High polymer material for improving quality of concrete pole and preparation method of high polymer material

Abstract

The invention discloses a high polymer material for improving the quality of a concrete pole and a preparation method of the high polymer material, and belongs to the technical field of concrete poles. The metal corrosion inhibitor is prepared from benzimidazole, a water-based epoxy curing agent, aliphatic glycidyl ether, nano hydrophobic silicon dioxide, an organic silicon defoaming agent, a polyether modified wetting leveling agent, deionized water, modified silane benzimidazole ester and other raw materials, and the modified silane benzimidazole ester prepared through a specific method has the permeation curing effect of silane and the metal corrosion inhibition function of benzimidazole; the anti-permeability and corrosion resistance of concrete and the bonding protection performance of the concrete and reinforcing steel bars can be effectively improved, the material adopts a two-component system, a continuous protection layer can be formed on the surface of the concrete through spraying or roller coating construction after field mixing, the service life of an electric pole in high-corrosion environments such as saline and alkaline environments and coastal environments is remarkably prolonged, and the service life of the electric pole is prolonged. Good durability and self-repairing capability are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of concrete pole technology, specifically referring to a polymer material for improving the quality of concrete poles and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] Concrete poles are crucial equipment support structures in industries such as power and communications. While traditional concrete poles maintain good performance in generally dry environments, they are prone to problems such as concrete layer corrosion, cracking and spalling, and internal steel reinforcement corrosion in harsh environments such as swamps, saline-alkali lands, and coastal areas, where they are subjected to long-term wet-dry cycles, freeze-thaw cycles, alternating hot and cold temperatures, and corrosive media. This severely impacts their service life. Currently, the main technical approach to improving pole durability focuses on modifying the material itself. However, this approach still has limitations in dealing with complex stresses and long-term penetrating corrosion. In recent years, the application of polymer materials in concrete modification has shown great potential. They can effectively improve compatibility with cementitious matrices and fill pores and improve interface structure at the microscopic level, thereby synergistically enhancing the material's impermeability, crack resistance, and overall stability. This provides a new material basis for developing a new generation of high-performance concrete poles.

[0003] The main technical bottleneck currently facing concrete poles lies in the fact that traditional protective materials are unable to provide long-term protection under harsh environmental conditions. Conventional coatings, due to insufficient permeability and weak bonding with the concrete interface, cannot effectively block the intrusion of moisture and chloride ions, making it difficult to adapt to the expansion of cracks in concrete poles, leading to accelerated steel corrosion and concrete deterioration. Once the concrete materials used in most poles are damaged, the protective effect will fail more quickly, and few materials can protect the steel reinforcement while slowing down the corrosion of the concrete. Existing methods often neglect the long-term durability of materials in ultraviolet, humid, and chemically corrosive environments, making them prone to aging, peeling, and performance degradation, which seriously affects the safety and lifespan of concrete poles in highly corrosive environments such as saline-alkali and coastal areas. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above situation and to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a polymer material for improving the quality of concrete poles and its preparation method, which effectively solves the problems of insufficient durability, weak corrosion resistance, and difficulty in coping with harsh and complex environments of concrete poles currently on the market.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows: This invention proposes a polymer material for improving the quality of concrete poles and its preparation method, comprising the following raw materials in parts by weight: 100 parts of waterborne epoxy resin, 20-35 parts of waterborne epoxy curing agent, 5-15 parts of aliphatic glycidyl ether, 3-10 parts of hydrophobic nano silica, 0.1-0.5 parts of organosilicon defoamer, 0.2-1.0 parts of polyether modified wetting and leveling agent, 10-25 parts of deionized water, and 0.8-1.5 parts of modified silane benzimidazole ester.

[0006] Furthermore, the preparation method of the modified silane benzimidazole ester includes the following steps:

[0007] (1) Add 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid to a three-necked flask, then add anhydrous ethanol in proportion, heat and stir until the carboxylic acid raw material dissolves to form a suspension;

[0008] (2) Add tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) to the suspension, and slowly add silane reagent while maintaining the temperature and stirring continuously. After the addition is completed, heat the system to the reflux temperature of ethanol and maintain the reaction.

