Charging method and device and vehicle

Abstract

The invention relates to a charging method and device and a vehicle and relates to the technical field of vehicle battery charging, and the charging method comprises the steps that the real-time voltage value of a battery in the charging process is monitored; determining a temperature real-time value of the battery in response to the fact that the real-time voltage value is greater than or equal to the dynamic voltage limit value; based on a first preset charging reference relationship, determining a charging request current real-time value corresponding to the temperature real-time value; the first preset charging reference relation represents the corresponding relation between the battery temperature and the allowable charging current. The charging request current is determined in real time by using the battery temperature after the trigger voltage clamping, and the determined charging request current is higher than the allowable charging current which drops suddenly due to dynamic voltage clamping, so that the charging power can be improved, the charging efficiency can be improved, and the charging experience of a user can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This disclosure relates to the field of vehicle battery charging technology, and in particular to a charging method, apparatus and vehicle. Background Technology

[0002] With the development of new energy vehicles, how to improve charging efficiency and shorten vehicle charging time is an urgent problem to be solved in future development.

[0003] In related technologies, as charging progresses, the increase in battery voltage may trigger voltage clamping, causing a rapid drop in the current allowable charging current. This results in a sharp drop in charging current and a decrease in battery voltage, leading to significant fluctuations in charging power. This not only hinders the improvement of charging speed but also provides users with a poor charging experience.

[0004] It should be noted that the information disclosed in the background section above is only used to enhance the understanding of the background of this disclosure, and therefore may include information that does not constitute prior art known to those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To overcome the problems existing in related technologies, this disclosure provides a charging method, apparatus and vehicle.

[0006] According to a first aspect of the present disclosure, a charging method is provided, comprising:

[0007] Monitor the real-time voltage value of the battery during the charging process;

[0008] In response to the real-time voltage value being greater than or equal to the dynamic voltage limit value, the real-time temperature of the battery is determined;

[0009] Based on the first preset charging reference relationship, the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value is determined.

[0010] The first preset charging reference relationship represents the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current.

[0011] In some possible implementations of this disclosure, determining the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value based on a first preset charging reference relationship includes:

[0012] The first upper limit battery temperature and the first lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value are found in the first preset charging reference relationship, as well as the first allowable charging current corresponding to the first upper limit battery temperature and the second allowable charging current corresponding to the first lower limit battery temperature.

[0013] Based on the first upper limit battery temperature, the first lower limit battery temperature, and the real-time temperature value, the first allowable charging current and the second allowable charging current are interpolated to obtain the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value.

[0014] This increases the charging request current, thereby improving charging power and reducing the steep drop in charging current, thus improving the user experience as much as possible.

[0015] Some possible implementations of this disclosure also include:

[0016] In response to the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value being within a preset difference range, the charging request current is reduced so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

[0017] This allows the system to charge the battery with the highest possible current allowed under current conditions before the real-time voltage reaches the red line of the protection voltage, thereby maximizing the charging power.

[0018] In some possible implementations of this disclosure, reducing the charging request current to bring the real-time voltage value below the dynamic voltage limit value includes:

[0019] The charging request current is reduced at a linear rate so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

[0020] It can strictly meet the safety requirements of dynamic voltage limits and achieve a smooth transition during the charging process, making it an effective means to optimize the fast charging experience.

[0021] In some possible embodiments of this disclosure, reducing the charging request current to bring the real-time voltage value below the dynamic voltage limit value further includes:

[0022] Determine the decrease value of the charging request current and the preset decrease duration;

[0023] The linear rate is calculated using the decrease value and the preset descent duration.

[0024] This allows the battery's real-time voltage to increase slowly or remain constant, keeping it as low as possible below the dynamic voltage limit.

[0025] Some possible implementations of this disclosure also include:

[0026] In response to the fact that the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value does not fall within the preset difference range, the real-time temperature value and the real-time state of charge (SOC) value of the battery are determined.

[0027] Based on the second preset charging reference relationship, the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value is determined.

[0028] The second preset charging reference relationship represents the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current, as well as the correspondence between SOC and allowable charging current.

[0029] In some possible implementations of this disclosure, determining the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value based on a second preset charging reference relationship includes:

[0030] The second upper limit battery temperature and the second lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value are found in the second preset charging reference relationship, as well as the upper limit SOC and the lower limit SOC corresponding to the real-time SOC value.

[0031] Based on the second preset charging reference relationship, the third allowable charging current corresponding to the second upper limit battery temperature and the upper limit SOC, the fourth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the lower limit SOC, the fifth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the upper limit SOC, and the sixth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the lower limit SOC are determined.

