Punching equipment for aluminum alloy precision hardware machining and punching method of punching equipment

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of metal machining equipment, in particular to stamping equipment for aluminum alloy precision hardware machining, which comprises a base, a hydraulic cylinder is mounted on the base, a stamping head is fixedly mounted at the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, and a mounting plate fixedly sleeves the output end of the hydraulic cylinder. An upper die is mounted on the mounting plate through a buffer assembly, a through hole is formed in the middle of the upper die, a first cavity is formed in the upper die, a plurality of air outlet holes are formed in the inner wall of the through hole, air collecting boxes are symmetrically and fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the upper die, and air collecting assemblies are arranged in the air collecting boxes. Gas is injected into the gap between the punching head and the through hole of the upper die, heat generated by friction between the punching head and the workpiece is rapidly taken away, mechanical performance reduction of the punching head due to high temperature is avoided, the service life of the punching head is prolonged, and meanwhile dimensional deviation, surface oxidation or deformation of the aluminum alloy workpiece due to uneven heating can be prevented; and the machining precision and the surface quality of the hardware are ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of metal processing equipment technology, and in particular to a stamping equipment and stamping method for processing precision aluminum alloy hardware parts. Background Technology

[0002] Stamping dies, also known as cold stamping dies, are indispensable special process equipment in cold stamping. At room temperature, they are mounted on a press and apply specific pressure to metal or non-metal materials, causing the materials to separate or plastically deform, ultimately processing them into the required parts. These dies can precisely control the material deformation path and can complete various processes such as punching, bending, and deep drawing. They are widely used in the automotive, electronics, and home appliance industries, providing efficient solutions for mass production of parts with complex shapes and high precision requirements. They are a key tool for achieving automated and large-scale production in modern manufacturing.

[0003] Chinese patent CN216937909U discloses a high-precision stamping die for processing hardware parts. Before the stamping head stamps the workpiece, a first spring presses the workpiece tightly onto the base to prevent the workpiece from shaking during stamping. At the same time, when the stamping head is reset, the first spring and the pressing block squeeze out the workpiece stuck on the stamping head, realizing the automatic demolding function of the equipment.

[0004] In the aforementioned patent literature, during the stamping process of precision aluminum alloy hardware parts, the continuous friction and extrusion between the stamping head and the hardware parts will generate a large amount of heat, causing the surface temperature of the stamping head to rise rapidly. High temperature will not only reduce the mechanical properties of the stamping head and shorten its service life, but may also cause quality problems such as dimensional deviation and surface damage in aluminum alloy hardware parts due to uneven heating during the stamping process, thus affecting the processing quality of the hardware parts. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to address the following shortcomings in the prior art: the continuous friction and extrusion between the stamping head and the hardware parts generates a large amount of heat, causing the surface temperature of the stamping head to rise rapidly. High temperature not only reduces the mechanical properties of the stamping head and shortens its service life, but may also cause quality problems such as dimensional deviations and surface damage in aluminum alloy hardware parts during the stamping process due to uneven heating, thus affecting the processing quality of the hardware parts. Therefore, this invention proposes a stamping equipment and stamping method for processing precision aluminum alloy hardware parts.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A stamping device for processing precision aluminum alloy hardware parts includes a base, a lower die fixedly mounted on the base, a hydraulic cylinder fixedly mounted on the base via a support arm, a stamping head fixedly mounted on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, a mounting plate fixedly sleeved on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder, an upper die mounted on the mounting plate via a buffer assembly, a through hole opened in the middle of the upper die, one end of the stamping head inserted into the through hole, and a gap existing between the stamping head and the through hole; The upper mold has an annular first cavity, the central axis of the first cavity coincides with the central axis of the through hole, and the inner wall of the through hole has a plurality of air outlet holes that are all connected to the first cavity at equal intervals. A gas collection box is symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper surface of the upper mold. The gas collection box is connected to the first cavity through a connecting hole. An air inlet pipe is installed on the side of the gas collection box, and a first one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the gas collection box from the outside is installed in the air inlet pipe. The gas collection box is located between the mounting plate and the upper mold, and the gas collection box is equipped with a gas collection component for filling the connection hole with gas.

[0007] As a preferred embodiment, the gas collection assembly includes a sealing push plate that is slidably installed inside the gas collection box, a return spring that is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the sealing push plate, and a top column that is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the sealing push plate. One end of the return spring is fixedly connected to the bottom of the gas collection box. The connection between the air inlet pipe and the gas collection box is located below the sealing push plate. The side of the sealing push plate is in sealing sliding contact with the inner wall of the gas collection box.

