Annular flow reactor

Abstract

The invention provides an annular flow reactor, which is enclosed by an outer wall, a top plate and a bottom plate, and the reactor is internally provided with isolation plates which divide the reactor into a plurality of mutually independent chambers; the isolation plate is divided into a first isolation plate and a second isolation plate, the first isolation plate is a non-porous isolation plate, and the second isolation plate is a porous isolation plate; the chambers are divided into a gas inlet chamber, a reaction chamber, an absorption chamber and a gas collection chamber. The gas inlet chamber is used for inputting raw material gas, the reaction chamber is provided with a reaction agent which can react with the raw material gas flowing into the reaction chamber to generate mixed gas, the absorption chamber is provided with an absorption agent which can absorb waste gas in the mixed gas, and therefore the purity of target gas is improved, and the target gas flows into the gas collection chamber to be collected. One circumferential flow reactor can simultaneously take two reactions into account, so that the in-situ separation of waste gas is realized, the separation work is greatly reduced, the number of equipment can be reduced, and the technological process is simplified.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of gas generation equipment, and more specifically, to a circulatory flow reactor. Background Technology

[0002] In fields such as chemical engineering and environmental protection, gas reaction and waste gas treatment processes place extremely high demands on reactor performance. Traditional gas reaction devices cannot effectively separate the reaction gas from the waste gas, resulting in insufficient purity of the obtained gas, which still requires further purification. This leads to a cumbersome production process and low production efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a circulatory reactor that can generate the target gas while absorbing the resulting waste gas.

[0004] The embodiments of the present invention are implemented as follows: This invention provides a circumferential flow reactor, which is enclosed by an outer wall, a top plate, and a bottom plate. The reactor is characterized by having an isolation plate inside, which divides the reactor into multiple independent chambers.

[0005] The isolation plate is divided into a first isolation plate and a second isolation plate. The first isolation plate is a non-perforated isolation plate, and the second isolation plate is a perforated isolation plate.

[0006] The chamber is divided into an air intake chamber, a reaction chamber, an absorption chamber, and an air collection chamber.

[0007] In a possible implementation, there is one first baffle plate, which is arranged between the air intake chamber and the air collection chamber; and there are at least three second baffle plates, which are an odd number, arranged between the chambers except for the position of the first baffle plate.

[0008] In a possible implementation, when there are at least two reaction chambers and at least two absorption chambers, the reaction chambers and the absorption chambers are spaced apart and used in combination; the air intake chamber is arranged adjacent to one of the reaction chambers, and the air collection chamber is arranged adjacent to one of the absorption chambers.

[0009] In a possible implementation, the reactor is cylindrical or annular in shape; the first partition plate and a plurality of second partition plates are arranged radially within the reactor with the reactor axis as the radiation center.

[0010] In a possible implementation, the setting direction is along the circumference of the reactor.

[0011] In a possible implementation, each of the second partition plates has a corresponding aperture ratio at different locations on its surface, wherein the aperture ratio of each second partition plate increases along the direction away from the axis; the aperture ratio is positively correlated with the number of apertures and / or the size of the apertures. In a possible implementation, when the reactor is cylindrical, the cross-section of the inlet chamber, the gas collection chamber, each of the reaction chambers, and each of the absorption chambers is fan-shaped or triangular. In a possible implementation, when the reactor is annular, the cross-section of the inlet chamber, the gas collection chamber, each of the reaction chambers, and each of the absorption chambers is annular or trapezoidal.

