 1 causes a large vortex area to appear in the radiator inlet partition, causing the fan air volume to decrease significantly; turning 2 is blocked, causing the corresponding fan air volume to increase significantly. When the vehicle speed is high, the air inlet area of the fan at the front position has a large vortex area, making the fan inlet extremely uneven, and the fan air volume at position 1 decreases significantly. When the vehicle speed is high, at the end position, the air is blocked by the wall when it flows out, making the fan air volume extremely large.

[0063] The key to optimizing the air inlet problem is to optimize the air inlet flow field. The focus of air inlet flow field optimization is to reduce the number of air turns, reduce the turning distance, increase the air inlet area to reduce the air inlet flow rate and core pressure loss; and to avoid thermal short circuit.

[0064] As shown in Figure 4 The comparative diagram of the comparative example is shown in the comparative example, specifically:

[0065] a is a traditional scheme.

[0066] b is comparative example 1, the radiator is arranged vertically, the air inlet is reduced from 2 turns to 1 turn, and the number of turns is reduced. Comparative example 1 has improved uniformity, but due to the increase in core thickness, the resistance increases, and the air volume decreases significantly.

[0067] c is comparative example 2, the radiator core 7 is arranged obliquely at the position close to the external air, the number of air turns is reduced, the turning distance is reduced, and the air inlet area is increased; However, the roof equipment arrangement needs to be arranged inside the wire slot, there is a problem that the fan outlet is close to the radiator inlet, and the air outlet of the fan will enter the radiator again when driving at high speed; Although the air volume and uniformity of this scheme are improved significantly, it is found that there is a thermal short circuit phenomenon.

[0068] d is the present application, the radiator core 7 is arranged obliquely at the position close to the external air, the number of air turns is reduced, the turning distance is reduced, and the air inlet area is increased. Adjust the position of the radiator, arrange the radiator core 7 at the edge of the flow guide cover, and arrange the wiring inside; Increase the distance between the core and the fan outlet, and eliminate the problem of thermal short circuit without significantly reducing the air volume.

[0069] After optimizing the air inlet design, due to the existence of high-speed flow field, the fan air volume of the optimized scheme still has certain unevenness. Further analysis of the flow lines and pressures of the fan outlet shows the following phenomena: ① The air at the outlet position starts to turn obviously at the middle position of the first fan, causing the first fan outlet to be blocked; ② It is found that the outlet pressure of the first fan is high, and the outlet pressure of the last fan is low; The first fan air volume is significantly lower than the last fan.

[0070] Based on this, the application is provided with a pressure regulating structure, which reduces the static pressure of the first fan outlet surface and adjusts the dynamic pressure direction speed direction, so that the fan can automatically increase the air volume under high speed condition without additional equipment power supply. Figure 5 The application is compared with the improved embodiment of the fan outlet, in particular:

[0071] a is the outlet embodiment 1 of the application, the radiator core is designed close to the outer shape surface, the distance and angle of the fan outlet surface and the core inlet are increased; it can be seen from the fan position speed vector diagram that the gas is diverted at the first fan position, but the first fan outlet pressure is high and the last fan outlet pressure is low in the fan position pressure cloud diagram.

[0072] b is the outlet embodiment 2 of the application, a wind deflector is added based on the outlet embodiment 1, it can be seen from the fan position speed vector diagram that the wind deflector makes the high-speed flow field gas divert in front of the first fan, so that the high-speed flow field high pressure area is adjusted to the front of the first fan, and the fan outlet pressure is more uniform; it can be seen from the fan position pressure cloud diagram that the wind deflector makes the high-speed flow field high pressure area adjust to the front of the first fan, and the fan outlet pressure is more uniform.

[0073] By reasonably designing the radiator and fan arrangement, and designing the pressure regulating wind deflector, the air volume and uniformity of the heat exchanger under high-speed flow field are greatly improved.

[0074] The application innovatively uses the fan and radiator split structure on the high-speed train, so that the radiator core 7 is arranged most beneficially for air intake. The air intake vortex is eliminated, and the air escape is greatly reduced; in view of the heat short circuit problem caused by the short distance between the radiator and the fan, the heat exchanger system is used as the leading part to drive and adjust the high-speed train boundary and optimize the arrangement of the linear slot and other accessories, and the heat exchanger core arrangement is further optimized. The risk of heat short circuit under high-speed working condition is eliminated. The heat exchange performance is greatly improved without increasing the cost and weight of the key components such as fan and radiator. After optimization, the calculation heat exchange power can be increased by 25.78%.

