Device for preparing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate

Abstract

The invention provides a high-conversion-rate hydrogen fluoride preparation device for low-grade fluorite, and relates to the technical field of hydrogen fluoride preparation. The device comprises an external mixing pre-reactor, wherein the external mixing pre-reactor is used for premixing 98% sulfuric acid, 105% fuming sulfuric acid and fluorite powder; the reaction furnace comprises a hot air jacket, a converter cylinder is rotatably connected in the hot air jacket, a dynamic and static seal is arranged between the hot air jacket and the converter cylinder, the converter cylinder rotates relative to the hot air jacket through a driving assembly, a hot air assembly is arranged on the hot air jacket, and the converter cylinder rotates relative to the hot air jacket through the driving assembly. A gas guiding assembly for guiding reaction gas is arranged at the left end of the converter cylinder, and a slag discharging assembly is arranged at the right end of the converter cylinder. By arranging the external mixing pre-reactor, raw materials can be stirred and mixed at a high speed, the reaction raw materials can be quickly and uniformly mixed, and meanwhile, the mixed materials are fed into the reaction furnace by utilizing the pushing force of continuous feeding, so that the situation that the smooth reaction of the raw materials is influenced by agglomerates formed by excessive sulfuric acid in a local area is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydrogen fluoride preparation technology, specifically to a device for producing hydrogen fluoride with high conversion rate from low-grade fluorite. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen fluoride is a fundamental raw material in the fluorochemical industry and a key ingredient in various fluorine-containing products. Currently, the rotary kiln process is commonly used to produce hydrogen fluoride from fluorite. However, with the large-scale mining and utilization of fluorite, high-grade fluorite is being continuously consumed and becoming increasingly scarce. To reduce production costs and efficiently utilize existing mineral resources, there is an urgent need to develop a device for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite.

[0003] A related technology, such as CN103879965B, describes a method for preparing hydrogen fluoride using low-grade ultrafine fluorite powder, comprising the following steps: a. Mixing 98% and 105% acid in a nicotinic acid reactor in a specific ratio; b. Pre-reacting fluorite powder with a calcium fluoride content of 90-93% and a particle size of 500-300 mesh with sulfuric acid from the nicotinic acid reactor after a mixed acid treatment step in a conventional ratio in a pre-reactor; c. Feeding the fluorite powder treated in the above steps, along with sulfuric acid and hydrogen fluoride, into a reaction converter. Under the action of a spiral crusher in the reaction converter, the powder continuously exchanges heat with the converter inner wall at 300-400℃ and completes the reaction. When the calcium fluoride conversion rate reaches 97%, the fluoride gypsum is sent to a gypsum tank, and the hydrogen fluoride gas escapes from the furnace head of the reaction converter; d. Sending the hydrogen fluoride gas escaping from the furnace head of the reaction converter in the above steps to a dust removal device for cleaning and separation.

[0004] However, uneven mixing of the reactants sulfuric acid and fluorite powder can easily occur. Excess sulfuric acid or fluorite powder in some areas can reduce reaction efficiency and increase consumption. Excess sulfuric acid can also cause corrosion to worsen, reduce the lifespan of the reaction converter, and pose safety and environmental risks. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a device for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate, which solves the problem of uneven liquid-solid mixing that easily occurs in existing hydrogen fluoride preparation devices.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a device for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate, comprising:

[0007] An external mixing pre-reactor is used to premix 98% sulfuric acid, 105% fuming sulfuric acid and fluorite powder;

[0008] A reactor, comprising a hot air jacket, a converter cylinder rotatably connected inside the hot air jacket, a dynamic and static seal between the hot air jacket and the converter cylinder, the converter cylinder rotating relative to the hot air jacket via a drive assembly, a hot air assembly on the hot air jacket, a gas guiding assembly for guiding reaction gases at the left end of the converter cylinder, and a slag discharge assembly at the right end of the converter cylinder;

[0009] The inner wall of the front end of the converter cylinder is fixedly connected to an in-furnace front spiral, and the inner wall of the rear end of the converter cylinder is fixedly connected to an inner wall stir plate and a slag-reversing support. An internal slag-reversing device is installed inside the slag-reversing support. The internal slag-reversing device is used to reverse-feed a large portion of the gypsum slag to the inlet end of the converter cylinder. Through the external mixing pre-reactor, the raw materials can be stirred and mixed at high speed, quickly and evenly mixing the reactants. Simultaneously, the continuous feeding force propels the mixture into the reactor, preventing excessive sulfuric acid in localized areas from forming clumps that would hinder the smooth reaction of the raw materials. The internal slag-reversing device reverse-feeds a large portion of the gypsum slag to the inlet end of the converter cylinder, ensuring complete reaction of the raw materials and improving the efficiency of hydrogen fluoride preparation.