[0009] (3) After the reaction is complete, the solution is cooled to room temperature naturally, and then the ethanol solvent is removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a viscous, light yellow oil. Ice water is added to the oil and the mixture is stirred vigorously until a white solid product is precipitated. Then, the residue and impurities are removed by vacuum filtration and dried to obtain the target product.

[0010] Further, in step (1), the mass ratio of 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid to anhydrous ethanol is (5-15):50.

[0011] Furthermore, in step (1), the stirring temperature is 48-52℃.

[0012] Further, in step (2), the silane reagent is one of 3-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidyl etheroxypropyltriethoxysilane, and 2-3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyltrimethoxysilane.

[0013] Furthermore, in step (2), the ethanol reflux temperature is 76-80℃.

[0014] Furthermore, in step (3), the temperature set for the vacuum distillation step is 45-55℃.

[0015] Furthermore, the preparation method of the polymer material for improving the quality of concrete poles includes the following steps:

[0016] Waterborne epoxy resin and deionized water are added to a reaction vessel. First, aliphatic glycidyl ether, wetting and leveling agent, and half of the defoamer are added sequentially under low-speed stirring. Then, nano-silica and modified silane benzimidazole ester are slowly added while gradually increasing the stirring speed to disperse until the system is uniform and free of particles. Subsequently, the stirring speed is switched to low speed and vacuum is applied to remove bubbles, resulting in component A. The other half of the defoamer is added to the waterborne epoxy curing agent under low-speed stirring and stirred until uniformly mixed, resulting in component B.

[0017] Furthermore, the construction method includes the following steps:

[0018] When using on site, mix component A and component B according to the weight ratio; use a mechanical mixer to stir at medium speed for 3-5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing, and let it stand for 5 minutes before use; apply the mixed material to the surface of steel bars and concrete poles by airless high-pressure spraying or roller coating.

[0019] Furthermore, the weight ratio of component A to component B is 100:(26-30).

[0020] The beneficial effects achieved by the present invention using the above structure are as follows:

[0021] This solution proposes a polymer material and its preparation method for improving the quality of concrete utility poles. The modified silane benzimidazole ester molecule allows the silane group to deeply penetrate the interior of the concrete pores, combining with cement hydration products to block the intrusion of external corrosive media such as moisture, chloride ions, and sulfates. While being hydrophobic, it maintains the permeability of the concrete, preventing internal moisture accumulation that could lead to peeling or blistering. Furthermore, the nitrogen atom on the imidazole ring and the functional groups such as substituted amino groups in the benzimidazole group are rich in electrons. These groups exhibit a strong coordination tendency towards iron atoms on the surface of the reinforcing steel. When the concrete cover is locally acidified due to carbonation or chloride ion intrusion, causing the original passivation film of the reinforcing steel to become unstable, benzimidazole molecules adsorb onto the surface of the reinforcing steel, blocking the contact between corrosive media and the steel surface, and inhibiting chloride ion-induced electrochemical corrosion reactions. This achieves protection for both the concrete matrix and the reinforcing steel skeleton from two directions, jointly enhancing the pole's resistance to environmental erosion.

[0022] By modifying the ester bonds of silane benzimidazole esters, when microcracks develop in concrete due to stress or freeze-thaw cycles, an alkaline change occurs at the crack site, triggering hydrolysis of the ester bonds of the modified silane benzimidazole esters. This releases benzimidazole components, which migrate with moisture to the exposed steel reinforcement surface, reforming a protective film to prevent corrosion propagation. Simultaneously, silane groups migrate along the crack surface and hydrolyze under the combined action of the inherent alkaline environment of the concrete and the moisture present on the crack surface, generating highly reactive silanol groups. Subsequently, these silanol groups undergo condensation reactions with hydroxyl groups on the pore walls of the concrete on both sides of the crack, forming stable siloxane bonds. This generates a hydrophobic layer at the crack interface. Moreover, because it forms inside the crack rather than on the surface, it can more persistently block moisture and harmful ions from penetrating along the crack, reducing maintenance costs and extending the life of the pole in harsh environments.

