A core-pulling-free climbing formwork for large-volume caisson offshore wet dock cast-in-situ construction

Abstract

The application discloses a core-pulling-free climbing formwork template for large-volume caisson offshore wet dock cast-in-situ construction and relates to the technical field of port and marine water conservancy engineering. The template comprises a radial sliding table, a main hydraulic cylinder, a frame back ridge and a plurality of arc surface templates, wherein the radial connecting line on the top surface of the radial sliding table is hingedly connected with one end of the main hydraulic cylinder and the bottom end of the frame back ridge; the other end of the main hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected with the top end of the frame back ridge; the two ends of the frame back ridge are respectively arc length adjusted and axially misaligned to support the arc surface templates; the contact surfaces of the two adjacent arc surface templates are symmetrically formed as sliding inclined surfaces with the center of the climbing formwork template as the original point, and the pouring arc length of a single climbing formwork template is adjusted by the axial misalignment difference value of the two adjacent arc surface templates. The template can adjust the pouring arc length of a single template in the construction of a super-large hollow cone caisson, so that the inner and outer diameters of the circular annular pouring area surrounded by the multiple templates can be steplessly adjusted.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of port and marine water conservancy engineering, and particularly relates to a core-pulling-free climbing formwork template for large-volume caisson offshore wet dock cast-in-place construction. BACKGROUND

[0002] In port and marine engineering construction, large caissons are widely used as an important foundation structure. Traditional large caissons are mostly prefabricated in dry docks and then floated and sunk, but this method is limited by the size, cost and geographical location of the dry dock. The offshore wet dock cast-in-place technology directly constructs a temporary cofferdam (wet dock) in a selected area on the sea, and pours the caisson in the cofferdam, which can effectively overcome the above-mentioned shortcomings.

[0003] However, the offshore wet dock environment is harsh (high salt spray, high humidity, and strong wind and waves), and the caisson volume is huge, and is often designed as a hollow cone with variable cross-section to save concrete consumption and adapt to the stress distribution of the foundation. This puts high requirements on the formwork system, which is the core equipment of cast-in-place construction: first, the formwork needs to have a climbing function to perform layer-by-layer pouring; second, the curvature arc length of the formwork must be able to flexibly adjust with the change of the caisson taper to adapt to the change of diameter at different elevations; third, in the wet dock environment where large land-based lifting equipment is lacking, the adjustment of the formwork must be convenient, accurate and reliable.

[0004] Existing climbing formwork technology is mostly used for vertical or fixed-curvature walls and is difficult to adapt to variable-diameter construction of a conical surface. If a scattered formwork is used, there are problems such as low construction efficiency, difficulty in linear control, poor sealing and easy leakage, which seriously affect the pouring quality, construction safety and progress of the caisson. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a special formwork system that integrates climbing, accurate arc length adjustment and conical surface self-adaptation functions. SUMMARY

[0005] The present application aims to at least solve one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, one object of the present application is to provide a core-pulling-free climbing formwork template for large-volume caisson offshore wet dock cast-in-place construction, which can adjust the pouring arc length of a single formwork in the construction of a super-large hollow cone caisson, so as to realize stepless adjustment of the inner and outer diameters of the circular annular pouring area surrounded by multiple formworks.

[0006] To this end, the application provides a core-pulling-free climbing formwork for cast-in-place construction of a large-volume caisson offshore wet dock, comprising a climbing formwork platform arranged circumferentially on the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of a hollow cone caisson, a radial sliding table, a main hydraulic cylinder, a frame back brace and a plurality of arc-shaped formworks, wherein the radial sliding table is horizontally and radially slid onto the construction surface of the climbing formwork platform, and one end of the main hydraulic cylinder and the bottom end of the frame back brace are respectively hinged and supported on the radial connecting line on the top surface of the radial sliding table; the other end of the main hydraulic cylinder is hinged and supports the top end of the frame back brace; the two ends of the frame back brace are respectively arc length adjusted and axially misaligned to support the arc-shaped formworks; the contact surfaces of the adjacent two arc-shaped formworks are designed as sliding inclined surfaces symmetrically about the center of the climbing formwork as the original point, and the pouring arc length of the single climbing formwork is adjusted by the axial misalignment difference of the adjacent two arc-shaped formworks.

[0007] Preferably, the frame back brace comprises axial connecting rods, a connecting rod angle positioning plate, and a set of arc length adjustment beams above and below; a plurality of axial connecting rods are fixedly connected between the arc length adjustment beams, and the radial fixed connecting rod angle positioning plate is matched by the plurality of axial connecting rods; the power output end of the main hydraulic cylinder is hinged and supported on the connecting rod angle positioning plate; and the two ends of the arc length adjustment beams are respectively arc length adjusted and axially misaligned to support the two arc-shaped formworks.