[0010] Preferably, the external mixing pre-reactor includes a powder pushing section, a mixing pre-reaction section, and a mixing conveying section that are interconnected. A premixing motor is installed on the powder pushing section, and the premixing motor is connected to a premixing shaft via a coupling. A conical spiral blade, a rake spiral blade, and a conveying spiral blade are sequentially fixedly connected to the premixing shaft. A powder inlet is fixedly connected to the powder pushing section, and a sulfuric acid inlet is fixedly connected to the mixing pre-reaction section. A connector is fixedly connected to one end of the mixing conveying section near the mixing pre-reaction section, and the connector is fixedly connected to a gas guiding assembly. A discharge port is provided at the end of the mixing conveying section away from the mixing pre-reaction section. The diameter of the longitudinal section of the powder pushing section gradually decreases along the material movement direction, and the end of the mixing pre-reaction section near the powder pushing section is funnel-shaped.

[0011] Preferably, the drive assembly includes a reaction motor, a rolling roller, and a driven wheel. Hot air jackets extend from both ends of the converter drum and are fixedly connected to two driven wheels. A drive wheel is fixedly connected to the output end of the reaction motor. The drive wheel is drivenly connected to one side of the driven wheel, and the rolling roller is drivenly connected to the other side of the driven wheel.

[0012] Preferably, the hot air assembly includes a hot air inlet fixedly installed at the lower part of the hot air jacket and a hot air outlet fixedly installed at the upper part of the hot air jacket. The hot air inlet is connected to an external hot air source, and the hot air outlet is connected to an external heat secondary utilization device. The heat secondary utilization device is used to preheat the fluorite powder raw material.

[0013] Preferably, the gas guiding assembly includes a gas guiding box rotatably mounted on the left end of the converter drum, a gas guiding pipe is fixedly connected to the upper end of the gas guiding box, the gas guiding box is fixedly connected to a connector, and a dynamic and static seal is provided between the gas guiding box and the converter drum.

[0014] Preferably, the internal slag reverser includes a fixed frame fixedly installed on the inner wall of the converter drum and a slag reverser cylinder fixedly installed on the slag reverser support. An extension shell is fixedly connected to the center of the fixed frame. A slag inlet is provided on the side wall of the extension shell. A slag mesh hopper is fixedly connected to the fixed frame at a position opposite to the slag inlet. The end of the slag mesh hopper near the slag reverser cylinder is connected to the slag inlet. An inner spiral blade is fixedly connected to the left end of the extension shell. The inner spiral blade extends into the slag reverser cylinder. A crushing component is provided inside the slag inlet.

[0015] Preferably, the crushing component includes a rotating shaft fixedly installed inside the slag inlet, a connecting rod rotatably connected to the rotating shaft, a compression counterweight cylinder fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod extending into the slag return cylinder, and multiple crushing strips fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod extending into the slag hopper, with a baffle provided at the feed inlet of the slag hopper.

[0016] Preferably, the slag discharge assembly includes a slag discharge spiral blade, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the right end of the converter drum.

[0017] This invention provides a device for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate. It has the following beneficial effects:

[0018] 1. The present invention uses an external mixing pre-reactor to rapidly stir and mix raw materials, quickly and evenly mixing the reaction materials. At the same time, the continuous feeding force is used to send the mixture into the reactor, avoiding the formation of clumps due to excessive sulfuric acid in local areas, which would affect the smooth reaction of the raw materials.

[0019] 2. The present invention, through the internal slag reverser, can reverse a large portion of the gypsum slag to the inlet end of the converter drum, so that the raw materials can react fully and improve the efficiency of hydrogen fluoride preparation.

