Flotation method of green layer silicon-cerium-titanium ore

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of mineral separation, and discloses a flotation method of green layer silicon cerium titanium ore. The flotation method of the green layer silicon-cerium-titanium ore comprises the steps that ore is pretreated, and ore pulp is obtained; and an activating agent, a first inhibitor and a first collecting agent are sequentially added into the ore pulp for roughing, and flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings are obtained. And a second inhibitor and a second collecting agent are sequentially added into the flotation coarse tailings for scavenging, and scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings are obtained. According to the method, the enrichment ratio of the green layer silicon cerium titanium ore is increased, the uranium grade is improved, the treatment amount of subsequent hydrometallurgy ore is reduced, and the production cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of mineral processing technology, specifically relating to a flotation method for green layer cerium titanium ore. Background Technology

[0002] Green layer cerium titanate [Na2Ca4(Ce,Th,U)Ti(Si4O] 15 )(OH,F)3 is a uranium-bearing mineral. It is a titanate mineral belonging to the monoclinic crystal system, and its color ranges from pale yellow to yellow, with a vitreous luster.

[0003] Green-layer cerium-titanium silicate ore contains many valuable elements, but the grades of each valuable element are relatively low. Furthermore, the ore is of the aluminosilicate or ferrosilicate type, resulting in high acid consumption during leaching. Therefore, enrichment of the green-layer cerium-titanium silicate ore is necessary to remove acid-consuming minerals.

[0004] In related technologies, magnetic separation is used to enrich green-layer cerium-titanium ore. Although 27% of the uranium-bearing tailings (uranium grade 0.0074%) are discarded, the uranium grade in the concentrate is only enriched from 0.046% to 0.068%, resulting in a low enrichment ratio and low recovery rate. Consequently, the grades of uranium and rare earth elements in the magnetic separation concentrate remain low, leading to large subsequent hydrometallurgical ore processing volumes and high extraction costs. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application aims to address at least one of the technical problems existing in the related art.

[0006] Therefore, this application provides a flotation method for green layer cerium titanium ore, comprising the following steps: pre-treating the ore to obtain a slurry; adding an activator, a first inhibitor, and a first collector sequentially to the slurry for roughing to obtain a flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings; adding a second inhibitor and a second collector sequentially to the flotation rough tailings for scavenging to obtain a scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings.

[0007] In one possible implementation, the flotation method further includes: mixing the flotation rough concentrate and the scavenging concentrate, and performing multiple fine cleaning processes to obtain a flotation concentrate.

[0008] In one possible implementation, the step of sequentially adding an activator, a first inhibitor, and a first collector to the slurry for roughing to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings includes: adding an activator to the slurry and stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min; adding a first inhibitor to the slurry and stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min; adding a first collector to the slurry and stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min, followed by aeration flotation to obtain the flotation rough concentrate and the flotation rough tailings.

[0009] In one possible implementation, the activator comprises 200 g / t to 3000 g / t of lead nitrate and 200 g / t to 2000 g / t of manganese dioxide.

[0010] In one possible implementation, the first inhibitor comprises 0 to 1500 g / t of dihydrogen phosphate and 0 to 1000 g / t of carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0011] In one possible implementation, the first collector comprises 50 g / t to 1000 g / t of methyltrioctylammonium chloride and 100 g / t to 1500 g / t of sodium diethyldithiophosphate.

[0012] In one possible implementation, the step of sequentially adding a second inhibitor and a second collector to the flotation rough tailings to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings includes: adding a second inhibitor to the flotation rough tailings and stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min; adding a second collector to the flotation rough tailings and stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min, followed by aeration flotation to obtain the scavenged concentrate and the scavenged tailings.

[0013] In one possible implementation, the second inhibitor comprises 50 g / t to 500 g / t of L-cysteine ​​and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of water glass; the second collector comprises 200 g / t to 1500 g / t of sodium alkyl hydroxamic acid and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0014] In one possible implementation, the step of pre-treating the ore to obtain a slurry includes: coarsely crushing the ore to a particle size of less than 8 mm; grinding the coarsely crushed ore to a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for 50% to 90%, to obtain a crushed slurry; and adjusting the concentration of the crushed slurry to 10% to 45%, to obtain the slurry.

[0015] In one possible implementation, after pretreating the ore to obtain a slurry, the flotation method further includes adding a pH adjuster to the slurry, the pH adjuster comprising 500 g / t to 5000 g / t of sulfuric acid, and stirring for 3 min to 15 min at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min.