[0023] When modified silane benzimidazole ester comes into contact with concrete, the silane groups at the ends of its molecules hydrolyze to generate highly reactive silanols. These silanols then undergo dehydration condensation reactions with the abundant silanols and aluminols on the surface of the concrete aggregates, forming strong and stable covalent bonds. Meanwhile, the benzimidazole groups at the other end of the molecule, with their π-electron-rich aromatic ring structure, can generate π-π stacking interactions with aromatic rings or other electron-rich groups in the polymer molecular chain, enhancing the dispersibility and interfacial bonding of silane benzimidazole ester in the composite, thereby reducing the risk of delamination and ensuring the long-term stability of protective performance. In addition, silane benzimidazole ester can resist ultraviolet aging and acid and alkali corrosion, avoiding performance degradation caused by material degradation and ensuring the structural integrity of the pole. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a microscopic electron microscope image of concrete, showing a polymer material for improving the quality of concrete poles proposed in this invention.

[0025] Figure 2 This is an experimental result diagram of the permeation barrier of a polymer material proposed in this invention for improving the quality of concrete poles.

[0026] Figure 3 This is a microscopic electron microscope image of steel bar cracks in a concrete pole made of a polymer material for improving the quality of concrete poles, as proposed in this invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This figure shows the experimental results of restoring the impermeability of a polymer material used to improve the quality of concrete poles, as proposed in this invention.

[0028] Figure 5 The figure shows the experimental results of the aging resistance and chemical corrosion resistance of a polymer material for improving the quality of concrete poles proposed in this invention.

[0029] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, all chemical reagents involved in this invention were purchased through commercial channels.

[0032] The waterborne epoxy resin (epoxy equivalent: 190) and waterborne epoxy curing agent (active hydrogen equivalent: 265) used in this invention were purchased from Jiangsu Maigu Chemical Co., Ltd.; aliphatic glycidyl ether (purity: ≥98%) was purchased from Shanghai Aladdin Biochemical Technology Co., Ltd.; hydrophobic nano silica (purity: ≥99.5%) was purchased from Hangzhou Jikang New Materials Co., Ltd.; and organosilicon defoamer (active ingredient: ≥97%) and polyether modified wetting and leveling agent (solid content: >99.8%) were purchased from BYK Chemical Shanghai Co., Ltd.

[0033] Example 1

[0034] A polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles and its preparation method

[0035] First, modified silane benzimidazole ester was prepared. 5g of 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid was added to a three-necked flask, followed by 50g of anhydrous ethanol. Stirring was started and the temperature was raised to 48°C to dissolve the carboxylic acid and form a suspension. 2mmol of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) was added to the suspension, and simultaneously 46.2mmol of 3-glycidyl etheroxypropyltriethoxysilane was added to a constant-pressure dropping funnel. The silane reagent was slowly added dropwise at 48°C with continuous stirring, controlling the dropping rate to be completed within 30 minutes. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 76°C, and the ethanol was refluxed. The reaction was continued at this temperature for 8 hours. The reaction progress can be monitored by thin-film chromatography. The reaction was monitored by thermal chromatography (TLC). After the reaction was completed, heating was stopped, and the system was allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. The reaction mixture was then transferred to a rotary evaporator and distilled under reduced pressure at 45°C to remove the ethanol solvent, yielding a viscous, pale yellow oil. 50 mL of ice water was added to the oil and the mixture was stirred vigorously for 15 min. At this point, the product precipitated as a white or off-white solid. The product was then filtered, and the filter cake was washed three times with 10 mL of cold water each time to thoroughly remove residual catalyst, unreacted raw materials, and byproducts. The wet filter cake was transferred to a watch glass and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 50°C for 12 h to obtain an off-white powdery modified silane benzimidazole ester solid.

[0036] Then, a polymer material to improve the quality of concrete poles was prepared. Aqueous epoxy resin and deionized water were added to a reactor. Aliphatic glycidyl ether, wetting and leveling agent and half of the defoamer were added sequentially under low-speed stirring. Then, nano-silica and modified silane benzimidazole ester were slowly added and the stirring speed was gradually increased to continuously disperse until the system was uniform and free of particles. Then, the stirring speed was switched to low speed and vacuum was applied to remove bubbles to obtain component A. The other half of the defoamer was added to the aqueous epoxy curing agent under low-speed stirring and stirred until the mixture was uniform to obtain component B.

