Straw-liquid manure composite precision application and fertilization technology and matching equipment

Abstract

The straw-liquid manure composite precision application and fertilization technology and the matching equipment disclosed by the application belong to the technical field of corn planting and comprise a supporting plate, a poking and pressing assembly and an opener are sequentially installed on the bottom wall of the supporting plate along the operation direction, and the poking and pressing assembly is arranged at the front end of the opener; a fertilizing device is installed on the upper wall of the supporting plate, the lower end of the fertilizing device penetrates through the supporting plate and extends to the rear end of the opener; a straw raking machine is detachably installed at the rear end of the supporting plate; the composite layer structure of the straw-liquid manure-straw can play the roles of straw soil conservation and heat preservation, promote the synergistic decomposition of the liquid manure and the straw, and improve the soil fertilization effect; the transmission assembly driven by the motor drives the first poking plate and the second poking plate to move leftward and rightward, the straw at the front end of the opener on the ground can be dynamically adjusted, the redundant straw can be actively taken away at the place where the straw is relatively thick, the straw can be supplemented at the place where the straw is relatively thin, and the uniformity of the straw thickness before the ditching is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of corn planting technology, and in particular relates to the technology and equipment for precise application of straw-liquid manure compound for fertilization. Background Technology

[0002] Liquid manure and corn stalks, as important organic resources in my country, have limitations when applied to the field alone. Liquid manure has high water content, a low carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, and high inorganic nitrogen content. While it can provide readily available nutrients to crops when applied alone, its application leads to a surge in soil nitrogen nitrification and a high risk of nitrogen loss, limiting its effectiveness in improving soil function. Returning corn stalks to the field can effectively increase the productivity of degraded black soil, but due to their high carbon-to-nitrogen ratio, microorganisms competing for available nitrogen in the soil during decomposition will prioritize nitrogen due to insufficient nitrogen in the stalks themselves. Once the available nitrogen is depleted, microorganisms will further mineralize the existing stable organic matter in the soil to obtain nitrogen for their own growth and reproduction. This process may not only lead to the loss of existing organic matter in the soil but also inhibit the decomposition efficiency of corn stalks, ultimately weakening the fertilization effect of corn stalks. Therefore, combining conservation tillage with corn stalk mulching and appropriate application of liquid manure can regulate the carbon-to-nitrogen stoichiometry and substrate availability, promoting corn stalk decomposition while reducing nitrogen leaching loss from liquid manure. This is an effective way to achieve synergistic expansion and efficiency enhancement of carbon and nitrogen in soil conservation. In order to allow liquid manure and straw to come into direct contact and exert their effects, liquid manure is applied on the basis of straw mulching and returning to the field. However, the surface application of liquid manure carries risks such as water evaporation and ammonia volatilization.

[0003] Arranging corn stalks in rows is a common method for clearing seedling strips during straw mulching. Combining corn stalk mulching with the application of liquid fertilizer involves first applying liquid manure in precise strips to the straw mulching strip, and then mulching the straw to cover the liquid manure, forming a layer of straw-liquid manure-straw. This can further improve the straw decomposition rate and reduce manure nutrient leaching, effectively matching the nutrient needs of crops throughout their entire growth period. It is an effective way to achieve synergistic expansion of carbon and nitrogen storage capacity and improve nutrient storage and supply capabilities.

[0004] Currently, field operations typically require straw arranging or clearing before applying liquid manure, necessitating multiple trips by two or more machines. This results in high fuel consumption, low efficiency, and severe soil compaction. Furthermore, if the straw layer is thick before fertilization, soil aeration decreases, hindering nutrient utilization by the liquid manure. Conversely, if the straw layer is thin, the insufficient contact area between the straw layer and the liquid manure prevents adequate straw supply for microorganisms, leading to low microbial activity and inefficient nitrogen utilization in the manure. To address these issues, this invention provides a combined land preparation and fertilization machine that can simultaneously complete straw arranging and precise liquid manure application in a single trip. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a straw-liquid manure compound precision application fertilization technology and supporting equipment, which at least partially solves the above technical problems.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0007] In the first aspect, the present invention proposes a precise application technology for straw-liquid manure compound fertilization, comprising the following steps:

[0008] Step 1: Based on the previous year's crop growth and ground inversion, determine the fertility characteristics of the target plot, comprehensively determine the amount of liquid manure to be applied based on the next year's straw yield and chemical fertilizer application, and generate a fertilization and land preparation plan.