[0016] The flotation method for green layer cerium titanium silicate provided in this application can achieve at least the following technical effects:

[0017] In this application, the ore is pretreated to obtain a slurry, which provides a basic slurry for sufficient contact between the ore and chemical reagents. An activator, a first depressant, and a first collector are sequentially added to the slurry for roughing, yielding a rough concentrate and rough tailings, achieving preliminary separation of the target mineral (green-bedded cerium-titanium ore) from gangue minerals. A second depressant and a second collector are sequentially added to the rough tailings for scavenging, yielding a scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings, increasing the overall recovery rate of the target mineral (green-bedded cerium-titanium ore), reducing resource waste, further increasing the enrichment ratio of green-bedded cerium-titanium ore, improving uranium grade, reducing the amount of subsequent hydrometallurgical ore to be processed, and lowering production costs.

[0018] The above general description and the description below are exemplary and illustrative only and are not intended to limit this application. Attached Figure Description

[0019] One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings. These illustrations and drawings do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements having the same reference numerals in the drawings are shown as similar elements. The drawings are not to be scaled. And wherein:

[0020] Figure 1 A flowchart of a flotation method provided in one embodiment of this disclosure;

[0021] Figure 2 A flowchart of a flotation method provided in another embodiment of this disclosure;

[0022] Figure 3 A process flow diagram of the flotation method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To provide a more detailed understanding of the features and technical content of the embodiments of this disclosure, the implementation of the embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the embodiments of this disclosure. In the following technical description, for ease of explanation, several details are used to provide a full understanding of the disclosed embodiments. However, one or more embodiments may still be implemented without these details. In other cases, well-known processes and apparatus may be simplified in their depiction to simplify the drawings.

[0024] The terms "first," "second," etc., used in the specification, claims, and accompanying drawings of this disclosure are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequence. It should be understood that such data can be interchanged where appropriate for the embodiments of this disclosure described herein. Furthermore, the terms "comprising" and "having," and any variations thereof, are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion.

[0025] The term "and / or" describes an association between objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, A and / or B means: A or B, or A and B.

[0026] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in the present disclosure can be combined with each other.

[0027] It should be noted that in this embodiment, g / t represents the number of grams of reagent added per ton of raw ore.

[0028] It should be noted that in the description of this embodiment, the statement that 50% to 90% of the particles with a size of -0.074mm account for 50% to 90% means that the mass percentage of particles with a size of less than 0.074mm in the ore material is 50% to 90%.

[0029] It should be noted that, in the description of this embodiment, the ideal flotation index refers to an index that balances recovery rate and grade, and can be set according to actual needs.

[0030] Combination Figure 1 As shown, this application provides a flotation method for green layer cerium-titanium silicate, comprising the following steps:

[0031] S11. Pre-treat the ore to obtain a slurry.

[0032] In this embodiment, the ore is pretreated to obtain a slurry, which provides a basic slurry for the subsequent full contact between the ore and chemical reagents.

[0033] In some embodiments, the step of pretreating the ore to obtain a slurry includes: coarsely crushing the ore to a particle size of less than 8 mm; grinding the coarsely crushed ore to a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for 50% to 90%, to obtain a crushed slurry; and adjusting the concentration of the crushed slurry to 10% to 45%, to obtain a slurry.

[0034] In this embodiment, the ore is coarsely crushed to a particle size of less than 8 mm to provide a suitable feed for subsequent grinding, thus initially achieving the liberation of the target mineral. By grinding the ore to a particle size of -0.074 mm accounting for 50% to 90%, the target mineral (green layer cerium titanate) is fully separated from the gangue minerals, forming a large number of floatable single particles.

[0035] By adjusting the concentration of the pulp to 10% to 45%, suitable separation conditions are created for the subsequent flotation process, so as to achieve the best effect in the relationship between reagent consumption, recovery rate, grade and flotation time.

[0036] S12. Activator, first inhibitor and first collector are added to the slurry in sequence for roughing to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings.

[0037] In this embodiment, the target mineral (green layer cerium titanate) and gangue minerals are initially separated by adding an activator, a first inhibitor and a first collector to the slurry in sequence.

[0038] In some embodiments, the activator includes 200 g / t to 3000 g / t of lead nitrate and 200 g / t to 2000 g / t of manganese dioxide.

[0039] In this embodiment, the combined use of 200 g / t to 3000 g / t of lead nitrate and 200 g / t to 2000 g / t of manganese dioxide can achieve a coupling activation effect, significantly enhancing the surface active sites of the target mineral (green layer cerium titanate), thereby greatly improving the adsorption efficiency of the subsequent collector.

[0040] In some embodiments, the first inhibitor comprises 0 to 1500 g / t of dihydrogen phosphate and 0 to 1000 g / t of carboxymethyl cellulose.

[0041] In this embodiment, a stable complex is formed with iron ions through the synergistic inhibitory effect of 0 to 1500 g / t of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 0 to 1000 g / t of carboxymethyl cellulose. This selectively and efficiently inhibits iron-bearing gangue minerals and feldspar minerals, widening the floatability difference between the target mineral (green layer cerium titanate) and gangue minerals, thereby significantly improving the selectivity of the flotation process and ensuring the acquisition of high-grade rough concentrate.