[0008] Preferably, the arc length adjustment beam comprises an arc-shaped square steel pipe fixedly connected at the two ends of the axial connecting rod, and an arc-shaped square steel column slidingly and telescopically inserted into the two arc end portions of the arc-shaped square steel pipe; the free ends of the arc-shaped square steel column are respectively radially penetrated and threadedly fixedly connected with radial screws, and the free ends of the radial screws are axially slidingly adjusted and hung with the arc-shaped formworks.

[0009] Preferably, the side surface of the arc-shaped formwork facing the climbing formwork platform is fixedly provided with a plurality of axial guide rails, and the free ends of the radial screws are fixedly hung in the axial guide rails.

[0010] Preferably, the two ends of the arc-shaped square steel pipe are axially penetrated with a pin rod, the middle section of the pin rod is inserted into the interior of the arc-shaped square steel pipe and is inserted and positioned on the arc-shaped square steel column, so as to fix the arc length direction of the arc-shaped square steel pipe and the arc-shaped square steel columns at the two ends thereof.

[0011] Preferably, the free ends of the radial screws are inserted into the interior of the axial guide rail and are threadedly connected with radial lock nuts, and the end faces of the radial lock nuts are abutted against the inner walls of the axial guide rails to axially and radially lock the free ends of the radial screws in the interior of the axial guide rail.

[0012] The application has the advantages and technical effects that:

[0013] 1. Overall system benefits: The invention integrates the functions of climbing, radial movement, and arc length adjustment of the conical surface, successfully solving the technical problems of the arc surface formwork for the cast-in-place large-volume conical caisson in the complex environment of the offshore wet dock. The entire system is rigid and stable, can effectively resist the lateral pressure of concrete and sea wind load, ensure the precision of the pouring body shape and smooth surface, and greatly improve the construction quality, efficiency and safety.

[0014] 2. Function of radial sliding table: The radial sliding table is the basis for radial displacement adjustment of the entire arc surface formwork system. Its horizontal radial sliding design on the climbing platform enables the entire frame back and the arc surface formwork to move along the radial direction of the caisson. This function allows the same set of arc surface formwork to be poured or demoulded by moving forward or backward as a whole, and also preliminarily adapts to the changing diameter of the caisson at different pouring heights (similar to the pouring of variable cross-section cones such as hourglass-shaped), laying the foundation for subsequent arc length fine adjustment.

[0015] 3. Function of main hydraulic cylinder and hinge point: The main hydraulic cylinder and its stable hinged support system with the radial sliding table and the frame back form a triangle, which is the core power and actuator for adjusting the angle of the arc surface formwork. By controlling the extension and retraction of the main hydraulic cylinder, the frame back can be rotated around the hinge point at its bottom, thereby changing its angle with the pitch. This action directly adjusts the inclination angle of the arc surface formwork connected at both ends of the frame back, enabling it to accurately fit the designed taper of the caisson, ensuring the forming accuracy of the conical structure.

[0016] 4. Function of frame back: The frame back (composed of axial link, link angle positioning plate, and arc length adjustment beam) is the back "skeleton" of the arc surface formwork. The axial link, link angle positioning plate, and arc length adjustment beam fixed at both ends of the axial link form a "day" shape structure, effectively transmitting and distributing the thrust of the main hydraulic cylinder to the entire frame, ensuring the overall rigidity of the arc surface formwork under the pressure of the concrete to avoid deformation. The arc length adjustment beam, as the extension arm of the skeleton arc end, is directly responsible for bearing and adjusting the circumferential position of the adjacent arc surface formwork.

[0017] 5. Function of arc length adjustment beam: The arc length adjustment beam (composed of arc-shaped square steel pipe and arc-shaped square steel column) is the key component for realizing stepless adjustment of arc length. By adjusting the protruding length of the arc-shaped square steel columns at both ends, the unfolded arc length of the entire arc length adjustment beam can be changed. This design enables the coverage arc length of the arc surface formwork to be flexibly and accurately adjusted to perfectly match the new pouring circumference determined after radial movement and angle adjustment, realizing the versatility of "one set of arc surface formwork for multiple diameters", greatly improving the utilization rate and economy of the equipment.