[0032] Based on the second upper limit battery temperature, the second lower limit battery temperature, and the real-time temperature value, the upper limit SOC, the lower limit SOC, and the real-time SOC value, double interpolation is performed on the third allowable charging current, the fourth allowable charging current, the fifth allowable charging current, and the sixth allowable charging current to obtain the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value.

[0033] It offers rapid charging response, avoids overvoltage risks, simplifies control logic, and improves charging reliability.

[0034] According to a second aspect of the present disclosure, a charging device is provided, comprising:

[0035] The dynamic voltage monitoring unit is used to monitor the real-time voltage value of the battery during charging.

[0036] The first current processing unit is used to determine the real-time temperature of the battery in response to the real-time voltage value being greater than or equal to the dynamic voltage limit value; and to determine the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value based on a first preset charging reference relationship.

[0037] The first preset charging reference relationship represents the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current.

[0038] In some possible embodiments of this disclosure, the first current processing unit is configured to:

[0039] The first upper limit battery temperature and the first lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value are found in the first preset charging reference relationship, as well as the first allowable charging current corresponding to the first upper limit battery temperature and the second allowable charging current corresponding to the first lower limit battery temperature.

[0040] Based on the first upper limit battery temperature, the first lower limit battery temperature, and the real-time temperature value, the first allowable charging current and the second allowable charging current are interpolated to obtain the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value.

[0041] Some possible implementations of this disclosure also include:

[0042] The second current processing unit is configured to reduce the charging request current in response to the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value being within a preset difference range, so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

[0043] Some possible implementations of this disclosure also include:

[0044] The third current processing unit is used to determine the real-time temperature value and the real-time state of charge (SOC) value of the battery in response to the fact that the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value does not fall within the preset difference range; and to determine the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value based on the second preset charging reference relationship.

[0045] The second preset charging reference relationship represents the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current, as well as the correspondence between SOC and allowable charging current.

[0046] In some possible embodiments of this disclosure, the third current processing unit is configured as follows:

[0047] The second upper limit battery temperature and the second lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value are found in the second preset charging reference relationship, as well as the upper limit SOC and the lower limit SOC corresponding to the real-time SOC value.

[0048] Based on the second preset charging reference relationship, the third allowable charging current corresponding to the second upper limit battery temperature and the upper limit SOC, the fourth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the lower limit SOC, the fifth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the upper limit SOC, and the sixth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the lower limit SOC are determined.

[0049] Based on the second upper limit battery temperature, the second lower limit battery temperature, and the real-time temperature value, the upper limit SOC, the lower limit SOC, and the real-time SOC value, double interpolation is performed on the third allowable charging current, the fourth allowable charging current, the fifth allowable charging current, and the sixth allowable charging current to obtain the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value.

[0050] In some possible embodiments of this disclosure, the second current processing unit is configured as follows:

[0051] The charging request current is reduced at a linear rate so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

[0052] In some possible embodiments of this disclosure, the second current processing unit is configured as follows:

[0053] Determine the decrease value of the charging request current and the preset decrease duration;

[0054] The linear rate is calculated using the decrease value and the preset descent duration.

[0055] According to a third aspect of the present disclosure, a vehicle is provided, comprising:

[0056] processor;

[0057] Memory used to store processor-executable instructions;

[0058] The processor is configured to implement any of the charging methods described in the first aspect above.

[0059] According to a fourth aspect of the present disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium is provided, wherein when instructions in the storage medium are executed by a vehicle's processor, the vehicle is enabled to perform any of the charging methods described in the first aspect.

[0060] According to a fifth aspect of the present disclosure, a computer program product is provided, including a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of any of the charging methods described in the first aspect above.

[0061] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of this disclosure may include the following beneficial effects:

[0062] This disclosure provides a charging method that monitors the real-time voltage value of the battery during charging; determines the real-time temperature value of the battery in response to the real-time voltage value being greater than or equal to a dynamic voltage limit value; and determines the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value based on a first preset charging reference relationship; wherein the first preset charging reference relationship characterizes the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current. This method enables the real-time determination of the charging request current using battery temperature after voltage clamping is triggered, ensuring that the determined charging request current is higher than the allowable charging current that drops sharply due to dynamic voltage clamping, thereby improving charging power, charging efficiency, and the user charging experience.

[0063] It should be understood that the above general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only, and are not intended to limit this disclosure. Attached Figure Description

[0064] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and form a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this disclosure and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this disclosure.

[0065] Figure 1 This is a flowchart of a charging method illustrated according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 1 .

