Vertical-axis wind turbine

Abstract

A vertical axis wind turbine is characterized by comprising a base, a rail, a rail car, blades, a transmission frame, a hub, a bearing, a cabin wall, a motor and a transmission device. Wherein the base comprises a central supporting body and a plurality of circles of circle position supporting bodies which are arranged in the circumferential direction of the central supporting body, a bearing platform is arranged on the upper portions of the circle position supporting bodies and the central supporting body, and / or an operation layer is arranged on the lower portion of the bearing platform, and / or a lower connecting body is arranged on the lower portion of the operation layer, and the lower portions of the circle position supporting bodies and the central supporting body are mutually connected; the cabin wall is fixed in the center of the bearing platform surface, the track is fixed on the bearing platform at the top of the ring position supporting body, the rail cars are arranged on the track, the blades are fastened at the upper parts of the rail cars, and the rail cars in the same ring as well as the rail cars in the radius direction of the inner ring and the outer ring and the hub are fastened and connected through connecting rods of the transmission frame; one end of the transmission device is connected with the bearing or the hub, the motor is connected with the other end of the transmission device, or the motor is directly connected with the bearing or the hub.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wind power engines, and in particular to a vertical axis wind power engine. Background Technology

[0002] Wind power, as a clean and renewable energy source, has experienced rapid development.

[0003] Currently, three-bladed horizontal axis wind turbines have been installed on land, nearshore, and offshore. In order to obtain more energy and generate greater power, the blades need to have a larger sweeping area, which means that the nacelle needs to be installed at a higher height, mostly above 100 meters. The rotor of a 5MW horizontal axis wind turbine weighs more than 100 tons, the nacelle weighs more than 100 tons, and a single tower section weighs more than 50 tons. The high height and great weight determine that the center of gravity of the horizontal axis wind turbine is located high, which causes inconvenience in installation and maintenance, and increases the difficulty and cost of construction.

[0004] Vertical axis wind turbines have a lower nacelle installation height compared to horizontal axis wind turbines. Their blades rotate around a vertical axis, resulting in a low center of gravity, reduced high-altitude operation requirements for installation and maintenance, and the elimination of the need for a yaw system to adjust the blades for wind alignment. While vertical axis wind turbines offer many advantages and theoretical benefits, most are currently small-scale models with diverse manufacturing styles. Large vertical axis wind turbines have not yet been commercialized. The inventors have identified this primarily as a result that the technology for vertical axis wind turbines has not yet been fully resolved. Large-scale construction would be difficult to achieve stable operation, and the return on investment cannot yet reach the level of horizontal axis wind turbines.

[0005] Without the resistance of terrain such as hills and buildings, the wind force at sea is significantly greater than that on land, resulting in wind energy output that is about 50% higher. Furthermore, calm wind periods are rare at sea, allowing for longer periods of offshore wind power generation. The winds in the deep sea are stronger and of better quality than those near the coast, and there is no visual obstruction issue compared to near-shore areas. However, once the water depth exceeds 50 meters, the cost of pile foundation construction increases dramatically with depth, while the cost increase for floating foundations is not significant. Therefore, further improvements to the technology of vertical axis wind turbines are needed to ensure stable operation when installed on land, nearshore, and offshore, which has become an urgent engineering problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to overcome the shortcomings of existing technologies, such as the high center of gravity of horizontal axis wind turbines, which require high-altitude installation and maintenance, and the relatively low power generation of vertical axis wind turbines, and to provide a high-power vertical axis wind turbine that can be installed on land, near the sea, or offshore.

[0007] The objective of this invention is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0008] A vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that it comprises: a base (1), a track (2), a railcar (3), blades (4), a transmission frame (5), a hub (6), a bearing (7), a nacelle wall (8), a motor (9), and a transmission device (10); wherein,

[0009] The base (1) includes: a central support (101), several concentric support bodies (102) arranged circumferentially around the central support (101), a platform (103) provided on the upper part of the concentric support bodies (102) and the central support (101), and / or a working layer (104) provided on the lower part of the platform (103), and / or a lower connecting body (105) provided on the lower part of the working layer (104) to connect the lower parts of the concentric support bodies (102) and the central support body (101) to each other.

[0010] The cabin wall (8) is fixed to the center of the support (103) surface.

[0011] The track (2) is fixed on the support platform (103) at the top of the ring support (102).

[0012] The railcar (3) is mounted on the track (2), and the blades (4) are fastened to the upper part of the railcar (3).

[0013] The connecting rod of the transmission frame (5) securely connects the inner and outer circumferential rail cars (3) to each other and to the wheel hub (6).

[0014] The hub (6) is located on the upper part of the nacelle wall (8) and a bearing (7) is installed in the middle of it.

[0015] One end of the transmission device (10) is connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6).

[0016] The motor (9) is connected to the other end of the transmission device (10), or the motor (9) is directly connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6).

[0017] The advantages and beneficial effects of this invention are:

[0018] 1. Based on construction needs, the type of foundation can be selected according to the construction location (land, near sea, or offshore), making it suitable for wind power generation in areas with abundant wind energy resources on land, near sea, and offshore.

[0019] 2. The circular column experiences uniform force in the circumference, with its center of gravity at the center of the circle. The structure has a low center of gravity and can be unconditionally stable.

[0020] 3. It can capture wind energy from any direction;

[0021] 4. The single-unit output power is relatively large;

[0022] 5. Reduce carbon emissions and provide green energy. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on the structures shown in these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0026] Figure 3 This is a floating three-dimensional schematic diagram of the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the nacelle of the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention. Figure 1 .

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the nacelle of the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention. Figure 2 .