[0009] Step 2: Using the supporting equipment, the straw is sorted and arranged before corn planting, and liquid manure is applied in a precise manner, so as to achieve effective straw sorting and the straw return zone has a structure of straw-liquid manure-straw.

[0010] Step 3: Seedling strip no-till sowing.

[0011] In the second aspect, this invention proposes supporting equipment for the precise application and fertilization technology of straw-liquid manure compound, including a support plate. A pressing and pushing component and a furrow opener are sequentially installed on the bottom wall of the support plate along the working direction. The pressing and pushing component is located at the front end of the furrow opener and is used to control the thickness and length of the straw on the ground, reducing the straw from tangling with the furrow opener. A fertilization device is installed on the upper wall of the support plate, and the lower end of the fertilization device penetrates the support plate and extends to the rear end of the furrow opener. A rake is detachably installed at the rear end of the support plate, and the rake covers the liquid fertilizer in the furrow with straw.

[0012] The assembly includes N sets of push-down components and 2N sets of furrow openers. Each set of push-down components corresponds to two adjacent sets of furrow openers and is used to process the straw at the front end of the two adjacent sets of furrow openers. The push-down component includes a mounting plate, the upper end of which is mounted on the bottom wall of a support plate. The support plate supports and fixes the mounting plate. A drive assembly is mounted on the front side of the mounting plate. The drive assembly includes a first mounting seat, a second mounting seat, a mounting rod, a rotating roller, and a motor. The motor is mounted on the mounting plate, and the mounting plate supports and fixes the motor. Both the first and second mounting seats are located on the front side of the mounting plate. The mounting rod is movably mounted on the second mounting seat. The output shaft of the motor is connected to the mounting rod, and the motor provides driving force to the mounting rod. The rotating roller is eccentrically mounted on the mounting rod, and the mounting rod passes through the rotating roller.

[0013] Furthermore, the drive assembly also includes an upper push plate, a lower push plate, and a limiting ring. The limiting ring is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating roller, and the rotating roller and the limiting ring are in clearance fit. The upper push plate and the lower push plate are respectively connected to the upper and lower walls of the limiting ring and slide along the grooves of the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat.

[0014] The mounting plate is further equipped with a limiting sliding assembly, which includes a second connecting plate. A limiting frame is mounted on the second connecting plate, and a limiting groove is formed in the limiting frame. A slider is movably installed in the limiting groove, and the slider and the limiting groove form a clearance fit to ensure that the slider can slide stably back and forth along the limiting groove without jamming. A first sweeping rod and a second sweeping rod are respectively installed on the two side walls of the slider. The first sweeping rod and the second sweeping rod are respectively located on both sides of the limiting frame. A first actuating plate is installed at the lower end of the first sweeping rod, and a second actuating plate is installed at the lower end of the second sweeping rod. The first actuating plate corresponds to the front end of the right furrow opener in the two sets of adjacent furrow openers adapted to each set of actuating and pressing components, and the second actuating plate corresponds to the front end of the left furrow opener in the two sets of adjacent furrow openers, so that the straw in front of the two sets of furrow openers can be combed independently.

[0015] Furthermore, a first connecting plate is installed on the side wall of the mounting plate, and a transmission assembly is movably mounted on the first connecting plate. The transmission assembly includes a rotating rod, a connecting rod, a driving rod, and a pushing rod. One end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting rod that extends out of the rotating roller, and the rotating rod is located outside the limiting ring. One end of the connecting rod is movably connected to the other end of the rotating rod. The middle part of the driving rod is movably mounted on the first connecting plate, and one end of the driving rod is movably connected to the other end of the connecting rod. One end of the pushing rod is movably connected to the other end of the driving rod, and the other end of the pushing rod is movably connected to the side wall of the slider.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a pressing rod is installed at the lower end of the push plate, and a first cutting blade and a second cutting blade are respectively installed at both ends of the pressing rod. The first cutting blade is located at the rear end of the first actuating plate, and the second cutting blade is located at the rear end of the second actuating plate. Both the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade are located at the front end of the corresponding furrow opener. When the push plate moves down, it can drive the pressing rod to move down, and the pressing rod moves down, driving the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade to move down. The first cutting blade and the second cutting blade can cut the straw at the front end of the furrow opener.