[0020] 3. The present invention provides the necessary space for the reaction by setting up a reaction furnace, thereby avoiding poor heat transfer and reaction deterioration caused by the wall of the converter cylinder. Attached Figure Description

[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention;

[0022] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the external mixing pre-reactor of the present invention;

[0023] Figure 3 This is a front view of the internal slag reverser of the present invention;

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the slag-scooping stage structure of the internal slag-reversing device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the slag discharge stage of the internal slag reverser of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the reactor structure of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the crushing component of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 8 This is a perspective view of the breaking strip of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 9 This is a structural schematic diagram of the critical state of the crushing component of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the crushed component of the present invention under compression.

[0031] Among them, 1. External mixing pre-reactor; 2. Reactor; 3. Internal slag backer; 501. Slag backing direction; 502. Slag discharge direction; 5. Reactant material; 101. Gas guide box; 102. Premixing motor; 103. Powder pushing section; 104. Mixing pre-reaction section; 105. Conical spiral blade; 106. Powder inlet; 107. Sulfuric acid inlet; 108. Rake spiral blade; 109. Conveying spiral blade; 110. Mixing conveying section; 111. Discharge port; 112. Connector; 301. Fixing frame; 302. Slag hopper; 303. Extension shell 304. Slag backing cylinder; 305. Inner spiral blade; 3031. Slag inlet; 201. Air guide pipe; 202. Reactor motor; 203. Drive wheel; 204. Driven wheel; 205. Hot air jacket; 206. Inner wall stir-frying plate; 207. Rolling trolley; 208. Hot air outlet; 209. Slag backing support; 210. Front spiral inside the furnace; 211. Dynamic and static seal; 212. Hot air inlet; 213. Converter cylinder; 3021. Baffle; 401. Extrusion counterweight cylinder; 402. Connecting rod; 403. Rotation shaft; 404. Crushing bar. Detailed Implementation

[0032] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0033] like Figures 1-10As shown, this embodiment of the invention provides a device for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate, comprising:

[0034] External mixing pre-reactor 1 is used for premixing 98% sulfuric acid, 105% fuming sulfuric acid, and fluorite powder. External mixing pre-reactor 1 includes an interconnected powder pushing section 103, a mixing pre-reaction section 104, and a mixing conveying section 110. A premixing motor 102 is installed on the powder pushing section 103, and the premixing motor 102 is connected to a premixing shaft via a coupling. A conical spiral blade 105, a rake spiral blade 108, and a conveying spiral blade 109 are sequentially fixedly connected to the premixing shaft. The powder pushing section 103 is fixedly connected to... There is a powder feed inlet 106, a sulfuric acid feed inlet 107 is fixedly connected to the mixing pre-reaction section 104, a connector 112 is fixedly connected to one end of the mixing conveying section 110 near the mixing pre-reaction section 104, the connector 112 is fixedly connected to the air guiding assembly, and a discharge port 111 is provided at the end of the mixing conveying section 110 away from the mixing pre-reaction section 104; the diameter of the longitudinal section of the powder pushing section 103 gradually decreases along the material movement direction, and the end of the mixing pre-reaction section 104 near the powder pushing section 103 is funnel-shaped;

[0035] refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 The powder inlet 106 is used for fluorite powder at 250°C to enter. The conical spiral blade 105 can squeeze the fluorite powder into the mixing and pre-reaction section 104. While providing power for the movement of the fluorite powder, it can also prevent sulfuric acid backflow from causing equipment corrosion. The sulfuric acid inlet 107 is used for the entry of sulfuric acid, which includes a uniform mixture of 98% sulfuric acid and 105% fuming sulfuric acid. The rake spiral blade 108 not only provides a stirring and crushing function, but also pushes the raw material into the mixing and conveying section 110. The conveying spiral blade 109 is used to further convey the uniformly mixed raw material, so that the raw material can enter the converter cylinder 213 of the reactor 2. The conical spiral blade 105, the rake spiral blade 108, and the conveying spiral blade 109 rotate in the same direction, which can realize the function of conveying the material from left to right.

[0036] This invention solves the problems in existing technologies, such as uneven liquid-solid mixing of sulfuric acid and fluorite powder, and the reduction in reaction efficiency and increased consumption caused by localized excess of sulfuric acid or fluorite powder. Furthermore, the problem of excessive sulfuric acid leading to accelerated corrosion and reduced reactor lifespan poses safety and environmental risks. Traditional methods involve adding raw materials in proportion and then using the rotation of reactor 2 to stir and mix the materials. However, in production practice, it has been found that the high temperature inside reactor 2 causes rapid reaction of the mixture, and localized areas of excessive sulfuric acid may form clumps that are difficult to completely break apart during reactor 2's rotation, potentially preventing further reaction participation. Additionally, the rotation of the converter pushes the materials towards the tail end of the furnace, and some materials may continue to be pushed forward in an unbalanced state without further reaction participation. All of these factors significantly impact reaction efficiency and raw material consumption.