[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the nacelle of the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the nacelle of the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention. Figure 4 .

[0031] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the nacelle of the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention. Figure 5 .

[0032] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the nacelle of the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention. Figure 6 .

[0033] Figure 10 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the nacelle of the vertical axis wind turbine of the present invention. Figure 7 . Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be preferably described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0035] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indicators (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indicators are only used to explain the relative positional relationship and movement of the components in a specific posture. If the specific posture changes, the directional indicators will also change accordingly.

[0036] Furthermore, if the embodiments of this invention involve descriptions such as "first" or "second," these descriptions are for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined with "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of those features. Additionally, if "and / or" or "and / or" appears throughout the text, it includes three parallel solutions. For example, "A and / or B" includes solution A, solution B, or a solution that simultaneously satisfies solutions A and B. Furthermore, the technical solutions of the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the ability of those skilled in the art to implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or impossible to implement, it should be considered that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection claimed by this invention.

[0037] like Figure 1 , 2 As shown in numbers 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10,

[0038] Example 1

[0039] like Figure 1 , 4As shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, a vertical axis wind turbine of one embodiment includes: a base (1), a track (2), a railcar (3), blades (4), a transmission frame (5), a hub (6), a bearing (7), a nacelle wall (8), a motor (9), and a transmission device (10). The nacelle includes a nacelle wall (8) and a hub (6), with the hub (6) serving as the nacelle's roof. The base (1) includes: a central support body (101), and several ring-shaped support bodies (102) arranged circumferentially around the central support body (101). A platform (103) is provided on the upper part of the ring-shaped support bodies (102) and the central support body (101). The wall (8) is fixed in the center of the platform (103), the track (2) is fixed on the platform (103) at the top of the ring support (102), the railcar (3) is set on the track (2), the upper part of the railcar (3) is fastened with blades (4), the connecting rod of the transmission frame (5) is fastened between the same ring railcar (3) and between the inner and outer ring radii of the railcar (3) and the hub (6), the hub (6) is located on the upper part of the cabin wall (8) and a bearing (7) is provided in the middle, one end of the transmission device (10) is connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6), the motor (9) is connected to the other end of the transmission device (10), or the motor (9) is directly connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6).

[0040] In an optional embodiment, the wind turbine includes: blades (4), railcar (3), transmission frame (5), hub (6) and bearing (7); the hub (6) and bearing (7) are part of the wind turbine of the vertical axis wind engine, and the rotation axis of the hub (6) and bearing (7) is concentric, and the rotation angle is the same as that of the wind turbine.

[0041] In an optional implementation, the track (2) is a two-rail steel pipe or an I-beam track (2) or a flat steel plate, or the track is a two-rail steel pipe or an I-beam track (2) or a flat steel plate with a rack in the middle. The track (2) is a perfectly circular steel rail with the wind turbine shaft as the center. The number of turns of the track (2) is the same as the number of turns of the railcar (3). The bottom of the track (2) is provided with an elastic shock-absorbing support, a rubber or spring shock-absorbing support, which is fixed to the bearing platform (103) using fasteners. The distance between the outermost track (2) and the center axis of the central column is greater than 5 meters.

[0042] In an optional implementation, the railcars (3) are arranged on the upper part of several rings of track (2), with more than 3 railcars (3) on each ring of track (2) and evenly arranged in a circumferential direction; the railcars (3) are metal products, and the front, rear, inner and / or outer sides are connected to the connecting rods of the transmission frame (5). The upper part of the railcars (3) has a connecting part for connecting the flange and the blade (4), and the front and rear sides of the lower part of the railcars (3) are fastened to the load-bearing shafts; the load-bearing shafts are two steel shafts, and each load-bearing shaft fixes two steel wheels; the steel wheels are round steel wheels, and the steel wheels sit on the wheel rails of the track (2).

[0043] In optional embodiments, the blade (4) type includes: lift blade, and / or drag blade, and / or Magnus blade, and / or movable wing blade; the blades (4) in the same ring are of the same type, and the blades (4) in several rings are of the same or different types; the bottom of the blade (4) is provided with bolts or connecting pairs for connection with the railcar (3); the middle of the blade (4) is provided with connecting pairs and downleaders for connection with the transmission frame (5); the top of the blade (4) is provided with a lifting ring and lightning arrester for hoisting and mounting devices; the top of the blade (4) is inclined at an angle to the axis of rotation, or the blade (4) is parallel to the axis of rotation.

[0044] In an optional implementation, the transmission frame (5) includes a ring-position connecting rod connected to several rings of railcars (3), a ring-position connecting rod connected to several rings of blades (4), a radial connecting rod connected to the wheel hub (6), and an inclined angle connecting rod connected to the radial transmission rod of the blades (4); the connecting rods of the transmission frame (5) are made of materials including steel pipes, carbon fiber pipes, and trusses; the connecting rods of the transmission frame (5) are provided with telescopic fixing adjustment components.

[0045] In an optional implementation, the hub (6) is made of metal and includes: three or more circumferentially arrayed flanges connecting the transmission frame (5) to radial connecting rods; the bottom chassis is provided with several rings of flange connection holes (explained); the center of the chassis is provided with a brake disc and / or a gear disc and / or a center pin hole; when the hub (6) is equipped with a gear disc, the bearing (7) uses a toothless bearing, and the gear of the motor (9) is connected to the gear disc of the hub (6); the top of the hub (6) is provided with an aviation light, an anemometer, a bird deterrent, an ultrasonic anemometer, a lidar, and a lightning arrester; a sealing assembly is provided between the hub (6) and the cabin wall (8).