[0008] As a preferred embodiment, the mounting plate has multiple movable holes, and the buffer assembly includes multiple movable rods, multiple buffer springs, and multiple stops. The multiple movable rods are vertically slidably inserted into the multiple movable holes, and one end is fixedly connected to the upper mold. The stops are fixedly installed on the upper end of the movable rods, and the two ends of the buffer springs are fixedly connected to the mounting plate and the upper mold, respectively.

[0009] As a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the upper mold is symmetrically provided with a second cavity. An air inlet is provided between the second cavity and the gas collection box. A three-way channel is provided between the second cavity and the through hole. Both ends of the three-way channel are connected to the second cavity, and the middle end of the three-way channel is connected to the through hole and is opposite to the side of the stamping head. An energy storage component for storing gas is provided in the second cavity. A pressure sensor is fixedly installed in the second cavity. A second one-way valve that only allows gas to flow out from the gas collection box is installed in both the air inlet and the connecting hole.

[0010] As a preferred embodiment, the energy storage assembly includes a piston plate that is horizontally and slidably installed in the second cavity, two first spring rods that are symmetrically fixed on the side of the piston plate, and a sealing component for blocking both ends of the three-way channel. One end of each of the two first spring rods is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second cavity, and one end of the air inlet is located between the piston plate and the air pressure sensor.

[0011] As a preferred embodiment, L-shaped holes are provided on both sides of the upper mold. One end of each L-shaped hole is connected to the second cavity. The sealing component includes an L-shaped push rod that is horizontally slidably inserted into the L-shaped hole, two mounting rods that are horizontally fixed on the L-shaped push rod, two blocking blocks that are respectively fixed on the two mounting rods, and a second spring rod that is fixedly installed on the outer end of the L-shaped push rod outside the upper mold. One end of each of the two second spring rods is fixedly connected to the side of the upper mold. The end of the L-shaped push rod with the mounting rod is located in the second cavity. The two blocking blocks are respectively opposite to the two ends of the three-way channel.

[0012] As a preferred embodiment, brackets are symmetrically fixedly installed on the base, and L-shaped top rods are fixedly installed on the upper ends of the two brackets. One end of each of the two top rods is located above the two L-shaped push rods. Guide rods are fixedly installed at an angle on the upper surface of the L-shaped push rods, and one end of the top rod abuts against the upper surface of the guide rod.

[0013] As a preferred embodiment, the inner wall of the through hole is provided with an upward spiral groove, and a collection component for collecting waste is provided above the upper mold.

[0014] As a preferred embodiment, the collection assembly includes an L-shaped mounting ring and an annular filter screen with a U-shaped longitudinal section. The mounting ring is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the upper mold, the stamping head passes through the mounting ring, and an annular mounting groove is formed between the mounting ring and the stamping head. The annular filter screen is inserted into the mounting groove, and one end of each of the two air inlet pipes is fixedly connected to the mounting ring and communicates with the mounting groove.

[0015] A stamping method for stamping equipment used in the machining of precision aluminum alloy hardware parts, the stamping method comprising the following steps: S1: Place the precision aluminum alloy hardware to be processed on the lower die, ensuring accurate workpiece positioning. Start the hydraulic cylinder, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder extends downward, driving the stamping head and mounting plate to move down synchronously. Under the action of the buffer component, the upper die first contacts the workpiece, and the buffer spring is compressed to stably press the workpiece onto the lower die.

[0016] S2: The hydraulic cylinder continues to move downward, the mounting plate squeezes the top column, pushes the sealing push plate to compress the reset spring, and the gas in the gas collection box enters the first cavity through the connecting hole, and then flows into the gap between the punch head and the through hole through the air outlet to cool the punch head and the workpiece. At the same time, some gas enters the second cavity through the air inlet, pushes the piston plate to compress the first spring rod to store gas, and at this time the block blocks the three-way channel.

[0017] S3: After stamping is completed, the hydraulic cylinder drives the mounting plate and the stamping head to move up, the return spring drives the sealing push plate to return to its original position, the air collection box draws in external gas through the air inlet pipe, during the upward movement of the upper die, the push rod squeezes the guide rod, causing the L-shaped push rod to drive the block to disengage from the three-way channel, the gas in the second cavity enters the gap through the three-way channel, and forms a spiral airflow under the guidance of the spiral groove, cleaning the waste on the side of the stamping head.