[0017] Furthermore, each of the fertilization devices corresponds one-to-one with the pressing and actuating components, with a total of N groups. Each group of fertilization devices is evenly arranged laterally along the support plate, and each group is installed within the area above the corresponding pressing and actuating component on the support plate. Each fertilization box corresponds to two adjacent furrow openers, used for precise application of liquid manure to the furrows opened by the two adjacent furrow openers. The fertilization device includes a fertilization box, a sealing sleeve, and a push-pull rod. The fertilization box is mounted on the upper wall of the support plate, which supports and fixes the fertilization box. The push-pull rod is movable... The pre-reserved through hole in the support plate extends to the inside of the fertilizer box and is connected to a filter screen. The lower end extends out below the support plate and is located directly above the upper push plate of the corresponding push-down component, and is connected to the upper end of the upper push plate. The sealing sleeve is fitted into the through hole of the support plate by interference fit. The inner wall of the sealing sleeve is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the push-pull rod, and the upper and lower ends of the sealing sleeve are respectively provided with dustproof lips and leakproof lips. When the push-pull rod moves up and down along the support plate, the sealing sleeve can achieve dynamic sealing to prevent liquid fertilizer in the fertilizer box from leaking along the through hole.

[0018] Preferably, the fertilizer box is provided with a feed pipe on the upper wall, through which liquid fertilizer enters the fertilizer box. A first connecting pipe is installed at the lower end of the fertilizer box, and a second connecting pipe is installed on the bottom wall of the support plate. The first connecting pipe passes through the support plate and is connected to the second connecting pipe. Multiple sets of fertilizer pipes are installed on the second connecting pipe, and the number of fertilizer pipes is 2N. The fertilizer pipes are located at the rear end of the furrow opener, and each set of fertilizer pipes corresponds to one set of furrow openers.

[0019] Preferably, the front end of the support plate is provided with a mounting bracket for connecting a tractor or other drive mechanism.

[0020] The hay rake includes a finger wheel, a linkage mechanism, a transmission mechanism, and other components. It also has auxiliary structures such as a traction beam, a rotating frame, a lifting device, a finger disc support, a hydraulic cylinder, and traveling wheels. During operation, the finger wheel contacts the ground and rotates by the friction of the ground, rakes the straw to one side, and forms a continuous and neat covering layer.

[0021] The beneficial effects of the present invention after adopting the above structure are as follows:

[0022] (1) The transmission components driven by the motor drive drive the first actuating plate and the second actuating plate to move left and right, which can actively adjust the straw on the ground at the front end of the furrow opener. The redundant straw is actively removed in the thicker areas and straw is added in the thinner areas, so that the thickness of the straw below is uniform and consistent, providing a uniform bottom layer for the formation of the subsequent straw-liquid manure-straw composite layer and improving the fertilization effect.

[0023] (2) Driven by the mounting rod, the rotating roller cooperates with the limiting ring through the eccentric connection to drive the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade to move up and down, and cut the straw at the front end of the furrow opener after processing. Especially for long straw and tough corn straw, the probability of straw entanglement in the furrow opener is reduced from the source, and the continuity and efficiency of the overall operation are improved.

[0024] (3) The straw rake achieves autonomous rotation through the friction of the finger wheels contacting the ground, without the need for additional power drive, and can rake the straw to one side to form a continuous and neat covering layer, ensuring that the upper layer of straw-liquid manure-straw composite layer is evenly and continuously covered, avoiding problems such as uneven thickness and excessive gaps caused by manual covering.