[0037] The reactor 2 includes a hot air jacket 205, a converter cylinder 213 is rotatably connected inside the hot air jacket 205, a dynamic and static seal 211 is provided between the hot air jacket 205 and the converter cylinder 213, the converter cylinder 213 rotates relative to the hot air jacket 205 by a drive assembly, a hot air assembly is provided on the hot air jacket 205, a gas guiding assembly for guiding the reaction gas is provided at the left end of the converter cylinder 213, and a slag discharge assembly is provided at the right end of the converter cylinder 213.

[0038] The drive assembly includes a reaction motor 202, a rolling roller 207, and a driven wheel 204. Hot air jackets 205 extend from both ends of the converter drum 213 and are fixedly connected to two driven wheels 204. A drive wheel 203 is fixedly connected to the output end of the reaction motor 202. The drive wheel 203 is drivenly connected to one side of the driven wheel 204, and the rolling roller 207 is drivenly connected to the other side of the driven wheel 204.

[0039] refer to Figure 6 During operation, the reaction motor 202 operates under the control of the external power supply and controller, driving the drive wheel 203 to rotate. The drive wheel 203 drives the driven wheel 204 to rotate, thereby driving the converter drum 213 to rotate. The rolling roller 207 is used to provide support for the driven wheel 204 on the other side, ensuring the stability of the converter drum 213's rotation. In other embodiments, the drive wheel 203, driven wheel 204, and rolling roller 207 can be replaced with corresponding gears or other transmission methods.

[0040] The hot air assembly includes a hot air inlet 212 fixedly installed at the lower part of the hot air jacket 205 and a hot air outlet 208 fixedly installed at the upper part of the hot air jacket 205. The hot air inlet 212 is connected to an external hot air source, and the hot air outlet 208 is connected to an external heat secondary utilization device. The heat secondary utilization device is used to preheat fluorite powder raw materials.

[0041] refer to Figure 6 During hot air operation, 650°C hot air generated from natural gas combustion enters the hot air jacket 205 through hot air inlet 212 to heat the converter drum 213, providing the necessary temperature conditions for the reaction. The heated hot air is then discharged from hot air outlet 208. At this time, the discharge temperature is usually 300°C. An external circulating fan (not shown) can be used to circulate the hot air into a secondary utilization device. The secondary utilization device is used to preheat the fluorite powder, bringing it to 150°C, so that the fluorite powder can be directly dried and put into use. Furthermore, the preheated fluorite powder causes a micro-reaction between sulfuric acid and fluorite powder in the external mixing pre-reactor 1, making the subsequent reaction more complete. The secondary utilization device can be a fluorite powder silo or other devices that can preheat fluorite powder.

[0042] The gas guiding assembly includes a gas guiding box 101 rotatably mounted on the left end of the converter cylinder 213. A gas guiding pipe 201 is fixedly connected to the upper end of the gas guiding box 101. The gas guiding box 101 is fixedly connected to the connector 112. A dynamic and static seal 211 is provided between the gas guiding box 101 and the converter cylinder 213.

[0043] refer to Figure 2 , Figure 6 Both the gas guide box 101 and the gas guide pipe 201 are lined with corrosion-resistant materials. The gaseous products containing hydrogen fluoride are sent to the washing, cooling, separation and purification sections through the gas guide pipe 201. The dynamic and static seal 211 is used to provide the necessary sealing performance during the rotation of the converter drum 213.

[0044] The slag discharge assembly includes a slag discharge spiral blade, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the right end of the converter drum 213;

[0045] refer to Figure 6 The slag discharge spiral blade (not shown) is used to discharge the slag along the slag discharge direction 502 into the slag cooling furnace to realize the slag discharge process.