[0018] S4: Waste debris moves upward with the airflow to the mounting ring, is sucked into the mounting groove by the suction generated by the air intake pipe, and is collected by the annular filter screen. The air pressure sensor determines the wear condition of the stamping head by detecting the air pressure change in the second cavity, and completes one stamping process.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. During the stamping process, the gap between the mounting plate and the upper die becomes smaller. At this time, through the cooperation of the gas collection component, the first cavity and the air outlet, gas can be injected into the gap between the stamping head and the through hole of the upper die. When the gas flows in the gap, it can quickly carry away the heat generated by the friction between the stamping head and the workpiece, avoid the stamping head from degrading its mechanical properties due to high temperature, extend its service life, and at the same time prevent aluminum alloy workpieces from having dimensional deviations, surface oxidation or deformation due to uneven heating, and ensure the processing accuracy and surface quality of hardware parts.

[0020] 2. During the stamping process, when the mounting plate approaches the upper die, the gas can be forced into the first cavity through the cooperation of the sealing push plate, the ejector rod, the return spring and the air collection box. When the mounting plate moves away from the upper die, the return spring drives the sealing push plate to return to its original position, and external gas is drawn in through the air inlet pipe. No additional motor or air pump is required. The gas collection and inflation are completed solely by the movement of the equipment itself, which simplifies the structure and reduces energy consumption and maintenance costs.

[0021] 3. When the gas collection box collects gas into the first cavity, it will store some gas in the second cavity. After the stamping is completed, when the mounting plate and the upper die move to the initial position, the block will be separated from one end of the three-way channel by the cooperation of the mounting bracket, the ejector rod, the L-shaped push rod and the mounting rod. At this time, the air in the second cavity will enter the three-way channel and flow into the gap between the through hole and the stamping head. The air pressure sensor detects the air pressure change in the second cavity in real time. When the side of the stamping head is worn, the gap increases and the gas flow rate increases. This allows the wear condition of the side of the stamping head to be detected after the stamping is completed, reducing the production of defective products.

[0022] 4. When the gas in the second cavity enters the gap between the stamping head and the through hole, it will spiral upward along the spiral groove opened on the inner wall of the through hole. During the flow, this spiral airflow can effectively drive the waste chips attached to the side of the stamping head to move upward and detach, realizing the automatic cleaning of waste chips on the surface of the stamping head, avoiding the accumulation of waste chips from affecting the subsequent stamping accuracy or scratching the surface of the workpiece, and further ensuring the processing quality of aluminum alloy precision hardware parts and the stable operation of the equipment.

[0023] 5. When the waste chips move to the upper end of the lower mold with the airflow, the return spring drives the sealing push plate to move upward. At the same time, the suction generated by the connection between the air inlet pipe and the mounting ring can simultaneously suck in the waste chips and collect them into the annular filter screen. This achieves the directional collection and interception of waste chips, preventing them from randomly scattering and polluting the processing environment or falling back onto the workpiece surface and causing secondary impact. This not only ensures the cleanliness of the processing environment but also further improves the processing stability and finished product quality of aluminum alloy precision hardware parts. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a right-side perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of a stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts according to the present invention. Figure 2 This is a left-side perspective three-dimensional structural diagram of a stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts according to the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 Enlarged structural diagram at point A in the middle; Figure 4 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the stamping head, mounting plate, buffer assembly, upper die, and air collection box; Figure 5 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cross-section of the connection hole of the stamping head, mounting plate, buffer assembly, upper die and air collection box; Figure 6 for Figure 5 Enlarged structural diagram at point B; Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional schematic diagram of the upper die, stamping head, gas collection box, and gas collection assembly; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Enlarged structural diagram at point C; Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the cross-section of the second cavity of the stamping head, mounting plate, buffer assembly, upper die, and air collection box; Figure 10 for Figure 9 Enlarged structural diagram at point D; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a partial three-dimensional cross-sectional structure of the upper mold; Figure 12 for Figure 11 Enlarged structural diagram at point E in the middle.

[0025] In the diagram: 1. Base, 2. Lower mold, 3. Support arm, 4. Hydraulic cylinder, 5. Stamping head, 6. Mounting plate, 7. Upper mold, 8. First cavity, 9. Air outlet, 10. Air collection box, 11. Connecting hole, 12. Air inlet pipe, 13. Sealing push plate, 14. Return spring, 15. Top column, 16. Moving rod, 17. Buffer spring, 18. Stop block, 19. Second cavity, 20. Three-way channel, 21. Air pressure sensor, 22. Piston plate, 23. First spring rod, 24. L-shaped push rod, 25. Mounting rod, 26. Block, 27. Second spring rod, 28. Bracket, 29. Air inlet, 30. Top rod, 31. Guide rod, 32. Spiral groove, 33. Mounting ring, 34. Annular filter screen. Detailed Implementation