[0046] In an optional implementation, the bearing (7) is an internal gear slewing bearing or an internal gear slewing bearing, or a toothless bearing; the lower end of the bearing (7) is fixed to the top of the cabin wall (8), and the upper end of the bearing (7) is fixed to the flange at the bottom of the hub (6).

[0047] In an optional implementation, the motor (9) is installed in the engine compartment; the motor (9) and the transmission device (10) are connected to each other by key pins, gear meshing, or coupling, or the motor (9) is directly connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6) by gear meshing.

[0048] In an optional implementation, the nacelle bulkhead (8) is a cylindrical, polygonal, or frustum-shaped steel pipe with a wall thickness greater than 0.5 cm. The nacelle bulkhead (8) has a door, and a flange is provided at the top to connect the bearing (7) to support and fix the wheel hub (6). The bottom is provided to connect the center of the flange to the support platform (103). A slip ring fixing seat is provided at the upper shaft of the nacelle bulkhead (8). The nacelle bulkhead (8) is equipped with a hydraulic brake device, a motor (9), a converter cabinet, a power control cabinet, a telephone, an auxiliary transformer, a water tank, a water-cooled pump, a dehumidification and drying device, a temperature control device, a fire cabinet, a ladder, a platform, and lights. Several radiators are provided outside the nacelle bulkhead (8).

[0049] In an optional implementation, the transmission device (10) transmits the rotational motion and mechanical energy generated by the wind turbine to the motor (9) via the hub (6) or bearing (7). The wind turbine refers to a combination of blades (4), railcar (3), transmission frame (5), hub (6), and / or bearing (7).

[0050] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 10 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a gear disk (203). The gear teeth of the gear disk (203) mesh with the bearing (7) or the hub (6). The center of the gear disk (203) is fixedly connected to the rotor of the motor (9) using a pin key.

[0051] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a gear disk (203) and a gearbox (202). The gear teeth of the gear disk (203) mesh with the teeth of the bearing (7) or the hub (6). The center of the gear disk (203) is connected to one end of the gearbox (202), and the other end of the gearbox (202) is connected to the motor (9) by a coupling.

[0052] In an optional implementation, the transmission device (10) may be a key, and the center pin hole of the chassis of the hub (6) may be connected to the rotor of the motor (9) using a key.

[0053] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 5 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a vertical shaft (201), the flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6), and the shaft of the vertical shaft (201) is connected to the rotor of the motor (9) by a coupling.

[0054] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 4As shown, the transmission device (10) is a vertical shaft (201) and a gearbox (202). The flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6). The shaft of the vertical shaft (201) is connected to one end of the gearbox (202), and the other end of the gearbox (202) is connected to the rotor of the motor (9) by a coupling.

[0055] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 7 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a vertical shaft (201) and a gear disk (203). The flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6). The gear disk on the shaft of the vertical shaft (201) is meshed with the gear disk (203) on the rotor shaft of the motor (9).

[0056] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 6 As shown, the transmission device (10) consists of a vertical shaft (201), a gear disk (203), and a gearbox (202). The flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6). The gear disk on the shaft of the vertical shaft (201) meshes with the gear disk (203) on the shaft of the gearbox (202). The other end of the gearbox (202) is connected to the motor (9) using a coupling.

[0057] In an optional implementation, the number of central support bodies (101) is a single piece or a group of several pieces; the top of the central support body (101) is connected to a support platform (103); the structure of the central support body (101) is a solid body, the material is a cylindrical steel pipe, or a polygonal pipe, or reinforced concrete, and the shape is a cylinder, or a frustum, or a polygonal column.

[0058] In an optional implementation, the ring support (102) consists of several rings, with each ring having more than three groups. Each group of ring support (102) consists of a single column or two columns, evenly arranged around the central support (101) in a circumferential direction. The ring support (102) is a solid body, made of cylindrical steel pipe, polygonal pipe, or reinforced concrete, and is shaped as a cylinder, a frustum, or a polygonal column. The upper part of the ring support (102) is connected to a support platform (103). The outermost ring of the ring support (102) has a radius greater than 5 meters from the central support (101).

[0059] In an optional implementation, the distance between the ring support (102) and the central support (101) is determined by the design. The greater the distance between the ring support (102) and the central support (101), the greater the torque generated by the wind turbine at the top of the platform (103) under the same wind speed.

[0060] In an optional implementation, the platform (103) is level with the horizontal plane and includes several ring-shaped support platforms fixed on the upper part of several ring-shaped support bodies (102). A central support body (101) is provided on the top of a central support platform. The several ring-shaped support platforms are connected to the central support platform in a radial direction. The platform (103) has a truss structure, or an I-beam structure, or a box beam structure, or a steel structure, or a reinforced concrete structure. Several rings of rails (2) are provided on the upper part of the several ring-shaped support platforms. The ring-shaped support platforms are circular or polygonal. A cabin is provided on the upper part of the central support platform. A locking device is provided on the outer side of the outermost ring of rails (2) on the upper part of the platform (103).

[0061] In an optional embodiment, the base (1) of the vertical axis wind turbine also includes diagonal bracing and / or transverse bracing for connecting and fixing any two of the central support (101), the ring support (102), and the platform (103).

[0062] In an optional implementation, the central support (101) and the ring support (102) are located on the bearing layer of the foundation for a vertical axis wind turbine on land or near the sea.