[0066] Figure 2 This is a flowchart of a charging method illustrated according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 2 .

[0067] Figure 3 This is a flowchart of a charging method illustrated according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Figure 3 .

[0068] Figure 4 This is a flowchart illustrating a specific example of a charging strategy according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0069] Figure 5 This is a waveform diagram illustrating the real-time values ​​of the charging request current and voltage, as well as the battery temperature, in a specific instance according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure.

[0070] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a charging device according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0071] Figure 7 This is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle according to an exemplary embodiment of the present disclosure. Detailed Implementation

[0072] Exemplary embodiments of this disclosure will be described in detail herein, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. When the following description refers to the drawings, the same numbers in different drawings denote the same or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. Various changes, modifications, and equivalents of the methods, apparatus, and / or systems described herein will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure. For example, the order of operations described herein is merely illustrative and is not limited to those orders set forth herein, but can be changed as will become apparent upon understanding this disclosure, except for operations that must be performed in a particular order. Furthermore, for clarity and brevity, descriptions of features known in the art may be omitted.

[0073] The embodiments described below, which are examples of some of the embodiments of this disclosure, do not represent all embodiments consistent with this disclosure. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatuses and methods consistent with some aspects of this disclosure as detailed in the appended claims.

[0074] The specific implementation methods of the embodiments of this disclosure will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0075] like Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic representation of a charging method according to an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure. Figure 1 This charging method can be used in vehicles, including but not limited to electric vehicles (EVs), plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs), and hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs) that use a power battery as a power source or auxiliary power source.

[0076] like Figure 1 As shown, it includes the following steps.

[0077] In step S110, the real-time voltage value of the battery is monitored during the charging process.

[0078] It should be noted that the battery status can be monitored in real time through the vehicle's battery management system (BMS) to obtain key parameters such as battery voltage, temperature, and current, in order to monitor the real-time voltage value of the battery.

[0079] In some embodiments of this disclosure, voltage measurements need to be highly accurate in order to accurately monitor battery status, especially when the battery is close to full charge, and even small voltage changes need to be accurately monitored.

[0080] In step S120, in response to the real-time voltage value being greater than or equal to the dynamic voltage limit value, the real-time temperature value of the battery is determined.

[0081] It should be noted that if the real-time voltage value is greater than or equal to the dynamic voltage limit value, the real-time temperature value of the battery can be obtained by detecting and compensating for the voltage value using a temperature sensor.

[0082] In step S130, based on the first preset charging reference relationship, the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value is determined.

[0083] It should be noted that the first preset charging reference relationship represents the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current, that is, the correlation between the allowable charging current of the battery at different battery temperatures. In specific implementation, this can be determined from the battery charging strategy table. The allowable charging current is dynamically adjusted according to the current battery temperature, ensuring that the charging process is both efficient and safe. For example, in the low-temperature range (e.g., below 0°C), the charging current is significantly limited, or even prohibited; in the normal temperature range (e.g., 15°C to 35°C), the maximum allowable charging current is; in the high-temperature range (e.g., above 45°C), the charging current gradually decreases to prevent overheating.

[0084] It's important to note that during vehicle battery charging, excessively high voltage can lead to instability in the positive electrode material structure, electrolyte decomposition, gas generation, and even thermal runaway. More importantly, under high SOC (especially near full charge) and low temperature conditions, lithium metal deposition (lithium plating) is more likely to occur on the negative electrode. Lithium plating significantly reduces battery life and safety. To avoid these risks, the battery management system (BMS) sets a maximum allowable charging voltage, also known as the protection voltage. However, the protection voltage is not fixed and needs to be dynamically adjusted based on the battery's current SOC and temperature. The charging current during charging can be controlled by looking up tables based on SOC and temperature steps. Through extensive experiments and simulations, the optimal protection voltage values ​​for ensuring battery safety (primarily preventing lithium plating) and lifespan have been determined at different discrete SOC points (e.g., every 5% or 10% SOC) and different discrete temperature ranges (e.g., every 5°C or 10°C). These values ​​are pre-stored in the BMS's memory, forming one or more tables. By using a lookup table to incrementally change the maximum allowable voltage (protection voltage) during charging, the protection voltage is reduced under high SOC and low temperature conditions. This sacrifices a certain charging speed to avoid lithium plating and ensure battery safety and lifespan.

[0085] However, during the charging process, as the charging progresses to the second half, at some point the real-time voltage value of the battery exceeds the dynamic voltage limit. In this case, the allowable charging current obtained from the table will suddenly drop, and the charging power will drop rapidly.