[0026] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0027] Reference Figure 1 , Figure 2 and Figure 4 A stamping machine for processing precision aluminum alloy hardware parts includes a base 1, which serves as the basic support component of the machine, providing a stable mounting platform for the entire stamping machine. A lower die 2 is fixedly mounted on the base 1, used to place the precision aluminum alloy hardware parts to be stamped. The shape of the lower die 2 matches the bottom shape of the parts to be processed, providing a reference for the stamping process. A hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixedly mounted on the base 1 via a support arm 3, which connects to and supports the hydraulic cylinder 4, ensuring that the hydraulic cylinder 4 is stably positioned directly above the lower die 2. A stamping head 5 is fixedly mounted on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4, serving as a power source to drive the stamping head 5 to move up and down. The shape of the stamping head 5 matches the stamping part of the parts to be processed, and under the drive of the hydraulic cylinder 4, it... The hardware on the lower die 2 is stamped. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 is fixedly fitted with a mounting plate 6. The mounting plate 6 moves up and down with the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 to provide an installation position for components such as the upper die 7. The upper die 7 is mounted on the mounting plate 6 through a buffer assembly. A through hole is opened in the middle of the upper die 7. One end of the punch head 5 is inserted into the through hole. There is a gap between the punch head 5 and the through hole. When the hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the punch head 5 to move downward, the mounting plate 6 also moves downward, thereby driving the upper die 7 to move downward. The upper die 7 first contacts the hardware on the lower die 2 and pre-presses and fixes the hardware. Then the punch head 5 passes through the through hole to punch the hardware. The buffer assembly can play a buffering role during the stamping process to avoid rigid collision between the upper die 7 and the hardware.

[0028] Reference Figures 5-6The upper mold 7 has an annular first cavity 8. The central axis of the first cavity 8 coincides with the central axis of the through hole. Multiple air outlets 9 are equidistantly arranged on the inner wall of the through hole and are connected to the first cavity 8. The first cavity 8 is used to transport gas. When gas enters the gap between the stamping head 5 and the through hole from the first cavity 8 through the air outlets 9, it can cool down the stamping part of the stamping head 5 and the hardware. A gas collection box 10 is symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper surface of the upper mold 7. The gas collection box 10 is connected to the first cavity 8 through the connecting hole 11. An air inlet pipe 12 is installed on the side of the gas collection box 10. A first one-way valve is installed in the air inlet pipe 12, which only allows gas to enter the gas collection box 10 from the outside. The gas collection box 10 is used to collect and store external gas. The first one-way valve ensures that gas can only enter the gas collection box 10 from the outside through the air inlet pipe 12, preventing the gas in the gas collection box 10 from flowing back.

[0029] Reference Figure 7 The gas collection box 10 is located between the mounting plate 6 and the upper mold 7. The gas collection box 10 is equipped with a gas collection component for filling the connection hole 11. When the mounting plate 6 moves downward, it will squeeze the gas collection component, so that the gas in the gas collection box 10 enters the first cavity 8 through the connection hole 11, providing a gas source for the first cavity 8.

[0030] The gas collection assembly includes a sealing push plate 13 that is slidably installed in the gas collection box 10, a return spring 14 that is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the sealing push plate 13, and a top column 15 that is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the sealing push plate 13. One end of the return spring 14 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the gas collection box 10. The connection between the air inlet pipe 12 and the gas collection box 10 is located below the sealing push plate 13. The side of the sealing push plate 13 is in sealing sliding contact with the inner wall of the gas collection box 10. When the mounting plate 6 moves downward, the mounting plate 6 will squeeze the top column 15, causing the top column 15 to push the sealing push plate 13 to slide downward in the gas collection box 10. The return spring 14 is compressed. At this time, the gas below the sealing push plate 13 in the gas collection box 10 is compressed and enters the first cavity 8 through the connecting hole 11.

[0031] After the stamping is completed, the mounting plate 6 moves upward under the action of the buffer assembly, the pressure on the top column 15 disappears, the return spring 14 returns to its original state, and pushes the sealing push plate 13 to slide upward. The air pressure below the sealing push plate 13 in the air collection box 10 decreases, and the outside gas enters the air collection box 10 through the air inlet pipe 12 to complete the air collection process. No additional motor or air pump is required. The air collection and inflation are completed by relying solely on the movement of the equipment itself, which simplifies the structure and reduces energy consumption and maintenance costs.

[0032] Reference Figure 4The mounting plate 6 has multiple moving holes. The buffer assembly includes multiple moving rods 16, multiple buffer springs 17, and multiple stops 18. The multiple moving rods 16 are vertically slidably inserted into the multiple moving holes, and one end is fixedly connected to the upper die 7. The stops 18 are fixedly installed on the upper end of the moving rods 16. The two ends of the buffer springs 17 are fixedly connected to the mounting plate 6 and the upper die 7, respectively. During stamping, the upper die 7 first contacts the workpiece and is pre-tightened by the buffer springs 17 to stably press the workpiece onto the lower die 2, preventing the workpiece from shaking during the stamping process. At this time, the mounting plate 6 continues to drive the stamping head 5 to move downward, and the buffer springs 17 are compressed, which can reduce the impact force at the moment of stamping, reduce equipment vibration and noise, and extend the service life of the overall equipment.