[0037] When using on site, mix component A and component B according to the weight ratio; use a mechanical mixer to stir at medium speed for 3-5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing, and let it stand for 5 minutes before use; apply the mixed material to the surface of steel bars and concrete poles by airless high-pressure spraying or roller coating.

[0038] Example 2

[0039] A polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles and its preparation method

[0040] First, modified silane benzimidazole ester was prepared. 10 g of 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid was added to a three-necked flask, followed by 50 g of anhydrous ethanol. Stirring was started and the temperature was raised to 50 °C to dissolve the carboxylic acid and form a suspension. 2 mmol of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) was added to the suspension, and simultaneously 46.2 mmol of 3-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane was added to a constant-pressure dropping funnel. The silane reagent was slowly added dropwise at 50 °C with continuous stirring, controlling the dropping rate to be completed within 30 min. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 78 °C, and the ethanol was refluxed. The reaction was continued at this temperature for 8 h. The reaction progress can be monitored by thin-film chromatography. The reaction was monitored by thermochromatography (TLC). After the reaction was completed, heating was stopped, and the system was allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. The reaction mixture was then transferred to a rotary evaporator and distilled under reduced pressure at 50°C to remove the ethanol solvent, yielding a viscous, pale yellow oil. 50 mL of ice water was added to the oil and the mixture was stirred vigorously for 15 min. At this point, the product precipitated as a white or off-white solid. The product was then filtered, and the filter cake was washed three times with 10 mL of cold water each time to thoroughly remove residual catalyst, unreacted raw materials, and byproducts. The wet filter cake was transferred to a watch glass and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 50°C for 12 h to obtain an off-white powdery modified silane benzimidazole ester solid.

[0041] Then, a polymer material to improve the quality of concrete poles was prepared. Aqueous epoxy resin and deionized water were added to a reactor. Aliphatic glycidyl ether, wetting and leveling agent and half of the defoamer were added sequentially under low-speed stirring. Then, nano-silica and modified silane benzimidazole ester were slowly added and the stirring speed was gradually increased to continuously disperse until the system was uniform and free of particles. Then, the stirring speed was switched to low speed and vacuum was applied to remove bubbles to obtain component A. The other half of the defoamer was added to the aqueous epoxy curing agent under low-speed stirring and stirred until the mixture was uniform to obtain component B.

[0042] When using on site, mix component A and component B according to the weight ratio; use a mechanical mixer to stir at medium speed for 3-5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing, and let it stand for 5 minutes before use; apply the mixed material to the surface of steel bars and concrete poles by airless high-pressure spraying or roller coating.

[0043] Example 3

[0044] A polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles and its preparation method

[0045] First, modified silane benzimidazole ester was prepared. 15 g of 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid was added to a three-necked flask, followed by the addition of 50 g of anhydrous ethanol. Stirring was then initiated and the temperature was raised to 52 °C to dissolve the carboxylic acid raw material and form a suspension. 2 mmol of tetrabutylammonium bromide (TBAB) was added to the suspension, and simultaneously, 46.2 mmol of 2-3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyltrimethoxysilane was added to a constant-pressure dropping funnel. The silane reagent was slowly added dropwise at 52 °C with continuous stirring, controlling the dropping rate to be completed within 30 min. After the addition was complete, the temperature was raised to 80 °C, and the ethanol was refluxed. The reaction was continued at this temperature for 8 h. The reaction progress can be monitored by... Thin-layer chromatography (TLC) was used for monitoring. After the reaction was completed, heating was stopped, and the system was allowed to cool naturally to room temperature. The reaction mixture was then transferred to a rotary evaporator and distilled under reduced pressure at 55°C to remove the ethanol solvent, yielding a viscous, pale yellow oil. 50 mL of ice water was added to the oil and the mixture was stirred vigorously for 15 min. At this point, the product precipitated as a white or off-white solid. The mixture was then filtered, and the filter cake was washed three times with 10 mL of cold water each time to thoroughly remove residual catalyst, unreacted raw materials, and byproducts. The wet filter cake was transferred to a watch glass and dried in a vacuum drying oven at 50°C for 12 h to obtain an off-white powdery modified silane benzimidazole ester solid.