[0012] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention are: The reactor is equipped with partition plates that divide it into multiple independent chambers. These partition plates are a first partition plate and a second partition plate; the first partition plate is non-perforated, while the second is perforated. This divides the reactor interior into chambers with different functions: an inlet chamber, a reaction chamber, an absorption chamber, and a collection chamber. The inlet chamber receives the raw material gas. As the raw material gas enters and flows through the reaction chamber, a portion of it reacts with the reagents inside, resulting in a mixture of the raw material gas, the target gas, and the target waste gas. This mixture then flows through the absorption chamber, where the absorbent reagents absorb the target waste gas. This allows for two simultaneous reactions within the reactor body (target gas generation and target waste gas absorption). Furthermore, the resulting mixture flows through multiple absorption chambers, enabling the separation of the target waste gas and ensuring the purity of the target gas entering the collection chamber. This achieves in-situ waste gas separation, significantly reduces separation work, and also reduces the number of equipment and simplifies the process. Attached Figure Description

[0013] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the accompanying drawings used in the embodiments will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show some embodiments of the present invention and should not be regarded as a limitation on the scope. For those skilled in the art, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0014] Figure 1 This is a structural diagram of the annular flow reactor in an embodiment of the present invention, where the cross-section is an annular shape. Figure 2 for Figure 1 Top view; Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of the circumferential flow reactor in an embodiment of the present invention when the cross-section is a polygonal ring. Figure 4 for Figure 3 Top view; Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of the annular flow reactor in an embodiment of the present invention, where the cross-section is in the shape of a ring. Figure 6 for Figure 5 Top view; Figure 7 This is a structural diagram of the circumferential flow reactor in an embodiment of the present invention when the cross-section is a polygonal ring. Figure 8 for Figure 7 Top view; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second isolation plate in the circumferential flow reactor according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Icons: 1. Reactor; 11. Inlet chamber; 12. Gas collection chamber; 13. Reaction chamber; 14. Absorption chamber; 2. First isolation plate; 3. Second isolation plate; 31. Opening. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the accompanying drawings can generally be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0017] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but merely to illustrate selected embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without inventive effort are within the scope of protection of the invention.

[0018] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship commonly used when the product of this invention is in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of this invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0020] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0021] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0022] In fields such as chemical engineering and environmental protection, gas reaction and waste gas treatment processes place extremely high demands on reactor performance. Traditional gas reaction devices cannot effectively separate the reaction gas from the waste gas, resulting in insufficient purity of the obtained gas, which still requires further purification. This leads to a cumbersome production process and low production efficiency.

[0023] Separating the gas reaction and waste gas treatment processes results in a cumbersome reaction procedure, large equipment footprint, and high operating costs. In this separate treatment model, after the gas reaction is complete, additional transfer equipment is needed to transport the reacted mixed gas to the waste gas treatment unit, which not only increases equipment investment but also poses safety hazards such as gas leaks.

[0024] Even when some reactors attempt to integrate reaction and treatment functions, their internal chamber designs are relatively simple, making it difficult to achieve efficient reaction and separation. Traditional reactors lack effective isolation and reasonable gas flow design between chambers, resulting in insufficient contact between the feed gas and reactants during the reaction, leading to low target gas yields. Simultaneously, the target waste gas generated by the reaction cannot be absorbed in a timely and sufficient manner, resulting in low purity of the final collected target gas, failing to meet the high standards required for industrial production. Furthermore, the single reaction and absorption mode cannot simultaneously address both target gas generation and target waste gas removal, severely limiting reaction efficiency and product quality. Therefore, a new type of reactor is urgently needed that can optimize chamber structure, achieve efficient synergy between gas reaction and waste gas treatment, and improve target gas purity and production efficiency.

[0025] This embodiment of a circumferential flow reactor includes a reactor 1 and a partition plate. The reactor 1 is enclosed by an outer plate, a top plate, and a bottom plate. The partition plate is divided into a first partition plate 2 and a second partition plate 3, which are respectively disposed inside the reactor 1, thereby dividing the interior of the reactor 1 into multiple independent chambers. The first partition plate 2 has no through holes and is a non-perforated partition plate, while the second partition plate 3 has through holes and is a perforated partition plate. The first partition plate 2 and the second partition plate 3 divide the chambers into an inlet chamber 11, a reaction chamber 13, an absorption chamber 14, and a gas collection chamber 12.