[0033] Reference Figures 9-12 The upper mold 7 has symmetrically arranged second cavities 19 on its inner wall. An air inlet 29 connects the second cavity 19 to the air collection box 10. A three-way channel 20 connects the second cavity 19 to the through hole. Both ends of the three-way channel 20 are connected to the second cavity 19, and the middle end of the three-way channel 20 is connected to the through hole and faces the side of the punch head 5. Air from the second cavity 19 can enter the three-way channel 20 and then enter the through hole from the middle end of the three-way channel 20. When the gas enters the through hole, it can be blown towards the side of the punch head 5 and flow in the gap between the punch head 5 and the through hole. The second cavity 19 is equipped with a gas storage device. The energy storage component has a pressure sensor 21 fixedly installed in the second cavity 19. Both the air inlet 29 and the connection hole 11 are equipped with second one-way valves that only allow gas to flow out of the gas collection box 10. The energy storage component can store gas in the second cavity 19 during the stamping process. When gas enters the through hole through the three-way channel 20, the air in the second cavity 19 will gradually decrease. The pressure sensor 21 is used to detect the pressure change in the second cavity 19 in real time. When wear occurs on the side of the stamping head 5, the gap increases and the gas flow rate increases. The wear condition of the side of the stamping head 5 can be detected after the stamping is completed, reducing the production of defective products.

[0034] The energy storage assembly includes a piston plate 22 horizontally and slidably mounted in the second cavity 19, two first spring rods 23 symmetrically fixedly mounted on the sides of the piston plate 22, and a sealing component for blocking both ends of the three-way channel 20. One end of each of the two first spring rods 23 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second cavity 19. One end of the air inlet 29 is located between the piston plate 22 and the pressure sensor 21. L-shaped holes are provided on both sides of the upper mold 7, one end of which is connected to the second cavity 19. The sealing component includes an L-shaped push rod 24 horizontally slidably inserted into the L-shaped hole. Two horizontally fixed mounting rods 25 are mounted on the L-shaped push rod 24, two plugs 26 are fixedly mounted on the two mounting rods 25 respectively, and a second spring rod 27 is fixedly mounted on the outer end of the L-shaped push rod 24 at the upper mold 7. One end of each of the two second spring rods 27 is fixedly connected to the side of the upper mold 7. The end of the L-shaped push rod 24 with the mounting rods 25 is located in the second cavity 19. The two plugs 26 are respectively opposite to the two ends of the three-way channel 20. The L-shaped push rod 24 slides horizontally and sealably in the L-shaped hole to prevent gas in the second cavity 19 from flowing out of the L-shaped hole.

[0035] During the stamping process, the second spring rod 27 in the sealing component will drive the L-shaped push rod 24 to move into the upper die 7. The L-shaped push rod 24 will drive the block 26 on the mounting rod 25 to block one end of the three-way channel 20. When the sealing push plate 13 moves down, it will squeeze the gas into the first cavity 8. At the same time, some gas will enter the second cavity 19 through the air inlet 29. At this time, the gas pressure in the second cavity 19 will increase. Under the pressure, the piston plate 22 will be pushed to move towards the first spring rod 23, and the air in the second cavity 19 will gradually increase.

[0036] Reference Figure 3 A bracket 28 is symmetrically fixedly installed on the base 1. An L-shaped push rod 30 is fixedly installed on the upper end of each bracket 28. One end of the two push rods 30 is located above the two L-shaped push rods 24. A guide rod 31 is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the L-shaped push rod 24 at an angle. One end of the push rod 30 abuts against the upper surface of the guide rod 31. One end of the push rod 30 on the bracket 28 is located directly above the guide rod 31. When the mounting plate 6 and the upper mold 7 move upward to the initial position, one end of the push rod 30 will contact the upper surface of the guide rod 31 and slide on the upper surface of the guide rod 31. Under the guidance of the inclined upper surface of the guide rod 31, the L-shaped push rod 24 will move away from the upper mold 7. At this time, the block 26 will separate from one end of the three-way channel 20. The air in the second cavity 19 will enter the three-way channel 20 under the push of the piston plate 22.