[0046] Then, a polymer material to improve the quality of concrete poles was prepared. Aqueous epoxy resin and deionized water were added to a reactor. Aliphatic glycidyl ether, wetting and leveling agent and half of the defoamer were added sequentially under low-speed stirring. Then, nano-silica and modified silane benzimidazole ester were slowly added and the stirring speed was gradually increased to continuously disperse until the system was uniform and free of particles. Then, the stirring speed was switched to low speed and vacuum was applied to remove bubbles to obtain component A. The other half of the defoamer was added to the aqueous epoxy curing agent under low-speed stirring and stirred until the mixture was uniform to obtain component B.

[0047] When using on site, mix component A and component B according to the weight ratio; use a mechanical mixer to stir at medium speed for 3-5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing, and let it stand for 5 minutes before use; apply the mixed material to the surface of steel bars and concrete poles by airless high-pressure spraying or roller coating.

[0048] Comparative Example 1

[0049] To prepare a polymer material for improving the quality of concrete poles, waterborne epoxy resin and deionized water were added to a reactor. First, aliphatic glycidyl ether, a wetting and leveling agent, and half of the defoamer were added sequentially under low-speed stirring. Then, nano-silica was slowly added while gradually increasing the stirring speed to disperse the mixture until it was uniform and free of particles. Subsequently, the stirring speed was switched to low speed and vacuum was applied to remove air bubbles, yielding component A. The remaining half of the defoamer was added to the waterborne epoxy curing agent under low-speed stirring and stirred until uniformly mixed, yielding component B.

[0050] When using on site, mix component A and component B according to the weight ratio; use a mechanical mixer to stir at medium speed for 3-5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing, and let it stand for 5 minutes before use; apply the mixed material to the surface of steel bars and concrete poles by airless high-pressure spraying or roller coating.

[0051] Comparative Example 2

[0052] First, sulfonated polymethyl vinyl ether was prepared by placing 3g of polymethyl vinyl ether maleic anhydride in 80ml of N,N-dimethylformamide and oscillating it with ultrasonic waves at 500W for 1h. Then, 2.6g of 2-aminoethanesulfonic acid and 0.03g of ferric chloride were added, and the mixture was heated to 95℃ and stirred for 2h. Finally, low-boiling substances were removed by vacuum distillation to obtain sulfonated polymethyl vinyl ether.

[0053] Then, pyrophosphate-modified kaolin was prepared, which included two steps: S1: 5g of kaolin was placed in 100ml of deionized water, ultrasonically dispersed for 10min, and then 3g of triammonium citrate was added. The mixture was heated to 45℃ and stirred for 3h. After filtration, washing, and drying, triammonium citrate-modified kaolin was obtained. S2: 5.5g of the above triammonium citrate-modified kaolin was placed in 120ml of anhydrous ethanol, ultrasonically dispersed for 5min, and then 5g of pyrophosphate and 3g of cyclohexane were added. After mixing evenly, the mixture was heated to reflux for 8h. After cooling to room temperature, the product was collected to obtain pyrophosphate-modified kaolin.

[0054] Comparative Example 3

[0055] First, a multi-armed star-shaped polymer was prepared. In a dry reaction vessel, initiator molecules, cuprous bromide, hydrogen-containing acrylate siloxane monomers, and solvent were added. After three freeze-thaw degassing cycles, N,N,N',N',N''-pentamethyldiethylenetriamine ligand dispersed in anisole was added under nitrogen or argon purging. The reaction was carried out at 50-60°C for 2-3 hours. After the reaction was completed, oxygen was introduced under an ice-water bath to terminate the reaction. The mixture was passed through a silica gel column to remove the catalyst, and the filtrate was precipitated in a methanol-water solution to obtain... To obtain a multi-armed star polymer precursor; in a separate dry reaction vessel, dissolve the above precursor, allyltrimethylammonium chloride, and allyl glycidyl ether in dry toluene, degas three times by freeze-thaw, and then add a caster catalyst (0.1-0.3% of the total amount of allyltrimethylammonium chloride and allyl glycidyl ether) under nitrogen or argon purging. Stir the reaction at 55-65°C for 2-3 hours. Remove the catalyst and solvent from the reaction product by passing it through a silica gel column to obtain the multi-armed star polymer.