[0042] In some embodiments, the first collector comprises 50 g / t to 1000 g / t of methyltrioctylammonium chloride and 100 g / t to 1500 g / t of sodium diethyldithiophosphate.

[0043] In this embodiment, the synergistic collecting effect of 50 g / t to 1000 g / t of methyltrioctylammonium chloride and 100 g / t to 1500 g / t of sodium diethyldithiophosphate achieves efficient and robust adsorption of multiple active sites (such as titanium, uranium, cerium, etc.) on the surface of the target mineral, thereby significantly enhancing the overall hydrophobicity of the mineral and greatly improving the flotation recovery rate and concentrate grade.

[0044] In some embodiments, the step of sequentially adding an activator, a first depressant, and a first collector to the slurry for roughing to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings includes: adding an activator to the slurry and stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min; adding a first depressant to the slurry and stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min; adding a first collector to the slurry and stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min, followed by aerated flotation to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings.

[0045] Specifically, an activator, comprising 200 g / t to 3000 g / t of lead nitrate and 200 g / t to 2000 g / t of manganese dioxide, is first added to the slurry. The mixture is stirred for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min. Then, a first inhibitor, comprising 0 to 1500 g / t of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 0 to 1000 g / t of carboxymethyl cellulose, is added. The mixture is stirred for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min. Finally, the first collector is added, which consists of 50 g / t to 1000 g / t of methyltrioctylammonium chloride and 100 g / t to 1500 g / t of sodium diethyldithiophosphate. Under the condition of flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min, the mixture is stirred for 3 min to 15 min. After the first collector has fully reacted with the target mineral, the mixture is aerated for flotation to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings.

[0046] In this embodiment, by high-speed stirring, the activator can fully interact with the surface of the target mineral (green cerium borosilicate), altering its surface charge or enhancing active sites, thus creating conditions for subsequent collector adsorption. The inhibitor preferentially adsorbs onto the surface of the gangue mineral, making it hydrophilic and preventing it from interacting with the collector, thereby improving selectivity. With the target mineral activated and the gangue inhibited, the collector can selectively adsorb onto the target mineral, causing it to float hydrophobically.

[0047] S13. Add the second inhibitor and the second collector to the flotation rough tailings in sequence for scavenging to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings.

[0048] In this embodiment, by sequentially adding a second inhibitor and a second collector to the flotation tailings for scavenging, efficient and selective recovery of residual target minerals is achieved.

[0049] In some embodiments, the second inhibitor comprises 50 g / t to 500 g / t of L-cysteine ​​and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of water glass. The second collector comprises 200 g / t to 1500 g / t of sodium alkyl hydroxamic acid and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of sodium petroleum sulfonate.

[0050] In this embodiment, the synergistic effect of 50 g / t to 500 g / t of L-cysteine ​​and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of water glass inhibits gangue minerals and silicate minerals containing heavy metal ions, creating a highly selective environment for the second collection (scavenging), thereby maximizing the recovery of residual target minerals, reducing the final tailings grade, and increasing the overall recovery rate.

[0051] By using sodium alkyl hydroxamate at a rate of 200 g / t to 1500 g / t and sodium petroleum sulfonate at a rate of 100 g / t to 1000 g / t, it can combine with cerium and titanium ions in the target mineral (green cerium titanate) to further capture green cerium titanate and improve the recovery rate.

[0052] In this embodiment, a more targeted combination of reagents, consisting of 50 g / t to 500 g / t of L-cysteine ​​and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of water glass, and 200 g / t to 1500 g / t of sodium alkyl hydroxamic acid and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of sodium petroleum sulfonate, was used to achieve efficient and selective recovery of residual target minerals.

[0053] In some embodiments, the step of sequentially adding a second inhibitor and a second collector to flotation rough tailings to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings includes: adding a second inhibitor to the flotation rough tailings, which can be done by stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min; adding a second collector to the flotation rough tailings, and stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min, followed by aerated flotation to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings.

[0054] Specifically, a second depressant, comprising 50 g / t to 500 g / t of L-cysteine ​​and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of water glass, is first added to the flotation rough tailings. The mixture is stirred for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min. Then, a second collector, comprising 200 g / t to 1500 g / t of sodium alkyl hydroxamic acid and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of sodium petroleum sulfonate, is added. After stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min, aerated flotation is performed to obtain scavenging concentrate and scavenging tailings. That is, by setting the dosage and reaction conditions of the second inhibitor and the second collector, the two work together to effectively suppress gangue minerals that were not completely suppressed in the roughing stage in the flotation tailings, thereby achieving efficient and selective collection of the target minerals and improving the recovery rate.

[0055] In some embodiments, the flotation method further includes: mixing the flotation rough concentrate and the scavenging concentrate, and performing multiple fine cleaning processes to obtain the flotation concentrate.