[0037] Reference Figure 11The inner wall of the through hole is provided with a spiral groove 32 that spirals upward. A collection component for collecting waste is provided above the upper die 7. The spiral groove 32 is set on the inner wall of the through hole. When gas enters the through hole through one end of the three-way channel 20, the spiral groove 32 will guide the gas flowing out of the second cavity 19 to form a spiral flow in the gap. This spiral airflow can effectively drive the waste attached to the side of the stamping head 5 to move upward and detach during the flow, realizing the automatic cleaning of waste on the surface of the stamping head 5.

[0038] Reference Figure 8 The collecting component includes an L-shaped mounting ring 33 and an I-shaped annular filter screen 34. The mounting ring 33 is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the upper mold 7. The stamping head 5 passes through the mounting ring 33, and an annular mounting groove is formed between the mounting ring 33 and the stamping head 5. The annular filter screen 34 is inserted into the mounting groove. One end of each of the two air inlet pipes 12 is fixedly connected to the mounting ring 33 and communicates with the mounting groove. During use, when the return spring 14 drives the sealing push plate 13 to move upward... A negative pressure is formed below the sealing push plate 13 inside the gas collection box 10. External gas flows into the gas collection box 10 through the air inlet pipe 12. At this time, the end of the air inlet pipe 12 connected to the mounting ring 33 generates suction, which will suck the waste debris on the upper end of the upper mold 7 into the mounting groove. The annular filter screen 34 can intercept and filter the waste debris, allowing the gas to smoothly enter the gas collection box 10 through the air inlet pipe 12. This realizes the function of collecting waste debris while collecting gas, avoiding the waste debris from drifting and affecting the processing environment or causing secondary pollution.

[0039] The stamping method of the stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts includes the following steps: S1: Place the precision aluminum alloy hardware to be processed on the lower die 2 to ensure accurate workpiece positioning. Start the hydraulic cylinder 4. The output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 extends downward, driving the stamping head 5 and the mounting plate 6 to move down synchronously. Under the action of the buffer assembly, the upper die 7 first contacts the workpiece. The buffer spring 17 is compressed, and the workpiece is stably pressed on the lower die 2.

[0040] S2: The hydraulic cylinder 4 continues to move downward, the mounting plate 6 squeezes the top column 15, pushes the sealing push plate 13 to compress the return spring 14, and the gas in the gas collection box 10 enters the first cavity 8 through the connecting hole 11, and then flows into the gap between the punch head 5 and the through hole through the air outlet 9 to cool the punch head 5 and the workpiece. At the same time, some gas enters the second cavity 19 through the air inlet 29, pushes the piston plate 22 to compress the first spring rod 23 to store gas, and at this time the block block 26 blocks the three-way channel 20.

[0041] S3: After stamping is completed, the hydraulic cylinder 4 drives the mounting plate 6 and the stamping head 5 to move upward. The return spring 14 drives the sealing push plate 13 to reset. The air collection box 10 draws in external gas through the air inlet pipe 12. During the upward movement of the upper die 7, the push rod 30 squeezes the guide rod 31, causing the L-shaped push rod 24 to drive the block 26 to disengage from the three-way channel 20. The gas in the second cavity 19 enters the gap through the three-way channel 20 and forms a spiral airflow under the guidance of the spiral groove 32, cleaning the waste on the side of the stamping head 5.

[0042] S4: Waste debris moves upward with the airflow to the mounting ring 33, is sucked into the mounting groove by the suction generated by the air inlet pipe 12, and is collected by the annular filter screen 34. The air pressure sensor 21 judges the wear condition of the stamping head 5 by detecting the air pressure change in the second cavity 19, and completes one stamping process.

[0043] In this invention, firstly, the precision aluminum alloy hardware to be processed is placed on the lower die 2 to ensure accurate workpiece positioning. Then, the hydraulic cylinder 4 is activated, and the output end of the hydraulic cylinder 4 extends downward, driving the stamping head 5 and the mounting plate 6 to move down synchronously. At this time, the mounting plate 6 pushes the upper die 7 closer to the workpiece through the buffer assembly. The upper die 7 first contacts the surface of the workpiece, and the buffer spring 17 is compressed. The elastic force is used to press the workpiece tightly on the lower die 2 to avoid workpiece shaking during the stamping process and ensure processing stability.

[0044] As the hydraulic cylinder 4 continues to descend, the mounting plate 6 continues to drop and compress the top column 15 inside the air collection box 10. The top column 15 pushes the sealing push plate 13 to compress the return spring 14. The gas below the sealing push plate 13, under pressure, enters the first cavity 8 through the connecting hole 11, and then flows into the gap between the punch head 5 and the through hole through the air outlet 9. The airflow quickly carries away the heat generated by the friction between the punch head 5 and the workpiece, preventing the punch head 5 from degrading its mechanical properties due to high temperature, while also preventing uneven heating of the workpiece from causing dimensional deviations and improving machining accuracy.