[0075] The application innovatively designs an automatic guiding and pressure regulating structure, which automatically reduces the pressure at the outlet of the first fan and adjusts the dynamic pressure direction when the train is running at high speed; the simple structure greatly improves the heat exchange capacity of the first fan corresponding to the core; and the overall heat exchange power is further increased. After optimization, the heat exchange power of the first fan corresponding to the heat exchange core is increased by 21.5%, and the overall heat exchange power can be further increased by 7.1%.

[0076] The present application is verified by experiments: 1, the heat exchange capacity is improved by 34.7% after the design optimization of the high-speed flow field of the radiator; 2, the risk of high-speed heat short circuit is eliminated; 3, when the 300kW high-power fuel system is applied to a high-speed train, two high-pressure fans can be used less, the power required for fan power supply is reduced by 8kW, the direct cost is reduced by about 10000 yuan, and the weight is reduced by 32kg; 4, the volume of the core body can also be reduced by 25%, the direct cost is reduced by about 3000 yuan, and the weight is reduced by 51.2kg.

[0077] For a 300kW fuel cell system for a high-speed train, the estimated cost of the heat dissipation system can be reduced by about 13000 yuan, the weight of the key components can be reduced by about 83.2kg, and the power required for the heat exchange system is reduced by 8kW.

[0078] The above shows and describes the basic principles and main features of the present application and the advantages of the present application. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that the present application is not limited by the above examples, and the above examples and descriptions in the specification are only to illustrate the principles of the present application. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present application, various changes and improvements can be made to the present application, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the present application. The scope of protection of the present application is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A heat dissipation structure of a high-speed train fuel cell, characterized in that, Comprise; Skeleton assembly (1), both sides are inclined surface; Heat dissipation medium transfer component, installed in skeleton assembly (1); Fan mounting plate (2), installed on the top of skeleton assembly (1); Radiator fan (3): installed on the fan mounting plate (2), the high temperature air passing through the radiator is discharged to the environment; Pressure regulating rib (4), integrated on the fan mounting plate (2), and arranged at the edge of the windward side; Top fairing (5): top fairing (5) is arranged at the edge of both sides of the roof, and the air of the roof is guided; Air inlet (6): arranged on the top fairing (5), and the ambient air required for heat dissipation enters through the air inlet (6); And radiator core (7): the radiator core (7) is arranged on the inclined surface of the skeleton assembly (1), and the radiator core (7) is arranged opposite to the air inlet (6), and the high-speed air of the position outflow field can be quickly shunted to the radiator.

2. The heat dissipation structure of a fuel cell for a high-speed train according to claim 1, wherein The length of the air inlet (6) is greater than the length of the radiator core (7).

3. The heat dissipation structure of a fuel cell for a high-speed train according to claim 1, wherein The radiator core (7) is arranged on the inner side of the top fairing (5), and the height difference is kept with the fan outlet surface.

4. The heat dissipation structure of a fuel cell for a high-speed train according to claim 1, wherein The front and rear directions of the fan mounting plate (2) are provided with pressure regulating ribs (4), so that the heat dissipation demand of the train running in two directions is realized.

5. The heat dissipation structure of a fuel cell for a high-speed train according to claim 1, wherein The radiator fan (3) is provided with a wind deflector.

6. The heat dissipation structure of a fuel cell for a high-speed train according to claim 1, wherein The heat dissipation medium transfer component comprises: Water inlet pipeline (8): the high temperature liquid discharged from the fuel cell is transported to the radiator; Water outlet pipeline (9): the cooling liquid after cooling is transported to the fuel cell system; Water inlet (10): arranged at the bottom of the radiator core (7), connected with the water inlet pipeline (8); Water outlet (11): arranged at the diagonal position of the water inlet (10) of the radiator core (7), connected with the water outlet pipeline (9); And radiator exhaust port (12): arranged at the top of the radiator core (7) away from the water inlet (10) and the water outlet (11).

7. The heat dissipation structure of a fuel cell for a high-speed train according to claim 6, wherein On the front or rear wall of the skeleton assembly (1), there are: Water inlet panel interface (13): connected with the fuel cell high temperature water outlet (11) and the radiator water inlet pipeline (8); And water outlet panel interface (14): connected with the fuel cell cooling liquid water inlet (10) and the radiator water outlet pipeline (9).

8. The heat dissipation structure of a fuel cell for a high-speed train according to claim 1, wherein The skeleton assembly (1) adopts a hollow prism structure.

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