[0056] Then, the defoamer is prepared by mixing the above-mentioned multi-arm star polymer with a co-emulsifier, heating to 60-80°C and stirring at 300-400 rpm for 10-15 min to obtain an oil phase; heating deionized water to 60-80°C, slowly adding the above oil phase, stirring at 1500-2000 rpm for 25-35 min, controlling the pH of the system to 6.0-7.5, and cooling to room temperature to obtain the defoamer.

[0057] When using, mix cement, silica fume and sand according to the mixing ratio and stir for 1-5 minutes. Add water and stir for 2-5 minutes, then add water-reducing agent and continue stirring for 2-10 minutes. Then slowly add steel fiber and the above-mentioned defoamer and stir for 2-10 minutes before discharging. After the steel reinforcement skeleton is installed in the mold, it is poured, centrifuged and steamed at normal pressure. After demolding, a silicon-based reactive waterproof coating is sprayed on the surface of the pole.

[0058] Experimental Example 1

[0059] Concrete test blocks with embedded reinforcing bars were prepared and coated with the materials of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, as well as a blank control group, with at least three parallel samples in each group. A rapid chloride ion migration coefficient test was conducted. The test blocks were cut into slices of a specific thickness, vacuum-saturated with water, and placed in a test apparatus. One side was coated with a 3% sodium chloride solution, and the other side with a 0.3 mol / L sodium hydroxide solution. A 30V DC voltage was applied, and the test duration was determined based on the initial current. After the test, the sample was split open, sprayed with a 0.1 mol / L silver nitrate solution for color development, and the chloride ion penetration depth was measured to calculate the migration coefficient. Simultaneously, an electrochemical test was conducted. The coated test blocks were immersed in a 3.5% sodium chloride solution, and the open circuit potential was monitored using an electrochemical workstation. After a certain period of 28 days, the potentiodynamic polarization curve was scanned to calculate the corrosion current density to evaluate the corrosion rate.

[0060] Experimental results are as follows Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, all samples from Examples 1-3 exhibited superior protective performance compared to those from Comparative Examples 1-3. Their chloride ion migration coefficient was significantly reduced, their corrosion current density was greatly decreased, and their open circuit potential remained within the positive range. This demonstrates that the material can effectively inhibit chloride ion penetration and significantly improve the protection effect on reinforced concrete poles, verifying its excellent comprehensive protective performance.

[0061] Experiment Example 2

[0062] First, concrete test blocks coated with polymer materials were prepared. The materials of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, as well as the blank control group, were coated respectively, with at least three parallel samples in each group. Cracks of 0.1-0.3 mm were induced in the sample materials using a mechanical testing machine. The cracked samples were then placed in a humid environment with a relative humidity greater than 90% for 7 days to simulate water contact conditions and promote the hydrolysis and migration of active substances. After that, a second impermeability test was conducted to measure the chloride ion migration coefficient and the water seepage height. The surface hydrophobicity test measured the water droplet contact angle in the crack area and observed the corrosion of the steel bars. The test was repeated three times for each sample, and the average value of the results was taken.

[0063] Experimental results are as follows Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, after induced cracking and repair curing, the impermeability and surface hydrophobicity of the samples coated with the modified silane benzimidazole ester material in Examples 1-3 were enhanced, while the degree of steel corrosion was relatively mild. In contrast, the samples in Comparative Examples 1-3 showed poor impermeability, hydrophilic surface, and severe steel corrosion after cracking. These results indicate that the material in Examples 1-3 has the function of delaying crack growth and has a continuous protective effect on concrete and steel.

[0064] Experimental Example 3

[0065] Concrete pole samples coated with polymer materials were prepared. The materials of Examples 1-3 and Comparative Examples 1-3, as well as the blank control group, were coated respectively, with at least three parallel samples in each group. First, an initial adhesion test was performed, and the tensile strength and failure mode were recorded using an adhesion tester. Then, the poles were aged under ultraviolet light for 500 hours. Next, they were immersed in 5% sulfuric acid solution and saturated calcium hydroxide solution for 30 days to simulate harsh environments. Finally, a final adhesion test was performed, and the adhesion retention rate was calculated and the surface condition of the coating was observed. This verified the excellent interfacial bonding and durability brought by the modified silane benzimidazole ester. The test was repeated three times for each sample, and the average value of the results was taken.