[0063] Example 2:

[0064] like Figure 2 , 4 As shown in Figures 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, a vertical axis wind turbine of one embodiment includes: a base (1), a track (2), a railcar (3), blades (4), a transmission frame (5), a hub (6), a bearing (7), a nacelle wall (8), a motor (9), and a transmission device (10). The nacelle includes a nacelle wall (8) and a hub (6), with the hub (6) serving as the nacelle's roof. The base (1) includes: a central support body (101), and several ring-shaped support bodies (102) arranged circumferentially around the central support body (101). A platform (103) is provided on the upper part of the ring-shaped support bodies (102) and the central support body (101), and a lower part of the platform (103) is provided with... The working layer (104) has a cabin wall (8) fixed in the center of the platform (103). The track (2) is fixed on the platform (103) at the top of the ring support (102). The railcar (3) is set on the track (2). The upper part of the railcar (3) is fastened with blades (4). The connecting rod of the transmission frame (5) fastens the railcar (3) to the inner and outer ring radii and the wheel hub (6). The wheel hub (6) is located on the upper part of the cabin wall (8) and has a bearing (7) in the middle. One end of the transmission device (10) is connected to the bearing (7) or the wheel hub (6). The motor (9) is connected to the other end of the transmission device (10) or the motor (9) is directly connected to the bearing (7) or the wheel hub (6).

[0065] In an optional embodiment, the wind turbine includes: blades (4), railcar (3), transmission frame (5), hub (6) and bearing (7); the hub (6) and bearing (7) are part of the wind turbine of the vertical axis wind engine, and the rotation axis of the hub (6) and bearing (7) is concentric, and the rotation angle is the same as that of the wind turbine.

[0066] In an optional implementation, the track (2) is a two-rail steel pipe or an I-beam track (2) or a flat steel plate, or the track is a two-rail steel pipe or an I-beam track (2) or a flat steel plate with a rack in the middle. The track (2) is a perfectly circular steel rail with the wind turbine shaft as the center. The number of turns of the track (2) is the same as the number of turns of the railcar (3). The bottom of the track (2) is provided with an elastic shock-absorbing support, a rubber or spring shock-absorbing support, which is fixed to the bearing platform (103) using fasteners. The distance between the outermost track (2) and the center axis of the central column is greater than 5 meters.

[0067] In an optional implementation, the railcars (3) are arranged on the upper part of several rings of track (2), with more than 3 railcars (3) on each ring of track (2) and evenly arranged in a circumferential direction; the railcars (3) are metal products, and the front, rear, inner and / or outer sides are connected to the connecting rods of the transmission frame (5). The upper part of the railcars (3) has a connecting part for connecting the flange and the blade (4), and the front and rear sides of the lower part of the railcars (3) are fastened to the load-bearing shafts; the load-bearing shafts are two steel shafts, and each load-bearing shaft fixes two steel wheels; the steel wheels are round steel wheels, and the steel wheels sit on the wheel rails of the track (2).

[0068] In optional embodiments, the blade (4) type includes: lift blade, and / or drag blade, and / or Magnus blade, and / or movable wing blade; the blades (4) in the same ring are of the same type, and the blades (4) in several rings are of the same or different types; the bottom of the blade (4) is provided with bolts or connecting pairs for connection with the railcar (3); the middle of the blade (4) is provided with connecting pairs and downleaders for connection with the transmission frame (5); the top of the blade (4) is provided with a lifting ring and lightning arrester for hoisting and mounting devices; the top of the blade (4) is inclined at an angle to the axis of rotation, or the blade (4) is parallel to the axis of rotation.

[0069] In an optional implementation, the transmission frame (5) includes a ring-position connecting rod connected to several rings of railcars (3), a ring-position connecting rod connected to several rings of blades (4), a radial connecting rod connected to the wheel hub (6), and an inclined angle connecting rod connected to the radial transmission rod of the blades (4); the connecting rods of the transmission frame (5) are made of materials including steel pipes, carbon fiber pipes, and trusses; the connecting rods of the transmission frame (5) are provided with telescopic fixing adjustment components.

[0070] In an optional implementation, the hub (6) is made of metal and includes: three or more circumferentially arrayed flanges connecting the transmission frame (5) to radial connecting rods; the bottom chassis is provided with several rings of flange connection holes (explained); the center of the chassis is provided with a brake disc and / or a gear disc and / or a center pin hole; when the hub (6) is equipped with a gear disc, the bearing (7) uses a toothless bearing, and the gear of the motor (9) is connected to the gear disc of the hub (6); the top of the hub (6) is provided with an aviation light, an anemometer, a bird deterrent, an ultrasonic anemometer, a lidar, and a lightning arrester; a sealing assembly is provided between the hub (6) and the cabin wall (8).

[0071] In an optional implementation, the bearing (7) is an internal gear slewing bearing or an internal gear slewing bearing, or a toothless bearing; the lower end of the bearing (7) is fixed to the top of the cabin wall (8), and the upper end of the bearing (7) is fixed to the flange at the bottom of the hub (6).

[0072] In an optional implementation, the motor (9) is installed inside the engine room; the motor (9) and the transmission device (10) are connected to each other by key pins, gear meshing, or coupling, or the motor (9) is directly connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6) by gear meshing; the number of motors (9) is several, and when there is more than one, they are evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the engine room wall (8).

[0073] In an optional implementation, the nacelle bulkhead (8) is a cylindrical, polygonal, or frustum-shaped steel pipe with a wall thickness greater than 0.5 cm. The nacelle bulkhead (8) has a door, and a flange is provided at the top to connect the bearing (7) to support and fix the wheel hub (6). The bottom is provided to connect the center of the flange to the support platform (103). A slip ring fixing seat is provided at the upper shaft of the nacelle bulkhead (8). The nacelle bulkhead (8) is equipped with a hydraulic brake device, a motor (9), a converter cabinet, a power control cabinet, a telephone, an auxiliary transformer, a water tank, a water-cooled pump, a dehumidification and drying device, a temperature control device, a fire cabinet, a ladder, a platform, and lights. Several radiators are provided outside the nacelle bulkhead (8).