[0046] The inner wall of the front end of the converter cylinder 213 is fixedly connected to the furnace front spiral 210, and the inner wall of the rear end of the converter cylinder 213 is fixedly connected to the inner wall frying plate 206 and the slag backing support 209. The slag backing support 209 is equipped with an inner slag backing device 3. The inner slag backing device 3 is used to reversely send a large part of the gypsum slag to the inlet end of the converter cylinder 213.

[0047] refer to Figure 6 The front spiral 210 inside the furnace is used to transport the reactant material 5 from front to back; the inner wall stir-frying plates 206 inside the converter cylinder 213 are distributed in a spiral intermittent manner, which can provide the function of slowly conveying materials and ensure that the reactant material 5 can react fully; avoid converter wall slagging (a phenomenon in which the mixed materials form a hard block of a certain thickness on the inner wall of the converter) which causes poor heat transfer and deterioration of the reaction.

[0048] The internal slag reverser 3 includes a fixed frame 301 fixedly installed on the inner wall of the converter drum 213 and a slag reverser 304 fixedly installed on the slag reverser support 209. An extension shell 303 is fixedly connected to the center of the fixed frame 301. A slag inlet 3031 is provided on the side wall of the extension shell 303. A slag hopper 302 is fixedly connected to the fixed frame 301 at the position opposite to the slag inlet 3031. An inner spiral blade 305 is fixedly connected to the left end of the extension shell 303. The inner spiral blade 305 extends into the slag reverser 304.

[0049] refer to Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 6During the slag removal operation, the rotation of the converter drum 213 causes the fixed frame 301 and the extended shell 303 to rotate synchronously. The slag hopper 302 on the fixed frame 301 also rotates synchronously. When the slag hopper 302 rotates to the lower part, it can shovel gypsum slag and unreacted materials into the cavity inside the slag hopper 302. Then, when the slag hopper 302 rotates to above the slag inlet 3031, under the action of gravity, the gypsum slag and materials will fall into the slag inlet 3031 and then enter the furnace. The gypsum slag and unreacted materials are returned to the inlet of the converter drum 213 along the slag return direction 501 under the propulsion of the rotation of the inner spiral blade 305, so that the reactant material 5 can fully react. The inner spiral blade 305 rotates in the opposite direction to the front spiral 210 in the furnace to achieve the reverse transport function. A filter screen is also provided on the outer side of the extended shell 303 to filter out the lumped gypsum, so that the fully reacted gypsum powder can be discharged smoothly.

[0050] The slag inlet 3031 is equipped with a crushing component; the crushing component includes a rotating shaft 403 fixedly installed in the slag inlet 3031, a connecting rod 402 rotatably connected to the rotating shaft 403, a compression counterweight cylinder 401 fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 402 that extends into the slag return cylinder 304, and a plurality of crushing bars 404 fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 402 that extends into the slag mesh hopper 302, and a baffle 3021 is provided at the feed inlet of the slag mesh hopper 302;

[0051] refer to Figure 7 , Figure 8 , Figure 9 , Figure 10The end of the slag hopper 302 furthest from the slag return cylinder 304 is arc-shaped, allowing it to fully contact the inner wall of the converter drum 213. This allows most of the gypsum slag to be shoveled into the slag hopper 302 and then fall into the slag return cylinder 304 through the slag inlet 3031. The compression counterweight cylinder 401 is cylindrical and can contact the inner wall of the converter drum 213. The weight of the compression counterweight cylinder 401 is greater than the weight of the crushing bar 404. As the slag return cylinder 304 rotates, the compression counterweight cylinder 401 follows its rotation until it reaches the equilibrium point. Beyond the equilibrium point, under the influence of gravity, the compression counterweight cylinder 401 will rotate around its rotation axis 403, causing the connecting rod 402 and the crushing bar 404 to rotate synchronously. The crushing bar 404 will then move closer to the inner wall of the slag hopper 302, compressing the slag hopper 302. The lumpy gypsum slag inside 02 is compressed into small pieces or even powder. When the critical equilibrium point is exceeded, the compression counterweight cylinder 401 will press against the inner wall of the slag return cylinder 304 again, crushing the small pieces of gypsum slag into powder, ensuring that the gypsum slag can be fully returned, and avoiding the slag clumps affecting the subsequent reaction sufficiency. During the crushing process of the compression counterweight cylinder 401, the fully reacted gypsum powder in the slag hopper 302 will leak out, and the crushed micro gypsum slag pieces can be returned in a targeted manner, improving the slag return efficiency and facilitating the smooth discharge of gypsum powder. The crushing bar 404 has a triangular cross-section with a pointed tip, which can be inserted into the lumpy gypsum slag to crush it, resulting in higher crushing efficiency.