[0056] Multiple selections are performed, meaning that the selected tailings from each selection are returned to the next stage of flotation until the ideal flotation parameters are achieved to obtain flotation concentrate.

[0057] Furthermore, mixing flotation rough concentrate and scavenging concentrate for multiple fine-tuning processes can increase the enrichment ratio of green layer cerium titanium ore, improve uranium grade, reduce the amount of subsequent hydrometallurgical ore to be processed, and lower production costs.

[0058] In some embodiments, after the step of pretreating the ore to obtain a slurry, the flotation method further includes: adding a pH adjuster to the slurry, the pH adjuster comprising 500 g / t to 5000 g / t of sulfuric acid, and stirring for 3 min to 15 min at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min.

[0059] By adding a pH adjuster, calcium, iron, sodium and other ions on the surface of the target mineral are dissolved, exposing active sites such as titanium, uranium and cerium. This improves the selectivity of the reagent, enhances the floatability of the target mineral, and inhibits gangue minerals, thereby increasing the grade and recovery rate of the concentrate.

[0060] In this embodiment, the sulfuric acid can be 98% concentrated sulfuric acid.

[0061] Combination Figure 2 As shown, this disclosure also provides a flotation method for green layer cerium titanate, comprising the following steps:

[0062] S21. Pre-treat the ore to obtain a slurry.

[0063] S22. Add pH adjuster to slurry.

[0064] S23. Activator, first inhibitor and first collector are added to the slurry in sequence for roughing to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings.

[0065] S24. Add the second inhibitor and the second collector to the flotation rough tailings in sequence for scavenging to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings.

[0066] S25. Mix the flotation rough concentrate and the scavenging concentrate, and perform multiple cleaning processes to obtain the flotation concentrate.

[0067] Combination Figure 3 As shown, this disclosure also provides a flotation method for green layer cerium titanate, comprising the following steps:

[0068] Prepare the raw ore.

[0069] Ore crushing. For example, coarsely crushing ore to a particle size of less than 5mm.

[0070] Grinding. For example, grinding crushed ore to a particle size of -0.074mm accounting for 80%, and adjusting the slurry concentration to 10% to 45%.

[0071] Add a pH adjuster. For example, add 2000g / t of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid to the slurry.

[0072] Add an activator. For example, add 1200 g / t of lead nitrate and 800 g / t of manganese dioxide to the slurry. The slurry can be activated by stirring for 5 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min.

[0073] Add the first inhibitor. For example, add 500 g / t of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 500 g / t of carboxymethyl cellulose to the activated slurry. Stir for 5 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min.

[0074] Add the first collector. For example, add 800 g / t of methyltrioctylammonium chloride and 500 g / t of sodium diethyldithiophosphate to the slurry containing the first inhibitor. Stir for 5 min at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min.

[0075] Roughing. Specifically, after the first collector has fully reacted with the target mineral, aerated flotation is carried out to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings.

[0076] Add a second inhibitor. For example, add 400 g / t of L-cysteine ​​and 600 g / t of water glass to the flotation rough tailings. Stir for 5 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min.

[0077] Add a second collector. For example, add 600 g / t of sodium alkyl hydroxamic acid and 400 g / t of sodium petroleum sulfonate to the slurry containing the second inhibitor. Stir for 10 min at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min.

[0078] Scavenging. Specifically, after the second collector has fully reacted with the target mineral, aerated flotation is performed to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings.

[0079] Multiple refining processes are employed. For example, flotation rough concentrate and scavenging concentrate are combined and refined multiple times. The refined tailings are returned to the next stage of flotation until the ideal flotation parameters are achieved, thus obtaining flotation concentrate.

[0080] Specifically, the rough concentrate obtained from the roughing process and the scavenging concentrate obtained from the scavenging process are combined and used as feed for the first cleaning process (cleaning 1). The combined concentrate is then subjected to aerated flotation to obtain Cleaning 1 concentrate and Cleaning 1 tailings. The Cleaning 1 tailings are returned to the roughing process. The Cleaning 1 concentrate is then subjected to aerated flotation to obtain Cleaning 2 concentrate and Cleaning 2 tailings. The Cleaning 2 tailings are returned to the feed for the cleaning process. The Cleaning 2 concentrate is then subjected to a final aerated flotation to obtain Cleaning 3 concentrate (flotation concentrate) and Cleaning 3 tailings. The Cleaning 3 tailings are returned to the feed for the cleaning process.

[0081] The flotation process of green-layered cerium-titanium ore is illustrated below using examples 1 to 3, taking a low-grade radioactive polymetallic ore as an example. In this polymetallic ore, the main target mineral is green-layered cerium-titanium ore, and the gangue minerals are mainly potassium-sodium feldspar, nepheline, amphibole, pectinate, salmine, ferroaluminate, biotite, sphene, fluorite, nepheline, natrolite, albite, hydromica, calcite, etc. The uranium (U) grade is 0.05%, and the rare earth oxygen (REO) grade is 1.34%.