[0074] In an optional implementation, the transmission device (10) transmits the rotational motion and mechanical energy generated by the wind turbine to the motor (9) via the hub (6) or bearing (7). The wind turbine refers to a combination of blades (4), railcar (3), transmission frame (5), hub (6), and / or bearing (7).

[0075] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 10 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a gear disk (203). The gear teeth of the gear disk (203) mesh with the bearing (7) or the hub (6). The center of the gear disk (203) is fixedly connected to the rotor of the motor (9) using a pin key.

[0076] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a gear disk (203) and a gearbox (202). The gear teeth of the gear disk (203) mesh with the teeth of the bearing (7) or the hub (6). The center of the gear disk (203) is connected to one end of the gearbox (202), and the other end of the gearbox (202) is connected to the motor (9) by a coupling.

[0077] In an optional implementation, the transmission device (10) may be a key, and the center pin hole of the chassis of the hub (6) may be connected to the rotor of the motor (9) using a key.

[0078] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 5 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a vertical shaft (201), the flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6), and the shaft of the vertical shaft (201) is connected to the rotor of the motor (9) by a coupling.

[0079] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 4 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a vertical shaft (201) and a gearbox (202). The flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6). The shaft of the vertical shaft (201) is connected to one end of the gearbox (202), and the other end of the gearbox (202) is connected to the rotor of the motor (9) by a coupling.

[0080] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 7 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a vertical shaft (201) and a gear disk (203). The flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6). The gear disk on the shaft of the vertical shaft (201) is meshed with the gear disk (203) on the rotor shaft of the motor (9).

[0081] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 6 As shown, the transmission device (10) consists of a vertical shaft (201), a gear disk (203), and a gearbox (202). The flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6). The gear disk on the shaft of the vertical shaft (201) meshes with the gear disk (203) on the shaft of the gearbox (202). The other end of the gearbox (202) is connected to the motor (9) using a coupling.

[0082] In an optional implementation, the number of central support bodies (101) is a single piece or a group of several pieces; the top of the central support body (101) is connected to a support platform (103), and an operating table is connected to the middle of the central support body (101); the structure of the central support body (101) is a solid body, the material is a cylindrical steel pipe, or a polygonal pipe, or reinforced concrete, and the shape is a cylinder, or a frustum, or a polygonal column.

[0083] In an optional implementation, the ring support (102) consists of several rings, with each ring having more than three groups. Each group of ring support (102) consists of a single column or two columns, evenly arranged around the central support (101) circumferentially. The ring support (102) is solid, made of cylindrical steel pipe, polygonal pipe, or reinforced concrete, and is cylindrical, frustum, or polygonal column in shape. The upper part of the ring support (102) is connected to a support platform (103), and the middle part of the ring support (102) is connected to an operating platform. The outermost ring of the ring support (102) has a radius greater than 5 meters from the central support (101).

[0084] In an optional implementation, the distance between the ring support (102) and the central support (101) is determined by the design. The greater the distance between the ring support (102) and the central support (101), the greater the torque generated by the wind turbine at the top of the platform (103) under the same wind speed.

[0085] In an optional implementation, the platform (103) is level with the horizontal plane and includes several ring-shaped support platforms fixed on the upper part of several ring-shaped support bodies (102). A central support body (101) is provided on the top of a central support platform. The several ring-shaped support platforms are connected to the central support platform in a radial direction. The platform (103) has a truss structure, or an I-beam structure, or a box beam structure, or a steel structure, or a reinforced concrete structure. Several rings of rails (2) are provided on the upper part of the several ring-shaped support platforms. The ring-shaped support platforms are circular or polygonal. A cabin is provided on the upper part of the central support platform. A locking device is provided on the outer side of the outermost ring of rails (2) on the upper part of the platform (103).

[0086] In an optional implementation, the working layer (104) is level with the horizontal plane and includes several ring-shaped operating platforms arranged below several ring-shaped support bases, a central operating platform arranged below a central support base, and radial operating platforms connecting the ring-shaped operating platforms and the central operating platform. The ring-shaped operating platforms of the working layer (104) are fixed to the upper part of the ring-shaped support bodies (102), and the central operating platform is fixed to the upper part of the central support body (101). The working layer (104) has a truss structure, or a steel structure, or a reinforced concrete structure; the ring-shaped operating platforms are circular or polygonal.

[0087] In an optional embodiment, the base (1) of the vertical axis wind turbine also includes diagonal bracing and / or transverse bracing for connecting and fixing any two of the central support (101), ring support (102), platform (103), and working layer (104).

[0088] In an optional implementation, only one of the central support platform and the central control console may be designed. When only the central support platform is provided, the circular control console extends to the central support platform via a radius; when only the central control console is provided, the engine room sits on the central control console.

[0089] In an optional implementation, the central support (101) and the ring support (102) are located on the bearing layer of the foundation for a vertical axis wind turbine on land or near the sea.