[0025] (4) The composite layer structure of straw-liquid manure-straw can not only play the role of straw in moisture retention and heat preservation, but also promote the synergistic decomposition of liquid manure and straw, and improve the soil fertility effect.

[0026] (5) The upper push plate drives the push-pull rod to move the filter screen up and down, which can actively stir and mix the liquid fertilizer in the fertilizer box, avoid the nutrient stratification caused by the fertilizer solution standing, ensure that the fertilizer solution concentration is uniform during fertilization, and prevent local concentration from being too high to burn the roots or too low to cause nutrient deficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0027] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting equipment for the straw-liquid manure compound precision application and fertilization technology proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0029] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the supporting equipment for the straw-liquid manure compound precision application and fertilization technology proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the push-down component and fertilizer application device proposed in this invention;

[0031] Figure 4 for Figure 3 A sectional view;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the push-down component proposed in this invention. Figure 1 ;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the push-down component proposed in this invention. Figure 2 ;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the hay rake proposed in this invention.

[0035] In the attached diagram: 1. Support plate; 2. Actuating pressing assembly; 3. Ditch opener; 4. Fertilizer applicator; 5. Rake; 6. Mounting plate; 7. First mounting base; 8. Second mounting base; 9. Mounting rod; 10. Rotating roller; 11. Motor; 12. Upper push plate; 13. Lower push plate; 14. Limiting ring; 15. Second connecting plate; 16. Limiting frame; 17. Slider; 18. First sweeping rod; 19. Second sweeping rod; 20. 21. First actuating plate, 22. Second actuating plate, 23. First connecting plate, 24. Rotating rod, 25. Connecting rod, 26. Drive rod, 27. Push rod, 28. Pressing rod, 29. First cutting blade, 20. Second cutting blade, 31. Fertilizer box, 32. Sealing sleeve, 33. Push-pull rod, 34. Filter screen, 35. Feed pipe, 36. First connecting pipe, 37. Second connecting pipe, 38. Fertilizer pipe, 39. Mounting bracket. Detailed Implementation

[0036] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0037] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0038] This invention proposes a precise application technology for straw-liquid manure compound fertilization, comprising the following steps:

[0039] Step 1: Based on the previous year's crop growth and ground inversion, determine the fertility characteristics of the target plot, comprehensively determine the amount of liquid manure to be applied based on the next year's straw yield and chemical fertilizer application, and generate a fertilization and land preparation plan.

[0040] Step 2: Using the supporting equipment, the straw is sorted and arranged before corn planting, and liquid manure is applied in a precise manner, so as to achieve effective straw sorting and the straw return zone has a structure of straw-liquid manure-straw.

[0041] Step 3: Seedling strip no-till sowing.

[0042] like Figures 1-7 As shown, the supporting equipment proposed in step two includes a support plate 1. The bottom wall of the support plate 1 is sequentially equipped with a pressing and pushing component 2 and a furrow opener 3 along the working direction. The pressing and pushing component 2 is located at the front end of the furrow opener 3 and is used to control the thickness and length of the straw on the ground to reduce the straw from tangling around the furrow opener 3. A fertilizer applicator 4 is installed on the upper wall of the support plate 1. The lower end of the fertilizer applicator 4 passes through the support plate 1 and extends to the rear end of the furrow opener 3. A rake 5 is detachably installed at the rear end of the support plate 1. The rake 5 covers the liquid fertilizer in the furrow with straw.

[0043] The push-down assembly 2 has N sets, and the furrow opener 3 has 2N sets. Each set of push-down assembly 2 corresponds to two adjacent sets of furrow openers 3, and is used to process the straw at the front end of the two adjacent sets of furrow openers 3. The push-down assembly 2 includes a mounting plate 6. The upper end of the mounting plate 6 is mounted on the bottom wall of the support plate 1. The support plate 1 supports and fixes the mounting plate 6. A drive assembly is mounted on the front side of the mounting plate 6. The drive assembly includes a first mounting seat 7, a second mounting seat 8, a mounting rod 9, a rotating roller 10, and a motor 11. The motor 11 is mounted on the mounting plate 6, which supports and fixes the motor 11. The first mounting seat 7 and the second mounting seat 8 are both located on the front side of the mounting plate 6. The mounting rod 9 is movably mounted on the second mounting seat 8. The output shaft end of the motor 11 is connected to the mounting rod 9, and the motor 11 provides driving force to the mounting rod 9. The rotating roller 10 is eccentrically mounted on the mounting rod 9, and the mounting rod 9 passes through the rotating roller 10. When the motor 11 works, it can drive the mounting rod 9 to rotate, and the mounting rod 9 drives the rotating roller 10 to rotate.

