Multi-cylinder cone crusher and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to a multi-cylinder cone crusher and a control method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of cone crushers, the multi-cylinder cone crusher comprises a rack, a movable cone assembly, a hydraulic driving system, a detection module and a control module, the hydraulic driving system is in transmission connection with the movable cone assembly and is used for adjusting the size of a discharge port; the control module is electrically connected with the hydraulic driving system and the detection module, the movable cone assembly comprises a crushing cone and a fixed cone cavity, the detection module comprises a pressure sensor array, and the pressure sensor array is arranged on the surface of the crushing cone. The pressure sensor array is used for detecting pressure distribution on the surface of the crushing cone and uploading pressure distribution data to the control module; the control module divides the pressure sensing array into areas corresponding to a plurality of hydraulic cylinders in advance, judges whether concentrated pressure nodes exist in pressure distribution data or not, judges the areas where the concentrated pressure nodes exist and instructs the hydraulic cylinders in the corresponding areas to improve the locking degree.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of cone crushers, specifically relating to a multi-cylinder cone crusher and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] A cone crusher is a type of crushing machinery suitable for raw materials in the metallurgical, construction, road building, chemical, and silicate industries. It mainly crushes the raw materials in the gap by periodically approaching the outer wall and then periodically squeezing the gap between the crushing cone and the outer wall through continuous high-speed eccentric movement of the crushing cone.

[0003] Due to the high-speed motion and high pressure required during operation, the various components of the crusher are subjected to enormous impact loads and wear, necessitating real-time pressure monitoring of the system. To address this, Chinese Patent CN114210395B discloses a high-efficiency crushing cone for a cone crusher, comprising a crushing cone body, a drive shaft, and a buffer section. The crushing cone body has a receiving cavity at its axial center, and the drive shaft is located within this cavity. The buffer section is located at the lower part of the crushing cone body and is rotatably connected to the drive shaft. When a foreign object becomes lodged between the crushing cone body and the mantle wall, a connecting plug in a connecting pipe close to the lodged object is pressed into the connecting pipe under pressure. A hydraulic pressure sensor, positioned opposite the connecting pipe, detects the increase in hydraulic oil pressure. A certain pressure value is set, and when the pressure detected by the hydraulic pressure sensor exceeds this value, a solenoid valve opens. This offsets the crushing cone body from the drive shaft, increasing the space at the compression point and allowing the foreign object to pass smoothly between the crushing cone body and the mantle wall. The existing technology monitors the pressure of the buffer module, using this value to characterize the crushing force within the cone crusher. However, when pressure fluctuations occur within the cone crusher, it takes time for the pressure to be transmitted from the crushing surface to the hydraulic system and then to the sensor. This is especially true in multi-cylinder structures, where the synchronization between the hydraulic and control systems is crucial when the cylinders work together. The aforementioned technical solutions lack an optimized, efficient control method for multi-cylinder structures that allows for rapid real-time monitoring of the operating status and timely adjustment of crushing parameters. Therefore, based on prior art, this invention proposes a method that integrates pressure sensors and displacement detection devices to achieve closed-loop control of the precision of a multi-cylinder cone crusher. This provides a multi-cylinder cone crusher and its control method that allows for rapid real-time monitoring of the operating status of a multi-cylinder structure. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the aforementioned problems in the existing technology, this invention provides a multi-cylinder cone crusher and its control method, which features rapid real-time monitoring of the working status.

[0005] The objective of this invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions: A multi-cylinder cone crusher includes a frame, a moving cone assembly, a hydraulic drive system, a detection module, and a control module. The hydraulic drive system is connected to the moving cone assembly and is used to adjust the size of the discharge port. The control module is electrically connected to both the hydraulic drive system and the detection module. The moving cone assembly includes a crushing cone and a fixed cone chamber. The detection module includes a pressure sensor array, with several pressure sensor arrays respectively disposed on the surface of the crushing cone. The pressure sensor arrays are used to detect the pressure distribution on the surface of the crushing cone and upload the pressure distribution data to the control module. The control module pre-divides the pressure sensor array into regions corresponding to several hydraulic cylinders. The control module determines whether there are concentrated pressure nodes in the pressure distribution data. When the determination result is yes, the control module finds the region where the concentrated pressure node is located and instructs the hydraulic cylinder in the corresponding region to increase the locking degree.