[0082] Example 1

[0083] A flotation method for green-layered cerium-titanium silicate includes the following steps:

[0084] Take three portions of ore and designate them as sample A, sample B, and sample C, respectively.

[0085] Each sample was treated as follows: the ore was crushed to a particle size <8mm. The coarsely crushed slurry was then ground until 60% of the particles were -0.074mm, yielding a crushed and ground slurry. The concentration of the crushed and ground slurry was adjusted to 25%. 98% concentrated sulfuric acid was added to the slurry at a rate of 1000g / t. The mixture was stirred for 3 minutes at a flotation speed of 2000r / min.

[0086] Referring to Table 1, activators were added to the slurry containing 98% concentrated sulfuric acid. Specifically, the amounts of lead nitrate added to samples A, B, and C were 0 g / t, 800 g / t, and 800 g / t, respectively, while the amounts of manganese dioxide added were 0 g / t, 400 g / t, and 400 g / t, respectively. The slurry was stirred for 5 minutes at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min to obtain the activated slurry.

[0087] Referring to Table 1, the first inhibitor was added to the activated slurry. Specifically, for samples A, B, and C, the amount of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate added was 800 g / t, and the amount of carboxymethyl cellulose added was 200 g / t. The mixture was stirred for 3 minutes at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0088] Referring to Table 1, the first collector was added to the slurry containing the first inhibitor. Specifically, the amounts of methyltrioctylammonium chloride added to samples A, B, and C were 500 g / t, 500 g / t, and 900 g / t, respectively, and the amounts of sodium diethyldithiophosphate added were 400 g / t, 400 g / t, and 0 g / t, respectively. The flotation was carried out at a speed of 2000 r / min, with stirring for 3 min.

[0089] After the first collector fully reacts with the target mineral, aeration flotation is performed to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings.

[0090] Table 1 Flotation conditions for green layer cerium titanium ore

[0091]

[0092] Referring to Table 1, a second inhibitor was added to the flotation rough tailings. Specifically, the amount of L-cysteine ​​added to samples A, B, and C was 200 g / t, and the amount of water glass added was 500 g / t. The mixture was stirred for 3 minutes at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0093] Referring to Table 1, a second collector was added to the slurry containing the second inhibitor. Specifically, the amount of sodium alkyl hydroxamic acid added to samples A, B, and C was 500 g / t, and the amount of sodium petroleum sulfonate added was 300 g / t. The mixture was stirred for 3 min at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0094] After the second collector fully reacts with the target mineral, aeration flotation is performed to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings.

[0095] As shown in Table 1, for sample B, the following were used respectively: activator (lead nitrate 800 g / t and manganese dioxide 400 g / t), first inhibitor (ammonia dihydrogen phosphate 800 g / t and carboxymethyl cellulose 200 g / t), first collector (methyltrioctyl ammonium chloride 500 g / t and sodium diethyl dithiophosphate 400 g / t), second inhibitor (L-cysteine ​​200 g / t and water glass 500 g / t), and second collector (alkyl hydroxamic acid sodium 500 g / t and petroleum sulfonate sodium 300 g / t).

[0096] Table 2 Flotation results of green layer cerium titanium ore

[0097]

[0098] The flotation results for sample B are shown in Table 2. The U grade of the flotation rough concentrate is 0.14%, the U grade of the scavenging concentrate is 0.11%, the U recovery rate of the flotation rough concentrate is 64.74%, and the U recovery rate of the scavenging concentrate is 23.03%. The REO grade of the flotation rough concentrate is 3.67%, and the REO grade of the scavenging concentrate is 3.09%. The REO recovery rate of the flotation rough concentrate is 63.32%, and the REO recovery rate of the scavenging concentrate is 24.14%. The U grade of the raw ore is 0.05%, and the REO grade of the raw ore is 1.34%. The U grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.0092%, and the REO grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.25%.

[0099] Based on the formula: Total U recovery rate = U recovery rate of flotation rough concentrate + U recovery rate of scavenging concentrate, the total U recovery rate is 87.77%.

[0100] Based on the formula: REO total recovery rate = REO recovery rate of flotation rough concentrate + REO recovery rate of scavenging concentrate, the total REO recovery rate is 87.46%.

[0101] It is evident that the flotation method of sample B can enhance the surface activity of the target mineral, improve the adsorption efficiency of the collector, significantly increase the recovery rate, and greatly reduce the content of valuable elements in the tailings. In other words, it can improve the total recovery rate of green layer cerium titanium ore, reduce resource waste, reduce the amount of subsequent hydrometallurgical ore to be processed, and reduce production costs.

[0102] As shown in Table 1, the difference between sample A and sample B is that no activator was added (i.e., lead nitrate 0 g / t and manganese dioxide 0 g / t), while the amount of other reagents added was the same as that of sample B.