[0090] Example 3:

[0091] like Figure 3 , 4 As shown in 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, and 10, a vertical axis wind turbine of one embodiment includes: a base (1), a track (2), a railcar (3), blades (4), a transmission frame (5), a hub (6), a bearing (7), a nacelle wall (8), a motor (9), and a transmission device (10). The nacelle includes a nacelle wall (8) and a hub (6), with the hub (6) serving as the nacelle's roof. The base (1) includes: a central support body (101), several ring-shaped support bodies (102) arranged circumferentially around the central support body (101), a platform (103) on the upper part of the ring-shaped support bodies (102) and the central support body (101), a working layer (104) on the lower part of the platform (103), and a lower connecting body (104) on the lower part of the working layer (104). 05), connect the lower parts of the ring support (102) and the center support (101) to each other, fix the cabin wall (8) to the center of the platform (103), fix the track (2) on the platform (103) at the top of the ring support (102), set the rail car (3) on the track (2), fasten the blade (4) on the upper part of the rail car (3), and fasten the connecting rod of the transmission frame (5) to the rail car (3) in the same ring and the inner and outer ring radius to the rail car (3) and the hub (6). The hub (6) is located on the upper part of the cabin wall (8) and a bearing (7) is set in the middle. One end of the transmission device (10) is connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6), and the motor (9) is connected to the other end of the transmission device (10) or the motor (9) is directly connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6).

[0092] In an optional embodiment, the wind turbine includes: blades (4), railcar (3), transmission frame (5), hub (6) and bearing (7); the hub (6) and bearing (7) are part of the wind turbine of the vertical axis wind engine, and the rotation axis of the hub (6) and bearing (7) is concentric, and the rotation angle is the same as that of the wind turbine.

[0093] In an optional implementation, the track (2) is a two-rail steel pipe or an I-beam track (2) or a flat steel plate, or the track is a two-rail steel pipe or an I-beam track (2) or a flat steel plate with a rack in the middle. The track (2) is a perfectly circular steel rail with the wind turbine shaft as the center. The number of turns of the track (2) is the same as the number of turns of the railcar (3). The bottom of the track (2) is provided with an elastic shock-absorbing support, a rubber or spring shock-absorbing support, which is fixed to the bearing platform (103) using fasteners. The distance between the outermost track (2) and the center axis of the central column is greater than 5 meters.

[0094] In an optional implementation, the railcars (3) are arranged on the upper part of several rings of track (2), with more than 3 railcars (3) on each ring of track (2) and evenly arranged in a circumferential direction; the railcars (3) are metal products, and the front, rear, inner and / or outer sides are connected to the connecting rods of the transmission frame (5). The upper part of the railcars (3) has a connecting part for connecting the flange and the blade (4), and the front and rear sides of the lower part of the railcars (3) are fastened to the load-bearing shafts; the load-bearing shafts are two steel shafts, and each load-bearing shaft fixes two steel wheels; the steel wheels are round steel wheels, and the steel wheels sit on the wheel rails of the track (2).

[0095] In optional embodiments, the blade (4) type includes: lift blade, and / or drag blade, and / or Magnus blade, and / or movable wing blade; the blades (4) in the same ring are of the same type, and the blades (4) in several rings are of the same or different types; the bottom of the blade (4) is provided with bolts or connecting pairs for connection with the railcar (3); the middle of the blade (4) is provided with connecting pairs and downleaders for connection with the transmission frame (5); the top of the blade (4) is provided with a lifting ring and lightning arrester for hoisting and mounting devices; the top of the blade (4) is inclined at an angle to the axis of rotation, or the blade (4) is parallel to the axis of rotation.

[0096] In an optional implementation, the transmission frame (5) includes a ring-position connecting rod connected to several rings of railcars (3), a ring-position connecting rod connected to several rings of blades (4), a radial connecting rod connected to the wheel hub (6), and an inclined angle connecting rod connected to the radial transmission rod of the blades (4); the connecting rods of the transmission frame (5) are made of materials including steel pipes, carbon fiber pipes, and trusses; the connecting rods of the transmission frame (5) are provided with telescopic fixing adjustment components.

[0097] In an optional implementation, the hub (6) is made of metal and includes: three or more circumferentially arrayed flanges connecting the transmission frame (5) to radial connecting rods; the bottom chassis is provided with several rings of flange connection holes (explained); the center of the chassis is provided with a brake disc and / or a gear disc and / or a center pin hole; when the hub (6) is equipped with a gear disc, the bearing (7) uses a toothless bearing, and the gear of the motor (9) is connected to the gear disc of the hub (6); the top of the hub (6) is provided with an aviation light, an anemometer, a bird deterrent, an ultrasonic anemometer, a lidar, and a lightning arrester; a sealing assembly is provided between the hub (6) and the cabin wall (8).

[0098] In an optional implementation, the bearing (7) is an internal gear slewing bearing or an internal gear slewing bearing, or a toothless bearing; the lower end of the bearing (7) is fixed to the top of the cabin wall (8), and the upper end of the bearing (7) is fixed to the flange at the bottom of the hub (6).

[0099] In an optional implementation, the motor (9) is installed inside the engine room; the motor (9) and the transmission device (10) are connected to each other by key pins, gear meshing, or coupling, or the motor (9) is directly connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6) by gear meshing; the number of motors (9) is several, and when there is more than one, they are evenly distributed along the inner circumference of the engine room wall (8).

[0100] In an optional implementation, the nacelle bulkhead (8) is a cylindrical, polygonal, or frustum-shaped steel pipe with a wall thickness greater than 0.5 cm. The nacelle bulkhead (8) has a door, and a flange is provided at the top to connect the bearing (7) to support and fix the wheel hub (6). The bottom is provided to connect the center of the flange to the support platform (103). A slip ring fixing seat is provided at the upper shaft of the nacelle bulkhead (8). The nacelle bulkhead (8) is equipped with a hydraulic brake device, a motor (9), a converter cabinet, a power control cabinet, a telephone, an auxiliary transformer, a water tank, a water-cooled pump, a dehumidification and drying device, a temperature control device, a fire cabinet, a ladder, a platform, and lights. Several radiators are provided outside the nacelle bulkhead (8).