[0045] During this process, some gas enters the second cavity 19 through the air inlet 29, pushing the piston plate 22 to compress the first spring rod 23 to achieve gas storage. At this time, the L-shaped push rod 24, under the action of the second spring rod 27, drives the block block 26 to block the three-way channel 20, ensuring that the air pressure in the second cavity 19 is stable. The air pressure sensor 21 monitors the air pressure in the cavity in real time, providing data support for subsequent detection of wear of the stamping head 5.

[0046] After stamping, the hydraulic cylinder 4 moves the mounting plate 6 and the stamping head 5 upwards, the return spring 14 pushes the sealing push plate 13 to reset, and a negative pressure is formed in the air collection box 10. External gas is drawn in through the air inlet pipe 12. At the same time, the upper mold 7 moves upwards with the mounting plate 6, the push rod 30 on the bracket 28 squeezes the guide rod 31, and the L-shaped push rod 24 drives the block 26 to disengage from the three-way channel 20. The high-pressure gas in the second cavity 19 is injected into the gap through the three-way channel 20. The air pressure sensor 21 detects the rate of air pressure drop in the second cavity 19 to determine the wear condition of the side of the stamping head 5. If the air pressure drops too quickly, it indicates that the gap has increased and the stamping head 5 needs to be replaced in time to reduce the production of defective products.

[0047] Guided by the spiral groove 32, a spiral airflow is formed, which drives the waste on the surface of the stamping head 5 to move upward. When the waste reaches the upper end of the upper die 7 with the airflow, the suction generated by the air inlet pipe 12 sucks the waste into the mounting groove formed by the mounting ring 33 and the stamping head 5. The annular filter screen 34 intercepts and collects the waste to avoid the waste from polluting the environment or affecting subsequent processing.

[0048] The entire process requires no additional power source, relying on the movement of the equipment itself to achieve functions such as cooling, waste cleaning, automatic gas collection, and wear detection. This not only simplifies the structure and reduces energy consumption, but also significantly improves the processing quality of aluminum alloy precision hardware parts and the stability of the equipment.

[0049] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts, comprising a base (1), characterized in that, A lower mold (2) is fixedly installed on the base (1). A hydraulic cylinder (4) is fixedly installed on the base (1) via a support arm (3). A punch head (5) is fixedly installed on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4). An installation plate (6) is fixedly sleeved on the output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4). An upper mold (7) is installed on the installation plate (6) via a buffer assembly. A through hole is opened in the middle part of the upper mold (7). One end of the punch head (5) is inserted into the through hole. There is a gap between the punch head (5) and the through hole. The upper mold (7) has an annular first cavity (8) inside. The central axis of the first cavity (8) coincides with the central axis of the through hole. The inner wall of the through hole has multiple air outlets (9) that are all connected to the first cavity (8) at equal intervals. A gas collection box (10) is symmetrically fixedly installed on the upper surface of the upper mold (7). The gas collection box (10) is connected to the first cavity (8) through a connecting hole (11). An air inlet pipe (12) is installed on the side of the gas collection box (10). A first one-way valve that only allows gas to enter the gas collection box (10) from the outside is installed in the air inlet pipe (12). The gas collection box (10) is located between the mounting plate (6) and the upper mold (7), and the gas collection box (10) is provided with a gas collection component for filling the connection hole (11) with gas.

2. The stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The gas collection assembly includes a sealing push plate (13) that is slidably installed inside the gas collection box (10), a return spring (14) that is fixedly installed on the lower surface of the sealing push plate (13), and a top column (15) that is fixedly installed on the upper surface of the sealing push plate (13). One end of the return spring (14) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the gas collection box (10). The connection between the air inlet pipe (12) and the gas collection box (10) is located below the sealing push plate (13). The side of the sealing push plate (13) is in sealed sliding contact with the inner wall of the gas collection box (10).

3. The stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mounting plate (6) has multiple moving holes. The buffer assembly includes multiple moving rods (16), multiple buffer springs (17), and multiple stops (18). The multiple moving rods (16) are vertically slidably inserted into the multiple moving holes, and one end is fixedly connected to the upper mold (7). The stops (18) are fixedly installed on the upper end of the moving rods (16). The two ends of the buffer springs (17) are fixedly connected to the mounting plate (6) and the upper mold (7), respectively.

4. The stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper mold (7) has a second cavity (19) symmetrically opened on its inner wall. The second cavity (19) and the gas collection box (10) are connected by an air inlet (29). The second cavity (19) and the through hole are connected by a three-way channel (20). Both ends of the three-way channel (20) are connected to the second cavity (19). The middle end of the three-way channel (20) is connected to the through hole and is opposite to the side of the punch head (5). The second cavity (19) is provided with an energy storage component for storing gas. A pressure sensor (21) is fixedly installed in the second cavity (19). The air inlet (29) and the connecting hole (11) are both equipped with a second one-way valve that only allows gas to flow out from the gas collection box (10).