[0044] The drive assembly also includes an upper push plate 12, a lower push plate 13 and a limiting ring 14. The limiting ring 14 is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating roller 10. The rotating roller 10 and the limiting ring 14 are in clearance fit. The upper push plate 12 and the lower push plate 13 are respectively connected to the upper and lower walls of the limiting ring 14 and slide along the grooves of the first mounting seat 7 and the second mounting seat 8.

[0045] It should be noted that, driven by the mounting rod 9, the rotating roller 10 makes a circular motion around the connection point with the mounting rod 9. Since the rotating roller 10 and the mounting rod 9 are eccentrically connected, the rotating roller 10 can rotate along the inner wall of the limiting ring 14 while making a circular motion, and at the same time drive the limiting ring 14 to move up and down in the vertical direction. When the limiting ring 14 moves up and down, it can drive the upper push plate 12 and the lower push plate 13 to move along the first mounting seat 7 and the second mounting seat 8.

[0046] A limiting sliding assembly is also installed on the front side of the mounting plate 6. The limiting sliding assembly includes a second connecting plate 15, on which a limiting frame 16 is installed. A limiting groove is formed in the limiting frame 16, and a slider 17 is movably installed in the limiting groove. The slider 17 and the limiting groove form a clearance fit to ensure that the slider 17 can slide stably back and forth along the limiting groove without jamming. A first cleaning rod 18 and a second cleaning rod 19 are respectively installed on the two side walls of the slider 17. The sweeping rod 18 and the second sweeping rod 19 are respectively located on both sides of the limiting frame 16. The lower end of the first sweeping rod 18 is equipped with a first actuating plate 20, and the lower end of the second sweeping rod 19 is equipped with a second actuating plate 21. The first actuating plate 20 corresponds to the front end of the right furrow opener 3 in the two sets of adjacent furrow openers 3 adapted to each set of actuating pressing components 2, and the second actuating plate 21 corresponds to the front end of the left furrow opener 3 in the two sets of adjacent furrow openers 3. They can independently comb the straw in front of the two sets of furrow openers 3.

[0047] A first connecting plate 22 is installed on the side wall of the mounting plate 6. A transmission assembly is movably installed on the first connecting plate 22. The transmission assembly includes a rotating rod 23, a connecting rod 24, a driving rod 25, and a pushing rod 26. One end of the rotating rod 23 is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting rod 9 that extends out of the rotating roller 10, and the rotating rod 23 is located outside the limiting ring 14. One end of the connecting rod 24 is movably connected to the other end of the rotating rod 23. The middle part of the driving rod 25 is movably installed on the first connecting plate 22. One end of the driving rod 25 is movably connected to the other end of the connecting rod 24. One end of the pushing rod 26 is movably connected to the other end of the driving rod 25, and the other end of the pushing rod 26 is movably connected to the side wall of the slider 17.

[0048] It should be noted that the motor 11 drives the mounting rod 9 to rotate, the mounting rod 9 drives the rotating rod 23 to rotate, and the rotating rod 23 drives the drive rod 25 to swing left and right through the connecting rod 24. The drive rod 25 swings around the connection point with the first connecting plate 22. The upper end of the drive rod 25 drives the slider 17 through the push rod 26, so that the slider 17 can move left and right along the limit frame 16. When the slider 17 moves left and right, it can drive the first sweeping rod 18 and the second sweeping rod 19 to swing left and right. The first sweeping rod 18 drives the first actuating plate 20 to move left and right, and the second sweeping rod 19 drives the second actuating plate 21 to move left and right, which can control the thickness of the straw on the ground.