[0103] The flotation results for sample A are shown in Table 2. The U grade of the flotation rough concentrate is 0.11%, the U grade of the scavenging concentrate is 0.09%, the U recovery rate of the flotation rough concentrate is 55.51%, and the U recovery rate of the scavenging concentrate is 20.47%. The REO grade of the flotation rough concentrate is 2.95%, and the REO grade of the scavenging concentrate is 2.47%. The REO recovery rate of the flotation rough concentrate is 55.54%, and the REO recovery rate of the scavenging concentrate is 20.96%. The U grade of the raw ore is 0.05%, and the REO grade of the raw ore is 1.34%. The U grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.0189%, and the REO grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.50%.

[0104] It is evident that sample A, lacking an activator, did not adequately expose the target mineral surface, resulting in limited collector activity. The recovery rate was low, and a significant amount of valuable elements remained unrecovered in the tailings, increasing the volume of subsequent hydrometallurgical ore processing required.

[0105] As shown in Table 1, the difference between sample C and sample B is that the first collector only includes 900 g / t of methyltrioctylammonium chloride (i.e., the amount of sodium diethyl dithiophosphate added is 0 g / t), and the amount of other reagents added is the same as that of sample B.

[0106] The flotation results for sample C are shown in Table 2. The U grade of the flotation rough concentrate is 0.12%, the U grade of the scavenging concentrate is 0.08%, the U recovery rate of the flotation rough concentrate is 63.22%, and the U recovery rate of the scavenging concentrate is 18.53%. The REO grade of the flotation rough concentrate is 2.93%, and the REO grade of the scavenging concentrate is 2.71%. The REO recovery rate of the flotation rough concentrate is 57.59%, and the REO recovery rate of the scavenging concentrate is 23.42%. The U grade of the raw ore is 0.05%, and the REO grade of the raw ore is 1.34%. The U grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.0147%, and the REO grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.41%.

[0107] It is evident that sample C did not use sodium diethyldithiophosphate from the first collector combination, resulting in a lower recovery rate.

[0108] Example 2

[0109] A flotation method for green-layered cerium-titanium silicate includes the following steps:

[0110] Take two samples of ore, designated as sample D and sample E respectively.

[0111] Each sample was treated as follows: the ore was crushed to a particle size <6mm. The coarsely crushed slurry was then ground until 85% of the particles were -0.074mm, yielding a crushed slurry. The concentration of the crushed slurry was adjusted to 35%. 98% concentrated sulfuric acid was added to the slurry at a rate of 1500g / t. The mixture was stirred for 10 minutes at a flotation speed of 2000 rpm.

[0112] Referring to Table 1, activators were added to the slurry containing 98% concentrated sulfuric acid. For samples D and E, the amount of lead nitrate added was 1000 g / t, and the amount of manganese dioxide added was 600 g / t. The slurry was stirred for 10 minutes at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min to obtain the activated slurry.

[0113] Referring to Table 1, the first inhibitor was added to the activated slurry. Specifically, for samples D and E, the amount of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate added was 600 g / t, and the amount of carboxymethyl cellulose added was 400 g / t. The mixture was stirred for 10 min at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0114] Referring to Table 1, the first collector was added to the slurry containing the first inhibitor. Specifically, the amount of methyltrioctylammonium chloride added to samples D and E was 800 g / t, and the amount of sodium diethyldithiophosphate added was 700 g / t. The flotation was carried out at a speed of 2000 r / min, and stirred for 10 min.

[0115] After the first collector fully reacts with the target mineral, aeration flotation is performed to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings.

[0116] Referring to Table 1, a second inhibitor was added to the flotation rough tailings. Specifically, the amounts of L-cysteine ​​added to samples D and E were 300 g / t and 0 g / t, respectively, and the amounts of water glass added were 400 g / t and 700 g / t, respectively. The mixture was stirred for 10 min at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0117] Referring to Table 1, a second collector was added to the slurry containing the second inhibitor. Specifically, the amount of sodium alkyl hydroxamic acid added to samples D and E was 500 g / t, and the amount of sodium petroleum sulfonate added was 300 g / t. The mixture was stirred for 10 min at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0118] After the second collector fully reacts with the target mineral, aeration flotation is performed to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings.

[0119] As shown in Table 1, for sample D, the following were used respectively: activator (lead nitrate 1000 g / t and manganese dioxide 600 g / t), first inhibitor (ammonia dihydrogen phosphate 600 g / t and carboxymethyl cellulose 400 g / t), first collector (methyltrioctylammonium chloride 800 g / t and sodium diethyldithiophosphate 700 g / t), second inhibitor (L-cysteine ​​300 g / t and water glass 400 g / t), and second collector (alkyl hydroxamic acid sodium 500 g / t and petroleum sulfonate sodium 300 g / t).