5. The stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts according to claim 4, characterized in that, The energy storage component includes a piston plate (22) that is horizontally sealed and slidably installed in the second cavity (19), two first spring rods (23) that are symmetrically fixed on the side of the piston plate (22), and a sealing component for blocking both ends of the three-way channel (20). One end of each of the two first spring rods (23) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second cavity (19), and one end of the air inlet (29) is located between the piston plate (22) and the air pressure sensor (21).

6. The stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts according to claim 5, characterized in that, The upper mold (7) has L-shaped holes on both sides. One end of the L-shaped hole is connected to the second cavity (19). The sealing component includes an L-shaped push rod (24) that is horizontally slidably inserted into the L-shaped hole, two mounting rods (25) that are horizontally fixed on the L-shaped push rod (24), two blocking blocks (26) that are respectively fixed on the two mounting rods (25), and a second spring rod (27) that is fixedly installed on the L-shaped push rod (24) at one end outside the upper mold (7). One end of the two second spring rods (27) is fixedly connected to the side of the upper mold (7). The end of the L-shaped push rod (24) with the mounting rod (25) is in the second cavity (19). The two blocking blocks (26) are respectively opposite to the two ends of the three-way channel (20).

7. The stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts according to claim 6, characterized in that, The base (1) is symmetrically fixedly mounted with brackets (28). Each of the two brackets (28) has an L-shaped top rod (30) fixedly mounted on its upper end. One end of each of the two top rods (30) is located above two L-shaped push rods (24). A guide rod (31) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the L-shaped push rod (24) at an angle. One end of the top rod (30) abuts against the upper surface of the guide rod (31).

8. The stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts according to claim 2, characterized in that, The inner wall of the through hole is provided with a spiral groove (32) that spirals upward, and a collection component for collecting waste is provided above the upper mold (7).

9. The stamping equipment for machining precision aluminum alloy hardware parts according to claim 8, characterized in that, The collection assembly includes an L-shaped mounting ring (33) and an I-shaped annular filter screen (34). The mounting ring (33) is fixedly mounted on the upper surface of the upper mold (7). The stamping head (5) passes through the mounting ring (33). An annular mounting groove is formed between the mounting ring (33) and the stamping head (5). The annular filter screen (34) is inserted into the mounting groove. One end of each of the two air inlet pipes (12) is fixedly connected to the mounting ring (33) and communicates with the mounting groove.

10. A stamping method for a stamping equipment used in the machining of precision aluminum alloy hardware parts, characterized in that, The stamping method includes the following steps: S1: Place the aluminum alloy precision hardware parts to be processed on the lower mold (2) to ensure accurate positioning of the workpiece. Start the hydraulic cylinder (4). The output end of the hydraulic cylinder (4) extends downward, driving the punch head (5) and the mounting plate (6) to move down synchronously. The upper mold (7) contacts the workpiece first under the action of the buffer assembly. The buffer spring (17) is compressed, and the workpiece is stably pressed on the lower mold (2). S2: The hydraulic cylinder (4) continues to move downward, the mounting plate (6) squeezes the top column (15), pushes the sealing push plate (13) to compress the return spring (14), the gas in the gas collection box (10) enters the first cavity (8) through the connecting hole (11), and then flows into the gap between the punch head (5) and the through hole through the air outlet (9) to cool down the punch head (5) and the workpiece. At the same time, some gas enters the second cavity (19) through the air inlet (29), pushes the piston plate (22) to compress the first spring rod (23) to store gas, and at this time the block (26) blocks the three-way channel (20). S3: After the stamping is completed, the hydraulic cylinder (4) drives the mounting plate (6) and the stamping head (5) to move upward. The reset spring (14) drives the sealing push plate (13) to reset. The air collection box (10) draws in external gas through the air inlet pipe (12). During the upward movement of the upper mold (7), the push rod (30) squeezes the guide rod (31), causing the L-shaped push rod (24) to drive the block (26) to disengage from the three-way channel (20). The gas in the second cavity (19) enters the gap through the three-way channel (20) and forms a spiral airflow under the guidance of the spiral groove (32), cleaning the waste on the side of the stamping head (5). S4: Waste debris moves upward with the airflow to the mounting ring (33), is sucked into the mounting groove by the suction generated by the air inlet pipe (12), and is collected by the annular filter screen (34). The air pressure sensor (21) judges the wear condition of the stamping head (5) by detecting the air pressure change in the second cavity (19) and completes one stamping process.

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