[0052] Working principle: Fluorite powder at 250℃ enters through the powder inlet 106. The premixing motor 102 operates under the power supply and controller, driving the premixing shaft to rotate, which in turn drives the conical spiral blade 105, the rake spiral blade 108, and the conveying spiral blade 109 to rotate. The conical spiral blade 105 can squeeze the fluorite powder into the mixing pre-reaction section 104, providing power for the movement of the fluorite powder while also preventing sulfuric acid backflow from causing equipment corrosion. 98% sulfuric acid and 105% fuming sulfuric acid are uniformly mixed and fed into the sulfuric acid inlet 107. The rake spiral blade 108 provides both stirring and crushing functions and pushes the raw material into the mixing and conveying section 110. The conveying spiral blade 109 is used to further convey the uniformly mixed raw material, allowing it to enter the converter cylinder 213 of the reactor 2.

[0053] The reaction motor 202 operates under the action of the external power supply and controller, driving the drive wheel 203 to rotate, which in turn drives the driven wheel 204 to rotate, thereby driving the converter drum 213 to rotate. The rolling roller 207 is used to provide support for the driven wheel 204 on the other side, ensuring the stability of the converter drum 213's rotation.

[0054] Hot air at 650°C, generated from natural gas combustion, enters the hot air jacket 205 through hot air inlet 212 to heat the converter drum 213, providing the necessary temperature conditions for the reaction. The heated hot air is then discharged from hot air outlet 208. The discharge temperature is usually 300°C. An external circulating fan (not shown) can be used to circulate the hot air into a secondary utilization device. The secondary utilization device is used to preheat the fluorite powder to 150°C, so that the fluorite powder can be directly dried and put into use. Furthermore, the preheated fluorite powder causes micro-reactions between sulfuric acid and fluorite powder in the external mixing pre-reactor 1, making the subsequent reaction more complete.

[0055] The front spiral 210 inside the furnace is used to convey the reactant 5 from front to back; the inner wall stir-frying plates 206 inside the converter drum 213 are distributed in a spiral intermittent manner, which can provide the function of slowly conveying materials and ensure that the reactant 5 has sufficient reaction time.

[0056] Because the rotation of the converter drum 213 will drive the fixed frame 301 and the extension shell 303 to rotate synchronously, the slag hopper 302 on the fixed frame 301 will also rotate synchronously. When the slag hopper 302 rotates to the lower part, it can shovel gypsum slag and unreacted materials into the cavity inside the slag hopper 302. Then, when the slag hopper 302 rotates to the top of the slag inlet 3031, under the action of gravity, the gypsum slag and materials will fall into the slag inlet 3031 and then enter the slag return cylinder 304. Under the driving action of the rotation of the inner spiral blade 305, along the slag return direction 501, the gypsum slag and unreacted materials will return to the inlet end of the converter drum 213, so that the reactant material 5 can fully react. Among them, the crushing parts can rotate with the rotation, and the crushing strip 404 can crush the blocky gypsum slag, which is convenient for subsequent full reaction.

[0057] The gaseous products containing hydrogen fluoride can be sent to the washing, cooling, separation and purification sections through the gas delivery pipe 201;

[0058] Under the action of the slag discharge spiral blades, the slag is discharged into the slag cooling furnace along the slag discharge direction 502, thus realizing the slag discharge process.

[0059] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, those skilled in the art will find them difficult to understand.

[0060] For those familiar with the invention, it is understood that modifications can be made without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

[0061] These embodiments may be subject to various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims.

[0062] Claims and their equivalents are limited.

Claims

1. A device for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate, characterized in that, include: An external mixing pre-reactor (1) is used to premix 98% sulfuric acid, 105% fuming sulfuric acid and fluorite powder; The reactor (2) includes a hot air jacket (205), a converter cylinder (213) is rotatably connected inside the hot air jacket (205), a dynamic and static seal (211) is provided between the hot air jacket (205) and the converter cylinder (213), the converter cylinder (213) rotates relative to the hot air jacket (205) by a drive assembly, a hot air assembly is provided on the hot air jacket (205), a gas guiding assembly for guiding the reaction gas is provided at the left end of the converter cylinder (213), and a slag discharge assembly is provided at the right end of the converter cylinder (213). The inner wall of the front end of the converter cylinder (213) is fixedly connected to the furnace front spiral (210), and the inner wall of the rear end of the converter cylinder (213) is fixedly connected to the inner wall frying plate (206) and the slag backing bracket (209). The slag backing bracket (209) is provided with an inner slag backing device (3). The inner slag backing device (3) is used to reverse a large part of the gypsum slag to the inlet end of the converter cylinder (213).