[0006] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control module pre-divides the pressure sensor array into regions Q1, ..., Qn corresponding to n hydraulic cylinders. The detection module calculates and uploads several pressure data Y1, ..., Yn uploaded by the pressure sensor array regions to the control module. The control module calculates whether the variance F of the several pressure data exceeds the threshold F0. When it exceeds the threshold, the control module determines that there is a concentrated pressure node and finds the pressure data with the largest dispersion, which is recorded as YM. Subsequently, the control module instructs the hydraulic cylinder corresponding to YM to correct the locking degree to A1 times the original, where A1 = F0 / F × [YJ / (1+YM-YJ)], and YJ is the mean of several pressure data when calculating F.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control module is also electrically connected to a vibration sensor, which is mounted on the frame. The vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration amplitude and upload the amplitude data to the control module. The control module determines whether the amplitude data stability is lower than a threshold based on the several amplitude data uploaded sequentially, and if the determination result is yes, instructs all n hydraulic cylinders to correct the pressure downward.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration amplitude and upload the amplitude data Z to the control module. The control module calculates the amplitude data variance FZ based on the several amplitude data uploaded successively. The control module determines whether FZ is greater than the threshold FZ0. When the determination result is yes, the control module instructs all n hydraulic cylinders to correct the locking force downward by A2 times, where A2 = FZ / FZ0 × d, and d is a pre-input correction coefficient.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the control module is also electrically connected to several temperature sensors. The several temperature sensors are used to monitor the temperature data of several areas and upload it to the control module. The control module is used to calculate the cumulative heat value based on the temperature data of several areas. When the cumulative heat value of a certain area exceeds a threshold, the hydraulic cylinder of the corresponding area is instructed to further adjust the locking degree downward.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a plurality of temperature sensors are used to monitor temperature data T1, ..., Tn of several regions and upload them to a control module. The control module is used to plot temperature-time curves F1(t), ..., Fn(t) of regions Q1, ..., Qn based on the temperature data of the several regions and to calculate cumulative heat values ​​LJ1, ..., LJn. The control module determines whether the cumulative heat values ​​exceed a threshold, and when the cumulative heat value of a certain region exceeds the threshold, it instructs the hydraulic cylinder of the corresponding region to further adjust the locking degree downward, where LJn = t0 is a pre-inputted fixed value representing the length of the time statistics.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, a control panel is also included, which is used to input the values ​​of t0 and F0 and to display the pressure of n hydraulic cylinders.

[0012] A control method for a multi-cylinder cone crusher, applicable to the aforementioned multi-cylinder cone crusher, includes the following steps: Step 1: Divide the pressure sensor array into areas corresponding to several hydraulic cylinders; Step 2: The pressure sensor array detects the pressure distribution on the surface of the crushing cone and uploads the pressure distribution data to the control module; Step 3: The control module determines whether there are concentrated pressure nodes in the pressure distribution data, and then identifies the regions where concentrated pressure nodes are located; Step 4: Instruct the hydraulic cylinder in the corresponding area to increase the locking degree.

[0013] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: (1) By setting a pressure sensor array in the main body and the receiving cavity of the crushing cone, and dividing the pressure sensor array into areas corresponding to several hydraulic cylinders in advance by the control module, when the pressure changes monitored by the pressure sensor array are detected, when a concentrated pressure change is detected, there is an area where the concentrated pressure node is located, and the hydraulic cylinder in the corresponding area is instructed to increase the locking degree to complete the monitoring of local load changes, and adjust the eccentric trajectory of this part of the moving cone according to the local load changes, so as to realize the rapid real-time detection of the working status, and make local trajectory adjustment to adapt to the load by utilizing the characteristic of the multi-cylinder structure that can accurately adjust the moving cone motion trajectory according to the detection results. (2) By setting up vibration sensors to monitor vibration amplitude and uploading amplitude data to the control module, the control module judges whether the amplitude data stability is lower than the threshold based on the several amplitude data uploaded in succession, and when the judgment result is yes, it instructs all n hydraulic cylinders to correct the pressure downward, completes the judgment of the equipment status, and increases the crushing force of the moving cone when the equipment status is poor. (3) By setting a temperature sensor and having the control module collect the cumulative heat value, when the cumulative heat value in a certain area exceeds the threshold, the hydraulic cylinder in the corresponding area is instructed to further adjust the locking degree downward, so as to complete the timely collection of data under the condition of temperature rise caused by long-term high-load crushing in a certain area, and further adjust the locking degree of the hydraulic cylinder to reduce the extrusion force in response to the high-load working condition in this area, thereby completing the further local adjustment of the moving cone's motion trajectory. Attached Figure Description

[0014] To facilitate understanding by those skilled in the art, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0015] Figure 1 This is a block diagram of the control loop of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] To further illustrate the technical means and effects of the present invention in achieving its intended purpose, the following detailed description of the specific implementation methods, structures, features, and effects of the present invention, in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments, is provided.