[0026] Furthermore, the interiors of reaction chamber 13 and absorption chamber 14 are used to place reactants. Specifically, reaction chamber 13 is used to place reactants, and absorption chamber 14 is used to place absorbents. Raw material gas is introduced into inlet chamber 11. In addition, inlet chamber 11 is adjacent to and unidirectionally connected to reaction chamber 12. The raw material gas in inlet chamber 11 flows unidirectionally into reaction chamber 12. As the raw material gas passes through each of the reaction chambers 13, it reacts with the reactants to generate gas. The reaction chamber 13 and the absorption chamber 14 are adjacent and unidirectionally connected. The mixed gas (including target gas, raw material gas, target waste gas, etc.) inside the reaction chamber 13 is input into the absorption chamber 14. The target waste gas generated by the reaction is absorbed by the absorption agent. After the reaction and absorption, the gas content gradually increases and is input into the gas collection chamber, so that two reactions (gas generation and waste gas absorption) can occur simultaneously inside the reactor 1. Furthermore, by setting the number of second isolation plates 3, multiple reaction chambers 13 and absorption chambers 14 can be obtained. The reaction chambers 13 and absorption chambers 14 are arranged sequentially adjacent to each other, that is, along the set reaction direction (refer to...). Figure 2In a clockwise direction, there will always be an absorption chamber 14 adjacent to each reaction chamber 13, so that the gas generated by each reaction chamber 13 enters the adjacent absorption chamber 14 for absorption reaction before flowing into the next reaction chamber 13, thereby realizing the absorption of waste gas. The absorption chamber 14 is adjacent to the gas collection chamber 12, so that the gas entering the gas collection chamber 12 will be filtered by the absorption chamber 14, thereby ensuring the purity of the target gas finally entering the gas collection chamber 12.

[0027] As an optional embodiment, in the hydrogen production process via natural gas chemical looping, the reactant is an oxygen carrier (which can be a metal oxide Fe2O3 or Fe3O4), the feed gas is natural gas, and the absorbent is a CO2 absorbent. The reaction mechanism of the entire process is as follows: CO2 absorption enhances the chemical loop hydrogen production from natural gas, combining the reaction and separation processes. By absorbing the CO2 produced during hydrogen production, the chemical reaction equilibrium is disrupted, CO conversion reactions are avoided, and energy consumption for separating and purifying CO2 and H2 is reduced, thereby producing high-purity H2. Furthermore, the high-purity CO2 produced during CO2 desorption and regeneration can be controlled for emission reduction or comprehensively utilized.

[0028] In the reduction reaction, the metal oxide Fe2O3 is reduced by natural gas to produce CO2, H2O, and the reduced oxygen carrier FeO. Subsequently, the reduced oxygen carrier FeO reacts with water, reducing water to H2, while the oxygen carrier is oxidized to Fe3O4, removing oxygen. The oxygen carrier then oxidizes with air at high temperatures to produce Fe2O3, completing the cycle and regeneration of the oxygen carrier. This process releases a large amount of heat to meet the endothermic requirements of the reduction reaction. The CO2 absorption-enhanced chemical looping hydrogen production technology enables in-situ CO2 separation. The saturated absorbent that has already absorbed CO2 can subsequently release CO2 simply by heating or adjusting the partial pressure, thus achieving low-energy capture and separation of CO2.

[0029] In some embodiments, only one first isolation plate 2 is required. A second isolation plate 3 is also located within the reactor 1, and the number of second isolation plates 3 is no less than three and an odd number, separating at least two reaction chambers 13 and at least two absorption chambers 14. Multiple reaction chambers 13 and multiple absorption chambers 14 are spaced apart. An inlet chamber 11 is adjacent to one of the reaction chambers 13, and a gas collecting chamber 12 is adjacent to one of the absorption chambers 14. The inlet chamber 11 is adjacent to one of the reaction chambers 13, allowing the raw material gas to be directly introduced into the reaction chamber 13 for reaction. The reaction chambers 13 and absorption chambers 14 are spaced apart. After the raw material gas reacts in one reaction chamber 13, the resulting mixed gas (including unreacted raw material gas, the obtained target gas, and the target waste gas) flows into the adjacent absorption chamber 14, thereby absorbing the target waste gas from the mixed gas. The mixed gas, after the waste gas has been removed, flows into another reaction chamber 13 to participate in the reaction. After multiple repetitions, the participation rate of the raw material gas in the reaction increases, and the purity of the obtained target gas is improved.