[0018] 6. The function of the sliding slope and the curved formwork: the sliding slope of the two adjacent curved formworks slides and fits when the arc length is adjusted. When the axial displacement of the two adjacent curved formworks occurs, the symmetrical sliding slopes slide with each other. The displacement is converted into the increase or decrease of the arc length of the curved formwork. This structure converts the linear axial displacement into the precise arc length change. The adjustment process is smooth, continuous and self-locking, which ensures that the joint is always tight and effectively prevents the leakage of the slurry.

[0019] 7. The function of the radial screw and the axial guide rail: the radial screw and the axial guide rail constitute the axial displacement positioning and supporting mechanism of the curved formwork. The radial screw can be screwed in or out to finely adjust the radial position of the curved formwork, ensuring that the working surface of the curved formwork is on the designed theoretical curved surface. At the same time, the radial screw can slide along the axial guide rail, which allows the axial displacement adjustment of the single curved formwork and is the basis for the sliding slope adjustment (i.e. the arc length adjustment) described above. This system realizes the fine control of the position of each curved formwork.

[0020] 8. The function of the pin rod and the radial lock nut: the pin rod provides rigid mechanical locking for the arc length adjustment beam. After the adjustment is completed, the pin rod is inserted to firmly fix the arc-shaped square steel column and the arc-shaped square steel pipe, bearing the huge shear force and bending moment generated during the pouring of concrete, ensuring that the arc length parameter remains stable during construction. The radial lock nut is used to lock the radial screw. Tightening the lock nut makes its end surface tightly abut against the inner wall of the axial guide rail to constrain and fix the radial screw in the radial and axial directions, finally locking the curved formwork in the preset position and ensuring the overall rigidity and stability of the system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the drawings needed to be used in the embodiments or prior art description. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0022] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the construction position of the present application;

[0023] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application (the curved formwork is in a non-displacement state, and the outer arc formwork structure);

[0024] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the present application (the curved formwork is in a displacement state, and the outer arc formwork structure);

[0025] Figure 4 It is a radial side view of the present application (the curved formwork is in a non-displacement state, and the outer arc formwork structure, the main hydraulic cylinder is not shown);

[0026] Figure 5 Figure 4 is a tangential side view (outer arc formwork structure) of the present application;

[0027] Figure 6 Figure 5 is an axial sectional view (showing the arc length adjustment beam and axial guide rail sectional structure) of the present application;

[0028] Figure 7 Figure 6 is a multi-pose tangential side view (poured arc length gradually reduced from bottom to top, main hydraulic cylinder not shown) of the present application;

[0029] In the figure: 1 - climbing formwork; 2 - hollow cone caisson; 3 - climbing platform; 4 - radial sliding table; 5 - sliding slope; 6 - arc formwork; 7 - axial guide rail; 8 - radial screw; 9 - arc square steel column; 10 - arc square steel pipe; 11 - pin rod; 12 - connecting rod angle positioning plate; 13 - axial connecting rod; 14 - radial lock nut; 15 - main hydraulic cylinder; 16 - arc length adjustment beam. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0030] The embodiments of the present application are described in detail below, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar notations represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below by reference to the drawings are exemplary only, and are used only for explanation of the present application, and cannot be understood as a limitation of the present application.

[0031] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "mounting", "connection", "connecting" should be understood broadly, for example, it can be fixed connection, or detachable connection, or integrally connected; it can be mechanical connection, or electrical connection; it can be directly connected, or indirectly connected through intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements or the interaction relationship between two elements. For those skilled in the art, the specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood according to the specific circumstances.

[0032] The present application will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings.

[0033] As Figures 1-7As shown, the core-pulling-free climbing formwork 1 for the cast-in-place construction of a large-volume caisson offshore wet dock of the present application comprises a climbing formwork platform 3 arranged circumferentially on the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of a hollow cone caisson 2, a radial sliding table 4, a main hydraulic cylinder 15, a frame back brace, and a plurality of arc-shaped formworks 6. The radial sliding table is horizontally and radially slid onto the construction surface of the climbing formwork platform, and one end of the main hydraulic cylinder and the bottom end of the frame back brace are respectively hingedly supported on the radial connecting line on the top surface of the radial sliding table. The other end of the main hydraulic cylinder hingedly supports the top end of the frame back brace. The two ends of the frame back brace are respectively arc length adjusted and axially misaligned to support the arc-shaped formworks. The contact surfaces of the adjacent two arc-shaped formworks are designed as sliding inclined surfaces 5 symmetrically about the center of the climbing formwork, and the pouring arc length of the single climbing formwork is adjusted by the axial misalignment difference of the adjacent two arc-shaped formworks.