[0017] Please see Figure 1 A multi-cylinder cone crusher and its control method are disclosed. The crusher includes a frame, a moving cone assembly, a hydraulic drive system, a detection module, and a control module. The hydraulic drive system is connected to the moving cone assembly and is used to adjust the size of the discharge port. The control module is electrically connected to both the hydraulic drive system and the detection module. The moving cone assembly includes a crushing cone and a fixed cone cavity. The detection module includes a pressure sensor array. Several pressure sensor arrays are respectively disposed on the surface of the crushing cone. The pressure sensor arrays are used to detect the pressure distribution on the surface of the crushing cone and upload the pressure distribution data to the control module. The pressure sensor array consists of several pressure sensors, which are evenly distributed on the surface of the crushing cone to monitor the pressure on the surface of the crushing cone. The control module pre-divides the pressure sensor array into areas corresponding to several hydraulic cylinders. The control module determines whether there are concentrated pressure nodes in the pressure distribution data. The control module determines the area where the concentrated pressure node is located and instructs the hydraulic cylinder in the corresponding area to increase the locking degree.

[0018] Specifically, the control module includes at least one PLC, as well as a fixed cone assembly. The fixed cone assembly includes a hydraulic drive system and an adjusting ring. The hydraulic drive system has multiple hydraulic cylinders arranged in a ring array on the outside of the moving cone along the moving cone's motion trajectory. When the moving cone continuously rotates eccentrically during the working process, each hydraulic cylinder provides pressure inward according to its own hydraulic pressure to lock the moving cone's motion trajectory in its own part. When pressure fluctuations occur inside a cone crusher, it takes time for the pressure to be transmitted from the crushing surface to the hydraulic system and then to the sensor. This is especially true in multi-cylinder structures, where the synchronization of the hydraulic system and control system is more critical when the cylinders work together. If the pressure sensor is placed inside the hydraulic cylinder to monitor the moving cone pressure by monitoring the oil circuit pressure, there is a possibility that it will not be able to monitor in time and will only make overall pressure adjustments. This cannot take advantage of the characteristic that multiple hydraulic cylinders of a multi-cylinder cone crusher are responsible for the movement of a section of the moving cone, and it is impossible to locally adjust the movement of the moving cone. In this embodiment, there are six hydraulic cylinders, which are arranged in a ring array on the outside of the moving cone. At the same time, the pressure sensor array is pre-divided into six regions, which divide the horizontal plane into six fan-shaped regions with an angle of 60°. The six fan-shaped regions correspond one-to-one with the six hydraulic cylinders, and each fan-shaped region faces the corresponding hydraulic cylinder. When a certain hydraulic cylinder increases the locking degree while the other five hydraulic cylinders remain unchanged, after the moving cone moves to this point, the distance that the moving cone pushes this hydraulic cylinder is lower, the movement space is reduced, and the eccentricity is reduced, thus completing the local motion trajectory optimization when the moving cone moves to this point. When there is a concentrated pressure node, it means that the crushing load at this point needs to be reduced, and the degree of eccentricity when the moving cone moves to this point needs to be reduced. Therefore, by setting pressure sensor arrays in the main body and accommodating cavity of the crushing cone, and by having the control module pre-divide the pressure sensor array into areas corresponding to several hydraulic cylinders, the pressure changes monitored by the pressure sensor array during use can be used to identify areas with concentrated pressure changes. When a concentrated pressure node is detected, the hydraulic cylinders in the corresponding areas are instructed to increase their locking degree. This completes the monitoring of local load changes and adjusts the eccentric trajectory of the moving cone accordingly. This achieves rapid real-time detection of the working status, and by utilizing the multi-cylinder structure to precisely adjust the moving cone's trajectory based on the detection results, local trajectory adjustments are made to adapt to the load.