[0049] The lower end of the push plate 13 is equipped with a pressing rod 27. The two ends of the pressing rod 27 are respectively equipped with a first cutting blade 28 and a second cutting blade 29. The first cutting blade 28 is located at the rear end of the first actuating plate 20, and the second cutting blade 29 is located at the rear end of the second actuating plate 21. The first cutting blade 28 and the second cutting blade 29 are both located at the front end of the corresponding furrow opener 3. When the push plate 13 moves down, it can drive the pressing rod 27 to move down. The downward movement of the pressing rod 27 drives the first cutting blade 28 and the second cutting blade 29 to move down. The first cutting blade 28 and the second cutting blade 29 can cut the straw at the front end of the furrow opener 3.

[0050] The fertilization device 4 corresponds one-to-one with the pressing and pushing assembly 2, with a total of N groups. Each group of fertilization devices 4 is evenly arranged laterally along the support plate 1, and each group of fertilization devices 4 is installed in the area above the corresponding pressing and pushing assembly 2 on the support plate 1. Each group of fertilization boxes 30 corresponds to two adjacent groups of furrow openers 3, used for precise application of liquid manure to the furrows opened by the two adjacent groups of furrow openers 3. The fertilization device 4 includes a fertilization box 30, a sealing sleeve 31, and a push-pull rod 32. The fertilization box 30 is set on the upper wall of the support plate 1, and the support plate 1 supports and fixes the fertilization box 30. The push-pull rod 32 moves through the reserved through hole of the support plate 1, with its upper end extending into the interior of the fertilization box 30 and connected to a filter screen 33, and its lower end extending below the support plate 1 and located at the corresponding pressing and pushing assembly. The sealing sleeve 31 is located directly above the upper push plate 12 of component 2 and connected to the upper end of the upper push plate 12. It is fitted into the through hole of the support plate 1 by interference fit. The inner wall of the sealing sleeve 31 is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the push-pull rod 32. The upper and lower ends of the sealing sleeve 31 are respectively provided with dustproof lips and leakproof lips. When the push-pull rod 32 moves up and down along the support plate 1, the sealing sleeve 31 can achieve dynamic sealing to prevent the liquid fertilizer in the fertilizer box 30 from leaking along the through hole. The fertilizer device 4 is also equipped with a matching intelligent control device, which can realize the control of fertilizer amount and whether to fertilize, such as solenoid valve, Hall flow meter, etc. The Hall flow meter monitors the fertilizer liquid flow rate in real time and adjusts the opening of the solenoid valve through PID algorithm to realize differentiated fertilization in different areas. These are all existing technologies and are not shown.

[0051] The fertilizer box 30 is provided with a feed pipe 34 on its upper wall. Liquid fertilizer enters the fertilizer box 30 through the feed pipe 34. A first connecting pipe 35 is installed at the lower end of the fertilizer box 30. A second connecting pipe 36 is installed on the bottom wall of the support plate 1. The first connecting pipe 35 passes through the support plate 1 and is connected to the second connecting pipe 36. Multiple sets of fertilizer pipes 37 are installed on the second connecting pipe 36. The number of fertilizer pipes 37 is 2N. The fertilizer pipes 37 are located at the rear end of the furrow opener 3. Each set of fertilizer pipes 37 corresponds to one set of furrow openers 3.

[0052] The front end of the support plate 1 is provided with a mounting bracket 38 for connecting a tractor or other drive unit.

[0053] The hay rake 5 includes a finger wheel, a linkage mechanism, a transmission mechanism, etc., and also has auxiliary structures such as a traction beam, a rotating frame, a lifting device, a finger disc support, a hydraulic cylinder, and traveling wheels. During operation, the finger wheel contacts the ground and rotates by the friction of the ground, rakes the straw to one side to form a continuous and neat covering layer.

[0054] The specific usage is as follows: Adjust the rake 5 according to the thickness of the straw covering. The fertilizer box 30 contains filtered liquid fertilizer. The equipment is connected to the tractor through the mounting frame 38. The tractor drives the equipment to move. During operation, the finger wheels contact the ground.