[0086] It should be noted that the dynamic voltage limit is not a fixed value. It is the maximum allowable charging voltage, or protection voltage, calculated based on the current battery state. The BMS can use the battery's real-time internal state, such as polarization, internal resistance changes, and aging status, to fine-tune the base value obtained from the preset "SOC-Temperature-Protection Voltage" table, forming a more accurate and safer dynamic threshold.

[0087] It should be noted that the charging request current refers to the desired charging current value sent by the battery management system or related control system to the charging device during the battery charging process, based on the current state of the battery, thereby changing the charging current input by the charging device to the battery.

[0088] This embodiment of the invention monitors the real-time voltage value of the battery during charging; determines the real-time temperature value of the battery in response to the real-time voltage value being greater than or equal to the dynamic voltage limit value; and determines the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value based on a first preset charging reference relationship; wherein the first preset charging reference relationship characterizes the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current. This allows for the real-time determination of the charging request current using battery temperature after voltage clamping is triggered. The determined charging request current is higher than the allowable charging current that drops sharply due to dynamic voltage clamping, thereby improving charging power, charging efficiency, and the user charging experience.

[0089] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the implementation process of step S130 may include: finding, in a first preset charging reference relationship, a first upper limit battery temperature and a first lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value, a first allowable charging current corresponding to the first upper limit battery temperature, and a second allowable charging current corresponding to the first lower limit battery temperature; and based on the first upper limit battery temperature, the first lower limit battery temperature, and the real-time temperature value, performing interpolation calculation on the first allowable charging current and the second allowable charging current to obtain the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value. The interpolation calculation includes linear interpolation calculation.

[0090] It should be noted that the first preset charging reference relationship includes multiple discrete battery temperature values. The first upper limit battery temperature and the first lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value refer to the two discrete point values ​​that are closest to the real-time temperature value. The first upper limit battery temperature is greater than the real-time temperature value, and the first lower limit battery temperature is less than the real-time temperature value.

[0091] It should be noted that after dynamic voltage clamping is triggered, the dynamic voltage granularity is too large to perform linear interpolation in the SOC direction, but linear interpolation in the battery temperature direction can be performed in one dimension, which can increase the charging request current, thereby increasing the charging power and reducing the steep drop in charging current, thus improving the user experience as much as possible.

[0092] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a charging method is provided, such as Figure 2 The diagram illustrates the flow of a charging method. Figure 2 . Figure 2 Steps S210, S230, and S240 Figure 1 Steps S110 to S130 correspond to each other and will not be repeated here. Figure 1 In addition to the implementation process shown, the following steps are also included.

[0093] In step S220, in response to the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value being within a preset difference range, the charging request current is reduced so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

[0094] It should be noted that after dynamic voltage clamping is triggered, the battery polarization overpotential drops significantly and rapidly, causing the polarization voltage to collapse. The real-time value of the battery voltage will also drop significantly. In order to pull the voltage back up, the charging current may try to increase. At this time, the charging power will actually increase, and the charging power will fluctuate significantly, giving users a poor charging experience.

[0095] This embodiment of the disclosure can reduce the charging request current when it is determined that the real-time voltage value is close to the corresponding dynamic voltage limit value, so that the real-time voltage value of the battery increases slowly or remains unchanged, so as to be as low as possible below the dynamic voltage limit value.

[0096] In practice, step S220 can reduce the charging request current at a linear rate so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

[0097] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, step S220 may further include: determining a reduction value of the charging request current and a preset decrease duration; and calculating a linear rate using the reduction value and the preset decrease duration. That is, the linear rate can be determined by calculating the amount of current to be reduced and the preset linear decrease duration. Alternatively, the charging request current can be reduced by setting a preset rate. Specific values ​​are not limited in this embodiment of the disclosure; for example, it could be 10A / ms to 20A / ms. Those skilled in the art will understand that the charging request current can also be reduced in steps according to the time dimension, with each step decreasing at a linear rate.

[0098] This allows for charging at the highest possible current allowed under current conditions before the real-time voltage reaches the protection voltage threshold, thereby maximizing charging power. The voltage-monitoring-based linear current decay strategy effectively meets the safety requirements of dynamic voltage limits while ensuring a smooth charging process, making it an effective means of optimizing the fast charging experience.

[0099] It should be noted that the aforementioned preset difference range can be set according to the battery's cell characteristics, charging characteristics, and dynamic voltage sensitivity. The minimum preset difference range can be 0, and the maximum threshold can be adjusted. For example, for a high-current battery with a rated current of 400A, this difference can be set to 0.2mV, 0.5mV, or 0.6mV, etc. For a low-current battery with a rated current of 100A, this difference can be set to 0.02mV, 0.05mV, or 0.08mV, etc.