[0019] In the above adjustment process, specifically, the control module pre-divides the pressure sensor array into regions Q1, ..., Qn corresponding to n hydraulic cylinders. The detection module calculates several pressure data Y1, ..., Yn uploaded by the pressure sensor array regions and uploads them to the control module. The control module calculates whether the variance F of several pressure data exceeds the threshold F0. When it exceeds the threshold, the control module determines that there is a concentrated pressure node, finds the pressure data with the largest dispersion among several pressure data and records it as YM. Then, the control module instructs the hydraulic cylinder corresponding to YM to correct the locking degree to A1 times the original, where A1=F0 / F×[YJ / (1+YM-YJ)], and YJ is the mean of several pressure data when calculating F.

[0020] When the variance F is large, it means that the discrete values ​​of some pressure data are large, and there is a high probability of concentrated pressure nodes. When the control module corrects the locking degree to the original A1=F / F0×[(1+YM-YJ) / YJ], the eccentricity of the moving cone is reduced when it moves to this point. Similarly, when the pressure data YM with the largest dispersion is large, it means that the pressure of the concentrated pressure node is large. At this time, it is also necessary to reduce the degree of eccentricity when the moving cone moves to this point. When the control module corrects the locking degree to the original A1=F / F0×[(1+YM-YJ) / YJ], the degree of eccentricity when the moving cone moves to this point is reduced.

[0021] In addition to the concentrated pressure nodes, vibration also reflects the working condition of the crusher. For this reason, the control module is also electrically connected to a vibration sensor. The vibration sensor is set on the frame and is used to monitor the vibration amplitude and upload the amplitude data to the control module. The control module judges whether the amplitude data stability is lower than the threshold based on the several amplitude data uploaded in succession, and when the judgment result is yes, it instructs all n hydraulic cylinders to correct the pressure upward. Specifically, the vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration amplitude and upload the amplitude data Z to the control module. The control module calculates the amplitude data variance FZ based on the several amplitude data uploaded successively. The control module determines whether FZ is greater than the threshold FZ0. When the determination result is yes, the control module instructs all n hydraulic cylinders to correct the locking force upward by A2 times, where A2 = FZ / FZ0 × d, and d is the pre-input correction coefficient. When FZ is large, the vibration is relatively unstable and there is a probability of abnormal situations. It is necessary to increase the overall locking force to reduce the eccentricity of the moving cone and reduce the crushing load. At this time, A2=FZ / FZ0×d is large, and the upward correction is completed. Vibration sensors are used to monitor vibration amplitude and upload the amplitude data to the control module. The control module determines whether the amplitude data stability is lower than the threshold based on the several amplitude data uploaded successively. If the determination result is yes, it instructs all n hydraulic cylinders to correct the pressure downward, thus completing the judgment of the equipment status. When the equipment status is poor, the crushing force of the moving cone is increased.

[0022] The control module is also electrically connected to several temperature sensors, which are used to monitor the temperature data of several areas and upload it to the control module. The control module is used to calculate the cumulative heat value based on the temperature data of several areas. When the cumulative heat value of a certain area exceeds the threshold, the hydraulic cylinder of the corresponding area is instructed to further adjust the locking degree downward. Specifically, several temperature sensors are used to monitor temperature data T1, ..., Tn in several areas and upload it to the control module. The control module is used to plot the temperature change curves F1(t), ..., Fn(t) of areas Q1, ..., Qn based on the temperature data of the several areas, and to calculate the cumulative heat values ​​LJ1, ..., LJn. The control module determines whether the cumulative heat values ​​exceed a threshold, and when the cumulative heat value of a certain area exceeds the threshold, it instructs the hydraulic cylinder of the corresponding area to further adjust the locking degree downward, where LJn = t0 is a pre-input fixed value representing the length of the time statistics; At this point, LJn represents the integral of the temperature of region Qn over time during the past time period t0, i.e. the degree of accumulation. When LJn is high, it means that more temperature has been accumulated, and the degree of locking needs to be further adjusted downward. By setting a temperature sensor and having the control module collect the accumulated heat value, when the accumulated heat value in a certain area exceeds the threshold, the hydraulic cylinder in the corresponding area is instructed to further adjust the locking degree downward. This completes the timely collection and capture of the temperature rise caused by long-term high-load crushing in a certain area. Furthermore, for the high-load working conditions in this area, the locking degree of the hydraulic cylinder is further adjusted downward to reduce the extrusion pressure, thereby completing the further local adjustment of the moving cone's motion trajectory.