[0120] The flotation results for sample D are shown in Table 2. The U grade of the flotation rough concentrate is 0.14%, the U grade of the scavenging concentrate is 0.11%, the U recovery rate of the flotation rough concentrate is 67.14%, and the U recovery rate of the scavenging concentrate is 21.96%. The REO grade of the flotation rough concentrate is 3.71%, and the REO grade of the scavenging concentrate is 3.12%. The REO recovery rate of the flotation rough concentrate is 66.39%, and the REO recovery rate of the scavenging concentrate is 23.24%. The U grade of the raw ore is 0.05%, and the REO grade of the raw ore is 1.34%. The U grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.00825%, and the REO grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.21%.

[0121] As can be seen, the flotation method for sample D achieved a high recovery rate and an extremely low tailings grade. This indicates that the flotation method (activator + combined depressant + combined collector) can improve the overall recovery rate of the target mineral (green layer cerium titanate), reduce resource waste, reduce the amount of subsequent hydrometallurgical ore to be processed, and lower production costs.

[0122] As shown in Table 1, the difference between sample E and sample D is that the second inhibitor only includes 700 g / t of water glass (i.e., the amount of L-cysteine ​​added is 0 g / t), while the amount of other reagents added is the same as that of sample D.

[0123] The flotation results for sample E are shown in Table 2. The U grade of the flotation rough concentrate is 0.14%, the U grade of the scavenging concentrate is 0.09%, the U recovery rate of the flotation rough concentrate is 67.23%, and the U recovery rate of the scavenging concentrate is 16.42%. The REO grade of the flotation rough concentrate is 3.69%, and the REO grade of the scavenging concentrate is 2.62%. The REO recovery rate of the flotation rough concentrate is 66.12%, and the REO recovery rate of the scavenging concentrate is 17.83%. The U grade of the raw ore is 0.05%, and the REO grade of the raw ore is 1.34%. The U grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.0122%, and the REO grade of the scavenging tailings is 0.32%.

[0124] It is evident that sample E did not use L-cysteine ​​from the second inhibitor during the scavenging stage, resulting in low U grade and recovery rate, as well as low REO grade and recovery rate in the flotation results.

[0125] Example 3

[0126] A flotation method for green-layered cerium-titanium silicate includes the following steps:

[0127] Take a sample of ore as sample F.

[0128] Sample F was treated as follows: The ore was crushed to a particle size <5mm. The coarsely crushed slurry was then ground until 80% of the particles were -0.074mm, yielding a crushed slurry. The concentration of the crushed slurry was adjusted to 30%. 98% concentrated sulfuric acid was added to the slurry at a rate of 2000 g / t. The mixture was stirred for 5 minutes at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0129] Referring to Table 1, activators were added to the slurry containing 98% concentrated sulfuric acid. The addition amounts were 1200 g / t of lead nitrate and 800 g / t of manganese dioxide. The slurry was stirred for 5 minutes at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min to obtain the activated slurry.

[0130] Referring to Table 1, the first inhibitor was added to the activated slurry. Specifically, 500 g / t of ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 500 g / t of carboxymethyl cellulose were added, and the mixture was stirred for 5 minutes at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0131] Referring to Table 1, the first collector was added to the slurry containing the first inhibitor. Specifically, methyltrioctylammonium chloride was added at a rate of 800 g / t, and sodium diethyldithiophosphate at a rate of 500 g / t. The flotation was carried out at a speed of 2000 r / min, with stirring for 5 min.

[0132] After the first collector fully reacts with the target mineral, aeration flotation is performed to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings.

[0133] Referring to Table 1, a second inhibitor was added to the flotation rough tailings. The amount of L-cysteine ​​added was 400 g / t, and the amount of water glass added was 600 g / t. The mixture was stirred for 5 minutes at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0134] Referring to Table 1, a second collector was added to the slurry containing the second inhibitor. Specifically, sodium alkyl hydroxamic acid was added at a rate of 600 g / t, and sodium petroleum sulfonate at a rate of 400 g / t. The mixture was stirred for 10 min at a flotation speed of 2000 r / min.

[0135] After the second collector fully reacts with the target mineral, aeration flotation is performed to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings.

[0136] The flotation rough concentrate and scavenging concentrate are combined and refined three times. The middlings are returned to the next flotation stage in sequence to obtain the flotation concentrate.

[0137] As shown in Table 1, for sample F, in addition to using activator (lead nitrate 1200 g / t and manganese dioxide 800 g / t), first inhibitor (ammonia dihydrogen phosphate 500 g / t and carboxymethyl cellulose 500 g / t), first collector (methyltrioctyl ammonium chloride 800 g / t and sodium diethyl dithiophosphate 500 g / t), second inhibitor (L-cysteine ​​400 g / t and water glass 600 g / t), and second collector (alkyl hydroxamic acid sodium 600 g / t and petroleum sulfonate sodium 400 g / t), three cleaning processes were also carried out to finally obtain flotation concentrate and flotation tailings.