[0100] For example, when the real-time battery voltage is detected to be the dynamic voltage limit value - AmV, the charging request current is reduced at a decreasing rate of YA / ms to maintain the real-time voltage value within the dynamic voltage limit value as much as possible. It should be noted that A represents the aforementioned maximum threshold, and Y represents the aforementioned linear rate.

[0101] As can be seen from the above analysis, the embodiments of this disclosure monitor the real-time voltage value of the battery during charging; in response to the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value being within a preset difference range, the charging request current is reduced so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value. This minimizes voltage clamping, thereby avoiding the risk of a sharp drop in charging current and fluctuations in charging power. This not only improves charging efficiency but also enhances the user's charging experience.

[0102] In some embodiments of this disclosure, when the real-time voltage of the battery is far below the dynamic voltage limit, a step lookup table method is used for charging. That is, the charging method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure is as follows: Figure 3 The diagram illustrates the flow of a charging method. Figure 3 . Figure 3 Steps S310, S340 to S360 and Figure 2 Steps S210 to S240 correspond to each other and will not be repeated here. Figure 2 In addition to the implementation process shown, the following steps are also included.

[0103] In step S320, in response to the fact that the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value does not fall within the preset difference range, the real-time temperature value and the real-time state of charge (SOC) value of the battery are determined.

[0104] In an exemplary embodiment of this disclosure, the difference between the real-time voltage value and the corresponding dynamic voltage limit value can be calculated to determine whether the difference is greater than the aforementioned maximum threshold. If it is greater than the aforementioned maximum threshold, the real-time temperature value of the battery can be obtained by detecting and compensating for it using a temperature sensor. The real-time SOC value can be determined using the Coulomb counting method (current integration method), the extended Kalman filter (EKF), or other advanced algorithms.

[0105] In step S330, based on the second preset charging reference relationship, the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value is determined.

[0106] It should be noted that the second preset charging reference relationship represents the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current, as well as the correspondence between SOC and allowable charging current. The second preset charging reference relationship can be a table showing the correspondence between SOC, battery temperature, and allowable charging current. It is understood that the first preset charging reference relationship can be the same as the second preset charging reference relationship, both of which can be battery charging strategy tables.

[0107] For example, Table 1 shows the allowable charging current and allowable charging voltage for different SOCs and different battery temperatures.

[0108] Table 1

[0109]

[0110] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the implementation process of step S330 may include: finding the second upper limit battery temperature and the second lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value, and the upper limit SOC and the lower limit SOC corresponding to the real-time SOC value in the second preset charging reference relationship; determining the third allowable charging current corresponding to the second upper limit battery temperature and the upper limit SOC, the fourth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the lower limit SOC, the fifth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the upper limit SOC, and the sixth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the lower limit SOC based on the second preset charging reference relationship; and performing double interpolation calculation on the third allowable charging current, the fourth allowable charging current, the fifth allowable charging current, and the sixth allowable charging current based on the second upper limit battery temperature, the second lower limit battery temperature, the real-time temperature value, the upper limit SOC, the lower limit SOC, and the real-time SOC value to obtain the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value.

[0111] It should be noted that the second preset charging reference relationship includes multiple discrete battery temperature values ​​and multiple discrete SOC values. The second upper limit battery temperature and the second lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value refer to the two discrete point values ​​closest to the real-time temperature value, and the second upper limit battery temperature is greater than the real-time temperature value, while the second lower limit battery temperature is less than the real-time temperature value. The upper limit SOC and the lower limit SOC corresponding to the real-time SOC value refer to the two discrete point values ​​closest to the real-time SOC value, and the upper limit SOC is greater than the real-time SOC value, while the lower limit SOC is less than the real-time SOC value.

[0112] Taking Table 1 above as an example, the real-time SOC value falls within the interval SOC1 to SOC2, and the real-time temperature value falls within the interval Ta to Tb. Based on Table 1, the third, fourth, fifth, and sixth allowable charging currents can be determined as ITa1, ITa2, ITb1, and ITb2, respectively. Interpolation can be performed first in the SOC direction (with a fixed temperature), and then in the temperature direction (with a fixed SOC). It should be noted that linear interpolation can be performed in both the SOC and temperature directions.