[0055] The motor 11 drives the mounting rod 9 to rotate, which in turn drives the rotating rod 23 to rotate. The rotating rod 23, through the connecting rod 24, drives the drive rod 25 to swing left and right. The drive rod 25 swings around the connection point with the first connecting plate 22. The upper end of the drive rod 25 drives the slider 17 through the push rod 26, allowing the slider 17 to move left and right along the limiting frame 16. When the slider 17 moves left and right, it drives the first sweeping rod 18 and the second sweeping rod 19 to swing left and right. The first sweeping rod 18 drives the first actuating plate 20 to move left and right, and the second sweeping rod 19 drives the second actuating plate 21 to move left and right. When the first actuating plate 20 and the second actuating plate 21 move left and right, they can drive the straw on the ground at the front end of the furrow opener 3 to move left and right. They actively remove excess straw in areas with thicker straw and replenish straw in areas with thinner straw, making the straw thickness more uniform.

[0056] Simultaneously, driven by the mounting rod 9, the rotating roller 10 makes a circular motion around the connection point with the mounting rod 9. Since the rotating roller 10 and the mounting rod 9 are eccentrically connected, the rotating roller 10 can rotate along the inner wall of the limiting ring 14 while making a circular motion, and at the same time drive the limiting ring 14 to move up and down in the vertical direction. When the limiting ring 14 moves up and down, it can drive the upper push plate 12 and the lower push plate 13 to move along the first mounting seat 7 and the second mounting seat 8. When the lower push plate 13 moves down, it can drive the lower pressure rod 27 to move down. When the lower pressure rod 27 moves down, it can drive the first cutting blade 28 and the second cutting blade 29 to move down. The first cutting blade 28 and the second cutting blade 29 can cut the straw at the front end of the prepared furrow opener 3, reducing the straw from tangling with the furrow opener 3. When the upper push plate 12 moves upward, it can push the push-pull rod 32 to move up and down along the support plate 1. The push-pull rod 32 can drive the filter screen 33 to move up and down, which facilitates the mixing of liquid fertilizer in the fertilizer box 30.

[0057] The furrow opener 3 processes the treated area, the liquid fertilizer in the fertilization device 4 is discharged, and the finger wheel on the rake 5 contacts the ground and rotates by the friction of the ground, rakes the straw to one side to form a continuous and neat covering layer, realizing a composite layer of straw-liquid manure-straw.

[0058] Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art, inspired by this description, design similar structural methods and embodiments without departing from the inventive spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for precise application of straw-liquid manure compound for soil fertilization, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: Step 1: Based on the previous year's crop growth and ground inversion, determine the fertility characteristics of the target plot, comprehensively determine the amount of liquid manure to be applied based on the next year's straw yield and chemical fertilizer application, and generate a fertilization and land preparation plan. Step 2: Using the supporting equipment, the straw is sorted and arranged before corn planting, and liquid manure is applied in a precise manner, so as to achieve effective straw sorting and the straw return zone has a structure of straw-liquid manure-straw. Step 3: Seedling strip no-till sowing; The supporting equipment in step two includes a support plate. The bottom wall of the support plate is sequentially equipped with a pressing and pushing component and a trench opener along the working direction. The pressing and pushing component is located at the front end of the trench opener. The push-down assembly has N sets, and the furrow opener has 2N sets. Each set of push-down assemblies corresponds to two adjacent sets of furrow openers and is used to process the straw at the front end of the two adjacent sets of furrow openers. The push-down assembly includes a mounting plate, the upper end of which is mounted on the bottom wall of the support plate. A drive assembly is mounted on the front side of the mounting plate. The drive assembly includes a first mounting seat, a second mounting seat, a mounting rod, a rotating roller, and a motor. The motor is mounted on the mounting plate. The first and second mounting seats are both located on the front side of the mounting plate. The mounting rod is movably mounted on the second mounting seat. The output shaft end of the motor is connected to the mounting rod. The rotating roller is eccentrically mounted on the mounting rod, and the mounting rod passes through the rotating roller. The drive assembly also includes an upper push plate, a lower push plate, and a limiting ring. The limiting ring is movably sleeved on the outer wall of the rotating roller. The upper push plate and the lower push plate are respectively connected to the upper and lower walls of the limiting ring and slide along the grooves of the first mounting seat and the second mounting seat. A limiting sliding assembly is also installed on the front side of the mounting plate. The limiting sliding assembly includes a second connecting plate, on which a limiting frame is installed. A limiting groove is formed in the limiting frame, and a slider is movably installed in the limiting groove. A first cleaning rod and a second cleaning rod are respectively installed on the two side walls of the slider. The first cleaning rod and the second cleaning rod are respectively located on both sides of the limiting frame. A first actuating plate is installed at the lower end of the first cleaning rod, and a second actuating plate is installed at the lower end of the second cleaning rod. The actuating plate corresponds to the front end of the furrow opener and independently combs the straw in front of the furrow opener. The lower end of the push plate is equipped with a cutting blade.