[0030] In some embodiments, the reactor 1 is cylindrical or annular in shape. A first partition plate 2 and multiple second partition plates 3 are radially arranged within the reactor 1, with the axis of the reactor 1 as the radial center. This divides the interior of the reactor 1 into multiple independent chambers (inlet chamber 11, gas collecting chamber 12, reaction chamber 13, and absorption chamber 14), the aforementioned orientation being along the circumference of the reactor 1. The multiple independent chambers are arranged adjacent to each other. When the raw material gas is introduced through the inlet chamber 11, the raw material gas travels along the circumference of the reactor 1 (…). Figure 2 The flow is clockwise, allowing two different reactions to occur simultaneously inside reactor 1.

[0031] refer to Figure 2The figure shows eight chambers, including one inlet chamber 11, one gas collecting chamber 12, three reaction chambers 13, and three absorption chambers 14. The reaction chambers 13 and absorption chambers 14 are spaced apart. The reaction chamber 13 is adjacent to the inlet chamber 11, and the absorption chambers 14 are adjacent to the gas collecting chambers 12. Viewed clockwise, the sequence is: inlet chamber 11, first reaction chamber 13, first absorption chamber 14, second reaction chamber 13, second absorption chamber 14, third inlet chamber 13, third absorption chamber 14, and gas collecting chamber 12. This design ensures that the raw material gas reacts directly with the reactants after flowing out of the inlet chamber 11. Furthermore, before entering the gas collecting chamber 12, the mixed gas is filtered through the absorption chamber 13 adjacent to the gas collecting chamber 12, ensuring the purity of the target gas entering the gas collecting chamber 12. On the other hand, the reaction chamber 13 and the absorption chamber 14 are arranged alternately, which enables the raw material gas to undergo three reactions and the target waste gas to be absorbed three times, thereby improving the reaction rate of the raw material gas.

[0032] refer to Figure 9 In some embodiments, different positions on the surface of each second partition plate 3 have corresponding opening ratios, wherein the opening ratio of each second partition plate 3 increases along the direction away from the axis. The opening ratio of each second partition plate 3 is determined based on some parameters of the raw material gas. The flow rate and velocity of the raw material gas entering the inlet chamber 11 determine the size of the opening ratio. Generally speaking, the greater the flow rate and velocity of the raw material gas, the greater the required opening ratio, so as to facilitate the rapid flow of the raw material gas through the second partition plate 3. Since the reactor 1 and the chamber are configured as columnar or annular, after the raw material gas is entered into the reactor 1, it flows in the chamber in a circumferential motion. The pressure difference borne by different positions of each second partition plate 3 is different. Since the flow rate and velocity of the raw material gas are faster and the velocity are greater the further away from the axis of the reactor 1, the greater the pressure difference borne by each second partition plate 3. Correspondingly, the opening ratio of each second partition plate 3 increases along the direction away from the axis of the reactor 1, thereby reducing the pressure difference borne by the outer side (the side away from the axis) of each second partition plate 3. Meanwhile, since the pressure difference on the inner side (the side closest to the axis) of the second isolation plate 3 is small, the opening ratio at this location can be reduced, ensuring that the location has high structural strength.

[0033] In some embodiments, the factors affecting the aperture ratio include the number of apertures and the aperture size. Firstly, each second partition plate 3 is provided with multiple sets of apertures 31, each set of apertures 31 comprising multiple apertures 31. In these multiple sets of apertures 31, the spacing between adjacent sets of apertures 31 decreases along the direction away from the centerline. The number of apertures is equal to the sum of the number of apertures 31 in the multiple sets of apertures 31; the more apertures 31 there are, the greater the aperture ratio. Secondly, the aperture size is the area occupied by each aperture 31 in each set of apertures 31; the more apertures 31 have, the higher the aperture ratio. Therefore, after determining the set aperture size according to design requirements (such as the flow rate and velocity of the raw gas), the aperture ratio can be adjusted according to the number and size of the apertures.