[0113] It is understood that the charging method provided in this disclosure, when the real-time voltage value of the battery is near the dynamic voltage limit, uses a step lookup table method for charging, resulting in rapid charging response, avoiding overvoltage risks, simplifying control logic, and improving charging reliability. When approaching the dynamic voltage limit, the charging request current is reduced to minimize the risk of triggering dynamic voltage clamping. This allows charging with the highest possible current allowed under current conditions before the real-time voltage reaches the protection voltage threshold, maximizing charging power. However, even with a reduced charging request current, the real-time battery voltage may still rise, even exceeding the dynamic voltage limit. In this case, triggering dynamic voltage clamping would cause a sharp drop in charging current. To minimize this drop, this disclosure uses battery temperature to determine the charging request current in real-time, increasing the current value to reduce instability and power reduction caused by the current drop, thereby maximizing charging efficiency and improving the user's charging experience.

[0114] To better illustrate the charging method provided in the embodiments of this disclosure, a specific example is provided for further explanation. For example... Figure 4 The diagram shown is a flowchart of the charging strategy for this specific example. Figure 5 This diagram illustrates the relationship between the charging request current, real-time voltage, and battery temperature during the charging process.

[0115] After charging begins, the BMS monitors the relationship between the battery voltage and the dynamic voltage limit in real time. If the battery voltage is less than the dynamic voltage limit -AmV, a charging strategy using a double interpolation lookup table is executed.

[0116] If the battery voltage is detected to be equal to the dynamic voltage limit value -AmV, the charging request current is reduced at a decreasing rate of YA / ms to reduce the charging current output by the charging device.

[0117] If the battery voltage is detected to exceed the dynamic voltage limit, an interpolation lookup table charging strategy based on temperature is executed.

[0118] like Figure 5As shown, when the battery voltage U = VTb2, dynamic voltage clamping is triggered. At this time, the battery temperature is between Ta and Tb. If the charging request current obtained by directly looking up the table is i = ITa3, by executing the interpolation lookup table charging strategy in the temperature direction, the charging request current is the interpolation of ITa3 and ITb3, which is the current value of the dashed part in the figure, which is much greater than ITa3.

[0119] The above analysis shows that higher charging power results in longer charging time and increased charging power.

[0120] Analysis reveals that this embodiment optimizes the charging lookup table strategy, combining dual interpolation lookup table, dynamic voltage clamping characteristics, and temperature direction lookup table, ensuring both battery safety and optimal charging performance throughout the charging process. It considers the characteristics of lithium battery charging and formulates a safe and fast charging strategy, significantly improving the problem of sharp drops in charging current, increasing charging power, thereby improving charging efficiency, shortening charging time, and enhancing user experience.

[0121] It should be noted that the acquisition, storage, use, and processing of information or data in this disclosed technical solution comply with the relevant provisions of national laws and regulations.

[0122] Figure 6 This is a block diagram of a charging device according to some exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure. (Refer to...) Figure 6 The device 600 includes: a dynamic voltage monitoring unit 601 and a first current processing unit 602.

[0123] The dynamic voltage monitoring unit 601 is used to monitor the real-time voltage value of the battery during the charging process;

[0124] The first current processing unit 602 is used to determine the real-time temperature of the battery in response to the real-time voltage value being greater than or equal to the dynamic voltage limit value; and to determine the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value based on a first preset charging reference relationship; wherein, the first preset charging reference relationship characterizes the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current.

[0125] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the first current processing unit 602 is configured to:

[0126] The first upper limit battery temperature and the first lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value are found in the first preset charging reference relationship, as well as the first allowable charging current corresponding to the first upper limit battery temperature and the second allowable charging current corresponding to the first lower limit battery temperature.

[0127] Based on the first upper limit battery temperature, the first lower limit battery temperature, and the real-time temperature value, the first allowable charging current and the second allowable charging current are interpolated to obtain the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value.

[0128] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, a second current processing unit is further included, which reduces the charging request current in response to the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value being within a preset difference range, so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

[0129] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the second current processing unit is configured to:

[0130] The charging request current is reduced at a linear rate so that the real-time voltage value is below the dynamic voltage limit.

[0131] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the second current processing unit is configured to:

[0132] Determine the reduction value of the charging request current and the preset reduction duration;

[0133] The linear rate is calculated using the decrease value and the preset descent time.

[0134] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, it further includes: a third current processing unit, configured to determine the real-time temperature value and the real-time state of charge (SOC) value of the battery in response to the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value not falling within a preset difference range; and to determine the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value based on a second preset charging reference relationship; wherein the second preset charging reference relationship characterizes the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current and the correspondence between SOC and allowable charging current.