[0034] Preferably, the frame back brace comprises axial connecting rods 13, connecting rod angle positioning plates 12, and a set of upper and lower arc length adjusting beams 16. A plurality of axial connecting rods are fixedly connected between the arc length adjusting beams, and the radial fixed connecting rod angle positioning plates are cooperated with the plurality of axial connecting rods. The power output end of the main hydraulic cylinder is hingedly supported on the connecting rod angle positioning plates. The two ends of the arc length adjusting beams are respectively arc length adjusted and axially misaligned to support the two arc-shaped formworks.

[0035] Preferably, the arc length adjusting beam comprises arc-shaped square steel pipes 10 fixedly connected at the two ends of the axial connecting rods, and arc-shaped square steel columns 9 slidably and telescopically inserted into the two arc end portions of the arc-shaped square steel pipes. The free ends of the arc-shaped square steel columns are respectively radially penetrated and threadedly fixedly connected with radial screws 8, and the free ends of the radial screws are axially slidably adjusted and hung to the arc-shaped formworks.

[0036] Preferably, a plurality of axial guide rails 7 are fixedly arranged on the side of the arc-shaped formwork facing the climbing formwork platform, and the free ends of the radial screws are fixedly hung to the axial guide rails.

[0037] Preferably, pin rods 11 are axially penetrated and connected at the two ends of the arc-shaped square steel pipes, and the middle sections of the pin rods are inserted into the arc-shaped square steel pipes and inserted and positioned on the arc-shaped square steel columns to fix the arc length direction of the arc-shaped square steel pipes and the arc-shaped square steel columns at the two ends thereof.

[0038] Preferably, the free ends of the radial screws are inserted into the axial guide rails and threadedly connected with radial lock nuts 14, and the end faces of the radial lock nuts are abutted against the inner walls of the axial guide rails to axially and radially lock the free ends of the radial screws in the axial guide rails.

[0039] In addition, preferably, the present application is that the both ends of the main hydraulic cylinder are connected with the radial sliding table and the hinge connection of the angle positioning plate of the connecting rod, which is pin shaft connection. Similarly, the hinge connection between the bottom of the frame back and the radial sliding table is also pin shaft connection. The pin shaft connection is a mature technology in the prior art. The main hydraulic cylinder provides power for the multi-arc surface template to provide the functions of pitch angle adjustment and pitch angle positioning. The pin shaft connection uses the mature technology in the prior art.

[0040] In addition, preferably, the present application is that the climbing formwork platform is a mature product in the prior art, and the radial sliding table for supporting the radial sliding of the top of the climbing formwork platform is also a mature product in the prior art. The sliding connection between the two is a mature technology in the prior art.

[0041] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present application, an embodiment is provided as follows:

[0042] As shown in Figure 1 An embodiment of the present application includes a climbing formwork platform arranged around the inner and outer of the caisson. A plurality of core-drawing-free climbing formwork template units are arranged circumferentially along the platform. Each unit includes a radial sliding table which is connected to the platform by an axial guide rail sliding block mechanism in the prior art. The radial one end of the top surface of the radial sliding table is hingedly connected to the bottom end of the frame back, and the radial other end is hingedly connected to the end of the cylinder body of the main hydraulic cylinder. The top end of the piston rod of the main hydraulic cylinder is hingedly connected to the angle positioning plate of the connecting rod in the middle of the frame back.

[0043] The frame back is welded into an integral frame by two parallel arc length adjustment beams and a plurality of axial connecting rods. The angle positioning plate of the connecting rod is welded and fixed on the axial connecting rod. Each arc length adjustment beam is composed of an arc-shaped square steel tube and two arc-shaped square steel columns inserted from both ends. The arc-shaped square steel column can be manually drawn and adjusted, and is fixed by the pin hole and the pin rod.

[0044] The free end of each arc-shaped square steel column penetrates and is threadedly connected with a radial screw rod. The pouring back of each arc surface template is welded with two axial guides of different heights. The free end of the radial screw rod is inserted into the axial guide, and the radial screw rod is clamped and fixed inside the axial guide by screwing the radial lock nut thereon. After loosening the lock nut, the axial position of the arc surface template can be adjusted by sliding, and the radial position of the arc surface template can be finely adjusted by rotating the radial screw rod. After adjustment, the lock nut is tightened.

[0045] The abutting edges of the two adjacent arc surface templates are processed into sliding inclined surfaces which symmetrically extend from the midpoint. When the arc length needs to be increased, one template is slid along the axial guide to one side, and the inclined surface will push away the adjacent template, so that the two templates are misaligned to realize stepless adjustment of the total arc length of the two adjacent arc surface templates. As shown in Figure 7 The reverse operation reduces the arc length.