[0101] In an optional implementation, the transmission device (10) transmits the rotational motion and mechanical energy generated by the wind turbine to the motor (9) via the hub (6) or bearing (7). The wind turbine refers to a combination of blades (4), railcar (3), transmission frame (5), hub (6), and / or bearing (7).

[0102] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 10 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a gear disk (203). The gear teeth of the gear disk (203) mesh with the bearing (7) or the hub (6). The center of the gear disk (203) is fixedly connected to the rotor of the motor (9) using a pin key.

[0103] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 8 , Figure 9 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a gear disk (203) and a gearbox (202). The gear teeth of the gear disk (203) mesh with the teeth of the bearing (7) or the hub (6). The center of the gear disk (203) is connected to one end of the gearbox (202), and the other end of the gearbox (202) is connected to the motor (9) by a coupling.

[0104] In an optional implementation, the transmission device (10) may be a key, and the center pin hole of the chassis of the hub (6) may be connected to the rotor of the motor (9) using a key.

[0105] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 5 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a vertical shaft (201), the flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6), and the shaft of the vertical shaft (201) is connected to the rotor of the motor (9) by a coupling.

[0106] Optional implementation methods, such as Figure 4 As shown, the transmission device (10) is a vertical shaft (201) and a gearbox (202). The flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6). The shaft of the vertical shaft (201) is connected to one end of the gearbox (202), and the other end of the gearbox (202) is connected to the rotor of the motor (9) by a coupling.

[0107] Optional implementation methods, Figure 7 Or the transmission device (10) is a vertical shaft (201) and a gear disk (203). The flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6). The shaft of the vertical shaft (201) is provided with a gear disk that meshes with the gear disk (203) on the rotor shaft of the motor (9).

[0108] Optional implementation methods, Figure 6 The transmission device (10) consists of a vertical shaft (201), a gear disk (203), and a gearbox (202). The flange at the top of the vertical shaft (201) is bolted to the flange connection hole at the bottom of the hub (6). The gear disk on the shaft of the vertical shaft (201) meshes with the gear disk (203) on the shaft of the gearbox (202). The other end of the gearbox (202) is connected to the motor (9) using a coupling.

[0109] In an optional implementation, the number of central support bodies (101) is a single piece or a group of several pieces; the top of the central support body (101) is connected to a support platform (103), and an operating platform is connected to the middle of the central support body (101); the structure of the central support body (101) is a hollow floating body, made of cylindrical steel pipe, or polygonal pipe, or reinforced concrete, and shaped as a cylinder, or a frustum, or a polygonal column. Supporting components are provided inside the central support body (101) and the ring support body (102), and a cylindrical, frustum, or spherical steel structure with a diameter greater than that of the central support body (101) is provided at its bottom, and a horizontal steel plate in the shape of a ring, or a fan ring, or an arc, or a rectangle is provided.

[0110] In an optional implementation, the ring support (102) consists of several rings, with each ring having more than three groups. Each group of ring support (102) consists of a single column or two columns, evenly arranged around the central support (101) in a circumferential direction. The ring support (102) has a hollow floating structure and is made of cylindrical steel pipe, polygonal pipe, or reinforced concrete. Its shape is cylindrical, frustum, or polygonal column. The upper part of the ring support (102) is connected to a support platform (103), and the middle part of the ring support (102) is connected to an operating platform. The outermost ring of the ring support (102) has a radius greater than 5 meters from the central support (101). The ring support body (102) is equipped with a support member inside, and a steel structure with a diameter greater than that of the ring support body (102) is provided at its bottom. It is a cylindrical, frustum or spherical steel structure, and a horizontal steel plate in the shape of a ring, fan ring, bow or rectangle is provided. The ring support body (102) is provided with a connecting pair for connection with the mooring system.

[0111] In an optional implementation, the distance between the ring support (102) and the central support (101) is determined by the design. The greater the distance between the ring support (102) and the central support (101), the smaller the sway of the foundation platform (103) will be, and the greater the torque generated by the wind turbine at the top of the platform (103) under the same wind speed.

[0112] In an optional implementation, the platform (103) is level with the horizontal plane and includes several ring-shaped support platforms fixed on the upper part of several ring-shaped support bodies (102). A central support body (101) is provided on the top of a central support platform. The several ring-shaped support platforms are connected to the central support platform in a radial direction. The platform (103) has a truss structure, or an I-beam structure, or a box beam structure, or a steel structure, or a reinforced concrete structure. Several rings of rails (2) are provided on the upper part of the several ring-shaped support platforms. The ring-shaped support platforms are circular or polygonal. A cabin is provided on the upper part of the central support platform. A locking device is provided on the outer side of the outermost ring of rails (2) on the upper part of the platform (103).

[0113] In an optional implementation, the working layer (104) is level with the horizontal plane and includes several ring-shaped operating platforms arranged below several ring-shaped support platforms, a central operating platform arranged below a central support platform, and radial operating platforms connecting the ring-shaped operating platforms and the central operating platform. The ring-shaped operating platforms of the working layer (104) are fixed to the upper part of the ring-shaped support bodies (102), and the central operating platform is fixed to the upper part of the central support body (101). The working layer (104) has a truss structure, or a steel structure, or a reinforced concrete structure; the ring-shaped operating platforms are circular or polygonal.

[0114] In an optional embodiment, the lower connecting body (105) includes a ring-shaped lower connecting body connected to the bottom of several ring-shaped support bodies (102), and a radius-downward connecting body connected to the bottom of the ring-shaped support body (102) and the central support body (101); the lower connecting body (105) is a hollow floating structure or a truss structure, made of round steel pipe, square steel pipe, polygonal steel pipe, or elliptical steel pipe; the lower connecting body (105) is provided with a ring-shaped, fan-shaped, bow-shaped, or rectangular horizontal steel plate; the ring-shaped lower connecting body is a polygon or a circle around the central support body (101).