[0023] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any person skilled in the art can make some modifications or alterations to the above-disclosed technical content to create equivalent embodiments without departing from the scope of the present invention. Any simple modifications, equivalent changes and alterations made to the above embodiments based on the technical essence of the present invention without departing from the scope of the present invention shall still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A multi-cylinder cone crusher, characterized in that: The device includes a frame, a moving cone assembly, a hydraulic drive system, a detection module, and a control module. The hydraulic drive system is connected to the moving cone assembly and is used to adjust the size of the discharge port. The control module is electrically connected to both the hydraulic drive system and the detection module. The moving cone assembly includes a crushing cone and a fixed cone chamber. The detection module includes a pressure sensor array. Several pressure sensor arrays are respectively disposed on the surface of the crushing cone. The pressure sensor arrays are used to detect the pressure distribution on the surface of the crushing cone and upload the pressure distribution data to the control module. The control module pre-divides the pressure sensor array into regions corresponding to several hydraulic cylinders. The control module determines whether there are concentrated pressure nodes in the pressure distribution data. When the determination result is yes, the control module finds the region where the concentrated pressure node is located and instructs the hydraulic cylinder in the corresponding region to increase the locking degree.

2. The multi-cylinder cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module pre-divides the pressure sensor array into regions Q1, ..., Qn corresponding to n hydraulic cylinders. The detection module calculates several pressure data Y1, ..., Yn uploaded by the pressure sensor array regions and uploads them to the control module. The control module calculates whether the variance F of the several pressure data exceeds the threshold F0. When it exceeds the threshold, the control module determines that there is a concentrated pressure node and finds the pressure data with the largest dispersion, which is recorded as YM. Subsequently, the control module instructs the hydraulic cylinder corresponding to YM to correct the locking degree to A1 times the original, where A1 = F / F0 × [(1 + YM - YJ) / YJ], and YJ is the mean of several pressure data when calculating F.

3. A multi-cylinder cone crusher according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control module is also electrically connected to a vibration sensor, which is mounted on the frame. The vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration amplitude and upload the amplitude data to the control module. The control module determines whether the amplitude data stability is lower than the threshold based on the several amplitude data uploaded successively, and if the determination result is yes, it instructs all n hydraulic cylinders to correct the pressure upward.

4. A multi-cylinder cone crusher according to claim 3, characterized in that: The vibration sensor is used to monitor the vibration amplitude and upload the amplitude data Z to the control module. The control module calculates the amplitude data variance FZ based on the several amplitude data uploaded successively. The control module determines whether FZ is greater than the threshold FZ0. When the determination result is yes, the control module instructs all n hydraulic cylinders to correct the locking force upward by A2 times, where A2=FZ / FZ0×d, and d is the pre-input correction coefficient.

5. A multi-cylinder cone crusher according to claim 2, characterized in that: The control module is also electrically connected to several temperature sensors, which are used to monitor temperature data of several areas and upload the data to the control module. The control module is used to calculate the cumulative heat value based on the temperature data of several areas, and when the cumulative heat value of a certain area exceeds a threshold, it instructs the hydraulic cylinder of the corresponding area to further adjust the locking degree downward.

6. A multi-cylinder cone crusher according to claim 5, characterized in that: Several temperature sensors are used to monitor temperature data T1, ..., Tn in several areas and upload it to the control module. The control module is used to plot temperature-time curves F1(t), ..., Fn(t) for areas Q1, ..., Qn based on the temperature data from the several areas, and to calculate cumulative heat values ​​LJ1, ..., LJn. The control module determines whether each cumulative heat value exceeds a threshold, and when the cumulative heat value in a certain area exceeds the threshold, it instructs the hydraulic cylinder in the corresponding area to further adjust the locking degree downwards, where LJn = t0 is a pre-inputted fixed value representing the length of the time statistics.

7. A multi-cylinder cone crusher according to claim 6, characterized in that: It also includes a control panel, which is used to input the values ​​of t0 and F0 and to display the pressure of n hydraulic cylinders.

8. A control method for a multi-cylinder cone crusher, characterized in that: A multi-cylinder cone crusher applicable to any one of claims 1 to 7 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Divide the pressure sensor array into areas corresponding to several hydraulic cylinders in advance; Step 2: The pressure sensor array detects the pressure distribution on the surface of the crushing cone and uploads the pressure distribution data to the control module; Step 3: The control module determines whether there are concentrated pressure nodes in the pressure distribution data, and then identifies the regions where concentrated pressure nodes are located; Step 4: Instruct the hydraulic cylinder in the corresponding area to increase the locking degree.

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