[0135] In some exemplary embodiments of this disclosure, the third current processing unit is configured to:

[0136] The second upper limit battery temperature and the second lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value are found in the second preset charging reference relationship, as well as the upper limit SOC and the lower limit SOC corresponding to the real-time SOC value.

[0137] Based on the second preset charging reference relationship, the third allowable charging current corresponding to the second upper limit battery temperature and the upper limit SOC, the fourth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the lower limit SOC, the fifth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the upper limit SOC, and the sixth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the lower limit SOC are determined.

[0138] Based on the second upper limit battery temperature, the second lower limit battery temperature, and the real-time temperature value, the upper limit SOC, the lower limit SOC, and the real-time SOC value, the third allowable charging current, the fourth allowable charging current, the fifth allowable charging current, and the sixth allowable charging current are calculated by double interpolation to obtain the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value.

[0139] It should be noted that interpolation calculations include linear interpolation calculations.

[0140] Regarding the charging device in the above embodiments, the specific functional implementation involved has been described in detail in the embodiments of the charging method, and will not be elaborated here.

[0141] Figure 7 This is a block diagram illustrating a vehicle 700 according to an exemplary embodiment. For example, vehicle 700 can be a hybrid vehicle, a non-hybrid vehicle, an electric vehicle, a fuel cell vehicle, or other types of vehicle. Vehicle 700 can be an autonomous vehicle, a semi-autonomous vehicle, or a non-autonomous vehicle.

[0142] Reference Figure 7 The vehicle 700 may include various subsystems, such as an infotainment system 710, a perception system 720, a decision control system 730, a drive system 740, a computing platform 750, and a battery system 760. The vehicle 700 may also include more or fewer subsystems, and each subsystem may include multiple components. Furthermore, each subsystem and component of the vehicle 700 can be interconnected via wired or wireless means.

[0143] In some embodiments, the infotainment system 710 may include a communication system, an entertainment system, and a navigation system, etc.

[0144] The perception system 720 may include several sensors for sensing information about the environment surrounding the vehicle 700. For example, the perception system 720 may include a global positioning system (which may be GPS, BeiDou, or other positioning systems), an inertial measurement unit (IMU), lidar, millimeter-wave radar, ultrasonic radar, and a camera device.

[0145] The decision control system 730 may include a computing system, a vehicle controller, a steering system, a throttle, and a braking system.

[0146] The drive system 740 may include components that provide powered motion to the vehicle 700. In one embodiment, the drive system 740 may include an engine, an energy source, a transmission system, and wheels. The engine may be one or a combination of internal combustion engines, electric motors, and compressed air engines. The engine is capable of converting energy provided by the energy source into mechanical energy.

[0147] Some or all of the functions of vehicle 700 are controlled by computing platform 750. Computing platform 750 may include at least one processor 751 and memory 752, and processor 751 may execute instructions 753 stored in memory 752.

[0148] Processor 751 can be any conventional processor, and processors can also include, for example, a Graphic Processing Unit (GPU), a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), a System on Chip (SOC), an Application Specific Integrated Circuit (ASIC), or a combination thereof.

[0149] The memory 752 can be implemented by any type of volatile or non-volatile storage device or a combination thereof, such as static random access memory (SRAM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), erasable programmable read-only memory (EPROM), programmable read-only memory (PROM), read-only memory (ROM), magnetic storage, flash memory, magnetic disk or optical disk.

[0150] In addition to instruction 753, memory 752 can also store data, such as road maps, route information, vehicle position, direction, speed, and other data. The data stored in memory 752 can be used by computing platform 750.

[0151] In this embodiment of the present disclosure, the processor 751 may execute instructions 753 to complete all or part of the steps of the charging method described above.

[0152] In this embodiment of the disclosure, the battery system 760 may include a battery management system (BMS) or the like to provide electrical energy to the vehicle 700.

[0153] In some embodiments of this disclosure, a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, when instructions in the storage medium are executed by a vehicle's processor, enables the vehicle to perform the charging method described above.

[0154] Other embodiments of this disclosure will readily occur to those skilled in the art upon consideration of the specification and practice of the invention disclosed herein. This application is intended to cover any variations, uses, or adaptations of this disclosure that follow the general principles of this disclosure and include common knowledge or customary techniques in the art not disclosed herein. The specification and examples are to be considered exemplary only, and the true scope and spirit of this disclosure are indicated by the following claims.