2. The apparatus for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The external mixing pre-reactor (1) includes a powder pushing section (103), a mixing pre-reaction section (104), and a mixing conveying section (110) that are interconnected. A premixing motor (102) is installed on the powder pushing section (103). The premixing motor (102) is connected to a premixing shaft via a coupling. A conical spiral blade (105), a rake spiral blade (108), and a conveying spiral blade (109) are sequentially fixedly connected to the premixing shaft. A powder inlet (106) is fixedly connected to the powder pushing section (103). The mixing pre-reaction section (104)... 4) A sulfuric acid inlet (107) is fixedly connected to the upper part. A connector (112) is fixedly connected to one end of the mixing and conveying section (110) near the mixing and pre-reaction section (104). The connector (112) is fixedly connected to the gas guiding assembly. A discharge port (111) is provided at one end of the mixing and conveying section (110) away from the mixing and pre-reaction section (104). The diameter of the longitudinal section of the powder pushing section (103) gradually decreases along the material movement direction. The end of the mixing and pre-reaction section (104) near the powder pushing section (103) is trumpet-shaped.

3. The apparatus for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly includes a reaction motor (202), a rolling roller (207), and a driven wheel (204). Hot air jackets (205) extend from both ends of the converter drum (213) and are fixedly connected to two driven wheels (204). A drive wheel (203) is fixedly connected to the output end of the reaction motor (202). The drive wheel (203) is driven to one side of the driven wheel (204), and the rolling roller (207) is driven to the other side of the driven wheel (204).

4. The apparatus for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hot air assembly includes a hot air inlet (212) fixedly installed at the lower part of the hot air jacket (205) and a hot air outlet (208) fixedly installed at the upper part of the hot air jacket (205). The hot air inlet (212) is connected to an external hot air source, and the hot air outlet (208) is connected to an external heat secondary utilization device. The heat secondary utilization device is used to preheat fluorite powder raw materials.

5. The apparatus for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate according to claim 2, characterized in that: The gas guiding assembly includes a gas guiding box (101) rotatably mounted on the left end of the converter cylinder (213). A gas guiding pipe (201) is fixedly connected to the upper end of the gas guiding box (101). The gas guiding box (101) is fixedly connected to a connector (112). A dynamic and static seal (211) is provided between the gas guiding box (101) and the converter cylinder (213).

6. The apparatus for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The internal slag reverser (3) includes a fixed frame (301) fixedly installed on the inner wall of the converter drum (213) and a slag reverser cylinder (304) fixedly installed on the slag reverser support (209). An extension shell (303) is fixedly connected to the center of the fixed frame (301). A slag inlet (3031) is provided on the side wall of the extension shell (303). A slag hopper (302) is fixedly connected to the fixed frame (301) at a position opposite to the slag inlet (3031). The end of the slag hopper (302) near the slag reverser cylinder (304) is connected to the slag inlet (3031). An inner spiral blade (305) is fixedly connected to the left end of the extension shell (303). The inner spiral blade (305) extends into the slag reverser cylinder (304). A crushing component is provided inside the slag inlet (3031).

7. The apparatus for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate according to claim 6, characterized in that: The crushing component includes a rotating shaft (403) fixedly installed in the slag inlet (3031), a connecting rod (402) rotatably connected to the rotating shaft (403), a compression counterweight cylinder (401) fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (402) extending into the slag return cylinder (304), and a plurality of crushing strips (404) fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (402) extending into the slag mesh hopper (302). A baffle (3021) is provided at the feed inlet of the slag mesh hopper (302).

8. The apparatus for producing hydrogen fluoride from low-grade fluorite with high conversion rate according to claim 1, characterized in that: The slag discharge assembly includes a slag discharge spiral blade, which is fixedly installed on the inner wall of the right end of the converter drum (213).

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