[0034] In some embodiments, reference Figures 5 to 8 When the chambers are cylindrical or prismatic, the entire reactor is easier to manufacture. The other sides of the first isolation plate 2 and multiple second isolation plates 3 intersect on the center line. The cross-sections of the inlet chamber 11, the gas collecting chamber 12, each reaction chamber 13, and each absorption chamber 14 are fan-shaped or triangular. In some embodiments, reference Figures 1 to 4 When the chamber is in the shape of a ring or a polygonal ring, the spacing between the supports of each pair of adjacent partitions (first partition 2, second partition 3) is relatively close, so that the entire raw material gas has good uniformity in flow. The cross-section of the inlet chamber 11, the gas collection chamber 12, each reaction chamber 13 and each absorption chamber 14 is a ring-shaped sector or trapezoid.

[0035] In some embodiments, the volumes of the inlet chamber 11, the collection chamber 12, the reaction chamber 13, and the absorption chamber 14 may be the same or different. The number of reaction chambers 13 and absorption chambers 14 formed by the separation is related to the desired purity of the target gas. Generally speaking, the more reaction chambers 13 there are, the higher the reaction rate of the raw material gas, and the lower the content of the raw material gas inside the collection chamber 12. The more absorption chambers 14 there are, the higher the absorption rate of the target waste gas. When it is desired that the purity of the target gas collected inside the collection chamber 12 is higher, the number of reaction chambers 13 and absorption chambers 14 can be appropriately increased, thereby reducing the content of the target gas and the target waste gas.

[0036] In some embodiments, reactor 1 can be either a circumferential flow fixed bed reactor or a circumferential flow moving bed reactor. When the material is particle-stable and not easily abraded, a circumferential flow fixed bed reactor is preferred; when continuous feeding and discharging is required or the material is prone to coking and needs to be replaced, a circumferential flow moving bed reactor is preferred.

[0037] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Various modifications and variations can be made to the present invention by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A circumferential flow reactor, comprising an outer wall, a top plate, and a bottom plate, characterized in that, The reactor is equipped with a partition plate that divides the reactor into multiple independent chambers; The isolation plate is divided into a first isolation plate and a second isolation plate. The first isolation plate is a non-perforated isolation plate, and the second isolation plate is a perforated isolation plate. The chamber is divided into an air intake chamber, a reaction chamber, an absorption chamber, and an air collection chamber.

2. The annular flow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first baffle plate consists of one unit, located between the air intake chamber and the air collection chamber; the second baffle plate consists of no fewer than three units, and an odd number of units, located between the chambers except for the position of the first baffle plate.

3. The annular flow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, When there are at least two reaction chambers and at least two absorption chambers, the reaction chambers and absorption chambers are arranged at intervals and used in combination; the air intake chamber is arranged adjacent to one of the reaction chambers, and the air collection chamber is arranged adjacent to one of the absorption chambers.

4. The annular flow reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The reactor is cylindrical or annular in shape; the first and second isolation plates are arranged radially within the reactor with the reactor axis as the radiation center.

5. The annular flow reactor according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second isolation plate has a corresponding opening ratio at different positions on its surface, wherein the opening ratio of the second isolation plate increases along the direction away from the axis; the opening ratio is positively correlated with the number of openings and / or the size of the openings.

6. The annular flow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the reactor is cylindrical, the cross-section of the air inlet chamber, the air collection chamber, each of the reaction chambers, and each of the absorption chambers is fan-shaped or triangular.

7. The annular flow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, When the reactor is ring-shaped, the cross-section of the air inlet chamber, the air collection chamber, each of the reaction chambers, and each of the absorption chambers is a circular fan shape or a trapezoidal shape.

8. The annular flow reactor according to claim 1, characterized in that, The reactor can be either a circumferential flow fixed bed reactor or a circumferential flow moving bed reactor.

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