[0155] It should be understood that this disclosure is not limited to the precise structures described above and shown in the accompanying drawings, and various modifications and changes can be made without departing from its scope. The scope of this disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A charging method, characterized in that, Monitor the real-time voltage value of the battery during charging; In response to the real-time voltage value being greater than or equal to the dynamic voltage limit value, the real-time temperature of the battery is determined; Based on the first preset charging reference relationship, the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value is determined. The first preset charging reference relationship represents the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current.

2. The charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Based on a first preset charging reference relationship, the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value is determined, including: The first upper limit battery temperature and the first lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value are found in the first preset charging reference relationship, as well as the first allowable charging current corresponding to the first upper limit battery temperature and the second allowable charging current corresponding to the first lower limit battery temperature. Based on the first upper limit battery temperature, the first lower limit battery temperature, and the real-time temperature value, the first allowable charging current and the second allowable charging current are interpolated to obtain the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value.

3. The charging method according to claim 1, characterized in that, Also includes: In response to the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value being within a preset difference range, the charging request current is reduced so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

4. The charging method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Also includes: In response to the fact that the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value does not fall within the preset difference range, the real-time temperature value and the real-time state of charge (SOC) value of the battery are determined. Based on the second preset charging reference relationship, the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value is determined. The second preset charging reference relationship represents the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current, as well as the correspondence between SOC and allowable charging current.

5. The charging method according to claim 4, characterized in that, Based on the second preset charging reference relationship, the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value is determined, including: The second upper limit battery temperature and the second lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value are found in the second preset charging reference relationship, as well as the upper limit SOC and the lower limit SOC corresponding to the real-time SOC value. Based on the second preset charging reference relationship, the third allowable charging current corresponding to the second upper limit battery temperature and the upper limit SOC, the fourth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the lower limit SOC, the fifth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the upper limit SOC, and the sixth allowable charging current corresponding to the second lower limit battery temperature and the lower limit SOC are determined. Based on the second upper limit battery temperature, the second lower limit battery temperature, and the real-time temperature value, the upper limit SOC, the lower limit SOC, and the real-time SOC value, double interpolation is performed on the third allowable charging current, the fourth allowable charging current, the fifth allowable charging current, and the sixth allowable charging current to obtain the real-time charging request current value corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value.

6. The charging method according to claim 3, characterized in that, Reducing the charging request current so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value includes: The charging request current is reduced at a linear rate so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

7. The charging method according to claim 6, characterized in that, Reducing the charging request current so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value also includes: Determine the decrease value of the charging request current and the preset decrease duration; The linear rate is calculated using the decrease value and the preset descent duration.

8. A charging device, characterized in that, include: The dynamic voltage monitoring unit is used to monitor the real-time voltage value of the battery during charging. A first current processing unit is used to determine the real-time temperature of the battery in response to the real-time voltage value being greater than or equal to the dynamic voltage limit value. Based on the first preset charging reference relationship, the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value is determined. The first preset charging reference relationship represents the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current.

9. The charging device according to claim 8, characterized in that, The first current processing unit is configured as follows: The first upper limit battery temperature and the first lower limit battery temperature corresponding to the real-time temperature value are found in the first preset charging reference relationship, as well as the first allowable charging current corresponding to the first upper limit battery temperature and the second allowable charging current corresponding to the first lower limit battery temperature. Based on the first upper limit battery temperature, the first lower limit battery temperature, and the real-time temperature value, the first allowable charging current and the second allowable charging current are interpolated to obtain the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value.

10. The charging device according to claim 8, characterized in that, Also includes: The second current processing unit is configured to reduce the charging request current in response to the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value being within a preset difference range, so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

11. The charging device according to claim 10, characterized in that, Also includes: The third current processing unit is used to determine the real-time temperature value and the real-time state of charge (SOC) value of the battery in response to the fact that the difference between the real-time voltage value and the dynamic voltage limit value does not fall within the preset difference range. Based on the second preset charging reference relationship, the real-time value of the charging request current corresponding to the real-time temperature value and the real-time SOC value is determined. The second preset charging reference relationship represents the correspondence between battery temperature and allowable charging current, as well as the correspondence between SOC and allowable charging current.

12. The charging device according to claim 10, characterized in that, The second current processing unit is configured as follows: The charging request current is reduced at a linear rate so that the real-time voltage value is lower than the dynamic voltage limit value.

13. A vehicle, characterized in that, include: processor; Memory used to store processor-executable instructions; The processor is configured to implement the steps of the charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

14. A non-transitory computer-readable storage medium, wherein instructions in the storage medium, when executed by a processor of a vehicle, enable the vehicle to perform a charging method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

15. A computer program product, characterized in that, It includes a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the steps of the method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

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