[0066] Experimental results are as follows Figure 5As shown, all samples from Examples 1-3 exhibited excellent initial adhesion, and after UV aging and chemical corrosion, the adhesion retention rate was extremely high, the coating surface was relatively intact, and they demonstrated excellent durability and stable protective effect. The performance of Comparative Example 1 decreased significantly, and the coating showed serious deterioration. The performance retention and surface condition of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 were between those of Examples and Comparative Example 1, indicating that the formulations of Examples have significant advantages.

[0067] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0068] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

[0069] The present invention and its embodiments have been described above. This description is not restrictive, and the accompanying drawings are only one embodiment of the present invention; the actual structure is not limited thereto. In conclusion, if those skilled in the art are inspired by this description and design similar structures and embodiments without departing from the spirit of the invention, such designs should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles, characterized in that: The raw materials include the following parts by weight: 100 parts waterborne epoxy resin, 20-35 parts waterborne epoxy curing agent, 5-15 parts aliphatic glycidyl ether, 3-10 parts hydrophobic nano silica, 0.1-0.5 parts organosilicon defoamer, 0.2-1.0 parts polyether modified wetting and leveling agent, 10-25 parts deionized water, and 0.8-1.5 parts modified silane benzimidazole ester.

2. The polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the modified silane benzimidazole ester includes the following steps: (1) Add 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid to a three-necked flask, then add anhydrous ethanol in proportion, heat and stir until the carboxylic acid raw material dissolves to form a suspension; (2) Add tetrabutylammonium bromide to the suspension, and slowly add silane reagent while maintaining the temperature and stirring continuously. After the addition is completed, heat the system to the reflux temperature of ethanol and maintain the reaction. (3) After the reaction is complete, the solution is cooled to room temperature naturally, and then the ethanol solvent is removed by vacuum distillation to obtain a viscous, light yellow oil. Ice water is added to the oil and the mixture is stirred vigorously until a white solid product is precipitated. Then, the residue and impurities are removed by vacuum filtration and dried to obtain the target product.

3. The polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles according to claim 2, characterized in that: In step (1), the mass ratio of 2-phenylbenzimidazole-5-carboxylic acid to anhydrous ethanol is (5-15):

50.

4. The polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles according to claim 3, characterized in that: In step (1), the stirring temperature is 48-52℃.

5. A polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles according to claim 4, characterized in that: In step (2), the silane reagent is one of 3-glycidyl etheroxypropyltrimethoxysilane, 3-glycidyl etheroxypropyltriethoxysilane, and 2-3,4-epoxycyclohexylethyltrimethoxysilane.

6. A polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles according to claim 5, characterized in that: In step (2), the ethanol reflux temperature is 76-80℃.

7. A polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles according to claim 6, characterized in that: In step (3), the temperature set for the vacuum distillation step is 45-55℃.

8. The polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: The method for preparing the polymer material that improves the quality of concrete poles includes the following steps: Waterborne epoxy resin and deionized water are added to a reaction vessel. First, aliphatic glycidyl ether, wetting and leveling agent, and half of the defoamer are added sequentially under low-speed stirring. Then, nano-silica and modified silane benzimidazole ester are slowly added while gradually increasing the stirring speed to continuously disperse until the system is uniform and free of particles. Subsequently, the stirring speed is switched to low speed and vacuum is applied to remove bubbles, resulting in component A. The other half of the defoamer is added to the waterborne epoxy curing agent under low-speed stirring and stirred until uniformly mixed, resulting in component B. Components A and B are then mixed for application.

9. A polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles according to claim 8, characterized in that: The construction method includes the following steps: When using on site, mix component A and component B according to the weight ratio; use a mechanical mixer to stir at medium speed for 3-5 minutes to ensure uniform mixing, and let it stand for 5 minutes before use; apply the mixed material to the surface of steel bars and concrete poles by airless high-pressure spraying or roller coating.

10. A polymer material for improving the quality of concrete utility poles according to claim 9, characterized in that: The weight ratio of component A to component B is 100:(26-30).

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