[0138] The flotation results for sample F are shown in Table 2. The U grade of the flotation concentrate is 0.31%, the U recovery rate is 80.48%, the REO grade is 8.27%, the REO recovery rate of the rough concentrate is 80.11%, the U grade of the raw ore is 0.05%, and the REO grade is 1.34%. The U grade of the flotation tailings is 0.0112%, and the REO grade is 0.31%.

[0139] In this embodiment, the enrichment ratio of U relative to the raw ore is 6.2, and the enrichment ratio of REO relative to the raw ore is 6.17.

[0140] It is evident that during the flotation of sample F, the optimal physicochemical environment for efficient reagent action was provided by adjusting the grinding particle size (80% -0.074 mm), pulp concentration (30%), pH adjustment (2000 g / t of 98% concentrated sulfuric acid), and flotation stirring time at each stage (5 min). The use of an activator combination (1200 g / t lead nitrate and 800 g / t manganese dioxide) fully exposed the active sites of Ti, U, and Ce on the surface of the green-layered cerium-titanium ore. The first inhibitor combination (500 g / t ammonium dihydrogen phosphate and 500 g / t carboxymethyl cellulose) effectively suppressed iron-bearing gangue and silicate minerals during the roughing stage. The first collector combination (800 g / t methyltrioctylammonium chloride and 500 g / t sodium diethyldithiophosphate) covered multiple sites on the mineral surface during the roughing stage. The second inhibitor combination (400 g / t L-cysteine ​​and 600 g / t water glass) further removes residual interfering gangue, creating a highly selective environment for scavenging and collecting. The second collector combination (600 g / t sodium alkyl hydroxamate and 400 g / t sodium petroleum sulfonate) collects the remaining target minerals, ensuring improved recovery. Further multiple cleaning processes further increase the enrichment ratio of the green-layer cerium-titanium silicate, improve uranium grade, and enhance the grade and recovery of U and REO in the flotation concentrate, maximizing the overall recovery of the target mineral (green-layer cerium-titanium silicate), reducing resource waste, decreasing the amount of subsequent hydrometallurgical ore processed, and lowering production costs.

[0141] The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application. The above are merely preferred embodiments of this application. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the technical principles of this application, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A flotation method for green-layered cerium-titanium silicate, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: The ore is pretreated to obtain a slurry; An activator, a first inhibitor, and a first collector are added sequentially to the slurry for roughing to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings. A second inhibitor and a second collector are added sequentially to the flotation rough tailings for scavenging to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings.

2. The flotation method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: The flotation rough concentrate and the scavenging concentrate are mixed and subjected to multiple fine-tuning processes to obtain the flotation concentrate.

3. The flotation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The steps of sequentially adding an activator, a first inhibitor, and a first collector to the slurry for roughing to obtain flotation rough concentrate and flotation rough tailings include: An activator is added to the slurry, and the mixture is stirred for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min. Add the first inhibitor to the slurry and stir for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min. A first collector is added to the slurry, and after stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min, aerated flotation is carried out to obtain the flotation rough concentrate and the flotation rough tailings.

4. The flotation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The activator includes 200 g / t to 3000 g / t of lead nitrate and 200 g / t to 2000 g / t of manganese dioxide.

5. The flotation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first inhibitor comprises 0 to 1500 g / t of dihydrogen phosphate and 0 to 1000 g / t of carboxymethyl cellulose.

6. The flotation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The first collector comprises 50 g / t to 1000 g / t of methyltrioctylammonium chloride and 100 g / t to 1500 g / t of sodium diethyldithiophosphate.

7. The flotation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The steps of sequentially adding a second depressant and a second collector to the flotation rough tailings to obtain scavenged concentrate and scavenged tailings include: A second inhibitor is added to the flotation rough tailings, and the mixture is stirred for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min. A second collector is added to the flotation rough tailings, and after stirring for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min, aerated flotation is carried out to obtain the scavenging concentrate and the scavenging tailings.

8. The flotation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The second inhibitor comprises 50 g / t to 500 g / t of L-cysteine ​​and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of water glass; The second collector comprises 200 g / t to 1500 g / t of sodium alkyl hydroxamic acid and 100 g / t to 1000 g / t of sodium petroleum sulfonate.

9. The flotation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The steps for pre-treating ore to obtain slurry include: The ore is coarsely crushed to a particle size of less than 8 mm. The coarsely crushed ore is ground to a particle size of -0.074 mm, which accounts for 50% to 90%, to obtain a crushed slurry; The concentration of the crushed slurry is adjusted to 10% to 45% to obtain the slurry.

10. The flotation method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, After the step of pre-treating the ore to obtain a slurry, the flotation method further includes: A pH adjuster comprising 500 g / t to 5000 g / t of sulfuric acid is added to the slurry, and the mixture is stirred for 3 to 15 minutes at a flotation speed of 1200 r / min to 2400 r / min.

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