[0046] During construction, firstly, the formwork unit is moved to the target radial position by the radial sliding table. Then, the main hydraulic cylinder is started to push the frame back to the designed inclination angle. Next, the pouring arc length of the arc surface formwork is adjusted by pulling out the arc square steel column and inserting the pin rod. Finally, the axial height difference between the two arc surface formworks is adjusted by reversing the sliding of the two arc surface formworks, and the arc length is finely adjusted and closed by the sliding slope. After adjustment, all the movable parts are locked by the pin rod and radial lock nut, and then the concrete pouring can be carried out. After the pouring of the current layer is completed, the climbing formwork platform is climbed up by one layer, and the above process is repeated to carry out the concrete pouring construction of the subsequent hollow cone caisson from bottom to top (the diameter of the cone gradually decreases).

[0047] Finally, the unexplained parts of the present application all adopt mature products and mature technical means in the prior art.

[0048] The above describes the present application and its embodiments, which are not limited, and the shown in the drawings is only one of the embodiments of the present application, and the actual structure is not limited thereto. In summary, if a person skilled in the art is inspired thereby, without departing from the purpose of the present application, without creative design, similar structure and embodiments to the technical solution can be designed, which shall belong to the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A core-free climbing formwork for cast-in-place construction of large-volume caissons in offshore wet docks, comprising a climbing formwork platform arranged circumferentially on the inner and outer circumferential surfaces of a hollow conical caisson, characterized in that: The climbing formwork further comprises a radial sliding table, a main hydraulic cylinder, a frame backrest and a plurality of arc surface formworks, wherein the radial sliding table is horizontally and radially slidably connected to the construction surface of the climbing formwork platform, and one end of the main hydraulic cylinder and the bottom end of the frame backrest are respectively hingedly supported on the radial connecting line on the top surface of the radial sliding table; the other end of the main hydraulic cylinder hingedly supports the top end of the frame backrest; the two ends of the frame backrest are respectively arc length adjusted and axially misaligned to support the arc surface formworks; the contact surfaces of the adjacent two arc surface formworks are designed as sliding inclined surfaces symmetrically with respect to the center of the climbing formwork platform, and the pouring arc length of the single climbing formwork is adjusted by the axial misalignment difference of the adjacent two arc surface formworks. The frame backrest comprises axial connecting rods, a connecting rod angle positioning plate and a set of upper and lower arc length adjusting beams; a plurality of axial connecting rods are fixedly connected between the arc length adjusting beams, and the axial connecting rods cooperate with the radial fixed connecting rod angle positioning plate; the power output end of the main hydraulic cylinder is hingedly supported on the connecting rod angle positioning plate; the two ends of the arc length adjusting beam are respectively arc length adjusted and axially misaligned to support the two arc surface formworks. The arc length adjusting beam comprises an arc-shaped square steel pipe fixedly connected to the two ends of the axial connecting rod, and an arc-shaped square steel column slidably and telescopically inserted into the two arc end portions of the arc-shaped square steel pipe; the free ends of the arc-shaped square steel column are each radially penetrated and threadedly fixedly connected with a radial screw rod, and the free ends of the radial screw rods are each axially slidably adjusted and hung to the arc surface formwork.

2. The core-drawing-free climbing formwork for in-situ construction of a large-volume caisson offshore wet dock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The side of the arc surface formwork facing the climbing formwork platform is fixedly provided with a plurality of axial guide rails, and the free ends of the radial screw rods are hung and fixed in the axial guide rails.

3. The core-drawing-free climbing formwork for in-situ construction of a large-volume caisson offshore wet dock according to claim 1, characterized in that: The two ends of the arc-shaped square steel pipe are axially penetrated with a pin rod, the middle section of the pin rod is inserted into the arc-shaped square steel pipe and is inserted and positioned on the arc-shaped square steel column, so as to fix the arc-shaped square steel pipe and the arc-shaped square steel columns at the two ends of the arc-shaped square steel pipe in the arc length direction.

4. The core-drawing-free climbing formwork for in-situ construction of a large-volume caisson offshore wet dock according to claim 2, characterized in that: The free end of the radial screw rod is inserted into the axial guide rail and is threadedly connected with a radial lock nut, and the end face of the radial lock nut is abutted on the inner wall of the axial guide rail to axially and radially lock the free end of the radial screw rod in the axial guide rail.

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