[0115] In an optional embodiment, the base (1) of the vertical axis wind turbine also includes diagonal bracing and / or transverse bracing for connecting and fixing any two of the central support (101), ring support (102), platform (103), working layer (104), and lower connecting body (105).

[0116] In an optional implementation, only one of the central support platform and the central control console may be designed. When only the central support platform is provided, the circular control console extends to the central support platform via a radius; when only the central control console is provided, the engine room sits on the central control console.

[0117] In an optional implementation, the central support (101) and the ring support (102) are semi-submersible and floating on the water surface. The bottom of the base (1) is provided with an interface for connecting to the steel cable or steel wire of the mooring system. The base (1) is connected to the mooring system for fixation. Alternatively, the bottom of the central support (101) and the ring support (102) is supported by a pile foundation. This is used for vertical axis wind turbines in nearshore or offshore areas.

[0118] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A vertical axis wind turbine, characterized in that, include: Base (1), track (2), railcar (3), blade (4), transmission frame (5), hub (6), bearing (7), cabin wall (8), motor (9), transmission device (10); among which, The base (1) includes: a central support (101), several concentric support bodies (102) arranged circumferentially around the central support (101), a platform (103) provided on the upper part of the concentric support bodies (102) and the central support (101), and / or a working layer (104) provided on the lower part of the platform (103), and / or a lower connecting body (105) provided on the lower part of the working layer (104) to connect the lower parts of the concentric support bodies (102) and the central support body (101) to each other. The cabin wall (8) is fixed to the center of the support (103) surface. The track (2) is fixed on the platform (103) on the upper part of the ring support (102). The railcar (3) is mounted on the track (2), and the upper part of the railcar (3) is fastened with blades (4). The connecting rod of the transmission frame (5) securely connects the inner and outer circumferential rail cars (3) to each other and to the wheel hub (6). The hub (6) is located on the upper part of the nacelle wall (8) and a bearing (7) is installed in the middle of it. One end of the transmission device (10) is connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6). The motor (9) is connected to the other end of the transmission device (10), or the motor (9) is directly connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6).

2. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track (2) is a two-rail steel pipe or an I-shaped track (2) or a flat steel plate, or a two-rail steel pipe or an I-shaped track (2) or a flat steel plate with a toothed rail in the middle.

3. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The track (2) is a perfectly circular steel rail with the wind turbine shaft as the center, and the outermost track (2) is more than 5 meters away from the center line of the central column.

4. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The railcars (3) are arranged on the upper part of several rings of track (2), with more than 3 railcars (3) on each ring of track (2), and are evenly arranged in a circle with the wind turbine shaft as the center.

5. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The railcar (3) is a metal product. The front, rear, inner and / or outer sides are connected to the connecting rod of the transmission frame (5). The upper part of the railcar (3) has a connecting part for connecting the flange and the blade (4). The front and rear sides of the lower part of the railcar (3) are fastened to the load-bearing shaft. The load-bearing shaft consists of two steel shafts. Each load-bearing shaft is fixed with two steel wheels. The steel wheels are round steel wheels and sit on the wheel rail of the track (2).

6. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The blade (4) is of the type of lift blade, and / or drag blade, and / or Magnus blade, and / or movable wing blade.

7. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claims 1 and 6, characterized in that: The blade (4) has several rings, and the blades (4) in the same ring are of the same type. The blades (4) in different rings are of the same type or different types.

8. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottom of the blade (4) is provided with bolts or connecting pairs for connection with the railcar (3), the top of the blade (4) is provided with a lightning arrester, the top of the blade (4) is tilted at an angle toward the axis of rotation, or the blade (4) is parallel to the axis of rotation.

9. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission frame (5) includes a ring-position connecting rod connected to several rings of railcars (3), a ring-position connecting rod connected to several rings of blades (4), a radial connecting rod connected to the wheel hub (6) of the railcars (3), and an inclined angle connecting rod connected to the radial transmission rod of the blades (4). The connecting rod of the transmission frame (5) is made of steel pipe or carbon fiber pipe, and the structure is a single pipe or truss.

10. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The hub (6) is made of metal and includes: three or more flanges arranged in a circumferential array; the bottom chassis is provided with several flange connection holes; the center of the chassis is provided with a brake disc and / or a gear disc and / or a center pin hole.

11. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bearing (7) is an internal gear slewing bearing or an internal gear slewing bearing, or a toothless bearing; The lower end of the bearing (7) is fixed to the top of the cabin wall (8), and the upper end of the bearing (7) is fixed to the flange at the bottom of the hub (6).

12. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor (9) and the transmission device (10) are connected to each other by key pins, gear meshing, or coupling, or the motor (9) is directly connected to the bearing (7) or the hub (6) by gear meshing.

13. The vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cabin wall (8) is a cylindrical, polygonal or frustum-shaped steel pipe with a wall thickness greater than 0.5 cm. The cabin wall (8) has a door, and a flange is provided at the top to connect the bearing (7) to support and fix the wheel hub (6). The bottom is provided to connect the center of the flange to the support platform (103).

14. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission device (10) transmits the rotational motion and mechanical energy generated by the wind turbine to the motor (9) through the hub (6) or bearing (7).

15. A vertical axis wind turbine according to claims 1 and 14, characterized in that: The transmission device (10) is a gear disk, or a gear disk and a transmission, or a key, or a vertical shaft, or a vertical shaft and a transmission, or a vertical shaft and a gear disk, or a vertical shaft, a gear disk and a transmission.

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