2. The method for precise application of straw-liquid manure compound for soil fertilization according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fertilization device is installed on the upper wall of the support plate, and the lower end of the fertilization device passes through the support plate and extends to the rear end of the furrow opener; a hay rake is detachably installed at the rear end of the support plate.

3. The method for precise application of straw-liquid manure compound for soil fertilization according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first connecting plate is installed on the side wall of the mounting plate, and a transmission assembly is movably mounted on the first connecting plate. The transmission assembly includes a rotating rod, a connecting rod, a driving rod, and a pushing rod. One end of the rotating rod is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting rod that extends out of the rotating roller, and the rotating rod is located outside the limiting ring. One end of the connecting rod is movably connected to the other end of the rotating rod. The middle part of the driving rod is movably mounted on the first connecting plate, and one end of the driving rod is movably connected to the other end of the connecting rod. One end of the pushing rod is movably connected to the other end of the driving rod, and the other end of the pushing rod is movably connected to the side wall of the slider.

4. The method for precise application of straw-liquid manure compound for soil fertilization according to claim 3, characterized in that: A pressure rod is installed at the lower end of the push plate. A first cutting blade and a second cutting blade are respectively installed at both ends of the pressure rod. The first cutting blade is located at the rear end of the first actuating plate, and the second cutting blade is located at the rear end of the second actuating plate. Both the first cutting blade and the second cutting blade are located at the front end of the corresponding trencher.

5. The method for precise application of straw-liquid manure compound for soil fertilization according to claim 4, characterized in that: The fertilization device corresponds one-to-one with the push-down component, with a total of N groups. Each group of fertilization devices is evenly arranged horizontally along the support plate, and each group of fertilization devices is installed in the area of ​​the support plate above the corresponding push-down component. Each group of fertilization boxes corresponds to two adjacent groups of furrow openers. The fertilization device includes a fertilization box, a sealing sleeve, and a push-pull rod. The fertilization box is located on the upper wall of the support plate. The push-pull rod moves through the reserved through hole of the support plate, with its upper end extending into the interior of the fertilization box and connected to a filter screen. Its lower end extends out below the support plate and is located directly above the upper push plate of the corresponding push-down component, and is connected to the upper end of the upper push plate. The sealing sleeve is fitted into the through hole of the support plate by interference fit. The inner wall of the sealing sleeve is tightly fitted to the outer wall of the push-pull rod, and the upper and lower ends of the sealing sleeve are respectively provided with a dustproof lip and a leak-proof lip.

6. The method for precise application of straw-liquid manure compound for soil fertilization according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fertilizer box is provided with a feed pipe on the upper wall, a first connecting pipe is installed at the lower end of the fertilizer box, and a second connecting pipe is installed on the bottom wall of the support plate. The first connecting pipe passes through the support plate and is connected to the second connecting pipe. Multiple sets of fertilizer pipes are installed on the second connecting pipe. The number of fertilizer pipes is 2N. The fertilizer pipes are located at the rear end of the furrow opener, and each set of fertilizer pipes corresponds to one set of furrow openers.

7. The method for precise application of straw-liquid manure compound for soil fertilization according to claim 6, characterized in that: The support plate is equipped with a mounting bracket at its front end.

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